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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


stone-mason's disease
Synonym for silicosis ... Inflammation of the lung caused by foreign bodies (inhaled particles of silica): leads to fibrosis but unlike asbestosis does not predispose to neoplasia. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

stonechat
<ornithology> A small, active, and very common European singing bird (Pratincola rubicola). ... Synonym: chickstone, stonechacker, stonechatter, stoneclink, stonesmith. ... The wheatear. ... The blue titmouse. ... The name is sometimes applied to various species of Saxicola, Pratincola, and allied genera; as, the pied stonechat of India (Saxicola …

stony
1. Of or pertaining to stone, consisting of, or abounding in, stone or stones; resembling stone; hard; as, a stony tower; a stony cave; stony ground; a stony crust. ... 2. Converting into stone; petrifying; petrific. 'The stony dart of senseless cold.' (Spenser) ... 3. Inflexible; cruel; unrelenting; pitiless; obdurate; perverse; cold; morally hard; …

Stookey-Scarff operation
Synonym for third ventriculostomy ... <procedure> An operation to establish an opening from the third ventricle to the prechiasmal and interpeduncular cisterns (Stookey-Scarff operation) or from the third ventricle to the interpeduncular cistern (Dandy operation). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Stookey, Byron
<person> U.S. Neurosurgeon, 1887-1966. ... See: Stookey-Scarff operation, Queckenstedt-Stookey test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stool culture
A test used to identify pathogenic organisms in the stools that may be responsible for gastroenteritis. Often performed in cases of unexplained diarrhoea. May indicate bacterial, viral or parasitic disease. Cultures are also helpful in assisting the selection an appropriate antibiotic agent. ... See: Traveler's Diarrhoea. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

stool guaiac test
<investigation> A chemical test measures the presence of fresh or decomposed blood. Blood may arise from bleeding anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus. An easy to perform colourmetric test. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

stool smear
A microscopic slide preparation that is used to identify pathogenic micro-organisms within a stool specimen. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

stool test
A test to see whether there is blood in the bowel movement. Also called a faecal occult blood test: a test to check for hidden blood in stool. (faecal refers to stool. Occult means hidden.) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

stop
<dentistry> A bend or auxiliary attachment placed on a wire to limit the archwire from sliding or moving in the bracket slot of the bracket. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

stop codon
Synonym for termination codon ... <molecular biology> The three codons, UAA known as ochre, UAG as amber and UGA as opal, that do not code for an amino acid but act as signals for the termination of protein synthesis. ... They are not represented by any tRNA and termination is catalysed by protein release factors. There are two release factors …

stop-needle
A surgical needle, with the eye at the tip, the shank of which has a projecting shelf to arrest the needle when it has passed the desired distance through the tissues. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stop-speculum
A dilating speculum, as a speculum of the eyelids, which is provided with a catch to prevent its being opened too wide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stope
<chemical> A horizontal working forming one of a series, the working faces of which present the appearance of a flight of steps. ... Origin: Cf. Step, &. ... <chemical> To excavate in the form of stopes. ... To fill in with rubbish, as a space from which the ore has been worked out. ... Origin: Stoped; Stoping. ... Source: Websters Dicti …

stopper
1. One who stops, closes, shuts, or hinders; that which stops or obstructs; that which closes or fills a vent or hole in a vessel. ... 2. A short piece of rope having a knot at one or both ends, with a lanyard under the knot, used to secure something. ... 3. <botany> A name to several trees of the genus Eugenia, found in Florida and the West In …

stopping power
<radiobiology> The average rate of energy loss of a charged particle per unit thickness of a material or per unit mass of material traversed. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

stops
Bends in, or wires soldered to, an archwire to limit passage through a bracket or tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

storage disease
<disease> Another name for lysosomal diseases. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

storage granule
1. <cell biology> Membrane bounded vesicles containing condensed secretory materials (often in an inactive, zymogen, form). Otherwise known as zymogen granules or condensing vacuoles. ... 2. Granules found in plastids or in cytoplasm, assumed to be food reserves, often of glycogen or other carbohydrate polymer. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

storage pool disease
<disease> A form of congenital platelet functional defect that result in prolongation of the bleeding time. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

storage protein deamidase
<enzyme> Deamidates glutaminyl residues; isolated from germinating wheat grains ... Registry number: EC 3.5.1.- ... Synonym: seed storage protein deamidase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

