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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

Pirenella
A genus of marine and brackish water operculate (prosobranch) snails. Pirenella conica is the initial intermediate host of Heterophyes heterophyes, the fish-borne fluke of humans and fish-eating birds and mammals along the Mediterranean and Red Sea coasts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pirenzepine
<chemical> 5,11-dihydro-11-((4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)acetyl)-6h-pyrido(2,3-b)(1,4)benzodiazepin-6-one. An antimuscarinic agent that inhibits gastric secretion at lower doses than are required to affect gastrointestinal motility, salivary, central nervous system, cardiovascular, ocular, and urinary function. It promotes the healing of duodenal …

piretanide
High ceiling loop diuretic similar to bumetanide and furosemide; used as a diuretic in hypertension and congestive heart failure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piribedil
<chemical> A dopamine d2 agonist. It is used in the treatment of parkinson disease, particularly for alleviation of tremor. It has also been used for circulatory disorders and in other applications as a d2 agonist. ... Pharmacological action: antiparkinson agents, dopamine agonists. ... Chemical name: Pyrimidine, 2-(4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-ylmethy …

Pirie, George
<person> Scottish radiologist, 1864-1929. ... See: Pirie's bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pirie's bone
Synonym for dorsal talonavicular bone ... An anomalous bone of the foot located near the head of the talus. ... Synonym: Pirie's bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piriform
Pear-shaped. ... Synonym: pyriform. ... Origin: L. Pirum, pear, + forma, form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piriform area
Synonym for piriform cortex ... The olfactory cortex, corresponding to the rostral half of the uncus; receiving its major afferents from the olfactory bulb, it is classified as allocortex. ... See: cerebral cortex. ... Synonym: olfactory cortex, piriform area. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piriform cortex
The olfactory cortex, corresponding to the rostral half of the uncus; receiving its major afferents from the olfactory bulb, it is classified as allocortex. ... See: cerebral cortex. ... Synonym: olfactory cortex, piriform area. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piriform fossa
A recess in the anterolateral wall of the nasopharynx on each side of the vestible of the larynx separated from it by the aryepiglottic folds. ... Synonym: recessus piriformis, piriform recess, piriform sinus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piriform muscle
Synonym for piriformis ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, margins of pelvic sacral foramina and greater sciatic notch of ilium; insertion, upper border of greater trochanter; action, rotates thigh laterally; nerve supply, nerve to piriformis (sciatic plexus). ... Synonym: musculus piriformis, musculus pyriformis, piriform muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) …

piriform neuron layer
The layer of Purkinje cells between the molecular and granular layers of the cerebellar cortex. ... Synonym: stratum neuronorum piriformium, ganglionic layer of cerebellar cortex, layer of piriform neurons, Purkinje's layer, stratum gangliosum cerebelli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piriform opening
Synonym for anterior nasal aperture ... The anterior nasal opening in the skull. ... Synonym: apertura piriformis, piriform opening. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piriform recess
Synonym for piriform fossa ... A recess in the anterolateral wall of the nasopharynx on each side of the vestible of the larynx separated from it by the aryepiglottic folds. ... Synonym: recessus piriformis, piriform recess, piriform sinus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piriform sinus
Synonym for piriform fossa ... A recess in the anterolateral wall of the nasopharynx on each side of the vestible of the larynx separated from it by the aryepiglottic folds. ... Synonym: recessus piriformis, piriform recess, piriform sinus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piriformis
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, margins of pelvic sacral foramina and greater sciatic notch of ilium; insertion, upper border of greater trochanter; action, rotates thigh laterally; nerve supply, nerve to piriformis (sciatic plexus). ... Synonym: musculus piriformis, musculus pyriformis, piriform muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pirinitramide
<chemical> 1'-(3-cyano-3,3-diphenylpropyl)-(1,4'-bipiperidine)-4'-carboxamide. A diphenylpropylamine with intense narcotic analgesic activity of long duration. It is a derivative of meperidine with similar activity and usage. ... Pharmacological action: analgesics, opioid, narcotics. ... Chemical name: (1,4'-Bipiperidine)-4'-carboxamide, 1'-(3- …

