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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

Stieda's process
Synonym for posterior process of talus ... A projection of the talus bearing medial and lateral tubercles; it is posterior and inferior to the trochlea. ... Synonym: processus posterior tali, Stieda's process. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stierlin sign
<radiology> Terminal ileum empties directly into stenotic ascending colon with non-opacification of the fibrotic and contracted caecum, associated with tuberculous involvement of the ileocaecum ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Stierlin, Eduard
<person> German surgeon, 1878-1919. ... See: Stierlin's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Stierlin's sign
<clinical sign> Repeated emptying of the caecum, seen radiographically, with barium remaining in the terminal part of the ileum and in the transverse colon; due to irritation of the caecum, sometimes caused by tuberculous cecitis (typhilitis). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stiff
1. Not easily bent; not flexible or pliant; not limber or flaccid; rigid; firm; as, stiff wood, paper, joints. '[They] rising on stiff pennons, tower The mid aerial sky.' (Milton) ... 2. Not liquid or fluid; thick and tenacious; inspissated; neither soft nor hard; as, the paste is stiff. ... 3. Firm; strong; violent; difficult to oppose; as, a stiff …

stiff heart syndrome
<syndrome> Any condition, usually acute, that causes the heart to be restricted in diastole mainly affecting the ventricles and at one time a complication of cardiac surgery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stiff lamb disease
A muscular dystrophy occurring in young lambs fed on ewe's milk or on feed that is deficient in vitamin E or selenium, or both. ... See: white muscle disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stiff neck
Non-specific term for limited neck mobility, often due to muscle cramps and accompanied by pain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stiff toe
Synonym for hallux rigidus ... A condition in which there is stiffness in the first metatarsophalangeal joint; the joint may be the site of a osteoarthritis. ... Synonym: stiff toe. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stiff-man syndrome
<syndrome> Rare central nervous system disorder of unknown aetiology characterised by progressive rigidity and painful spasms of the axial and limb musculature. Diagnosis is based on the appropriate clinical signs, continuous motor activity on electromyography, and significant favourable response to diazepam. It has been suggested that the sy …

stifle
1. To stop the breath of by crowding something into the windpipe, or introducing an irrespirable substance into the lungs; to choke; to suffocate; to cause the death of by such means; as, to stifle one with smoke or dust. 'Stifled with kisses, a sweet death he dies.' (Dryden) 'I took my leave, being half stifled with the closeness of the room.' (Sw …

stifle bone
The patella of the stifle joint of a horse. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stifle joint
The femorotibial articulation in the hind leg of the horse and other quadrupeds; it corresponds to the knee in humans. ... Synonym: stifle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stigma
The pollen-receptive surface of a carpel or group of fused carpels, usually sticky. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

stigma ventriculi
One of a number of miliary ecchymoses of the gastric mucosa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stigmastane
The parent substance of sitosterol. ... Synonym: sitostane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stigmasterol
<chemical> Chemical name: Stigmasta-5,22-dien-3-ol, (3beta,22E)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

stigmata
Alternative plural of stigma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stigmatic
Relating to or marked by a stigma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stigmatical
1. Marked with a stigma, or with something reproachful to character. ... 2. Impressing with infamy or reproach. ... 3. <botany> Of or pertaining to a stigma or stigmata. Stigmatic geometry, or Stigmatics, that science in which the correspondence of index and stigma (see Stigma, 7) is made use of to establish geometrical proportions. ... See: Sti …

stigmatism
The condition of having a stigma. ... Synonym: stigmatization. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stilbamidine
Stilbene-4,4'-dicarbonamidine;a compound used in the treatment of leishmaniasis (kala azar), in infections due to Blastomyces dermatitidis, and in actinomycosis; also used in multiple myeloma for the relief of bone pain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stilbamidines
<chemical> Pharmacological action: trypanocidal agents. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

stilbazium iodide
1-Ethyl-2,6-bis[(p-pyrrolidinylstyryl)]pyridinium iodide;an anthelmintic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stilbene oxide hydrolase
<enzyme> Aspect of epoxide hydrolase, EC 3.3.2.3 ... Registry number: EC 3.3.2.- ... Synonym: trans-stilbene oxide hydrolase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

stilbene synthase
<enzyme> Extract from pine seedlings catalyzed the conversion of cinnamoyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA into 3,5-dihydroxystilbene ... Chemical name: synthase, stilbene ... Registry number: EC 2.3.1.- ... Synonym: pinosylvine synthase, dihydropinosylvine synthase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

stilbenes
Organic compounds that contain 1,2-diphenylethylene as a functional group. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

stilbestrol
Synonym for diethylstilbestrol ... <drug> A synthetic oestrogen (originally prescribed to prevent miscarriage) that caused malformations of the reproductive organs in some who were exposed to the drug during foetal development. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

stilbite
<chemical> A common mineral of the zeolite family, a hydrous silicate of alumina and lime, usually occurring in sheaflike aggregations of crystals, also in radiated masses. It is of a white or yellowish colour, with pearly luster on the cleavage surface. ... Synonym: desmine. ... Origin: Gr. To glitter, shine: cf. F. Stilbite. ... Source: Webste …

