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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

inscrutable
Unsearchable; incapable of being searched into and understood by inquiry or study; impossible or difficult to be explained or accounted for satisfactorily; obscure; incomprehensible; as, an inscrutable design or event. ''T is not in man To yield a reason for the will of Heaven Which is inscrutable.' (Beau. & Fl) 'Waiving a question so inscrutab …

insect
1. <zoology> One of the Insecta; especially, one of the Hexapoda. See Insecta. ... The hexapod insects pass through three stages during their growth, viz, the larva, pupa, and imago or adult, but in some of the orders the larva differs little from the imago, except in lacking wings, and the active pupa is very much like the larva, except in ha …

insect bites and stings
Bites and stings inflicted by insects. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

insect control
The reduction or regulation of the population of noxious, destructive, or dangerous insects through chemical, biological, or other means. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

insect defensins
Synonym for defensins ... <biochemistry> Family of small (30-35 residue) cysteine rich cationic proteins found in vertebrate phagocytes (notably the azurophil granules of neutrophils) and active against bacteria, fungi and enveloped viruses. ... May constitute up to 5% of the total protein. Insect defensins have some sequence homology with the …

insect hormones
Hormones secreted by insects. They influence their growth and development. Also synthetic substances that act like insect hormones. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

insect proteins
Proteins found in any species of insect. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

insect repellents
Substances causing insects to turn away from them or reject them as food. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

insect stings
Stings from large stinging insects such as bees, hornets, yellow jackets and wasps can trigger allergic reactions varying greatly in severity. Avoidance and prompt treatment are essential. In selected cases, allergy injection therapy is highly effective. (the three a's of insect allergy are adrenaline, avoidance and allergist.) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

insect viruses
Viruses infecting insects, the largest family being baculoviridae. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

insecta
1. <zoology> One of the classes of Arthropoda, including those that have one pair of antennae, three pairs of mouth organs, and breathe air by means of tracheae, opening by spiracles along the sides of the body. In this sense it includes the Hexapoda, or six-legged insects and the Myriapoda, with numerous legs. See Insect. ... 2. <zoology&g …

insectarium
Place for keeping and breeding insects for scientific purposes. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

insecticide
<pharmacology> A chemical used to kill insects. Insecticides are a type of pesticide. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

insecticide resistance
The development by insects of resistance to insecticide. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

insecticide, botanical
Insecticide derived from plant materials. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

insecticide, carbamate
Insecticide, which owe their activity to the carbamate moiety in the molecule. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

insecticide, organochlorine
A class of insecticide composed of chlorinated organic compounds. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

insecticide, organophosphate
A class of insecticide composed of an organic radical bound to a phosphorus-containing radical. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

insecticide, organothiophosphate
A class of insecticide composed of an organic radical bound to a thiophosphorus acid radical. One or more of the oxygen atoms of the phosphorus acid radical may be replaced by one or more sulfur atoms. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

insectifuge
A substance that drives off insects. ... Origin: insect + L. Fugo, to put to flight ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

insectivora
<zoology> ... 1. An order of mammals which feed principally upon insects. ... They are mostly of small size, and their molar teeth have sharp cusps. most of the species burrow in the earth, and many of those of cold climates hibernate in winter. The order includes the moles, shrews, hedgehogs, tanrecs, and allied animals, also the colugo. ... 2. …

insectivorous
Describes an animal or plant that eats insects. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

insects
Insects are a class, insecta, of arthropoda whose members are characterised by division into three parts: head, thorax, and abdomen. They are the dominant group of animals on earth, several hundred thousand different kinds having been described. They have lived on earth for about 350 million years, as compared with less than 2 million for man. Whil …

insecurity
A feeling of unprotectedness and helplessness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

insemination
Deposit of seminal fluid within the vagina, normally during coitus. ... Synonym: semination. ... Origin: L. In-semino, pp. -atus, to sow or plant in, fr. Semen, seed ... Artificial insemination, the introduction of semen into the vagina other than by coitus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

insemination, artificial
Artificial introduction of semen into the vagina for the purpose of inducing conception. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

insenescence
The process of growing old. ... Origin: L. Insenesco, to begin to grow old ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

insensible
Synonym: unconscious. ... 2. Not appreciable by the senses. ... Origin: L. In-sensibilis, fr. In, neg. + sentio, pp. Sensus, to feel ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

insensible perspiration
Perspiration that evaporates before it is perceived as moisture on the skin; the term sometimes includes evaporation from the lungs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