Pirogoff, Nikolai
<person> Russian surgeon, 1810-1881. ... See: Pirogoff's amputation, Pirogoff's angle, Pirogoff's triangle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pirogoff's amputation
Amputation of the foot; the lower articular surfaces of the tibia and fibula are sawed through and the ends covered with a portion of the os calcis which has also been sawed through from above posteriorly downward and forward. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pirogoff's angle
Synonym for venous angle ... The junction of the internal jugular and subclavian veins, toward which converge the external and the anterior jugular and the vertebral veins, the thoracic duct in the left angle and the right lymphatic duct in the right angle. ... Synonym: Pirogoff's angle. ... In neuroradiology, the angle of union of the superior thalam …

Pirogoff's triangle
A triangle formed by the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle, the posterior border of the mylohyoid muscle, and the hypoglossal nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piromen
A sterile, nonprotein, nonanaphylactogenic extract of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus vulgaris. The active components are bacterial polysaccharides of low toxicity; used in the treatment of certain allergic, dermatologic, and ophthalmic disorders. ... Synonym: pyromen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piromidic acid
<chemical> 8-ethyl-5,8-dihydro-5-oxo-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)pyrido (2,3-d)pyrimidine-6-carboxylic acid. Antibacterial against mainly gram negative organisms. It is used for urinary tract and intestinal infections. ... Pharmacological action: anti-infective agents, anti-infective agents, urinary. ... Chemical name: Pyrido(2,3-d)pyrimidine-6-carboxyli …

piroplasm
Class of Protista, Phylum Apicomplexa (Sporozoa or Telosporidea), which includes Babesia. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Piroplasma
Former name for Babesia. ... Origin: L. Pirum, pear, + G. Plasma, a thing formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piroplasmia
A subclass of heteroxenous parasitic protozoa usually transmitted by ticks. Its organisms are rod-shaped or amoeboid with conoid, oocysts, spores, and pseudocysts absent. Locomotion is by body flexion, gliding, or, in sexual stages, by large axopodium-like organelles. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

piroplasmida
An order of protozoa comprising heteroxenous tick-borne blood parasites. Representative genera include babesia, dactylosoma, and theileria. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

piroplasmosis
Synonym for babesiosis ... <microbiology> A rare, often severe (and sometimes fatal) illness in man that is caused by infection with the protozoal organism, Babesia microti. ... The disease, transmitted by ticks, occurs mostly in the Northeastern United States. The protozoan invades red blood cells causing fever, chills, sweats, joint pains, na …

piroxicam olamine
4-Hydroxy-2-methyl-N-2-pyridyl-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxamide-1,1-dioxide;a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic actions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pirprofen
3-Chloro-4-(3-pyrrolin-1-yl)hydratropic acid;an anti-inflammatory agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pirquet von Cesenatico, Clemens
<person> Austrian physician, 1874-1929. ... See: Pirquet's reaction, Pirquet's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pirquet's index
An obsolete method of establishing the presence of malnutrition by dividing the weight (grams/10) by the sitting height (in cm); the cube root of the quotient if &lt; 0.945 was considered as indicating malnutrition. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pirquet's reaction
Synonym for Pirquet's test ... A cutaneous tuberculin test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pirquet's test
A cutaneous tuberculin test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pisaster
Echinoderm of the Class Asteroidea, a starfish. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

pisatin
<protein> Phytoalexin produced by peas. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

pisatin demethylase
<enzyme> From plant pathogenic fungus nectria haematococca ... Registry number: EC 1.14.99.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

pisces
1. <astronomy> The twelfth sign of the zodiac, marked <pisces/ in almanacs. A zodiacal constellation, including the first point of Aries, which is the vernal equinoctial point; the Fish. ... 2. <zoology> The class of Vertebrata that includes the fishes. The principal divisions are Elasmobranchii, Ganoidei, and Teleostei. ... Origin: L. …

pisciform cataract
A hereditary cataract with bilateral fish-shaped opacities in the axial region of the foetal nucleus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piscine
Relating to, affecting, resembling or derived from a fish. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