Stiles-Crawford effect
Light that enters through the centre of the pupil produces a greater visual effect than light that enters obliquely. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Stiles, Walter
<person> English physicist, *1901. ... See: Stiles-Crawford effect. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

still
1. Motionless; at rest; quiet; as, to stand still; to lie or sit still. 'Still as any stone.' ... 2. Uttering no sound; silent; as, the audience is still; the animals are still. 'The sea that roared at thy command, At thy command was still.' (Addison) ... 3. Not disturbed by noise or agitation; quiet; calm; as, a still evening; a still atmosphere. 'W …

still disease
<radiology> Seronegative juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, 85% of kids with RA, uncommon: adult-onset Still disease findings: fever, rash, adenopathy, splenomegaly ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

still layer
The layer of the bloodstream in the capillary vessels, next to the wall of the vessel, that flows slowly and transports the white blood cells along the layer wall, while in the centre the flow is rapid and transports the red blood cells. ... Synonym: plasma layer, Poiseuille's space, sluggish layer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Still-Chauffard syndrome
Synonym for Chauffard's syndrome ... <syndrome> The symptoms of Still's disease in one suffering from bovine or other nonhuman form of tuberculosis. ... Synonym: Still-Chauffard syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Still, Sir George
<person> English physician, 1868-1941. ... See: Still's disease, Still's murmur, Still-Chauffard syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

still's disease
Also known as systemic-onset juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and systemic-onset juvenile chronic arthritis. Still's disease presents with systemic (bodywide) illness including high intermittent fever, a salmon-coloured skin rash, swollen lymph glands, enlargement of the liver and spleen, and inflammation of the lungs (pleuritis) and around the heart …

still's disease, adult-onset
Systemic-onset rheumatoid arthritis in adults. It differs from classical rheumatoid arthritis in that it is more often marked by acute febrile onset, and generalised lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly are more prominent. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Still's murmur
An innocent musical murmur resembling the noise produced by a twanging string; almost exclusively in young children, of uncertain origin and ultimately disappearing. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stillage
The grains and liquid effluent remaining after distillation. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

stillbirth
The birth of an infant who has died prior to delivery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stillbirth rate
Synonym for foetal death rate ... The number of foetal deaths divided by the sum of live births and foetal deaths occurring in the same population during the same time period. ... Synonym: stillbirth rate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stillborn
Born dead; denoting an infant dead at birth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stillborn infant
An infant who shows no evidence of life after birth. ... Compare: liveborn infant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Stilling colour tables
Synonym for Reuss' colour tables ... An obsolete charts in which coloured letters are printed on coloured backgrounds in such combination that some of them are invisible to a person with deficient colour vision. ... Synonym: Stilling colour tables. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Stilling, Benedict
<person> German anatomist, 1810-1879. ... See: Stilling's canal, Stilling's column, Stilling's nucleus, Stilling's raphe, Stilling's gelatinous substance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Stilling, Jakob
<person> German ophthalmologist, 1842-1915. ... See: Stilling colour tables. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Stilling's canal
Synonym for hyaloid canal ... A minute canal running through the vitreous from the discus nervi optici to the lens, containing in foetal life a prolongation of the central artery of the retina, the hyaloid artery. ... See: vitreous, hyaloid artery. ... Synonym: canalis hyaloideus, central canal of the vitreous, Cloquet's canal, Stilling's canal. ... (0 …

