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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

picolinuric acid
N-Picolinoylglycine;the amide, with glycine, of picolinic acid; a hippuric acid analog in which picolinic acid, rather than benzoic acid, is conjugated with glycine and excreted. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

picometer
One-trillionth of a meter. ... Synonym: bicron. ... Abbreviation: pm ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

picomole
One-trillionth of a mole (10-12 mole). ... Abbreviation: pmol ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

picornaviridae
<virology> A family of single-stranded RNA-containing viruses that cause hepatitisin humans. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

picornaviridae infections
Virus diseases caused by the picornaviridae. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

picornavirus
A virus of the family Picornaviridae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

picramic acid
2-Amino-4,6-dinitrophenol;red crystals sometimes found in the blood of persons poisoned with picric acid; formed as a result of partial reduction of the latter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Picrasma
See: quassia. ... Origin: L., fr. G. Pikrasmos, bitterness ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

picric
<chemistry> Pertaining to, or designating, a strong organic acid (called picric acid), intensely bitter. ... Picric acid is obtained by treating phenol with strong nitric acid, as a brilliant yellow crystalline substance, C6H2(NO2)3.OH. It is used in dyeing silk and wool, and also in the manufacture of explosives, as it is very unstable when h …

picric acid
C6H2(NO2)3OH; 2,4,6-Trinitrophenol;has been used as an application in burns, eczema, erysipelas, and pruritus. ... Synonym: carbazotic acid, nitroxanthic acid. ... Origin: G. Pikros, bitter ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

picro-Mallory trichrome stain
<technique> A modification of Mallory's trichrome stain that involves the addition of picric acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

picrocarmine
See: picrocarmine stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

picrocarmine stain
<technique> A red crystalline powder derived from a solution of carmine, ammonia, and picric acid which is evaporated, leaving the powder (soluble in water); it produces excellent staining of keratohyaline granules. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

picroformol
See: picroformol fixative. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

picroformol fixative
A fixative containing formalin and picric acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

picronigrosin
See: picronigrosin stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

picronigrosin stain
<technique> A solution of nigrosin in picric acid, used for staining connective tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

picrotoxinin
C15H16O6;a lactone breakdown product of picrotoxin; pharmacological properties resemble those of picrotoxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

picryl chloride
<chemical> 2-chloro-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene. A hapten that generates suppressor cells capable of down-regulating the efferent phase of trinitrophenol-specific contact hypersensitivity. (arthritis rheum 1991 feb;34(2):180). ... Chemical name: Benzene, 2-chloro-1,3,5-trinitro- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

picts
<ethnology> A race of people of uncertain origin, who inhabited Scotland in early times. ... Origin: L. Picti; cf. AS. Peohtas. ... (04 Apr 1998) ...

picture
1. The art of painting; representation by painting. 'Any well-expressed image . . . Either in picture or sculpture.' (Sir H. Wotton) ... 2. A representation of anything (as a person, a landscape, a building) upon canvas, paper, or other surface, produced by means of painting, drawing, engraving, photography, etc.; a representation in colours. By ext …

picture element
<microscopy> Any segment of a video scan line whose dimension along the line is equal to the line spacing. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

picture frame vertebra
Radiographically diminished density of trabecular bone with relative preservation of the cortex, a sign of osteopenia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

picturesque
Forming, or fitted to form, a good or pleasing picture; representing with the clearness or ideal beauty appropriate to a picture; expressing that peculiar kind of beauty which is agreeable in a picture, natural or artificial; graphic; vivid; as, a picturesque scene or attitude; picturesque language. 'What is picturesque as placed in relation to the …

PID
<acronym> ... See: pelvic inflammatory disease, prolapsed intervertebral disc. ... (12 Mar 2000) ...

pie
1. <zoology> A magpie. Any other species of the genus Pica, and of several allied genera. ... Alternative forms: pye. ... 2. The service book. ... 3. Type confusedly mixed. See Pi. By cock and pie, an adjuration equivalent to 'by God and the service book.' . ... <zoology> Tree pie See French pie, under French. ... Origin: F. Pie, L. Pica; cf …

piebald eyelash
An isolated bundle of white eyelash's among normally pigmented eyelash's. ... Synonym: canities circumscripta, ciliary poliosis, poliosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piebald skin
Synonym for piebaldness ... Patchy absence of the pigment of scalp hair, giving a streaked appearance; patches of vitiligo may be present in other areas sue to absence of melanocytes; often transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait and may be associated with neurological defects or eye changes . ... Compare: Waardenburg syndrome. ... Synonym: piebald …

