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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

sporicidal
Lethal to spores. ... Origin: spori-+ L. Caedo, to kill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sporicide
An agent that kills spores. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sporidesmins
A group of related mycotoxins produced by the pasture fungus pithomyces chartarum (formerly sporidesmium bakeri); causes liver damage and facial eczema in cattle and sheep. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sporo-
Seed, spore. ... Origin: G. Sporos ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sporoagglutination
A diagnostic method in relation to the mycoses, based upon the fact that the blood of patients with diseases caused by fungi contains specific agglutinins that cause clumping of the spores of these organisms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sporoblast
An early stage in the development of a sporocyst prior to differentiation of the sporozoites. ... See: oocyst, sporocyst, pansporoblast. ... Synonym: zygotomere. ... Origin: sporo-+ G. Blastos, germ ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sporocarp
A fruiting body containing sporangia. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

sporocyst
1. <zoology> An asexual zooid, usually forming one of a series of larval forms in the agamic reproduction of various trematodes and other parasitic worms. The sporocyst generally develops from an egg, but in its turn produces other larvae by internal budding, or by the subdivision of a part or all of its contents into a number of minute germs …

Sporocystinea
In older classification schemes, a suborder of Coccidia in which the sporoblasts develop sporocysts. ... Origin: sporo + G. Kystis, bladder ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sporodochium
In fungi, a cushion-shaped stroma covered with conidiophores. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sporogenous
Of cells or tissues, in which spores are formed. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

sporont
The zygote stage within the oocyst wall in the life cycle of coccidia; gives rise to sporoblasts, which form sporocysts, within which the infective sporozoites are produced. ... Origin: sporo-+ G. On (ont-), being ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sporophyll
A specialised leaf-like organ on which one or more sporangia are borne. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

sporophyte
Spore producing plant generation. The dominant generation in pteridophytes and higher plants and alternates with the gametophyte generation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sporoplasm
The protoplasm of a spore. ... Origin: sporo-+ G. Plasma, thing formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sporopollenin
<protein> Polymer of carotenoids, found in the exine of the pollen wall. Extremely resistant to chemical or enzymic degradation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sporotheca
The envelope enclosing the minute needle-like spores of certain Sporozoea. ... Origin: sporo-+ G. Theke, case ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sporothrix
A genus of dimorphic imperfect fungi, including the species Sporothrix schenckii, an organism of worldwide distribution and the causative agent of sporotrichosis in man and animals, which grows in soil or vegetation, especially in thorny bushes, and is acquired by man when infected thorns are introduced into subcutaneous tissues; at 37°C it grows a …

sporothrix granuloma
<dermatology> A fungal skin infection caused by the fungus Sporothrix schenckii and commonly seen in gardeners. ... (06 Mar 1998) ...

sporotrichosis
<dermatology> A chronic fungal infection caused by Sporothrix schenckii. A granulomatous infection that usually involves the skin and superficial lymph nodes. ... (06 Mar 1998) ...

sporotrichositic chancre
The initial lesion at the site of skin infection in sporotrichosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sporotrichum
A genus of imperfect fungi (Hyphomycetes) that are usually common contaminants. ... Origin: Mod. L. Fr. G. Sporos, seed, + thrix, hair ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sporozoa
Nonmotile parasitic protozoa. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

sporozoan
1. An individual organism of the class Sporozoea. ... Synonym: sporozoon. ... 2. Relating to the Sporozoea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sporozoasida
Synonym for sporozoea ... A class of homoxenous or heteroxenous parasitic protozoa exhibiting both sexual and asexual phases. Locomotion is by body flexion, gliding, or undulations of longitudinal ridges. Pseudopods, if present, are used only for feeding. It comprises three subclasses: gregarinia, coccidia, and piroplasmia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sporozoea
A class of homoxenous or heteroxenous parasitic protozoa exhibiting both sexual and asexual phases. Locomotion is by body flexion, gliding, or undulations of longitudinal ridges. Pseudopods, if present, are used only for feeding. It comprises three subclasses: gregarinia, coccidia, and piroplasmia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sporozoea infections
Infections with protozoa of the class sporozoea. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sporozoite
One of the minute elongated bodies resulting from the repeated division of the oocyst during sporogony. In the case of the malarial parasite, it is the form that is concentrated in the salivary glands and introduced into the blood by the bite of a mosquito; it enters the liver cells (exoerythrocytic cycle), whose progeny, the merozoites, infect the …