Stilling's gelatinous substance
Synonym for central and lateral intermediate substance ... The central gray matter of the spinal cord surrounding the central canal. ... Synonym: substantia intermedia centralis et lateralis, anterior gray column, Stilling's gelatinous substance, substantia gelatinosa centralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Stilling's raphe
The transverse interdigitations of fibre bundles across the anterior median fissure of the medulla oblongata at the decussation of the pyramidal tracts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stilt
1. A pole, or piece of wood, constructed with a step or loop to raise the foot above the ground in walking. It is sometimes lashed to the leg, and sometimes prolonged upward so as to be steadied by the hand or arm. 'Ambition is but avarice on stilts, and masked.' (Landor) ... 2. A crutch; also, the handle of a plow. ... 3. <ornithology> Any spe …

stilted root
Adventitious aerial roots arising from the trunk and branches, presumably providing support to the plant. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

stilus
See: stylus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stimulant
1. Producing stimulation, especially producing stimulation by causing tension on muscle fibre through the nervous tissue. ... 2. <pharmacology> An agent or remedy that produces stimulation. ... Origin: L. Stimulans ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

stimulants (historical)
Agents or remedies that historically have produced stimulation or excited functional activity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

stimulate
1. To excite as if with a goad; to excite, rouse, or animate, to action or more vigorous exertion by some pungent motive or by persuasion; as, to stimulate one by the hope of reward, or by the prospect of glory. 'To excite and stimulate us thereunto.' (Dr. J. Scott) ... 2. <physiology> To excite; to irritate; especially, to excite the activity …

stimulated emission
<radiobiology> Radiation coherently emitted by excited ions when driven by a passing light wave and the appropriate transition wavelength. Laser means Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation, it occurs when there is a population inversion between the upper and lower energy states of the transition, such that stimulated emissio …

stimulation
1. The act of stimulating, or the state of being stimulated. ... 2. <physiology> The irritating action of various agents (stimuli) on muscles, nerves, or a sensory end organ, by which activity is evoked; especially, the nervous impulse produced by various agents on nerves, or a sensory end organ, by which the part connected with the nerve is t …

stimulator
Synonym for stimulant ... 1. Producing stimulation, especially producing stimulation by causing tension on muscle fibre through the nervous tissue. ... 2. <pharmacology> An agent or remedy that produces stimulation. ... Origin: L. Stimulans ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

stimulatory protein 1
An RNA polymerase II transcription factor in vertebrates; binds to DNA in regions rich in G and C residues; a general promoter-binding factor necessary for the activation of many genes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stimuli
The pleural of stimulus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stimulus
Origin: L, for stigmulus, akin to L. Instigare to stimulate. See Instigare, Stick. ... 1. A goad; hence, something that rouses the mind or spirits; an incentive; as, the hope of gain is a powerful stimulus to labour and action. ... 2. <physiology> That which excites or produces a temporary increase of vital action, either in the whole organism …

stimulus control
The use of conditioning techniques to bring the target behaviour of an individual under environmental control. ... See: classical conditioning. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stimulus generalisation
<psychology> The tendency to react to stimuli that are different from, but somewhat similar to, the stimulus used as a conditioned stimulus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

stimulus generalization
In Pavlovian conditioning, the eliciting of a conditioned response by stimuli never before experienced but which are similar to a particular conditioned stimulus. ... See: conditioning, classical conditioning. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stimulus secretion coupling
A term used to describe the events that link receipt of a stimulus with the release of materials from membrane bounded vesicles (the analogy is with excitation contraction coupling in the control of muscle contraction). A classical example is the link between membrane depolarisation at the presynaptic terminal and the release of neurotransmitter in …

stimulus sensitive myoclonus
Myoclonus induced by a variety of stimuli, e.g., talking, calculation, loud noises, tapping, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stimulus substitution
Synonym for classical conditioning ... <psychology> Learning that takes place when a conditioned stimulus is paired with an unconditioned stimulus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

stimulus threshold
Synonym for absolute threshold ... The lowest limit of any perception whatever. ... Compare: differential threshold. ... Synonym: stimulus threshold. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stimulus word
The word used in association tests to evoke a response. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sting
1. <zoology> Any sharp organ of offense and defense, especially when connected with a poison gland, and adapted to inflict a wound by piercing; as the caudal sting of a scorpion. The sting of a bee or wasp is a modified ovipositor. The caudal sting, or spine, of a sting ray is a modified dorsal fin ray. The term is sometimes applied to the fa …

sting cell
Nematocysts of coelenterates. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

stingers
Synonym for burners ... Episodes of upper extremity burning pain. ... See: burner syndrome. ... Synonym: stingers. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stings, insect
Stings from large stinging insects such as yellow jackets, bees, hornets and wasps can trigger allergic reactions varying greatly in severity. Avoidance and prompt treatment are essential. In selected cases, allergy injection therapy is highly effective. (the three a's of insect allergy are adrenaline, avoidance and allergist.) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

