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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

pharyngeal pouch syndrome
diGeorge syndrome ...

pharyngeal raphe
The central line of the pharynx posteriorly where the muscular fibres meet and partly interlace. ... Synonym: raphe pharyngis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngeal recess
A slitlike depression in the membranous (non-muscular) pharyngeal wall extending posterior to the opening of the auditory (eustachian) tube. ... Synonym: recessus pharyngeus, recessus infundibuliformis, Rosenmuller's fossa, Rosenmuller's recess. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngeal reflex
Synonym for swallowing reflex ... The act of swallowing (second stage) induced by stimulation of the palate, fauces, or posterior pharyngeal wall. ... Synonym: deglutition reflex, pharyngeal reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngeal ridge
Synonym for palatopharyngeal sphincter ... A constant band of the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle which sweeps posteriorly from the anterolateral part of the superior surface of the palatine aponeurosis. It creates a visible ridge when the superior constrictor is contracted, meeting the elevated soft palate to seal off the pharyngeal isthmus …

pharyngeal space
The area occupied by the pharynx (naso-, oro-, and laryngopharnynx). Not to be confused with the retropharyngeal space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngeal tonsil
A collection of more or less closely aggregated lymphoid nodules on the posterior wall and roof of the nasopharynx, the hypertrophy of which constitutes the morbid condition called adenoids. ... Synonym: tonsilla pharyngealis, tonsilla adenoidea, Luschka's gland, Luschka's tonsil, third tonsil. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngeal tubercle
A projection from the undersurface of the basilar portion of the occipital bone, giving attachment to the fibrous raphe of the pharynx. ... Synonym: tuberculum pharyngeum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngeal veins
Several veins from the pharyngeal venous plexus emptying into the internal jugular vein. ... Synonym: venae pharyngeae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngectomy
<procedure> Surgical removal of a part of the pharynx. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pharyngei
Synonym for pharyngeal branches ... Branches to the pharynx. ... Synonym: pharyngei, rami pharyngeales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharynges
Plural of pharynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngeus
Synonym: pharyngeal. ... Origin: Mod. L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngismus
Spasm of the muscles of the pharynx. ... Synonym: pharyngospasm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngitic
Relating to pharyngitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngitis
<pathology> Inflammation of the pharynx. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

pharyngitis sicca
Synonym for atrophic pharyngitis ... Chronic pharyngitis accompanied by a varying degree of atrophy of the mucous glands and absence of their secretion. ... Synonym: pharyngitis sicca. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngo-
The pharynx. ... Origin: Mod. L. Fr. G. Pharynx ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngo-oral
Relating to the pharynx and the mouth; oropharyngeal. ... Origin: pharyngo-+ L. Os (or-), mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngobasilar fascia
The fibrous coat of the pharyngeal wall situated between the mucous and muscular coats; it is attached above to the basilar part of the occipital bone, and the petrous part of the temporal bone. This layer and the mucosa which lines it forms the wall of the non-muscular pharynx (pharyngeal vault) above the superior pharyngesl constrictor muscle. …