sporozooid
An obsolete term for a falciform figure seen in certain cancerous tumours, formerly regarded by some as a sporozoan spore or sporozoite. ... Origin: sporo-+ G. Zoon, animal, + eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sporozoon
Synonym for sporozoan ... 1. An individual organism of the class Sporozoea. ... Synonym: sporozoon. ... 2. Relating to the Sporozoea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sport
1. That which diverts, and makes mirth; pastime; amusement. 'It is as sport a fool do mischief.' (prov. X. 23) 'Her sports were such as carried riches of knowledge upon the stream of delight.' (Sir P. Sidney) 'Think it but a minute spent in sport.' (Shak) ... 2. Mock; mockery; contemptuous mirth; derision. 'Then make sport at me; then let me be your …

sporting
Of pertaining to, or engaging in, sport or sporrts; exhibiting the character or conduct of one who, or that which, sports. Sporting book, a book containing a record of bets, gambling operations, and the like. Sporting house, a house frequented by sportsmen, gamblers, and the like. Sporting man, one who practices field sports; also, a horse racer, a …

sports
Activities or games, usually involving physical effort or skill. Reasons for engagement in sports include pleasure, competition, and/or financial reward. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sports equipment
Equipment required for engaging in a sport (such as balls, bats, rackets, skis, skates, ropes, weights) and devices for the protection of athletes during their performance (such as masks, gloves, mouth pieces). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sports medicine
The field of medicine concerned with physical fitness and the diagnosis and treatment of injuries sustained in sports activities. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sporular
Relating to a spore or sporule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spot
1. A mark on a substance or body made by foreign matter; a blot; a place discoloured. 'Out, damned spot! Out, I say!' (Shak) ... 2. A stain on character or reputation; something that soils purity; disgrace; reproach; fault; blemish. 'Yet Chloe, sure, was formed without a spot.' (Pope) ... 3. A small part of a different colour from the main part, or f …

spot desmosome
<cell biology> Macula adherens: ... See: desmosome. ... Origin: Gr. Soma = body ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spot film
A radiograph made during the course of an examination under fluoroscopic control, with a device attached to the fluoroscope. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spot seeding
Seeding of woody plant seeds on random spots to blend in with the landscape. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

spot-film radiography
An X-ray of a localised region, usually under study by fluoroscopy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spotted
Marked with spots; as, a spotted garment or character. 'The spotted panther. ... <medicine> ' Spotted fever, a name applied to various eruptive fevers, especially. To typhus fever and cerebro-spinal meningitis. ... <botany> Spotted tree, an Australian tree (Flindersia maculosa); so called because its bark falls off in spots. ... Source: We …

spotted fever
Synonym for rocky mountain spotted fever ... <infectious disease> An acute febrile (feverish) disease initially recognised in the Rocky Mountain states, caused by Rickettsia rickettsii transmitted by hard-shelled (ixodid) ticks. Occurs only in the Western Hemisphere. ... The disease is characterised by sudden onset of headache, chills and fever …

spotted sickness
Synonym for pinta ... An infectious disease of the skin caused by treponema carateum that occurs only in the western hemisphere. Age of onset is between 10 and 20 years of age. This condition is characterised by marked changes in the skin colour and is believed to be transmitted by direct person-to-person contact. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spotting
A slight discharge of blood via the vagina, especially as a side effect of oral contraceptives. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spouse
1. A man or woman engaged or joined in wedlock; a married person, husband or wife. 'At last such grace I found, and means I wrought, That that lady to my spouse had won.' (Spenser) ... 2. A married man, in distinct from a spousess or married woman; a bridegroom or husband. 'At which marriage was [were] no person present but the spouse, the spousess, …

spouse abuse
Deliberate severe and repeated injury to one domestic partner by the other. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spouses
Men or women joined in wedlock; married persons; husbands or wives. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spout
1. To throw out forcibly and abudantly, as liquids through an office or a pipe; to eject in a jet; as, an elephant spouts water from his trunk. 'Who kept Jonas in the fish's maw Till he was spouted up at Ninivee?' (Chaucer) 'Next on his belly floats the mighty whale . . . He spouts the tide.' (Creech) ... 2. To utter magniloquently; to recite in an …

