Copy of `mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.


 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


phonaemic
Pertaining to or having the characteristics of a phoneme. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonaemic regression
A decrease in intelligibility of speech associated with an increase in loudness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonal
Relating to sound or to the voice. ... Origin: G. Phone, voice. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonarteriogram
An obsolete technique for recording sound created in arteries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonarteriography
The procedure of obtaining a phonarteriogram. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonasthenia
Difficult or abnormal voice production, the enunciation being too high, too loud, or too hard. ... Synonym: functional vocal fatigue. ... Origin: phon-+ G. Astheneia, weakness ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonation
The process of producing vocal sounds by means of vocal cords vibrating in an expiratory blast of air. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phonatory
Relating to phonation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonautograph
<physics> An instrument by means of which a sound can be made to produce a visible trace or record of itself. It consists essentially of a resonant vessel, usually of paraboloidal form, closed at one end by a flexible membrane. A stylus attached to some point of the membrane records the movements of the latter, as it vibrates, upon a moving c …

phoneidoscope
<instrument, physics> An instrument for studying the motions of sounding bodies by optical means. It consists of a tube across the end of which is stretched a film of soap solution thin enough to give coloured bands, the form and position of which are affected by sonorous vibrations. ... Origin: Phono- + Gr. Form + -scope. ... Source: Websters …

phoneme
The smallest sound unit which, in terms of the phonetic sequences of sound, controls meaning. ... Origin: G. Phonema, a voice ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonendoscope
<instrument> A stethoscope that intensifies the auscultatory sounds by means of two parallel resonating plates, one resting on the patient's chest or attached to a stethoscope tube, the other vibrating in unison with it. ... Origin: phon-+ G. Endon, within, + skopeo, to view ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonetic
1. Of or pertaining to the voice, or its use. ... 2. Representing sounds; as, phonetic characters; opposed to ideographic; as, a phonetic notation. Phonetic spelling, spelling in phonetic characters, each representing one sound only; contrasted with Romanic spelling, or that by the use of the Roman alphabet. ... Origin: Gr, fr. A sound, tone; akin to …

phoniatrics
The study of speech habits; the science of speech. ... Origin: phon-+ G. Iatrikos, of the healing art ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonic
Relating to sound or to the voice. ... See: phonetic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonic spasm
Synonym for dysphonia spastica ... A spasmodic contraction of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx excited by attempted phonation, producing either adductor or abductor subtypes caused by central nervous system disease. A localised form of movement disorder. ... Synonym: phonic spasm, spastic dysphonia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonoangiography
<cardiology> Recording and analysis of the audible frequency-intensity components of the bruit of turbulent arterial blood flow through a stenotic lesion. ... Origin: phono-+ G. Angeion, vessel, + grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonocardiogram
<cardiology> A record of the heart sounds made by means of a phonocardiograph. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonocardiograph
<apparatus> An instrument, utilizing microphones, amplifiers, and filters, for graphically recording the heart sounds, which are displayed on an oscilloscope or analog tracing. ... Linear phonocardiograph, a phonocardiograph that records all chest wall vibrations resulting from cardiac activity, with emphasis on low frequency vibrations due to …

phonocardiography
Graphic registration of the heart sounds picked up as vibrations and transformed by a piezoelectric crystal microphone into a varying electrical output according to the stresses imposed by the sound waves. ... The electrical output is amplified by a stethograph amplifier and recorded by a device incorporated into the electrocardiograph or by a multi …

phonocatheter
A cardiac catheter with diminutive microphone housed in its tip, for recording sounds and murmurs from within the heart and great vessels. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonogram
1. A letter, character, or mark used to represent a particular sound. 'Phonograms are of three kinds: (1) Verbal signs, which stand for entire words; (2) Syllabic signs, which stand for the articulations of which words are composed; (3) Alphabetic signs, or letters, which represent the elementary sounds into which the syllable can be resolved.' (I. …