storax
Any one of a number of similar complex resins obtained from the bark of several trees and shrubs of the Styrax family. The most common of these is liquid storax, a brown or gray semifluid substance of an agreeable aromatic odour and balsamic taste, sometimes used in perfumery, and in medicine as an expectorant. ... A yellow aromatic honeylike substa …

store
1. That which is accumulated, or massed together; a source from which supplies may be drawn; hence, an abundance; a great quantity, or a great number. 'The ships are fraught with store of victuals.' (Bacon) 'With store of ladies, whose bright eyes Rain influence, and give the prize.' (Milton) ... 2. A place of deposit for goods, especially. For larg …

storehouse
1. A building for keeping goods of any kind, especially provisions; a magazine; a repository; a warehouse. 'Joseph opened all the storehouses, and sold unto Egyptians.' (Gen. Xli. 56) 'The Scripture of God is a storehouse abounding with estimable treasures of wisdom and knowledge.' (Hooker) ... 2. A mass or quality laid up. ... Source: Websters Dicti …

storied
1. Told in a story. ... 2. Having a history; interesting from the stories which pertain to it; venerable from the associations of the past. 'Some greedy minion, or imperious wife, The trophied arches, storied halls, invade.' (Pope) 'Can storied urn, or animated bust, Back to its mansion call the fleeting breath?' (Gray) ... 3. Having (such or so many …

storiform
Having a cartwheel pattern, as of spindle cells with elongated nuclei radiating from a centre. ... Origin: L. Storea, woven mat, + -formis, form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

storiform neurofibroma
Synonym for pigmented dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans ... An uncommon variant of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans containing heavily pigmented dendritic melanocytes scattered between spindle cells of the tumour. ... Synonym: Bednar tumour, storiform neurofibroma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stork
<ornithology> Any one of several species of large wading birds of the family Ciconidae, having long legs and a long, pointed bill. They are found both in the Old World and in America, and belong to Ciconia and several allied genera. The European white stork (Ciconia alba) is the best known. It commonly makes its nests on the top of a building …

storm
1. A violent disturbance of the atmosphere, attended by wind, rain, snow, hail, or thunder and lightning; hence, often, a heavy fall of rain, snow, or hail, whether accompanied with wind or not. 'We hear this fearful tempest sing, yet seek no shelter to avoid the storm.' (Shak) ... 2. A violent agitation of human society; a civil, political, or dome …

stormy
1. Characterised by, or proceeding from, a storm; subject to storms; agitated with furious winds; biosterous; tempestous; as, a stormy season; a stormy day or week. 'Beyond the stormy Hebrides.' ... 2. Proceeding from violent agitation or fury; as, a stormy sound; stormy shocks. ... 3. Violent; passionate; rough; as, stormy passions. 'Stormy chiefs o …

story
Origin: OF. Estore, estoree, built, erected, p.p. Of estorer to build, restore, to store. See Store. ... A set of rooms on the same floor or level; a floor, or the space between two floors. Also, a horizontal division of a building's exterior considered architecturally, which need not correspond exactly with the stories within. ... Alternative forms: …

stout
1. Strong; lusty; vigorous; robust; sinewy; muscular; hence, firm; resolute; dauntless. 'With hearts stern and stout.' (Chaucer) 'A stouter champion never handled sword.' (Shak) 'He lost the character of a bold, stout, magnanimous man.' (Clarendon) 'The lords all stand To clear their cause, most resolutely stout.' (Daniel) ... 2. Proud; haughty; arr …

Stout's wiring
Synonym for continuous loop wiring ... The formation of wire loops on both maxillary and mandibular teeth, for the placement of intermaxillary elastics; used in reduction and fixation of fractures. ... Synonym: Stout's wiring. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stove
1. To keep warm, in a house or room, by artificial heat; as, to stove orange trees. ... 2. To heat or dry, as in a stove; as, to stove feathers. ... Origin: Stoved; Stoving. ... 1. A house or room artificially warmed or heated; a forcing house, or hothouse; a drying room; formerly, designating an artificially warmed dwelling or room, a parlor, or a ba …