sprain
A tearing injury to ligaments. Sprains can be minor, with only a slight stress to the ligament or may be severe with total separation of a ligament that supports a joint. ... Sprain (knee joint): Any injury to one of six different ligaments which stabilise the knee joint. Those ligaments include: medial and lateral collaterals, medial and lateral me …

sprain fracture
An avulsion fracture in which a small portion of adjacent bone has been pulled or pushed off. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sprains and strains
A collective term for muscle and ligament injuries without dislocation or fracture. A sprain is a joint injury in which some of the fibres of a supporting ligament are ruptured but the continuity of the ligament remains intact. A strain is an overstretching or overexertion of some part of the musculature. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sprat
<zoology> A small European herring (Clupea sprattus) closely allied to the common herring and the pilchard; called also garvie. The name is also applied to small herring of different kinds. ... A California surf-fish (Rhacochilus toxotes); called also alfione, and perch. ... <zoology> Sprat borer, the kittiwake gull. ... Origin: OE. Sprot, …

sprawl
1. To spread and stretch the body or limbs carelessly in a horizontal position; to lie with the limbs stretched out ungracefully. ... 2. To spread irregularly, as vines, plants, or tress; to spread ungracefully, as chirography. ... 3. To move, when lying down, with awkward extension and motions of the limbs; to scramble in creeping. 'The birds were n …

spray
A liquid minutely divided or nebulised as by a jet of air of steam. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

spread
1. To extend in length and breadth, or in breadth only; to stretch or expand to a broad or broader surface or extent; to open; to unfurl; as, to spread a carpet; to spread a tent or a sail. 'He bought a parcel of a field where he had spread his tent.' (Gen. Xxxiii. 19) 'Here the Rhone Hath spread himself a couch.' (Byron) ... 2. To extend so as to c …

spreader
1. An instrument used to distribute a substance over a surface or area. ... 2. A device for spacing or parting structures. ... Gutta-percha spreader, an instrument used in dentistry for condensing gutta-percha laterally in a root canal. ... Rib spreader, an instrument for widening the space between ribs in intrathoracic operations. ... Root canal sprea …

spreader stoker furnace
A furnace in which fuel is automatically or mechanically spread. Part of the fuel is burned in suspension. Large pieces fall on a grate. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

spreading depression
A decrease of activity evoked by local stimulation of the cerebral cortex and spreading slowly over the whole cortex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spreading factor
Synonym for hyaluronidase ... <enzyme> Enzyme that degrades hyaluronic acid, found in lysosomes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sprengel deformity
<radiology> Congenital elevation of scapula, rotated may lead to inferior edge points medially, uni- or bilateral, almost always associated with Klippel-Feil syndrome, with or without omocervical (or omovertebral) bones: joins scapula to C5 or C6 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Sprengel, Otto
<person> German surgeon, 1852-1915. ... See: Sprengel's deformity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sprengel's deformity
Congenital elevation of the scapula. ... Synonym: scapula elevata. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sprig
1. A small shoot or twig of a tree or other plant; a spray; as, a sprig of laurel or of parsley. ... 2. A youth; a lad; used humorously or in slight disparagement. 'A sprig whom I remember, with a whey-face and a satchel, not so many years ago.' (Sir W. Scott) ... 3. A brad, or nail without a head. ... 4. A small eyebolt ragged or barbed at the point. …

spring
1. To leap; to bound; to jump. 'The mountain stag that springs From height to height, and bounds along the plains.' (Philips) ... 2. To issue with speed and violence; to move with activity; to dart; to shoot. 'And sudden light Sprung through the vaulted roof.' (Dryden) ... 3. To start or rise suddenly, as from a covert. 'Watchful as fowlers when thei …

spring conjunctivitis
Synonym for vernal conjunctivitis ... A chronic, bilateral conjunctival inflammation with photophobia and intense itching that recurs seasonally during warm weather; characterised in the palpebral form by cobblestone papillae in the upper palpebral conjunctiva and in the bulbar form by gelatinous nodules adjacent to the corneoscleral limbus. ... Syno …

