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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

plasmodium knowlesi
A protozoan parasite from southeast asia that causes monkey malaria. It is naturally acquired by man in malaysia and can also be transmitted experimentally to humans. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Plasmodium kochi
A Plasmodium species now recognised as Hepatocystis kochi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plasmodium malariae
A protozoan parasite that occurs primarily in subtropical and temperate areas. It is the causal agent of quartan malaria. As the parasite grows it exhibits little ameboid activity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Plasmodium ovale
A species that is the agent of the least common form of human malaria; resembles Plasmodium vivax in its earlier stages, but often modifies the cell membrane, causing it to form a fimbriated outline, and often assume an oval shape; Schuffner's dots are abundant and appear early, host cells are normal or only slightly enlarged, and only about 8 to 1 …

Plasmodium relictum
A species of worldwide distribution found in pigeons, doves, ducks, swans, and a great variety of other birds; it is highly pathogenic in pigeons, game birds, and others to which this strain is poorly adapted, causing anaemia, weakness, and often death. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plasmodium vivax
A protozoan parasite that causes vivax malaria (malaria, vivax). This species is found almost everywhere malaria is endemic and is the only one that has a range extending into the temperate regions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

plasmodium yoelii
A species of plasmodium causing malaria in rodents. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Plasmodromata
A former taxonomic category that included ameboid and flagellate Protozoa in which the nucleus is not separated into reproductive (micro-) and vegetative (macro-) portions; equivalent to the present phylum Sarcomastigophora. ... Origin: plasmo-+ G. Dromos, a running, a course ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plasmogamy
Union of two or more cells with preservation of the individual nuclei; formation of a plasmodium. ... Synonym: plasmatogamy, plastogamy. ... Origin: plasmo-+ G. Gamos, marriage ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plasmoid
<physics> An isolated plasma which holds together for a duration much longer than the collision times for the constituent particles. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

plasmokinin
Synonym for factor viii ... A coagulation (clotting) factor. Classic haemophilia (haemophilia A) is due to a congenital deficiency in the amount (or activity) of factor VIII. Factor VIII is also known as antihemophiliac factor (AHF) or antihemophiliac globulin (AHG). The gene for factor VIII (that for classic haemophilia) is on the X chromosome so f …

plasmolemma
Synonym for cell membrane ... <cell biology> The structure enveloping a cell, enclosing the cytoplasm and forming a selective permeability barrier. ... It consists of lipids, proteins and some carbohydrates, the lipids thought to form a bilayer in which integral proteins are embedded to varying degrees. ... Synonym: plasma membrane. ... (26 Mar 1 …

plasmolysis
<plant biology> Process by which the plant cell protoplast shrinks, so that the plasma membrane becomes partly detached from the wall. ... Occurs in solutions of high osmotic potential, due to water moving out of the protoplast by osmosis. ... (31 Dec 1997) ...

plasmolytic
Relating to plasmolysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plasmolyze
To cause the dissolution of the cellular constituents. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plasmon
The total of the extrachromosomal genetic properties of the eukaryotic cell cytoplasm. ... Synonym: plasmotype. ... Origin: cytoplasm + -on ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plasmorrhexis
The splitting open of a cell from the pressure of the protoplasm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plasmoschisis
The splitting of protoplasm into fragments. ... Origin: plasmo-+ G. Schisis, a cleaving ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plasmosin
A highly viscous substance in cytoplasm containing discrete fibres of considerable length; a nucleoprotein regarded as the structural foundation of the cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plasmotomy
A form of mitosis in multinuclear protozoan cells in which the cytoplasm divides into two or more masses, later reproducing, in some cases by sporulation. ... Origin: plasmo-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plasmotropic
Pertaining to or manifesting plasmotropism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plasmotropism
A condition in which the bone marrow, spleen, and liver are sites for the destruction of the erythrocytes, as opposed to destruction in the circulating blood. ... Origin: plasmo-+ G. Trope, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plasmotype
Synonym for plasmon ... The total of the extrachromosomal genetic properties of the eukaryotic cell cytoplasm. ... Synonym: plasmotype. ... Origin: cytoplasm + -on ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plasmozyme
Synonym: prothrombin. ... Origin: plasmo-+ G. Zyme, leaven ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastein
Insoluble polypeptide formed through the random condensation of amino acids or peptides under the catalytic influence of a proteinase-like chymotrypsin; molecular weights as high as 500,000 are reported. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plaster
1. <medicine> An external application of a consistency harder than ointment, prepared for use by spreading it on linen, leather, silk, or other material. It is adhesive at the ordinary temperature of the body, and is used, according to its composition, to produce a medicinal effect, to bind parts together, etc.; as, a porous plaster; sticking …