phonograph
1. A character or symbol used to represent a sound, especially. One used in phonography. ... 2. <physics> An instrument for the mechanical registration and reproduction of audible sounds, as articulate speech, etc. It consists of a rotating cylinder or disk covered with some material easily indented, as tinfoil, wax, paraffin, etc, above which …

phonography
1. A description of the laws of the human voice, or sounds uttered by the organs of speech. ... 2. A representation of sounds by distinctive characters; commonly, a system of shorthand writing invented by Isaac Pitman, or a modification of his system, much used by reporters. ... The consonants are represented by straight lines and curves; the vowels …

phonomania
<psychiatry> Rarely used term for a homicidal mania. ... Origin: G. Phonos, murder, + mania, frenzy ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonometer
<apparatus> An instrument for measuring sounds, as to their intensity, or the frequency of the vibrations. ... Origin: Phono-. ... (24 Mar 1998) ...

phonomyoclonus
Clonic spasms of muscles in response to aural stimuli. ... Origin: phono-+ G. Mys, muscle, + klonos, tumult ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonomyography
The recording of the varying sounds made by contracting muscular tissue. ... Origin: phono-+ G. Mys, muscle, + graphe, drawing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonopathy
Any disease of the vocal organs affecting speech. ... Origin: phono-+ G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear of one's own voice, or of any sound. ... Origin: phono-+ G. Phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonophore
A form of binaural stethoscope with a bell-shaped chest piece into which project the recurved extremities of the sound tubes. ... Origin: phono-+ G. Phoros, carrying ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonophoresis
Use of ultrasound to increase the percutaneous adsorption of drugs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phonophotography
The recording on a moving photographic plate of the movements imparted to a diaphragm by sound waves. ... Origin: phono-+ photography ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonopsia
A condition in which the hearing of certain sounds gives rise to a subjective sensation of colour. ... Origin: phono-+ G. Opsis, vision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonoreceptor
A receptor for sound stimuli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonoscopy
The recording made by a phonoscope. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phonosurgery
A group of operations designed to improve or alter a patient's voice. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phor-
See: phoro-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phorate
<chemical> A cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide. ... Pharmacological action: cholinesterase inhibitor, insecticide, organothiophosphate. ... Chemical name: Phosphorodithioic acid, O,O-diethyl S-((ethylthio)methyl) ester ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phorbin
The parent hydrocarbon of chlorophyll; differs from porphin (porphyrin) in the presence of an isocyclic ring formed by the addition of a two-carbon group bridging the 13 and 15 positions of porphin (porphyrin) and by saturation of the 17-18 double bond (with realignment of conjugated double bonds). Addition of hydrocarbon side-chains in specific lo …

phorbol
The parent alcohol of the cocarcinogens, which are 12,13(9,9a) diesters of phorbol found in croton oil; the hydrocarbon skeleton is a cyclopropa-benzazulene; phorbol esters mimic 1,2-diacylglycerol as activators of protein kinase C. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate
<chemical> 1,1a,1b,4,4a,7a,7b,8,9,9a-decahydro 4a,7b,9,9a-tetrahydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl) 1,1,6,8-tetramethyl-5h-cyclopropa(3,4)benz(1,2-e)azulen-5-one butanoic acid diester. A phorbol ester found in croton oil which, in addition to being a potent skin tumour promotor, is also an effective activator of calcium-activated, phospholipid-dependent …

phorbol ester
<chemical> Polycyclic compound isolated from croton oil in which two hydroxyl groups on neighbouring carbon atoms are esterified to fatty acids. ... The commonest of these derivatives is phorbol myristoyl acetate (PMA). Potent co carcinogens or tumour promotors, they are diacyl glycerol analogues and activate protein kinase C irreversibly. ... …