pharyngobranchial ducts
See: ductus pharyngobranchialis III, ductus pharyngobranchialis IV. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngocele
A diverticulum from the pharynx. ... Origin: pharyngo-+ G. Kele, hernia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngoconjunctival fever
A disease characterised by fever, pharyngitis, and conjunctivitis, and caused by adenoviruses, often type 3 but occasionally other types. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngoconjunctival fever virus
One of several types of adenoviruses associated with outbreaks of fever and pharyngitis, sometimes with conjunctivitis, especially in service recruits and people in boarding schools. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngoepiglottic
Pharyngoepiglottidean ... Relating to the pharynx and the epiglottis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngoepiglottic fold
Synonym for lateral glossoepiglottic fold ... The fold of mucous membrane that extends from the margin of the epiglottis to the pharyngeal wall and base of the tongue on each side, forming the lateral boundary of the epiglottic valleculae. ... Synonym: plica glossoepiglottica lateralis, pharyngoepiglottic fold. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngoesophageal
Relating to the pharynx and the oesophagus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngoesophageal cushions
Venous plexuses on the anterior and posterior walls of the pharyngoesophageal junction. ... Synonym: pharyngoesophageal pads. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngoesophageal diverticulum
Most common diverticulum of the oesophagus; arises between the inferior pharyngeal constrictor and the crico-pharyngeus muscle. ... Synonym: hypopharyngeal diverticulum, Zenker's diverticulum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngoesophageal pads
Synonym for pharyngoesophageal cushions ... Venous plexuses on the anterior and posterior walls of the pharyngoesophageal junction. ... Synonym: pharyngoesophageal pads. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngoesophagoplasty
Plastic surgery of the pharynx and oesophagus. ... Origin: pharyngo-+ oesophago-+ G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngoglossal
Relating to the pharynx and the tongue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngoglossus
See: superior constrictor muscle of pharynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngolaryngeal
Relating to both the pharynx and the larynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngolaryngitis
Inflammation of both the pharynx and the larynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngolith
A concretion in the pharynx. ... Synonym: pharyngeal calculus. ... Origin: pharyngo-+ G. Lithos, stone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngomaxillary
Relating to the pharynx and the maxilla. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngomaxillary space
The space limited by the lateral wall of the pharynx, the cervical vertebrae, and the medial pterygoid muscle. ... Synonym: parapharyngeal space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngomycosis
Invasion of the mucous membrane of the pharynx by fungi. ... Origin: pharyngo-+ G. Mykes, a fungus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngonasal
Relating to the pharynx and the nasal cavity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngonasal cavity
Synonym for nasopharynx ... <anatomy> The portion of the pharynx extending from the posterior nares to the level of the soft palate. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

pharyngopalatine
Relating to the pharynx and the palate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngopalatine arch
Synonym for palatopharyngeal arch ... One of a pair of ridges or folds of mucous membrane which passes downward from the posterior margin of the soft palate to the lateral wall of the pharynx. It encloses the palatopharyngeus muscle and forms the posterior margin of the tonsillar fossa. It also demarcates the isthmus of fauces from oropharynx. ... Sy …

pharyngopalatinus
Synonym: palatopharyngeus muscle. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngoplasty
Plastic surgery of the pharynx. ... Origin: pharyngo-+ G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngoplegia
Paralysis of the muscles of the pharynx. ... Origin: pharyngo-+ G. Plege, stroke ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngorhinoscopy
Inspection of the rhinopharynx and posterior nares by means of the rhinoscopic mirror. ... Origin: pharyngo-+ G. Rhis, nose, + skopeo, to view ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngoscope
<instrument> An instrument like a laryngoscope, used for inspection of the mucous membrane of the pharynx. ... Origin: pharyngo-+ G. Skopeo, to view ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngoscopy
Inspection and examination of the pharynx. ... Origin: pharyngo-+ G. Skopeo, to view ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngospasm
Synonym for pharyngismus ... Spasm of the muscles of the pharynx. ... Synonym: pharyngospasm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngostaphylinus
Synonym: palatopharyngeus muscle. ... Origin: L. Fr. Pharyngo-+ G. Staphyle, uvula ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngostenosis
Stricture of the pharynx. ... Origin: pharyngo-+ G. Stenosis, a narrowing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngostomy
<procedure> External surgical fistulization of the pharynx for feeding. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pharyngotonsillitis
Inflammation of the pharynx and tonsils. ... Origin: pharyngo-+ tonsillitis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngotympanic groove
Synonym for groove for auditory tube ... A furrow on the inner surface of the posterior border of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, for the cartilaginous auditory tube. ... Synonym: sulcus tubae auditivae, pharyngotympanic groove. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pharyngotympanic tube
Synonym for auditory tube ... A tube leading from the tympanic cavity to the nasopharynx; it consists of an osseous (posterolateral) portion at the tympanic end, and a fibrocartilaginous (anteromedial) portion at the pharyngeal end; where the two portions join, in the region of the sphenopetrosal fissure, is the narrowest portion of the tube (isthmu …