plaster bandage
A roller bandage impregnated with plaster of Paris and applied moist; used to make a rigid dressing for a fracture or diseased joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plaster of Paris disease
Atrophy of bone in a limb which has been encased for some time in a plaster of Paris splint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plaster splint
A splint constructed of bandages impregnated with plaster of Paris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastibase
<chemical> Used in patch tests for metal antigens; consists of 5% low molecular weight polyethylene and 95% mineral oil ... Synonym: jelene ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

plastic
1. Having the power to give form or fashion to a mass of matter; as, the plastic hand of the Creator. 'See plastic Nature working to his end.' (Pope) ... 2. Capable of being molded, formed, or modeled, as clay or plaster; used also figuratively; as, the plastic mind of a child. ... 3. Pertaining or appropriate to, or characteristic of, molding or mod …

plastic anatomy
Synonym for clastic anatomy ... <procedure> The construction or study of models in layers which can be removed one after the other to show the structure of the organism and/or organ. ... Synonym: plastic anatomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastic bronchitis
Synonym for fibrinous bronchitis ... Inflammation of the bronchial mucous membrane, accompanied by a fibrinous exudation, which often forms a cast of the bronchial tree with severe obstruction of air flow. ... Synonym: plastic bronchitis, pseudomembranous bronchitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastic corpuscle
Synonym for exudation corpuscle ... A cell present in an exudate that assists in the organization of new tissue. ... Synonym: exudation cell, inflammatory corpuscle, plastic corpuscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastic cyclitis
Inflammation of the ciliary body, and usually of the entire uveal tract, with a fibrinous exudation into the anterior and vitreous chambers. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastic embedding
The infiltrating of histological specimens with plastics, including acrylic resins, epoxy resins and polyethylene glycol, for support of the tissues in preparation for sectioning with a microtome. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

plastic induration
Sclerosis of corpus cavernosum of penis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastic iritis
Iritis with a fibrinous exudation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastic lymph
Inflammatory lymph that has a tendency to become organised. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastic motor
An artificial point of attachment on an amputation stump to which is fastened the cord or extensor by which movement is transmitted to an artificial limb; used in cinematization. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastic operation
Synonym for plastic surgery ... The surgical specialty or procedure concerned with the restoration, construction, reconstruction, or improvement in the shape and appearance of body structures that are missing, defective, damaged, or misshapen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastic pleurisy
Synonym for dry pleurisy ... Pleurisy with a fibrinous exudation, without an effusion of serum, resulting in adhesion between the opposing surfaces of the pleura. ... Synonym: adhesive pleurisy, fibrinous pleurisy, plastic pleurisy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastic restoration material
In dentistry, any material that may be shaped directly to the tooth cavity, such as amalgam, cement, or resin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastic section stain
<technique> For electron microscopy, a stain (e.g., osmic acid, PTA, potassium permanganate) used on thin sections of plastic-embedded tissues, utilizing differential attachment of heavy atoms to various cellular and tissue structures so that electrons will be absorbed and scattered by these structures to produce an image; to achieve differen …

plastic surgeon
A surgeon who specialises in reducing scarring or disfigurement that may occur as a result of accidents, birth defects, or treatment for diseases (such as melanoma). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

plastic surgery
The surgical specialty or procedure concerned with the restoration, construction, reconstruction, or improvement in the shape and appearance of body structures that are missing, defective, damaged, or misshapen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastic teeth
Artificial teeth constructed of synthetic resins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plasticisers
Materials incorporated mechanically in plastics (usually pvc) to increase flexibility, workability or distensibility; due to the non-chemical inclusion, plasticisers leach out from the plastic and are found in body fluids and the general environment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

plastics
Polymeric materials (usually organic) of large molecular weight which can be shaped by flow. Plastic usually refers to the final product with fillers, plasticisers, pigments, and stabilisers included (versus the resin, the homogeneous polymeric starting material). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

plastid
<cell biology> Type of plant cell organelle, surrounded by a double membrane and often containing elaborate internal membrane systems. ... Partially autonomous, containing some DNA, RNA and ribosomes and reproducing itself by binary fission. Includes amyloplasts, chloroplasts, chromoplasts, etioplasts, leucoplasts, proteinoplasts and elaioplas …

plastide
1. <biology> A formative particle of albuminous matter; a monad; a cytode. See the Note under Morphon. ... 2. <botany> One of the many minute granules found in the protoplasm of vegetable cells. They are divided by their colours into three classes, chloroplastids, chromoplastids, and leucoplastids. ... Origin: Gr, a creator. ... Source: We …

plastids
Self-replicating cytoplasmic organelles of plant and algal cells that contain pigments and may synthesise and accumulate various substances. Plastids are used in phylogenetic studies. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

plastin
<protein> Microfilament bundling protein from mammalian cells very similar to fimbrin with two actin binding domains. Two forms, l plastin (627 residues, may be identical to acumentin) from leucocytes and t plastin (630 residues). ... See: p65. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