stover
Fodder for cattle, especially straw or coarse hay. 'Where live nibbling sheep, And flat meads thatched with stover them to keep.' (Shak) 'Thresh barley as yet but as need shall require, Fresh threshed for stover thy cattle desire.' (Tusser) ... Origin: OE. Estoveir, estovoir, necessity, provisions, properly an inf, 'to be necessary.' Cf. Estovers.
stow
1. To place or arrange in a compact mass; to put in its proper place, or in a suitable place; to pack; as, to stowbags, bales, or casks in a ship's hold; to stow hay in a mow; to stow sheaves. 'Some stow their oars, or stop the leaky sides.' (Dryden) ... 2. To put away in some place; to hide; to lodge. 'Foul thief! where hast thou stowed my daughter …

stowage
1. The act or method of stowing; as, the stowage of provisions in a vessel. ... 2. Room in which things may be stowed. 'In every vessel is stowage for immense treasures.' (Addison) ... 3. The state of being stowed, or put away. 'To have them in safe stowage.' ... 4. Things stowed or packed. ... 5. Money paid for stowing goods. ... Source: Websters Dicti …

STPD
Symbol indicating that a gas volume has been expressed as if it were at standard temperature (0°C), standard pressure (760 mm Hg absolute), dry; under these conditions a mole of gas occupies 22.4 liters. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strabismal
Relating to or affected with strabismus. ... Synonym: strabismic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strabismic
Synonym for strabismal ... Relating to or affected with strabismus. ... Synonym: strabismic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strabismic amblyopia
A suppression of central vision due to the two eyes pointing in different directions. The two scenes cannot be fused into a single image, so, to avoid confusion, one of the images is suppressed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strabismologist
A physician subspecializing in paediatric ophthalmology with an emphasis on the management of strabismus and amblyopia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strabismus
<clinical sign> A deviation of the eye which the patient cannot overcome. The visual axes assume a position relative to each other different from that required by the physiological conditions. The various forms of strabismus are spoken of as tropias, their direction being indicated by the appropriate prefix, as cyclo tropia, esotropia, exotro …

strabismus deorsum vergens
An obsolete term for vertical strabismus in which the visual axis of one eye deviates downward. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strabismus sursum vergens
An obsolete term for a vertical strabismus in which the visual axis of one eye deviates upward. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strabotome
An obsolete instrument for use in a strabotomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

straddling embolism
Embolism occurring at the bifurcation of an artery and blocking more or less completely both branches. ... Synonym: riding embolism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

straggle
1. To wander from the direct course or way; to rove; to stray; to wander from the line of march or desert the line of battle; as, when troops are on the march, the men should not straggle. ... 2. To wander at large; to roam idly about; to ramble. 'The wolf spied out a straggling kid.' (L'Estrange) ... 3. To escape or stretch beyond proper limits, as …

straight
1. Right, in a mathematical sense; passing from one point to another by the nearest course; direct; not deviating or crooked; as, a straight line or course; a straight piece of timber. 'And the crooked shall be made straight.' (Isa. Xl. 4) 'There are many several sorts of crooked lines, but there is only one which is straight.' (Dryden) ... 2. <b …

straight back syndrome
<syndrome> Loss of the normal concavity of the thoracolumbar spine with a narrowed anteroposterior chest dimension, resulting compression of the heart between spine and sternum, and consequent prominent precordial pulsations, an ejection murmur, and radiologic evidence of a widened cardiac silhouette (pancaked heart). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

straight gyrus
A gyrus running along the medial part of the orbital surface of the frontal lobe of the cerebral hemisphere. It is bounded laterally by the olfactory sulcus. ... Synonym: gyrus rectus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

straight seminiferous tubule
The continuation of the tubulus seminifer contortus which becomes straight just before entering the mediastinum to form the rete testis. ... Synonym: tubulus renalis rectus, tubulus seminifer rectus, collecting tubule, straight tubule, tubulus rectus, tubulus rectus, vasa recta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

straight tubule
One of the straight tubules of the kidney, present in the medulla and pars radiata of the cortex. ... Synonym: straight seminiferous tubule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

straight venules of kidney
Venules that drain the medullary pyramids of the kidney; they open into arcuate veins. ... Synonym: venulae rectae renis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strain
A tearing injury to muscle. Usually causes some degree of bleeding within the muscle tissue (haematoma). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