phorbol esters
<chemical> Tumour-promoting compounds obtained from croton oil (croton tiglium). Some of these are used in cell biological experiments as activators of protein kinase c. ... Pharmacological action: carcinogens. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phorbols
The parent alcohol of the tumour promoting compounds from croton oil (croton tiglium). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phoresis
Synonym: electrophoresis. ... 2. A biological association in which one organism is transported by another, as in the attachment of the eggs of Dermatobia hominis, a human and cattle botfly, to the legs of a mosquito, which transports them to the human, cattle, or other host in which the botfly larvae can develop. ... Synonym: epizoic commensalism, ph …

phoresy
Synonym for phoresis ... Synonym: electrophoresis. ... 2. A biological association in which one organism is transported by another, as in the attachment of the eggs of Dermatobia hominis, a human and cattle botfly, to the legs of a mosquito, which transports them to the human, cattle, or other host in which the botfly larvae can develop. ... Synonym: …

phoria
The relative directions assumed by the eyes during binocular fixation of a given object in the absence of an adequate fusion stimulus. ... See: cyclophoria, oesophoria, exophoria, heterophoria, hyperphoria, hypophoria, orthophoria. ... Origin: G. Phora, a carrying, motion ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Phormia regina
The black blowfly, the larvae of which were formerly used in the treatment of septic wounds because they secrete a proteolytic enzyme that aids in the removal of dead tissue; it is a frequent cause of maggot infestation of sheep, depositing eggs in the wool, and is a widely distributed cold weather species that lays its eggs on dead or decaying tis …

phormicin
<protein> Insect defensin produced by the blowfly, Phormia terranovae. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

phoro-
Phor- ... Carrying, bearing; a carrier, a bearer; phobia. ... Origin: G. Phoros, carrying, bearing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Phoroptor
A device containing different lenses that is used for refraction of the eye. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phorozoon
The nonsexual stage in the life history of an animal that passes through several phases in its life cycle. ... Origin: phoro-+ G. Zoon, animal ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phos-
Light. ... Origin: G. Phos ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosducin
<protein> Protein (33 kD) that inhibits Gs GTPase activity (a GIP). Isolated from bovine brain and found in retina, pineal gland and many other tissues. Activity of phosducin is inhibited if phosphorylated by a cAMP dependent protein kinase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

phosmet
<chemical> S-((1,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-2h-isoindol-2-yl)methyl)phosphorodithioic acid o,o-dimethyl ester. An organothiophosphorus insecticide that has been used to control pig mange. ... Pharmacological action: insecticide, organothiophosphate. ... Chemical name: Phosphorodithioic acid, S-((1,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-2H-isoindol-2-yl)methyl) O,O-dimet …

phosph-
Phospho-phosphor-phosphoro- ... <prefix> Prefixes indicating the presence of phosphorus in a compound.See phospho-for specific usage of that prefix. ... Origin: G. Phos, light; phoros, carrying ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosphagen
Energy-rich guanidinium or amidine phosphate, serving as an energy store in muscle and brain; e.g., phosphocreatine in mammals, phosphoarginine in invertebrates. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosphagenic
Phosphate-producing. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosphamic acid
R-NH-PO3H2, one of the three types of high energy phosphates (the others being phosphophosphoric acids and phosphosulfuric acids). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosphamidase
Synonym for phosphoamidase ... <enzyme> An enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of phosphorus-nitrogen bonds, notably the hydrolysis of N-phosphocreatine to creatine and orthophosphate. ... Synonym: phosphamidase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosphamidon
<chemical> An organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide. ... Pharmacological action: cholinesterase inhibitor, insecticide, organophosphate. ... Chemical name: Phosphoric acid, 2-chloro-3-(diethylamino)-1-methyl-3-oxo-1-propenyl dimethyl ester ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phosphastat
A conceptual mechanism whereby the parathyroid hormone is increased when the levels of phosphorus rise to an above-normal level; there is as yet no satisfactory evidence for its existence. ... Origin: phosphate + L. Status, a standing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosphatase
<enzyme> That hydrolyse phosphomonoesters. Acid phosphatases are specific for the single charged phosphate group and alkaline phosphatases for the double charged group. These specificities do not overlap. ... The phosphatases comprise a very wide range of enzymes including broad and narrow specificity members. Phosphoprotein phosphatases speci …