plastochromanol-3
Plastochromanol E3 ... A gamma-tocotrienol. ... See: tocotrienol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastochromenol-8
The chromenol (isomeric) form of plastoquinone-9. ... Synonym: solanochromene. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastocyanin
<protein> An electron carrying protein present in chloroplasts, forming part of the electron transport chain. Contains two copper atoms per molecule. Associated with photosystem I. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

plastogamy
Synonym for plasmogamy ... Union of two or more cells with preservation of the individual nuclei; formation of a plasmodium. ... Synonym: plasmatogamy, plastogamy. ... Origin: plasmo-+ G. Gamos, marriage ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastoglobuli
<cell biology> Globules found in plastids, containing principally lipid, including plastoquinone. ... (31 Dec 1997) ...

plastoquinone
<plant biology> A quinone present in chloroplasts, forming part of the photosynthetic electron transport chain. Closely associated with photosystem II. May be stored in plastoglobuli. ... (31 Dec 1997) ...

plastoquinone-9
2,3-Dimethyl-6-nonaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinone;one of a group of vitamins E and K and coenzymes Q; the isomeric form is plastochromenol-8; a participant in photosynthetic electron transport. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plastron
1. A piece of leather stuffed or padded, worn by fencers to protect the breast. ... 3. An iron breastplate, worn under the hauberk. ... 3. <anatomy> The ventral shield or shell of tortoises and turtles. See Testudinata. ... 4. A trimming for the front of a woman's dress, made of a different material, and narrowing from the shoulders to the waist …

plasty
1. Surgical procedure for repair of a defect or restoration of form and/or function of a part. ... 2. <suffix> Molding, shaping or the result thereof, as of a surgical procedure. ... Origin: G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plate
1. A flat, or nearly flat, piece of metal, the thickness of which is small in comparison with the other dimensions; a thick sheet of metal; as, a steel plate. ... 2. Metallic armor composed of broad pieces. 'Mangled . . . Through plate and mail.' (Milton) ... 3. Domestic vessels and utensils, as flagons, dishes, cups, etc, wrought in gold or silver.< …

plate of modiolus
A bony plate, the continuation of the modiolus and of the septum between the convolutions of the spiral canal of the cochlea extending upward toward the cupola, forming with the hamulus the helicotrema. ... Synonym: lamina modioli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plate-gilled
<marine biology, zoology> Having flat, or leaf like, gills, as the bivalve mollusks. ... (19 Mar 1998) ...

plateau
A flat elevated segment of a graphic record. ... Origin: Fr. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plateau iris
In angle-closure glaucoma, a flat appearance of the iris rather than a forward convexity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plateau phase
<oncology> Stable stage of disease in multiple myeloma following good response to anti-cancer treatment. ... (31 Dec 1997) ...

plateau pulse
A slow, sustained pulse. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Plateau-Talbot law
When successive light stimuli follow each other sufficiently rapidly to become fused, their apparent brightness is diminished. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Plateau, Joseph Antoine Ferdinand
<person> Belgian physicist, 1801-1883. ... See: Plateau-Talbot law. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

platelet
<haematology> A discoid cell (3m diameter) found in large numbers in blood, important for blood coagulation and for haemostasis by repairing breaches (small breaks) in the walls of blood vessels. ... Platelet _ granules contain lysosomal enzymes, dense granules contain ADP (a potent platelet aggregating factor) and serotonin (a vasoactive amin …

platelet activation
A series of progressive, overlapping events triggered by exposure of the platelets to subendothelial tissue. These events include shape change, adhesiveness, aggregation, and release reactions. When carried through to completion, these events lead to the formation of a stable haemostatic plug. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

platelet actomyosin
The contractile protein of platelets, responsible for clot retraction, platelet aggregation, and release of ADP and other biologic amines essential to platelet function. ... Synonym: thrombosthenin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

platelet adhesiveness
The process whereby platelets adhere to something other than platelets, e.g., collagen, basement membranes, microfibrils, or other 'foreign' surfaces. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

platelet aggregation
The attachment of platelets to one another. This clumping together can be induced by a number of agents (e.g., thrombin, collagen) and is part of the mechanism leading to the formation of a thrombus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

platelet aggregation inhibitors
Drugs or agents which antagonise or impair any mechanism leading to blood platelet aggregation, whether during the phases of activation and shape change or following the dense-granule release reaction and stimulation of the prostaglandin-thromboxane system. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

platelet aggregation test
A test of the ability of platelets to adhere to each other and hence form a haemostatic plug to prevent bleeding; failure to aggregate occurs in several conditions, e.g., thrombasthenia, Von Willebrand's disease, and following administration of aspirin, phenylbutazone, and indomethacin; the test is conducted by quantitating the decrease in turbidit …