pisiform bone
A small bone resembling a pea in size and shape, in the proximal row of the carpus, lying on the anterior surface of the triquetral with which alone it articulates; it gives insertion to the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle. ... Synonym: os pisiforme, lentiform bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pisohamate ligament
<anatomy> A strong fibrous band that extends from the pisiform bone to the hook of the hamate. ... Synonym: ligamentum pisohamatum, pisounciform ligament, pisouncinate ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pisometacarpal ligament
<anatomy> A strong fibrous band extending from the pisiform bone to the base of the fifth metacarpal bone; this ligament, together with the pisohamate ligament, forms the tendon of insertion of the flexor carpi ulnaris, in which the pisiform bone is like a sesamoid bone. ... Synonym: ligamentum pisometacarpeum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pisotriquetral joint
The synovial joint between the pisiform and triquetrum; it is separate from the other intercarpal joints. ... Synonym: articulatio ossis pisiformis, articulation of pisiform bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pisounciform ligament
Synonym for pisohamate ligament ... <anatomy> A strong fibrous band that extends from the pisiform bone to the hook of the hamate. ... Synonym: ligamentum pisohamatum, pisounciform ligament, pisouncinate ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pisouncinate ligament
Synonym for pisohamate ligament ... <anatomy> A strong fibrous band that extends from the pisiform bone to the hook of the hamate. ... Synonym: ligamentum pisohamatum, pisounciform ligament, pisouncinate ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

PISSLRE kinase
<enzyme> A cdc2-related protein kinase; contains a pstaire-motive; 38-45% identical with all cyclin-dependent kinases. ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

pistachio
<botany> The nut of the Pistacia vera, a tree of the order Anacardiaceae, containing a kernel of a pale greenish colour, which has a pleasant taste, resembling that of the almond, and yields an oil of agreeable taste and odour; called also pistachio nut. It is wholesome and nutritive. The tree grows in Arabia, Persia, Syria, and Sicily. ... Al …

pistil
The unit of female reproduction of a flower, may be comprised of a single carpel or two or more carpels united. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

pistillate
Said of a flower bearing a pistil or pistils but not stamens, may refer also to a plant having only pistillate flowers. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

pistillode
A sterile pistil, often rudimentary. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

pistol
The smallest firearm used, intended to be fired from one hand, now of many patterns, and bearing a great variety of names. Pistol carbine, a firearm with a removable but-piece, and thus capable of being used either as a pistol or a carbine. ... <chemistry> Pistol pipe, a pipe in which the blast for a furnace is heated, resembling a pistol in f …

pistol-shot femoral sound
A shotlike systolic sound heard over the femoral artery in high output states, especially aortic insufficiency; presumably due to sudden stretching of the elastic wall of the artery; pistol-shot sounds may also be heard over other relatively large arteries, e.g., brachial, radial. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pistol-shot sound
Sound created by lightly compressing an artery during aortic regurgitation; sometimes is audible without compression. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pistole
The name of certain gold coins of various values formerly coined in some countries of Europe. In Spain it was equivalent to a quarter doubloon, or about $3.90, and in Germany and Italy nearly the same. There was an old Italian pistole worth about $5.40. ... Origin: F, probably a name given in jest in France to a Spanish coin. Cf. Pistol. ... Source: …

piston
<machinery> A sliding piece which either is moved by, or moves against, fluid pressure. It usually consists of a short cylinder fitting within a cylindrical vessel along which it moves, back and forth. It is used in steam engines to receive motion from the steam, and in pumps to transmit motion to a fluid; also for other purposes. Piston head …

piston pulse
Synonym for water-hammer pulse ... <radiology> Corrigan's sign: increased pulse at wrist, aortic insufficiency, widened pulse pressure due to increased stroke volume, diastolic regurgitation ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pit
Region of the plant cell wall in which the secondary wall is interrupted, exposing the underlying primary cell wall. One or more plasmodesmata are usually present in the primary wall, communicating with the other half of a pit pair. May be simple or bordered, in the latter case, the secondary wall overarches the pit field. Do not confuse with coate …