stingy
Extremely close and covetous; meanly avaricious; niggardly; miserly; penurious; as, a stingy churl. 'A stingy, narrow-hearted fellow that had a deal of choice fruit, had not the heart to touch it till it began to be rotten.' (L'estrange) ... Origin: Probably from sting, and meaning originally, stinging; hence, biting, nipping (of the wind), churlish …

stipe
A stalk, especially of fungal fruiting bodies or of large brown algae. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

stipel
A small secondary stipule at the base of a leaflet. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

stipitate
Stalked, borne on a stipe, of an ovary, borne on a gynophore. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

stippled epiphysis
Synonym for dysplasia epiphysialis punctata ... A developmental error of the epiphyses characterised by severe deformities, epiphyses ossified from several discrete centres and with a stippled appearance, and thickened shafts of the long bones; congenital cataract and mental retardation are often present. There is an autosomal dominant form and an a …

stippled tongue
Synonym for dotted tongue ... One in which each separate papilla is capped with a whitish deposit. ... Synonym: stippled tongue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stippling
1. A speckling of a blood cell or other structure with fine dots when exposed to the action of a basic stain, due to the presence of free basophil granules in the cell protoplasm. ... Synonym: punctate basophilia. ... 2. An orange peel appearance of the attached gingiva. ... 3. A roughening of the surfaces of a denture base to stimulate natural gingiv …

stipule
One of a pair of appendages at the bases of leaves in many dicotyledons. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

stir
1. To change the place of in any manner; to move. 'My foot I had never yet in five days been able to stir.' (Sir W. Temple) ... 2. To disturb the relative position of the particles of, as of a liquid, by passing something through it; to agitate; as, to stir a pudding with a spoon. 'My mind is troubled, like a fountain stirred.' (Shak) ... 3. To bring …

Stirling, William
<person> British histologist and physiologist, 1851-1932. ... See: Stirling's modification of Gram's stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stirrup
1. A kind of ring, or bent piece of metal, wood, leather, or the like, horizontal in one part for receiving the foot of a rider, and attached by a strap to the saddle, used to assist a person in mounting a horse, and to enable him to sit steadily in riding, as well as to relieve him by supporting a part of the weight of the body. 'Our host upon his …

stitch
1. To form stitches in; especially, to sew in such a manner as to show on the surface a continuous line of stitches; as, to stitch a shirt bosom. ... 2. To sew, or unite together by stitches; as, to stitch printed sheets in making a book or a pamphlet. ... 3. <agriculture> To form land into ridges. To stitch up, to mend or unite with a needle a …

stitch abscess
An abscess around a suture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

STK1 kinase
<enzyme> Stk - serine/threonine kinase; 86% identical to xenopus p40mo15 (mo15); genbank l20320; do not confuse with stem cell tyrosine kinase (stk-1) ... Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

STK2 kinase
<enzyme> 50% identical to the kinase domain of nek1 protein; genbank l20321 ... Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

stlv
A simian HTLV-blv virus species closely related to the human HTLV-I virus. The clinical, haematological, and histopathological characteristics of the disease in stlv-infected monkeys are very similar to those of human adult T-cell leukaemia. Subgroups include the african green monkey subtype (stlv-I-agm), for which the nucleotide sequence is 95% ho …

STM
<abbreviation> Short-term memory. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stoat
<zoology> The ermine in its summer pelage, when it is reddish brown, but with a black tip to the tail. The name is sometimes applied also to other brown weasels. ... Origin: OE. Stot a stoat, horse, bullock; perhaps originally only of male animals, and akin to D. Stooten to push, E. Stutter; cf. Icel. Sttr a bull, Sw. Stut a bullock. Cf. Stot. …

stobadine N-oxidase
<enzyme> Forms stobadine n-oxide ... Registry number: EC 1.7.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

stochastic
Random or probabilistic event. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

stochastic independence
Independence of two or more events or variables; the state in which their joint probability or distribution is equal to the product of their marginal probabilities or distributions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stochastic model
<epidemiology> A mathematical model which takes into consideration the presence of some randomness in one or more of its parameters or variables. The predictions of the model therefore do not give a single point estimate but a probability distribution of possible estimates. Contrast with deterministic. ... We might distinguish demographic stoc …

stochastic process
A process that incorporates some element of randomness. ... Origin: G. Stochastikos, pertaining to guessing, fr. Stochazomai, to guess ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stochastic processes
Processes that incorporate some element of randomness, used particularly to refer to a time series of random variables. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

stock
Group of organisms (all of the same species) that is genetically self-sustaining and isolated geographically or temporally during reproduction. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

stock culture
A culture of a microorganism maintained solely for the purpose of keeping the microorganism in a viable condition by subculture, as necessary, into fresh medium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...