insensible thirst
Synonym for hypodipsia ... A physiologic condition, perhaps caused by hypertonicity of body fluids, insufficient to initiate drinking but at times sufficient to sustain drinking when started; loosely, oligodipsia. ... Synonym: insensible thirst, subliminal thirst. ... Origin: hypo-+ G. Dipsa, thirst ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

insert
1. An additional length of base pairs in DNA that has been introduced into that DNA. ... 2. An additional length of bases that has been introduced into RNA. ... 3. An additional length of amino acids that has been introduced into a protein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inserted
Attached to, arising from. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

insertin
<protein> Protein (30 kD) from chicken gizzard smooth muscle. Binds to the barbed ends of actin filaments and apparently allows insertion of further monomers. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

insertion
1. <anatomy> The place of attachment, as of a muscle to the bone which it moves. ... 2. <genetics> A rare nonreciprocal translocation involving three breaks in which a segment is removed from one chromosome and then inserted into a broken region of a nonhomologous chromosome. ... Origin: L. Inserere = to join to ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

insertion mutation
A mutation caused by the insertion of at least one extra nucleotide basein a DNA sequence. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

insertion sequence
Mobile nucleotide sequences that occur naturally in the genomes of bacterial populations. When inserted into bacterial DNA, they inactivate the gene concerned, when they are removed the gene regains its activity. Closely related to transposons and range in size from a few hundred to a few thousand bases, but are usually less than 1500 bases. ... (18 …

insertional inactivation
The inactivation of a gene due to the insertion of exogenous genetic material into that gene. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

insertional mutagenesis
Generally, mutagenesis of DNA by the insertion of one or more bases. Specific examples: ... 1. Oncogenesis by insertion of a retrovirus adjacent to a cellular proto-oncogene. ... 2. A strategy of mutagenesis with transposons. After a round of transposition, progeny are screened by PCR, with transposon and gene specific primers, for the proximity of t …

insertosome
Synonym for insertion sequence ... Mobile nucleotide sequences that occur naturally in the genomes of bacterial populations. When inserted into bacterial DNA, they inactivate the gene concerned, when they are removed the gene regains its activity. Closely related to transposons and range in size from a few hundred to a few thousand bases, but are us …

inservice training
On the job training programs for personnel carried out within an institution or agency. It includes orientation programs. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

insessor
<ornithology, zoology> One of the Insessores. The group includes most of the common singing birds. ... (06 Mar 1998) ...

insheathed
Enclosed in a sheath or capsule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inside
1. Being within; included or inclosed in anything; contained; interior; internal; as, the inside passengers of a stagecoach; inside decoration. 'Kissing with inside lip.' (Shak) ... 2. Adapted to the interior. Inside callipers, a general term for the final work in any building necessary for its completion, but other than unusual decoration; thus, in …

inside out patch
A variant of the patch clamp technique, in which a disc of plasma membrane covers the tip of the electrode, with the inner face of the plasma membrane facing outward, to the bath. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

inside out vesicle
Mechanical disruption of cell membranes gives rise to small closed vesicles surrounded by a bilayer membrane. These may be right side out (ROV) or IOV if the topography is inverted. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

insidious
1. Lying in wait; watching an opportunity to insnare or entrap; deceitful; sly; treacherous; said of persons; as, the insidious foe. 'The insidious witch.' ... 2. Intended to entrap; characterised by treachery and deceit; as, insidious arts. 'The insidious whisper of the bad angel. ... <medicine>' (Hawthorne) Insidious disease, a disease existi …

insidiously
Having a imperceptible commencement, as of a disease with a late manifestation of definite symptoms. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

insight
Self-understanding as to the motives and reasons behind one's own actions or those of another's. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

insight learning
The grasp of the solution to a problem without the intervening series of the trial and error steps that are associated with most types of learning (e.g., a monkey housed behind the bars of a cage who, without proceeding through countless hours of futile attempts with one stick or the other, fits two sticks together to retrieve a banana outside the …

insinuate
1. To introduce gently or slowly, as by a winding or narrow passage, or a gentle, persistent movement. 'The water easily insinuates itself into, and placidly distends, the vessels of vegetables.' (Woodward) ... 2. To introduce artfully; to infuse gently; to instill. 'All the art of rhetoric, besides order and clearness, are for nothing else but to i …

insipid
1. Wanting in the qualities which affect the organs of taste; without taste or savor; vapid; tasteless; as, insipid drink or food. ... 2. Wanting in spirit, life, or animation; uninteresting; weak; vapid; flat; dull; heavy; as, an insipid woman; an insipid composition. 'Flat, insipid, and ridiculous stuff to him.' (South) 'But his wit is faint, and …