pit and fissure caries
Caries initiated in the areas where developmental pits and fissures are located on the tooth surface. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pit and fissure sealants
Agents used to occlude dental enamel pits and fissures in the prevention of dental caries. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pit caries
A carious lesion, usually small, beginning in a pit on the labial, buccal, lingual, or occlusal surface of a tooth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pit of atlas for dens
Synonym for facet of atlas for dens ... A circular facet on the posterior (inner) surface of the anterior arch of the atlas which articulates with the dens of the axis. ... Synonym: fovea dentis atlantis, pit of atlas for dens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pit of head of femur
Synonym for fovea of the femoral head ... A depression on the extremity of the head of the femur giving attachment to the ligamentum teres femoris. ... Synonym: fovea capitis ossis femoris, pit of head of femur. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pit of stomach
Synonym for epigastric fossa ... The slight depression in the midline just inferior to the xiphoid process of the sternum. ... Synonym: fossa epigastrica, pit of stomach, scrobiculus cordis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pit, ear
Tiny pit in front of the ear. Also preauricular pit. A minor anomaly of no great consequence in itself. More common in blacks than whites and in females than males. Can recur in families. The presence of 2 or more minor anomalies in a child increases the probability that the child has a major malformation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

PITC
<abbreviation> Phenylisothiocyanate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pitcairn island
An island in polynesia, in the south pacific ocean. It was discovered in 1767 by philip carteret, uninhabited until 1790 when settled by mutineers from the english ship, bounty. The settlement was discovered in 1808; the population was removed temporarily to tahiti in 1831 and to norfolk island (between new caledonia and new zealand) in 1856. Some …

pitch
1. To throw, generally with a definite aim or purpose; to cast; to hurl; to toss; as, to pitch quoits; to pitch hay; to pitch a ball. ... 2. To thrust or plant in the ground, as stakes or poles; hence, to fix firmly, as by means of poles; to establish; to arrange; as, to pitch a tent; to pitch a camp. ... 3. To set, face, or pave with rubble or undre …

pitch angle
<physics> For a charged particle moving in a magnetic field, this is the angle arctan (v-perp/v-parallel), where v-parallel is the component of the particle's velocity parallel to the magnetic field, and v-perp is the perpendicular component. The pitch angle is zero when the particle moves purely parallel to the field, and 90-degrees when the …

pitch angle scattering
<physics> Scattering (collisional, or due to wave-particle effects) of particles in velocity space, in which the pitch angle (see entry above) is changed. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

pitch discrimination
The ability to differentiate tones. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pitch perception
A dimension of auditory sensation varying with cycles per second of the sound stimulus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pitch poisoning
A highly fatal disease of swine, usually caused by the ingestion of fragments of the clay pigeons used as targets by shooting clubs; some cases have been caused by consumption of other bituminous substances, such as road tar and tar paper. ... Synonym: clay pigeon poisoning. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pitch wart
A precancerous keratotic epidermal tumour, common among workers in pitch and coal tar derivatives. ... See: pitch-worker's cancer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pitch-worker's cancer
Carcinoma of the skin of the face or neck, arms and hands, or the scrotum, resulting from exposure to carcinogens in pitch, which occurs naturally as asphalt, or as a residue in the distillation of tar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pitcher
1. A wide-mouthed, deep vessel for holding liquids, with a spout or protruding lip and a handle; a water jug or jar with a large ear or handle. ... 2. <botany> A tubular or cuplike appendage or expansion of the leaves of certain plants. American pitcher plants, the species of Sarracenia. See Sarracenia. Australian pitcher plant, the Cephalotus …

pitching
1. The act of throwing or casting; a cast; a pitch; as, wild pitching in baseball. ... 2. The rough paving of a street to a grade with blocks of stone. ... 3. <physics> A facing of stone laid upon a bank to prevent wear by tides or currents. Pitching piece, the horizontal timber supporting the floor of a platform of a stairway, and against whic …

pith
The soft central portion of a plant stem inside the vascular cylinder. ... To destroy the brain of an animal (such as a frog or turtle) to render it unconscious prior to vivisection. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