phosphatase unit
See: Bodansky unit, King unit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosphate acetyltransferase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the synthesis of acetylphosphate from acetyl-CoA and inorganic phosphate. Acetylphosphate serves as a high-energy phosphate compound. ... Chemical name: Acetyl-CoA:orthophosphate acetyltransferase ... Registry number: EC 2.3.1.8 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phosphate diabetes
Excessive secretion of phosphate in the urine due to a defect in tubular reabsorption; usually part of a more generalised abnormality, such as Fanconi syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosphate group
<chemistry> A phosphate group on a larger molecule, where the phosphorus is single bonded to each of the four oxygens, and the other bond of one of the oxygens is attached to the rest of the molecule. ... This means that the entire group has a net negative charge of -3 (from the free second bonds on the oxygen atoms which are only bonded to th …

phosphate permease
<chemical> Isolated from van+ gene of neurospora crassa; transports vanadate ... Chemical name: permease, phosphate ... Synonym: permease, phosphate, pho4 gene product, pho5 gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

phosphate tetany
Tetany due to the ingestion of an excess of alkaline phosphates (Na2HPO4 or K2HPO4); most commonly produced experimentally in animals by the injection of alkaline phosphate, which reduces the ionised calcium of the blood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosphated
Containing phosphates. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosphatemia
An abnormally high concentration of inorganic phosphates in the blood. ... Origin: phosphate + G. Haima, blood ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosphates
Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phosphatidal
Older trivial name for alk-1-enylglycerophospholipid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosphatidase
Synonym for phospholipase A2 ... <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a lecithin to a lysolecithin by removing the 2-acyl group; also acts on other phospholipids by removing a fatty acid from the 2-position; this enzyme has an important role in prostaglandin and leukotriene biosynthesis. ... Synonym: lecithinase A, phosphatidase, …

phosphatidate
A salt or ester of a phosphatidic acid. ... Phosphatidate phosphatase, an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of phosphatidate producing inorganic phosphate and 1,2-diacylglycerol; this enzyme participates in phospholipid and triacylglycerol metabolism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosphatidate phosphatase
<enzyme> A phosphomonoesterase involved in the synthesis of triacylglycerols. It catalyses the hydrolysis of phosphatidates with the formation of diacylglycerols and orthophosphate. ... Chemical name: 3-sn-Phosphatidate phosphohydrolase ... Registry number: EC 3.1.3.4 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phosphatide
<biochemistry> The family of phospholipids based on 1,2 diacyl 3 phosphoglyceric acid. ... (31 Dec 1997) ...

phosphatidic acid
<biochemistry> The parent structure for phosphatidyl phospholipids, present in low concentrations in membranes. The acyl groups are derived from long chain fatty acids. ... An intermediate in the synthesis of diacyl glycerol, the immediate precursor of most of the phosphatidyl phospholipids (except phosphatidyl inositol) and of triacyl glycero …

phosphatidic acid kinase
<enzyme> Plant enzyme which converts phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol pyrophosphate ... Registry number: EC 2.7.4.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

phosphatidic acids
Fatty acid derivatives of glycerophosphates. They are composed of glycerol bound in ester linkage with 1 mole of phosphoric acid at the terminal 3-hydroxyl group and with 2 moles of fatty acids at the other two hydroxyl groups. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phosphatidolipase
Synonym for phospholipase A2 ... <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of a lecithin to a lysolecithin by removing the 2-acyl group; also acts on other phospholipids by removing a fatty acid from the 2-position; this enzyme has an important role in prostaglandin and leukotriene biosynthesis. ... Synonym: lecithinase A, phosphatidase, …