platelet basic protein
<protein> Protein that is the precursor of connective tissue activating peptide III and _ thromboglobulin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

platelet cofactor I
Synonym for factor viii ... A coagulation (clotting) factor. Classic haemophilia (haemophilia A) is due to a congenital deficiency in the amount (or activity) of factor VIII. Factor VIII is also known as antihemophiliac factor (AHF) or antihemophiliac globulin (AHG). The gene for factor VIII (that for classic haemophilia) is on the X chromosome so f …

platelet cofactor II
Synonym for factor ix ... <chemical> Storage-stable blood coagulation factor acting in the intrinsic pathway. Its activated form, ixa, forms a complex with factor viii and calcium on platelet factor 3 to activate factor x to xa. Deficiency of factor ix results in christmas disease (haemophilia b). ... Chemical name: Blood-coagulation factor IX< …

platelet factor 3
<haematology> Phospholipid associated with the platelet plasma membrane that contributes to the blood clotting cascade by forming a complex (thromboplastin) with other plasma proteins and activating prothrombin. ... (31 Dec 1997) ...

platelet factor 4
<haematology> Platelet released protein that promotes blood clotting by neutralising heparin. ... (31 Dec 1997) ...

platelet function disorders
<haematology> Platelet function can be affected by a number of different disease processes including polycythaemia vera, leukaemia, myelofibrosis, renal failure, multiple myeloma and some medications (for example penicillins, salicylates, phenothiazines). ... Disturbed blood clotting can be manifested by: easy bruising, bleeding gums, noseblee …

platelet membrane glycoproteins
Surface glycoproteins on platelets which have a key role in haemostasis and thrombosis such as platelet adhesion and aggregation. Many of these are receptors. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

platelet storage pool deficiency
A group of disorders characterised by a decrease or lack of platelet dense bodies in which the releasable pool of adenine nucleotides and 5ht are normally stored. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

platelet thrombosis
Thrombosis due to an abnormal accumulation of platelets. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

platelet tissue factor
Synonym for thromboplastin ... <haematology> Traditional name for substance in plasma that converts prothrombin to thrombin. Now known not to be a single substance. (See thrombin). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

platelet transfusion
The transfer of blood platelets from a donor to a recipient or reinfusion to the donor. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

platelet-derived growth factor
<growth factor> The major mitogen in serum for growth in culture of cells of connective tissue origin. It consists of 2 different but homologous polypeptides A and B (~30,000 D) linked by disulphide bonds. Believed to play a role in wound healing. ... It is carried in the alpha-granules of platelets and is released when platelets adhere to tra …

plateletpheresis
The preparation of platelet concentrates with the return of red cells and platelet-poor plasma to the donor. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

platelets
A particle found in the bloodstream that binds to fibrinogen at the site of a wound to begin the blood clotting process. Platelets are formed in bone marrow, where they arise from cells called megakaryocytes. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

platelike atelectasis
Synonym for subsegmental atelectasis ... Collapse of the portion of the lung distal to an obstructed subsegmental bronchus, manifested as a linear opacity on a chest radiograph. ... See: Fleischner lines. ... Synonym: platelike atelectasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

plating
1. The art or process of covering anything with a plate or plates, or with metal, particularly of overlaying a base or dull metal with a thin plate of precious or bright metal, as by mechanical means or by electromagnetic deposition. ... 2. A thin coating of metal laid upon another metal. ... 3. A coating or defensive armor of metal (usually steel) p …

platinum
<chemistry> A metallic element, intermediate in value between silver and gold, occurring native or alloyed with other metals, also as the platinum arsenide (sperrylite). It is heavy tin-white metal which is ductile and malleable, but very infusible, and characterised by its resistance to strong chemical reagents. It is used for crucibles, for …

platinum compounds
Inorganic compounds which contain platinum as the central atom. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

platinum foil
Pure platinum rolled into extremely thin sheets; its high fusing point makes it suitable as a matrix for various soldering procedures in dentistry, and also suitable for providing internal form to porcelain restorations during their fabrication. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

platinum group
A group of six amphoteric elements: iridium, osmium, palladium, platinum, rhodium, and ruthenium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

platonical
1. Of or pertaining to Plato, or his philosophy, school, or opinions. ... 2. Pure, passionless; nonsexual; philosophical. Platonic bodies, the five regular geometrical solids; namely, the tetrahedron, hexahedron or cube, octahedron, dodecahedron, and icosahedron. Platonic love, a pure, spiritual affection, subsisting between persons of opposite sex, …

platonism
1. The doctrines or philosophy by Plato or of his followers. ... Plato believed God to be an infinitely wise, just, and powerful Spirit; and also that he formed the visible universe out of preexistent amorphous matter, according to perfect patterns of ideas eternally existent in his own mind. Philosophy he considered as being a knowledge of the true …