piebaldism
Autosomal dominant, congenital disorder characterised by localised hypomelanosis of the skin and hair. The most familiar feature is a white forelock presenting in 80 to 90 percent of the patients. The underlying defect is possibly related to the differentiation and migration of melanoblasts, as well as to defective development of the neural crest ( …

piebaldness
Patchy absence of the pigment of scalp hair, giving a streaked appearance; patches of vitiligo may be present in other areas sue to absence of melanocytes; often transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait and may be associated with neurological defects or eye changes . ... Compare: Waardenburg syndrome. ... Synonym: piebald skin, piebaldism. ... (05 M …

piece
A part or portion. ... End piece, a part of the spermatozoon consisting of an axoneme surrounded only by the flagellar membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piedmont fracture
<radiology> Closed fracture of radius, at the junction of the middle and distal thirds, no associated ulnar fracture, due to direct blow ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

piedra
Either of two diseases resulting from fungal infection of the hair shafts. Black piedra occurs mainly in and on the hairs of the scalp and is caused by piedraia hortae; white piedra occurs in and on the hairs of the scalp, beard, moustache and genital areas and is caused by trichosporon beigelii. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

piedra nostras
A condition similar to piedra, but affecting the hair of the beard. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Piedraia
A genus of fungi, based on Piedraia hortae, which is probably the only species and which causes black piedra. ... Origin: see piedra ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pieds terminaux
Synonym: axon terminals. ... Origin: Fr., end feet ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pierini, Luigi
<person> 20th century Argentinian dermatologist. ... See: atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pierre robin syndrome
<syndrome> An autosomal recessive disorder characterised by brachygnathia and cleft palate, often associated with glossoptosis, backward and upward displacement of the larynx, and angulation of the manubrium sterni. Cleft palate makes sucking and swallowing difficult, permitting easy access of fluids into the larynx. It may appear in several …

piesesthesia
Synonym: pressure sense. ... Origin: G. Piesis, pressure, + aisthesis, sensation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piesimeter
An instrument for measuring the pressure of a gas or a fluid. ... Synonym: piezometer. ... Origin: G. Piesis, pressure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piesis
Synonym: blood pressure. ... Origin: G. Pressure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piezochemistry
The study of the effect of very high pressures on chemical reactions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piezoelectric
Pertaining to piezoelectricity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piezoelectric effect
The property of certain crystalline or ceramic materials to emit electricity when deformed and to deform when an electric current is passed across them, a mechanism of interconverting electrical and acoustic energy; an ultrasound transducer sends and receives acoustic energy using this effect. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piezoelectricity
Electric currents generated by pressure upon certain crystals, e.g., quartz, mica, calcite. ... Origin: G. Piezo, to press, squeeze, + electricity ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piezogenic
Resulting from pressure. ... Origin: G. Piezo, to press, squeeze, + genesis, origin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

piezogenic pedal papule
Pressure-induced papules of the heel, occurring probably as a result of herniation of fat tissue. ... Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP), intensely pruritic papulovesicles that begin on the abdomen in the third trimester and spread peripherally, resolves rapidly after delivery and does not affect the foetus. ... Split papule …

PIF
<abbreviation> Prolactin-inhibiting factor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pig
1. The young of swine, male or female; also, any swine; a hog. 'Two pigges in a poke.' ... 2. <zoology> Any wild species of the genus Sus and related genera. ... 3. [Cf. Sow a channel for melted iron] An oblong mass of cast iron, lead, or other metal. See Mine pig, under Mine. ... 4. One who is hoggish; a greedy person. Masked pig. ... A nickname …

pig lung carbonyl reductase
<enzyme> Tetrameric carbonyl reductase; mw 24 kD; properties distinct from monomeric cr; it is mainly distributed in the mitochondria of the pig lung; exhibits very low substrate specificity for aromatic and aliphatic carbonyl compounds and catalyses the oxidation of secondary alcohols and aldehydes; activated 2-5 fold by fatty acids ddbj/emb …

pigbel
A type of necrotizing enteritis endemic in the Papua New Guinea highlands caused by the B toxin of Clostridium perfringens type C; occurs predominantly in children because of poor immunity to B toxin and a low level of intestinal proteases resulting from a diet low in protein and high in sweet potatoes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigeon
1. <zoology> Any bird of the order Columbae, of which numerous species occur in nearly all parts of the world. ... The common domestic pigeon, or dove, was derived from the Old World rock pigeon (Columba livia). It has given rise to numerous very remarkable varieties, such as the carrier, fantail, nun, pouter, tumbler, etc. The common wild pig …