phosphatidyl
The radical of a phosphatidic acid; e.g., phosphatidylcholine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosphatidylcholine
<biochemistry> The major phospholipid of most mammalian cell membranes where the 1 acyl residue is normally saturated and the 2 acyl residue unsaturated. ... Choline is attached to phosphatidic acid by a phosphodiester linkage. Major synthetic route is from diacyl glycerol and CDP choline. Forms monolayers at an air water interface and forms b …

phosphatidylcholines
<biochemistry> Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a choline moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and choline and 2 moles of fatty acids. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phosphatidylethanolamine
<biochemistry> A major structural phospholipid in mammalian systems. Tends to be more abundant than phosphatidylcholine in the internal membranes of the cell and is an abundant component of prokaryotic membranes. ... Ethanolamine is attached to phosphatidic acid by a phosphodiester linkage. Synthesis from diacyl glycerol and CDP-ethanolamine.< …

phosphatidylethanolamines
<biochemistry> Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to an ethanolamine moiety. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and ethanolamine and 2 moles of fatty acids. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phosphatidylglycerol
<biochemistry> A phosphatidic acid in which a second glycerol molecule replaces the usual choline, or ethanolamine or serine; a constituent in human amniotic fluid that denotes foetal lung maturity when present in the last trimester. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phosphatidylglycerols
<biochemistry> A nitrogen-free class of lipids present in animal and particularly plant tissues and composed of one mole of glycerol and 1 or 2 moles of phosphatidic acid. Members of this group differ from one another in the nature of the fatty acids released on hydrolysis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phosphatidylinositol
<biochemistry> A phosphatidic acid combined with inositol found in biomembranes and a precursor to certain cellular signals. Sometimes referred to as inositide. ... It is a very important minor phospholipid in eukaryotes, involved in signal transduction processes. Contains myo inositol linked through the 1 hydroxyl group to phosphatidic acid.< …

phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate
<biochemistry> The intermediate in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate from phosphatidylinositol. ... (20 Sep 2002) ...

phosphatidylinositol phosphates
<biochemistry> Phosphatidylinositols in which one or more alcohol group of the inositol has been substituted with a phosphate group. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phosphatidylinositol synthase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the reaction of CDP-diacylglycerol with inositol to form CMP and phosphatidylinositol; found in the endoplasmic reticulum. ... (20 Sep 2002) ...

phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphatase
<enzyme> Hydrolyzes phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate in nih 3t3 cells; specific as it has little or no activity on the monoester phosphates of ptdins(4)p, ptdins(4,5)p2, or inositol 1,3-bisphosphate; does not require added metal ions for activity and is maximally active in the presence of edta; inhibited by ca(2+), mg(2+),zn(2+), and the phos …

phosphatidylinositols
<biochemistry> Derivatives of phosphatidic acids in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to the hexahydroxy alcohol, myo-inositol. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid, myo-inositol, and 2 moles of fatty acids. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phosphatidylserine
<biochemistry> The condensation product of phosphatidic acid and serine, found in biomembranes. ... It is an important minor species of phospholipid in membranes. Serine is attached to phosphatidic acid by a phosphodiester linkage. Complete hydrolysis yields 1 mole of glycerol, phosphoric acid and serine and 2 moles of fatty acids. ... Synthesi …

phosphaturia
<nephrology> The excessive discharge of phosphates in the urine. ... Origin: NL. See Phosphate, and Urine. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...

phosphene
<ophthalmology, physiology> Visual sensations arising from mechanical stimulation by pressure upon the eyeball when the lids are closed. It can also be produced by electrical stimulation of the eyeball. ... It is a luminous impression produced through excitation of the retina by some cause other than the impingement upon it of rays of light.
phosphine
<chemistry> A colourless gas, PH3, analogous to ammonia, and having a disagreeable odour resembling that of garlic. ... Synonym: hydrogen phosphide, and formerly, phosphureted hydrogen. ... It is the most important compound of phosphorus and hydrogen, and is produced by the action of caustic potash on phosphorus. It is spontaneously inflammable …

phosphines
Inorganic or organic compounds derived from phosphine (ph3) by the replacement of h atoms. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...