insociable
1. Incapable of being associated, joined, or connected. 'Lime and wood are insociable.' (Sir H. Wotton) ... 2. Not sociable or companionable; disinclined to social intercourse or conversation; unsociable; taciturn. 'This austere insociable life.' (Shak) ... Origin: L. Insociabilis: cf. F. Insociable. See In- not, and Sociable. ... Source: Websters Dic …

insolent
1. Deviating from that which is customary; novel; strange; unusual. 'If one chance to derive any word from the Latin which is insolent to their ears . . . They forth with make a jest at it.' (Petti) 'If any should accuse me of being new or insolent.' (Milton) ... 2. Haughty and contemptuous or brutal in behavior or language; overbearing; domineering …

insoluble
Not soluble. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

insoluble soap
Soap made with a fatty acid and an earthy or metallic base (iron or calcium salts of fatty acids). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

insomnia
Inability to sleep, abnormal wakefulness. ... Origin: L. Somnus = sleep ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

insomniac
1. A sufferer from insomnia. ... 2. Exhibiting, tending toward, or producing insomnia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

insorption
Movement of substances from the lumen of the gut into the blood. ... Origin: L. In, in, + sorbere, to suck ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inspectionism
Sexual pleasure from looking at genitals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inspector
One who inspects, views, or oversees; one to whom the supervision of any work is committed; one who makes an official view or examination, as a military or civil officer; a superintendent; a supervisor; an overseer. Inspector general, a staff officer of an army, whose duties are those of inspection, and embrace everything relative to organization, …

inspersion
Sprinkling with a fluid or a powder. ... Origin: L. Inspersio, fr. In-spergo, pp. -spersus, to scatter upon, fr. Spargo, to scatter ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inspiration
<physiology> The act of drawing air into the lungs. ... Origin: L. Inspirare, spirare = to breathe ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

inspiratory
Relating to or timed during inhalation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inspiratory capacity
The maximum volume of air that can be inspired after reaching the end of a normal, quiet expiration. It is the sum of the tidal volume and the inspiratory reserve volume. Common abbreviation is ic. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

inspiratory centre
The region of the medulla oblongata that is electrically active during inspiration and where electrical stimulation produces sustained inspiration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inspiratory reserve volume
The extra volume of air that can be inspired with maximal effort after reaching the end of a normal, quiet inspiration. Common abbreviation is irv. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

inspiratory stridor
A crowing sound during the inspiratory phase of respiration due to pathology involving the epiglottis or larynx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inspire
1. To breathe into; to fill with the breath; to animate. 'When Zephirus eek, with his sweete breath, Inspired hath in every holt and health The tender crops.' (Chaucer) 'Descend, ye Nine, descend and sing, The breathing instruments inspire.' (Pope) ... 2. To infuse by breathing, or as if by breathing. 'He knew not his Maker, and him that inspired in …

inspired gas
Any gas that is being inhaled; specifically, that gas after it has been humidified at body temperature. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inspirometer
An instrument for measuring the force, frequency, or volume of inspirations. ... Origin: L. In-spiro, to breathe in, + G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inspissate
To perform or undergo inspissation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inspissation
1. The act of thickening or condensing, as by evaporation or absorption of fluid. ... 2. An increased thickening or diminished fluidity. ... Origin: L. In, intensive, + spisso, pp. -atus, to thicken ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inspissator
An apparatus for evaporating fluids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

instability
The quality or state of being unstable. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

installation
1. The act of installing or giving possession of an office, rank, or order, with the usual rites or ceremonies; as, the installation of an ordained minister in a parish. 'On the election, the bishop gives a mandate for his installation.' (Ayliffe) ... 2. <mechanics> The whole of a system of machines, apparatus, and accessories, when set up and …

instant
1. A point in duration; a moment; a portion of time too short to be estimated; also, any particular moment. 'There is scarce an instant between their flourishing and their not being.' (Hooker) ... 2. A day of the present or current month; as, the sixth instant; an elliptical expression equivalent to the sixth of the month instant, i. E, the current …

instantaneous
1. Done or occurring in an instant, or without any perceptible duration of time; as, the passage of electricity appears to be instantaneous. 'His reason saw With instantaneous view, the truth of things.' (Thomson) ... 2. at or during a given instant; as, instantaneous acceleration, velocity, etc. ... <physics> Instantaneous center of rotation, …