pigeon breast
Prominence of the breast bone (sternum). Medically, pigeon breast is called pectus carinatum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pigeon chest
Synonym for pectus carinatum ... Pigeon-breasted. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pigeon's milk
A secretion formed by glands in the mucosa of the pigeon's crop with which the young are fed; it is increased under the influence of prolactin. ... Synonym: crop milk. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigment
1. Any material from which a dye, a paint, or the like, may be prepared; particularly, the refined and purified colouring matter ready for mixing with an appropriate vehicle. ... 2. <physiology> Any one of the coloured substances found in animal and vegetable tissues and fluids, as bilirubin, urobilin, chlorophyll, etc. ... 3. Wine flavored wit …

pigment cell
Cells that contain pigment: ... See: melanocytes, chromatophores. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

pigment cell of skin
Synonym for melanocyte ... Special cells in the skin and the eye that synthesise melanin pigments. Clusters of melanocytes often appear on the skin as moles. ... In fish and reptiles, the pigments are stored in melanosomes (chromatophores) that can be redistributed in the cytoplasm to change pigment patterns. ... Synonym: melanodendrocyte. ... Origin: …

pigment cells of iris
Cell's of the stromal layer of the iris; in dark eyes (but not in blue) they contain granules of pigment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigment cells of retina
Cell's in the outermost layer of the retina that contain pigment granules. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigment cirrhosis
Cirrhosis of the liver associated with dark brown discoloration seen in haemochromatosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigment epitheliopathy
An acute disease manifested by rapid loss of vision, and multifocal, cream-coloured placoid lesions of the retinal pigment epithelium; resolves with restoration of vision. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigment epithelium
Epithelium composed of cells containing granules of pigment or melanin, as in the retinal or iris pigment layer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigment epithelium of eye
Epithelium in the retina, ciliary body, and iris containing pigment granules. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pigment epithelium of optic retina
Synonym for pars pigmentosa ... pigmented part of retina ...

pigment induration of the lung
Synonym for brown induration of the lung ... A condition characterised by firmness of the lungs, and a brown colour associated with haemosiderin-pigmented macrophages in alveoli, consequent upon long-continued congestion due to heart disease. ... Synonym: pigment induration of the lung. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigmentary cirrhosis
Cirrhosis resulting from excessive deposits of iron in the liver, usually seen in haemochromatosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigmentary glaucoma
Glaucoma associated with erosion of pigment from the posterior iris, and with an accumulation of pigment particles in the trabecular meshwork. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigmentary retinopathy
Synonym for retinitis pigmentosa ... <ophthalmology> Disease caused by overactivity of the pigmented retinal epithelial cells, leading to damage and occlusion of photoreceptors and blindness. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

pigmentary syphilid
Lesions of secondary syphilis consisting of rounded white macules on the trunk. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigmentation
1. The deposition of colouring matter, the colouration or discolouration of a part by pigment. ... 2. Colouration, especially abnormally increased colouration, by melanin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

pigmented ameloblastoma
Synonym for melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy ... A benign neoplasm of neuroectodermal origin that most often involves the anterior maxilla of infants in the first year of life. It presents clinically as a rapidly growing blue-black lesion producing a destructive radiolucency; histologically, it is characterised by small round undifferenti …

pigmented epulis
Synonym for melanotic neuroectodermal tumour of infancy ... A benign neoplasm of neuroectodermal origin that most often involves the anterior maxilla of infants in the first year of life. It presents clinically as a rapidly growing blue-black lesion producing a destructive radiolucency; histologically, it is characterised by small round undifferenti …

pigmented hair epidermal nevus
Synonym for Becker's nevus ... A nevus first seen as an irregular pigmentation of the shoulders, upper chest, or scapular area, gradually enlarging irregularly and becoming thickened and hairy. ... Synonym: pigmented hair epidermal nevus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigmented keratic precipitates
Precipitate's that occur in eyes with brown irides or after prolonged inflammation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigmented layer of ciliary body
Synonym for stratum pigmenti corporis ciliaris ... The continuation of the pigment layer of the retina onto the posterior aspect of the ciliary body. ... Synonym: pigmented layer of ciliary body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigmented layer of iris
Synonym for stratum pigmenti iridis ... The double layer of pigmented epithelium on the posterior surface of the iris. ... Synonym: pigmented layer of iris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigmented layer of retina
The outer layer of the retina, consisting of pigmented epithelium. ... Synonym: ectoretina, stratum pigmenti bulbi, stratum pigmenti retinae, tapetum nigrum, tapetum oculi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigmented liver
A liver that contains pigment, such as occurs in Dubin-Johnson syndrome, haemochromatosis, long-standing malaria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigmented part of retina
Synonym for pars pigmentosa ... pigmented part of retina ...