strain birefringence
Synonym for birefringence ... <chemistry> Optical property of a material in which the refractive index is different for light polarized in one plane compared to the orthogonal plane. ... May arise from molecular organisation of the material (form birefringence.), alignment of molecules due to tension (stress birefringence.) or alignment of rod …

strain development
Improving the genetics of an organism so that it carries out a biotechnological process more effectively. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

strain fracture
The tearing off, by a sudden force, of a piece of bone attached to a tendon, ligament, or capsule; the force may be exogenous or endogenous. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strain gauge
A device, employing the Wheatstone bridge principle, used for accurate measurement of forces such as strain, stress, or pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strait
Origin: OE. Straight, streit, OF. Estreit, estroit. See Strait, a. ... 1. A narrow pass or passage. 'He brought him through a darksome narrow strait To a broad gate all built of beaten gold.' (Spenser) 'Honor travels in a strait so narrow Where one but goes abreast.' (Shak) ... 2. <geography> Specifically: A (comparatively) narrow passageway co …

straitjacket
A garment-like device with long sleeves that can be secured to restrain a violently disturbed person. ... Synonym: camisole. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strake
1. A streak. .'White strake.' . ... 2. An iron band by which the fellies of a wheel are secured to each other, being not continuous, as the tire is, but made up of separate pieces. ... 3. One breadth of planks or plates forming a continuous range on the bottom or sides of a vessel, reaching from the stem to the stern; a streak. ... The planks or plate …

stramineous
Straw-coloured. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

strand
<geography> The shore, especially the beach of a sea, ocean, or large lake; rarely, the margin of a navigable river. Strand birds. ... <zoology> The brown hyena. ... Origin: AS. Strand; akin to D, G, Sw, & Dan. Strand, Icel. Strond. ... (26 Nov 1998) ...

Strandberg
James Victor., Swedish dermatologist, *1883. ... See: Gronblad-Strandberg syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strangalesthesia
Synonym: zonesthesia. ... Origin: G. Strangale, halter, + aisthesis, sensation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strange
1. Belonging to another country; foreign. 'To seek strange strands.' 'One of the strange queen's lords.' (Shak) 'I do not contemn the knowledge of strange and divers tongues.' (Ascham) ... 2. Of or pertaining to others; not one's own; not pertaining to one's self; not domestic. 'So she, impatient her own faults to see, Turns from herself, and in str …

stranger
1. One who is strange, foreign, or unknown. Specifically: ... One who comes from a foreign land; a foreigner. 'I am a most poor woman and a stranger, Born out of your dominions.' (Shak) ... One whose home is at a distance from the place where he is, but in the same country. ... One who is unknown or unacquainted; as, the gentleman is a stranger to me; …

strangle
To suffocate; to choke; to compress the trachea so as to prevent sufficient passage of air. ... Origin: G. Strangaloo, to choke, fr. Strangale, a halter ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strangulated
1. <medicine> Having the circulation stopped by compression; attended with arrest or obstruction of circulation, caused by constriction or compression; as, a strangulated hernia. ... 2. <botany> Contracted at irregular intervals, if tied with a ligature; constricted. Strangulated hernia. ... <medicine> See Hernia. ... Source: Webster …

strangulated hernia
An incarcerated hernia which results in lack of blood perfusion to the herniated tissue or viscera. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

strangulation
1. The act of strangling, or the state of being strangled. ... 2. <medicine> Inordinate compression or constriction of a tube or part, as of the throat; especially, such as causes a suspension of breathing, of the passage of contents, or of the circulation, as in cases of hernia. ... Origin: L. Strangulatio: cf. F. Strangulation. See Strangle.< …

strangury
1. <medicine> A painful discharge of urine, drop by drop, produced by spasmodic muscular contraction. ... 2. <botany> A swelling or other disease in a plant, occasioned by a ligature fastened tightly about it. ... Origin: L. Stranguria, Gr., a drop + to make water, urine: cf. F. Strangurie. See Strangle, and Urine. ... Source: Websters Dic …

strap
1. A long, narrow, pliable strip of leather, cloth, or the like; specifically, a strip of thick leather used in flogging. 'A lively cobbler that . . . Had scarce passed a day without giving her [his wife] the discipline of the strap.' (Addison) ... 2. Something made of such a strip, or of a part of one, or a combination of two or more for a particul …