instantaneous electrical axis
The resultant axis of the electromotive forces developing in the heart at any given moment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

instantaneous rate
<epidemiology> In a short time interval (e.g a week), the number of events (e.g. Births in the UK) taking place during the interval is approximately proportional to the length of the interval. The constant of proportionality is the rate at which these events occur. This argument becomes more and more exact as the length of the time interval b …

instantaneous vector
The resultant vector of the heart's action currents at any given moment, usually represented as an arrow of appropriate direction and magnitude. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

instar
An insect or other arthropod that is between molts (molting is shedding its outer shell, or exoskeleton). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

instep
The arch, or highest part of the dorsum of the foot. ... See: tarsus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

instill
To drop in; to pour in drop by drop; hence, to impart gradually; to infuse slowly; to cause to be imbibed. ... Synonym: To infuse, impart, inspire, implant, inculcate, insinuate. ... Origin: L. Instillare = to drop, instillatum; fr. Stilla a drop: cf. F. Instiller. ... (27 Oct 1998) ...

instillation
To drop in; to pour in drop by drop; hence, to impart gradually; to infuse slowly; to cause to be imbibed. ... Synonym: To infuse, impart, inspire, implant, inculcate, insinuate. ... Origin: L. Instillatio, from stillare = to drop ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

instillation, drug
The administration of therapeutic agents drop by drop, as eye drops, ear drops, or nose drops. It is also administered into a body space or cavity through a catheter. It differs from irrigation in that the irrigate is removed within minutes, but the instillate is left in place. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

instillator
A device for performing instillation. ... Synonym: dropper. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

instinct
1. Natural inward impulse; unconscious, involuntary, or unreasoning prompting to any mode of action, whether bodily, or mental, without a distinct apprehension of the end or object to be accomplished. 'An instinct is a propensity prior to experience, and independent of instructions.' (Paley) 'An instinct is a blind tendency to some mode of action, …

instinctive
Of or pertaining to instinct; derived from, or prompted by, instinct; of the nature of instinct; determined by natural impulse or propensity; acting or produced without reasoning, deliberation, instruction, or experience; spontaneous. 'Instinctive motion.' . 'Instinctive dread.' 'With taste instinctive give Each grace appropriate.' (Mason) 'Have we …

institute
1. The act of instituting; institution. 'Water sanctified by Christ's institute.' ... 2. That which is instituted, established, or fixed, as a law, habit, or custom. ... 3. Hence: An elementary and necessary principle; a precept, maxim, or rule, recognised as established and authoritative; usually in the plural, a collection of such principles and pr …

institute of medicine
Identifies, for study and analysis, important issues and problems that relate to health and medicine. The institute initiates and conducts studies of national policy and planning for health care and health-related education and research; it also responds to requests from the federal government and other agencies for studies and advice. ... (12 Dec 1 …

institution
1. The act or process of instituting; as: Establishment; foundation; enactment; as, the institution of a school. 'The institution of God's law is described as being established by solemn injunction.' (Hooker) ... Instruction; education. ... The act or ceremony of investing a clergyman with the spiritual part of a benefice, by which the care of souls …

institutional management teams
Administrator-selected management groups who are responsible for making decisions pertaining to the provision of integrated direction for various institutional functions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

institutional practice
Professional practice as an employee or contractee of a health care institution. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

institutionalization
The caring for individuals in institutions and their adaptation to routines characteristic of the institutional environment, and/or their loss of adaptation to life outside the institution. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

instrascene dynamic range
<microscopy> The greatest ratio of highlight to shadow brightness to within a single scene that a video camera (tube) can handle usefully. Contrast with the usable light range of a camera, which is considerably greater than the instrascene dynamic range. ... See: illumination, Kohler. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

instream cover
Areas of shelter in a stream channel that provide aquatic organisms protection from predators or competitors and/or a place in which to rest and conserve energy due to a reduction in the force of the current. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

instruction
The act of furnishing with authoritative directions. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

instructive theory
Theory of antibody production, now considered untenable, in which antigen acted as template for the production of specific antibody as opposed to the clonal selection theory in which pre existing variation occurs and appropriate clones are selectively expanded. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

instrument
A tool or implement. ... Origin: L. Instrumentum ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

instrumental
1. Acting as an instrument; serving as a means; contributing to promote; conductive; helpful; serviceable; as, he was instrumental in conducting the business. 'The head is not more native to the heart, The hand more instrumental to the mouth.' (Shak) ... 2. Pertaining to, made by, or prepared for, an instrument, especially. A musical instrument; as, …