spring finger
Synonym for trigger finger ... An affection in which the movement of the finger is arrested for a moment in flexion or extension and then continues with a jerk. ... Synonym: jerk finger, lock finger, snap finger, spring finger, stuck finger. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spring lancet
A lancet with a handle containing a blade that is activated by a spring. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spring ligament
Synonym for plantar calcaneonavicular ligament ... <anatomy> A dense fibroelastic ligament that extends from the sustentaculum tali to the plantar surface of the navicular bone; it supports the head of the talus. ... Synonym: ligamentum calcaneonaviculare plantare, inferior calcaneonavicular ligament, spring ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spring ophthalmia
Synonym for vernal conjunctivitis ... A chronic, bilateral conjunctival inflammation with photophobia and intense itching that recurs seasonally during warm weather; characterised in the palpebral form by cobblestone papillae in the upper palpebral conjunctiva and in the bulbar form by gelatinous nodules adjacent to the corneoscleral limbus. ... Syno …

spring-run fish
<marine biology> Anadromous fish that return to fresh water in the spring, migrate to spawning areas and spawn during late summer or early autumn. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

springbuck
<zoology> A South African gazelle (Gazella euchore) noted for its graceful form and swiftness, and for its peculiar habit of springing lighty and suddenly into the air. It has a white dorsal stripe, expanding into a broad patch of white on the rump and tail. ... Synonym: springer. ... Alternative forms: springboc, and springbock. ... Origin: D. …

springer
1. One who, or that which, springs; specifically, one who rouses game. ... 2. A young plant. ... 3. The impost, or point at which an arch rests upon its support, and from which it seems to spring. Hence: The bottom stone of an arch, which lies on the impost. The skew back is one form of springer. ... The rib of a groined vault, as being the solid abut …

springing
1. The act or process of one who, or that which, springs. ... 2. Growth; increase; also, that which springs up; a shoot; a plant. 'Thou blessest the springing thereof.' (Ps. Lxv. 10) Springing line of an arch, the horizontal line drawn through the junction of the vertical face of the impost with the curve of the intrados. ... Synonym: spring of an ar …

springtail
<zoology> Any one of numerous species of small apterous insects belonging to the order Thysanura. ... They have two elastic caudal stylets which can be bent under the abdomen and then suddenly extended like a spring, thus enabling them to leap to a considerable distance. See Collembola, and Podura. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

sprinkle
1. To scatter in small drops or particles, as water, seed, etc. ... 2. To scatter on; to disperse something over in small drops or particles; to besprinkle; as, to sprinkle the earth with water; to sprinkle a floor with sand. ... 3. To baptize by the application of a few drops, or a small quantity, of water; hence, to cleanse; to purify. 'Having our …

sprout
1. <plant biology> To shoot, as the seed of a plant; to germinate; to push out new shoots; hence, to grow like shoots of plants. The shoot of a plant; a shoot from the seed, from the stump, or from the root or tuber, of a plant or tree; more rarely, a shoot from the stem of a plant, or the end of a branch. ... Origin: OE. Sprouten, spruten; ak …

sprouting
<cell biology> Production of new processes (outgrowths) by nerve cells, for example by embryonic neurons undergoing primary differentiation, by adult neurons in response to nervous system damage or by dissociated neurons redifferentiating in culture. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

spruce
1. <botany> Any coniferous tree of the genus Picea, as the Norway spruce (P. Excelsa), and the white and black spruces of America (P. Alba and P. Nigra), besides several others in the far Northwest. See Picea. ... 2. The wood or timber of the spruce tree. ... 3. Prussia leather; pruce. 'Spruce, a sort of leather corruptly so called for Prussia …

sprue
<gastroenterology> An inherited disease where the intestinal lining is inflamed in response to the ingestion of a protein known as gluten. Gluten is present in many grains including rye, oats, barley and triticale. ... Symptoms in infants include diarrhoea, slow growth, bloody stools, weight loss, vomiting and clay-coloured stools. Symptoms in …

sprue - coeliac disease
<radiology> Gluten enteropathy, coeliac disease (kids), nontropical sprue (adults), hypersensitivity to gluten, treatment: remove gluten from diet, tropical sprue, clinically and radiologically similar to nontropical sprue, treatment: folate, B-12, antibiotics, associated with ** transient intussusception, oesophageal carcinoma and small bowe …

sprue-former
The base to which the sprue is attached while the wax pattern is being invested in a refractory investment in a casting flask; it is sometimes referred to as a crucible-former. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sprue, nontropical
This condition results from an immune (allergic) reaction to gluten, a protein found in wheat and related grains and present in many foods that we eat. Sprue causes impaired absorption and digestion of nutrients through the small intestine. Symptoms include requent diarrhoea and weight loss. A skin condition called dermatitis herpetiformis can be a …