pharynx
<anatomy> The cavity at the back of the mouth. It is cone shaped and has an average length of 76 mm and is lined with mucous membrane. The pharynx opens into the oesophagus at the lower end. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

phase
Any one of the varying aspects or stages through which a disease or process may pass. ... Origin: Gr. Phasis = an appearance ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

phase angle
<microscopy> The angular equivalent of the time displacement between corresponding points on two sine waves of the same frequency. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

phase contrast
<microscopy> An optical method devised by F. Zernike for converting the focused image of a phase object (one with differences in refractive index or optical path but not in absorbance), which ordinarily is not visible in focus, into an image with good contrast. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

phase contrast microscopy
<investigation> A simple nonquantitative form of interference micoscopy of great utility in visualising live cells. Small differences in optical path length due to differences in refractive index and thickness of structures are visualised as differences in light intensity. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

phase encoding
In magnetic resonance imaging, the technique of inducing a gradient in the magnetic field in the Y-axis to induce phase differences with location. ... Synonym: gradient encoding. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phase I block
Inhibition of nerve impulse transmission across the myoneural junction associated with depolarisation of the motor endplate, as in the muscle paralysis produced by succinylcholine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phase I clinical trial
<pharmacology> The earliest stage clinical trial for studying an experimental drug in humans. Phase I trials are generally comparatively small and are used to determine toxicity and maximum dose. ... They provide an initial evaluation of a drug's safety and pharmacokinetics-how the drug is absorbed, what tissues it reaches and how long it take …

phase II block
Inhibition of nerve impulse transmission across the myoneural junction unaccompanied by depolarisation of the motor endplate, as in the muscle paralysis produced by tubocurarine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phase II clinical trial
<pharmacology> Usually focus on the activity of the new product as a single agent in a noncomparative, open study. ... (31 Dec 1997) ...

phase III clinical trial
<pharmacology> An advanced stage clinical trial that should conclusively show how well a drug works as compared to other treatments. ... Phase III trials are large, frequently multi-institution tests. They generally compare the relative value of the new drug compared with the current standard treatment and measure whether a new drug extends su …

phase image
A magnetic resonance image showing only phase shift information, to detect motion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phase plate
<microscopy> The plate used near the back focal plane of a microscope objective lens (in conjunction with an annulus at the front focal plane of the condenser lens) to achieve phase contrast. The phase plate selectively shifts the phase of the waves diffracted by the specimen by a quarter wave and reduces the amplitude of the undeviated, dire …

phase rule
An expression of the relationships existing between systems in equilibrium: P + V = C + 2, where P is the number of phases, V the variance or degrees of freedom, and C the number of components; it also follows that the variance is, V = C + 2 -P. For H2O at its triple point, V = 1 + 2 -3 = 0, i.e., both temperature and pressure are fixed. ... Synonym …

phase separation
<chemistry> The separation of fluid phases that contain different concentrations of common components. ... Occurs with partially miscible solvents used in many biochemical separation methods. Also temperature dependent phase separation occurs with some detergent solutions. With reference to membranes means the segregation of lipid components i …

phase shift
<microscopy> A change in the phase relationship between two alternating quantities of the same frequency. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

phase variation
<microbiology> Alteration in the expression of surface antigens by bacteria. ... For example: Salmonella can express either of two forms of flagellin, H1 and H2, that are coded by different genes. Control of which form is expressed is brought about by inversion of the promoter for the H2 gene, which if functional (noninverted) is associated wi …

phase-amplitude contrast
<microscopy> The separation and recombination of direct vs. Diffracted rays in a light microscope adjusted to Kohler illumination. at the lower focal plane of the condenser there is an annular diaphragm with an opaque central stop. Through this diaphragm rays are focused as a hollow cone onto the specimen. In the back focal plane of the objec …

phase-contrast microscope
<instrument> A specially constructed microscope that has a special condenser and objective containing a phase-shifting ring whereby small differences in index of refraction are made visible as intensity or contrast differences in the image; particularly useful for examining structural details in transparent specimens such as living or unstain …

phase, crystal
<microscopy> A specific crystal structure, usually given a name. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