strap cell
An elongated tumour cell of uniform width that may show cross-striations; found in rhabdomyosarcoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strap muscles
Synonym for infrahyoid muscles ... The small, flat muscles inferior to the hyoid bone including the sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid, and levator muscle of the thyroid gland. ... Synonym: musculi infrahyoidei, strap muscles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Strassburg, Gustav
<person> German physiologist, *1848. ... See: Strassburg's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Strassburg's test
A test for bile in the urine; albumin, if present, is precipitated, then cane sugar is added and filter paper is dipped in the fluid and dried; if bile pigments are present in the urine, sulfuric acid will turn the filter paper a reddish violet. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Strassman, Paul
<person> German gynecologist, 1866-1938. ... See: Strassman's phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Strassman's phenomenon
In the third stage of labour, failure of placental detachment indicated by transmission of pressure from the fundus uteri to the umbilical vein which becomes engorged; obsolete term. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strata
Plural of stratum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

strategy
1. The science of military command, or the science of projecting campaigns and directing great military movements; generalship. ... 2. The use of stratagem or artifice. 3. A plan of action encompassing the methods to be adopted from beginning to end of a task or endeavor, focussing on the general methods; contrasted with tactics, which is a plan for …

stratification
The use of chemical and mechanical systems to break dormancy and increase germination. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

stratified
Arranged in the form of layers or strata. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stratified epithelium
<pathology> An epithelium composed of multiple layers of cells, only the basal layer being in contact with the basal lamina. ... The basal layer is of stem cells that divide to produce the cells of the upper layers, in skin, these become heavily keratinised before dying and being shed as squames. Stratified epithelia usually have a mechanical …

stratified sample
A subset of a total population, defined by some objective criterion such as age or occupation, is sampled. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stratified squamous epithelium
An epithelium consisting of several layers of keratin containing cells in which the surface cells are flattened and scale-like and the deeper cells are polyhedral in form. Keratin filaments become progressively more abundant toward the surface, which on the dry surfaces of the body may consist of a layer of dead corneocytes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stratified thrombus
Synonym for mixed thrombus ... A laminated thrombus, the layers of different ages being of different colour or consistency. ... Synonym: stratified thrombus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stratigraphy
Refers to the origin, composition, distribution and succession of geologic strata (layers). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

stratographic analysis
A former term for chromatography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stratum
A layer of vegetation used to determine dominant species in a plant community. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

stratum aculeatum
An obsolete term for stratum spinosum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stratum album profundum
Synonym for deep gray layer of superior colliculus ... A layer of myelinated fibres, the deepest layer of the colliculus superior, delimiting the latter from the central gray substance surrounding the cerebral aqueduct. ... Synonym: stratum album profundum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stratum basale
The outermost layer of the endometrium which undergoes only minimal changes during the menstrual cycle. ... Synonym: basal layer. ... Synonym: stratum basale epidermidis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stratum basale epidermidis
The deepest layer of the epidermis, composed of dividing stem cells and anchoring cells. ... Synonym: basal cell layer, columnar layer, germinative layer, palisade layer, stratum basale, stratum cylindricum, stratum germinativum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stratum cerebrale retinae
Synonym for cerebral layer of retina ... The internal layer of the retina containing the neural elements, as distinguished from the outer leaf of the retina, or pigmented layer. ... Synonym: pars optica retinae, neural layer of retina, optic part of retina, stratum cerebrale retinae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stratum circulare membranae tympani
Circular fibres deep to the radiate layer of the membrane that are more abundant near the periphery; not present in the pars flaccida. ... Synonym: circular layer of tympanic membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stratum circulare tunicae
Synonym for circular layer of muscular coat ... The inner, circular layer of the smooth muscle of the muscular coat. Nomina Anatomica lists circular layers of muscular coats (stratum circulare tunicae muscularis...) of the following: 1) colon (... Coli ); 2) rectum (... Recti ); 3) small intestine (... Intestini tenuis ); 4) stomach (... Gastrici ). …

stratum compactum
The superficial layer of decidual tissue in the pregnant uterus, in which the interglandular tissue preponderates. ... Synonym: compacta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

stratum corneum epidermidis
The outer layer of the epidermis, consisting of several layers of flat keratinised non-nucleated cells. ... Synonym: corneal layer of epidermis, horny layer of epidermis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...