sprue, tropical
A malabsorption syndrome occurring in the tropics and subtropics. Protein malnutrition is usually precipitated by the malabsorption, and anaemia due to folic acid deficiency is particularly common. Administration of antibiotics (especially tetracycline) and folic acid usually results in remission. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

spud
A triangular knife used for removing foreign bodies from the cornea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Spumavirinae
A subfamily of viruses (family Retroviridae) that includes the foamy viruses (agents) of primates and other mammals; in common with other retroviruses, they possess RNA-dependent DNA polymerases (reverse transcriptase). ... Origin: L. Spuma, foam ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spumavirus
Genus of non-oncogenic retroviruses which establish persistent infections in many animal species but are considered non-pathogenic. Its organisms have been isolated from primates (including man), cattle, cats, hamsters, and sea lions. Spumaviruses have a foamy or lace-like appearance and are often accompanied by syncytium formation. Human spumaviru …

spunk
1. Wood that readily takes fire; touchwood; also, a kind of tinder made from a species of fungus; punk; amadou. ... 2. An inflammable temper; spirit; mettle; pluck; as, a man of spunk. 'A lawless and dangerous set, men of spunk, and spirit, and power, both of mind and body.' (Prof. Wilson) ... Origin: Gael. Spong, or Ir. Sponc, tinder, sponge; cf. AS …

spur
<botany> A tubular pouch at the base of a perianth part, often containing nectar. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

spurge
<botany> Any plant of the genus Euphobia. See Euphorbia. Spurge flax, an evergreen shrub (Daphne Gnidium) with crowded narrow leaves. ... It is native of Southern Europe. Spurge laurel, a European shrub (Daphne Laureola) with oblong evergreen leaves. Spurge nettle. See Nettle. Spurge olive, an evergreen shrub (Daphne oleoides) found in the Med …

spurious
1. Not proceeding from the true source, or from the source pretended; not genuine; false; adulterate. ... 2. Not legitimate; bastard; as, spurious issue. 'Her spurious firstborn. ... <zoology>' Spurious primary, or Spurious quill, the bastard wing, or alula. ... Synonym: Counterfeit, false, adulterate, supposititious, fictitious, bastard. ... Ori …

spurious ankylosis
extracapsular ankylosis ...

spurious cast
Synonym for false cast ... <nephrology> An elongated, ribbon-like mucous thread with poorly defined edges and pointed or split ends, often confused with a true urinary cast. ... Synonym: cylindroid, mucous cast, pseudocast, spurious cast. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spurious meningocele
An extracranial or extraspinal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid, due to meningeal tear. ... Synonym: traumatic meningocele. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spurious pregnancy
Synonym for false pregnancy ... <obstetrics, psychiatry> A condition in which some signs and symptoms suggest pregnancy, although the woman is not pregnant. ... Synonym: hysterical pregnancy, pseudocyesis, pseudopregnancy, spurious pregnancy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spurious torticollis
Stiffness of the neck due to caries, malformation, or fracture of the cervical vertebrae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

spurn
1. A kick; a blow with the foot. 'What defence can properly be used in such a despicable encounter as this but either the slap or the spurn?' (Milton) ... 2. Disdainful rejection; contemptuous tratment. 'The insolence of office and the spurns That patient merit of the unworthy takes.' (Shak) ... 3. <chemical> A body of coal left to sustain an o …

spurs, heel
Pointed bony outgrowths at the back of the heel or under the heel beneath the sole of the foot. Heel spurs at the back of the heel are associated with inflammation of the achilles tendon (tendinitis) and cause tenderness and pain at the back of the heel made worse while pushing off the ball of the foot. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sputter
1. To spit, or to emit saliva from the mouth in small, scattered portions, as in rapid speaking. ... 2. To utter words hastily and indistinctly; to speak so rapidly as to emit saliva. 'They could neither of them speak their rage, and so fell a sputtering at one another, like two roasting apples.' (Congreve) ... 3. To throw out anything, as little jet …

sputtering
<radiobiology> Process by which atoms are ejected from a solid surface by bombardment with plasma particles. ... See: radiation damage, surface. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...