phase, resting
More appropriately called interphase. The interval in the cell cycle between two cell divisions when the individual chromosomes cannot be distinguished, interphase was once thought to be the resting phase but it is far from a time of rest for the cell. It is the time when DNA is replicated in the cell nucleus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phaseollin
<protein> A phytoalexin produced by Phaseolus (bean) plants in response to pathogenic attack or other stress. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

phasic
Synonym for adaptation ... 1. <cell biology> The adjustment of an organism to its environment or the process by which it enhances such fitness. ... 2. <ophthalmology> The normal ability of the eye to adjust itself to variations in the intensity of light, the adjustment to such variations. ... 3. <neurology, physiology> The decline in …

phasic reflex
A coordinated complex response such as the scratch reflex in the spinal animal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phasic sinus arrhythmia
Sinus arrhythmia in which the irregularity is related to the phases of respiration, the rate being faster in inspiration and slower in expiration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phasing of nucleosomes
<molecular biology> A nonrandom arrangement of nucleosomes on DNA, in which, at certain segments of the genome, nucleosomes are positioned in the same way relative to the nucleotide sequence in all cells. ... most nucleosomes are arranged randomly, but phasing has been detected in some genes. ... (31 Dec 1997) ...

Phasmidia
Synonym: Secernentasida. ... Origin: G. Phasma, appearance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phasmophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear of ghosts. ... Origin: G. Phasma, apparition, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phatnorrhagia
Haemorrhage from a dental alveolus. ... Origin: G. Phatnoma, manger (alveolus), + G. Rhegnymi, to burst forth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

PhD
Doctor of Philosophy. (From the new Latin, philosophiae doctor). Phds are involved in clinical care (as in clinical psychology), biomedical research (as in the genome project), health administration and other areas in medicine. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Phe
Symbol for phenylalanine or its radical. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pheasant
1. <ornithology> Any one of numerous species of large gallinaceous birds of the genus Phasianus, and many other genera of the family Phasianidae, found chiefly in Asia. ... The common, or English, pheasant (Phasianus Colchicus) is now found over most of temperate Europe, but was introduced from Asia. The ring-necked pheasant (P. Torquatus) and …

phelloderm
<pathology> Tissue containing parenchyma like cells, in the bark of tree roots and shoots. Produced by cell division in the phellogen. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

phellogen
<plant biology> Meristematic tissue in plants, giving rise to cork (phellem) and phelloderm cells. Also termed cork cambium. ... (31 Dec 1997) ...

Phemister graft
An autogenous onlay bone graft used in treating delayed union of fractures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Phemister, Dallas
<person> American surgeon, 1882-1951. ... See: Phemister graft. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phenacaine hydrochloride
Bis-(p-ethoxyphyenyl)acetamidine hydrochloride;a potent local surface anaesthetic used in ophthalmology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phenacemide
An anticonvulsant used in the treatment of epilepsy. ... Synonym: phenylacetylurea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phenacetin
<chemical> A non-prostaglandin synthase inhibitor. It was utilised extensively in a wide variety of analgesic mixtures, but its causal role in analgesic-abuse nephropathy led to its withdrawal from the market. ... Chemical name: Acetamide, N-(4-ethoxyphenyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

phenacetolin
A red powder, (C16H12)2; used as an indicator. It has a pH range of 5 to 6; being yellow at 5 and red at 6. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phenaceturic acid
C6H5CH2CO-NH-CH2COOH;an end product of the metabolism of phenylated fatty acids with even numbers of carbon atoms. ... Synonym: phenylaceturic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phenacridane chloride
9-[p-(Hexyloxy)phenyl]-10-methylacridinium chloride;topical antiseptic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phenacyclamine
Synonym for phenetamine ... 2-(Cyclohexylbenzyl)N,N,N',N '-tetraethyl-1,3-propanediamine;an intestinal antispasmodic. ... Synonym: phenacyclamine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

phenaglycodol
2-p-Chlorophenyl-3-methyl-2,3-butanediol;a central nervous system depressant used in the treatment of anxiety and simple neuroses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...