pigmented retinal epithelium
Layer of unusual phagocytic epithelial cells lying below the photoreceptors of the vertebrate eye. The dorsal surface of the PRE cell is closely apposed to the ends of the rods and as discs are shed from the rod outer segment they are internalised and digested by the PRE. Do not have desmosomes or cytokeratins in some species. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

pigmented villonodular synovitis
<radiology> Monoarthritis, young adults, erosions on BOTH sides of joint (!), probably inflammatory, haemosiderin deposited in synovium, articular cartilage preserved (despite extensive marginal erosions; similar to gout), NO calcification Differential diagnosis: TB (associated atrophy of muscle and bone), rheumatoid arthritis (symmetrical), …

pigmentolysin
An antibody causing destruction of pigment. ... Origin: L. Pigmentum, pigment, + G. Lysis, a loosening ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigments
Any normal or abnormal colouring matter in plants, animals, or micro-organisms. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

pigmentum nigrum
Melanin of the choroid coat of the eye. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pignet, Maurice-C
<person> French surgeon, *1871. ... See: Pignet's formula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Pignet's formula
See: Black's formula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pigskin
1. The skin of a pig, used chiefly for making saddles; hence, a colloquial or slang term for a saddle. ... 2. <clinical sign> Soft skin in which follicles are widely dilated; seen in pretibial myxoedema. ... (08 Mar 2000) ...

pigtail
One name for the covalent assembly of sugars linked to phosphatidyl inositol joined to the C terminal residue of many proteins by a modified ethanolamine residue. Also called a greasy foot. Another term for this modification is glypiation. The function of the pigtail is to act as the sole anchor of the protein to the external surface of the lipid b …

pigtail catheter
An angiographic catheter with a tightly curled end to reduce the impact of the injectant on the vessel wall. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

PIH
<abbreviation> Prolactin-inhibiting hormone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pike
1. A foot soldier's weapon, consisting of a long wooden shaft or staff, with a pointed steel head. It is now superseded by the bayonet. ... 2. A pointed head or spike; especially, one in the center of a shield or target. ... 3. A hayfork. ... 4. A pick. ... 5. A pointed or peaked hill. ... 6. A large haycock. ... 7. A turnpike; a toll bar. ... 8. <zool …

pilar
Pilary ... Synonym: hairy. ... Origin: L. Pilus, hair ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pilar cyst
A common cyst of the skin and subcutis which contains sebum and keratin, and is lined by pale-staining stratified epithelial cells derived from follicular trichilemma. ... Synonym: trichilemmal cyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pilar tumour of scalp
A solitary tumour of the scalp in elderly women that may ulcerate; microscopically resembles squamous cell carcinoma composed of glycogen-rich clear cells, but is benign. ... Synonym: proliferating tricholemmal cyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pile
1. To lay or throw into a pile or heap; to heap up; to collect into a mass; to accumulate; to amass; often with up; as, to pile up wood. 'Hills piled on hills.' . 'Life piled on life.' . 'The labour of an age in piled stones.' (Milton) ... 2. To cover with heaps; or in great abundance; to fill or overfill; to load. To pile arms or muskets, to place …

pileated
1. Having the form of a cap for the head. ... 2. <zoology> Having a crest covering the pileus, or whole top of the head. ... <zoology> Pileated woodpecker, a large American woodpecker (Ceophloeus pileatus). It is black, with a bright red pointed crest. ... Synonym: logcock, and woodcock. ... Origin: L. Pileatus, fr. Pileus a felt cap or hat …

pileous
Synonym: hairy. ... Origin: L. Pilus, hair ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pileous gland
A sebaceous gland emptying into the hair follicle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

pili
Thread-like structures present on some bacteria. Pili are shorter thanflagella and are used to adhere bacteria to oneanother during mating and to adhere to animal cells. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...