pithecoid theory
The theory of human's descent with the ape from a common ancestor. ... See: darwinian theory. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pithode
The nuclear spindle in karyokinesis. ... Origin: G. Pithodes, like a jar, fr. Pithos, earthenware wine-jar, + eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pithy
1. Consisting wholly, or in part, of pith; abounding in pith; as, a pithy stem; a pithy fruit. ... 2. Having nervous energy; forceful; cogent. 'This pithy speech prevailed, and all agreed.' (Dryden) 'In all these Goodman Fact was very short, but pithy. ... <zoology>' (Addison) Pithy gall, a large, rough, furrowed, oblong gall, formed on blackbe …

pitiful
1. Full of pity; tender-hearted; compassionate; kind; merciful; sympathetic. 'The Lord is very pitiful, and of tender mercy.' (James v. 11) ... 2. Piteous; lamentable; eliciting compassion. 'A thing, indeed, very pitiful and horrible.' (Spenser) ... 3. To be pitied for littleness or meanness; miserable; paltry; contemptible; despicable. 'That's villa …

Pitot tube
A stationary L-shaped tube inserted in a fluid stream, with its opening upstream, and used for measuring the velocity of fluid movement at that point in terms of the pressure developed in the tube by the fluid impinging on it, compared to a second tube opening laterally or downstream. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pitot, Henri
<person> French engineer, 1695-1771. ... See: Pitot tube. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pitres, Jean
<person> French physician, 1848-1927. ... See: Pitres' area, Pitres' sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pitres' area
Prefrontal cortex of the cerebral hemisphere. ... See: frontal cortex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pitres' sign
<clinical sign> Diminished sensation in the testes and scrotum in tabes dorsalis. ... Synonym: haphalgesia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pitressin
Synonym for vasopressin ... <protein> A peptide hormone released from the posterior pituitary lobe but synthesised in the hypothalamus. There are 2 forms, differing only in the amino acid at position 8: arginine vasopressin is widespread, while lysine vasopressin is found in pigs. Has antidiuretic and vasopressor actions. Used in the treatment …

pitta
<ornithology> Any one of a large group of bright-coloured clamatorial birds belonging to Pitta, and allied genera of the family Pittidae. most of the species are varied with three or more colours, such as blue, green, crimson, yellow, purple, and black. They are called also ground thrushes, and Old World ant thrushes; but they are not related …

pitted keratolysis
Noninflammatory Gram-positive bacterial infection of the plantar surfaces producing small depressions in the stratum corneum, associated frequently with humidity and hyperhidrosis. ... Synonym: keratolysis plantare sulcatum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pitting
In dentistry, the formation of well defined, relatively deep depressions in a surface, usually used in describing defects in surfaces (often golds, solder joints, or amalgam). It may arise from a variety of causes, although the clinical occurrence is often associated with corrosion. ... See: pitting oedema, nail pits. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pitting oedema
Oedema that retains for a time the indentation produced by pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pittsburgh pneumonia
A variant of Legionnaires' disease caused by Legionella micdadei. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pittsburgh pneumonia agent
Synonym for Legionella micdadei ... A species that causes Pittsburgh pneumonia, a variant of Legionnaires' disease. Accounts for approximately 60% of Legionella pneumonias other than those caused by Legionella pneumophila. ... Synonym: Pittsburgh pneumonia agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pituicyte
Dominant intrinsic cells of the neural lobe of the hypophysis. Have long branching processes and resemble neuroglia: secrete antidiuretic hormone. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

pituicytoma
<tumour> A rare gliogenous neoplasm derived from pituicytes, occurring in the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland and characterised by cells with relatively small, round or oval nuclei and long branching processes that form a complex network of cytoplasmic material, in which numerous small droplets of fat may be demonstrated. ... Origin: pit …

pituita
A thick nasal secretion. ... Synonym: glairy mucus. ... Origin: L. Phlegm or thick mucous secretion ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pituitarism
Pituitary dysfunction. ... See: hyperpituitarism, hypopituitarism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pituitarium
Synonym: pituitary. ... Origin: Mod. L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pituitary
<anatomy, endocrinology> An endocrine gland located at the base of the brain, in the small recess of a bone - certain sections of the pituitary each secretes important hormones including growth hormone (GH) and antidiuretic hormone (ADH). ... (16 Dec 1997) ...