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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


indulgence
1. The act of indulging or humoring; the quality of being indulgent; forbearance of restrain or control. 'If I were a judge, that word indulgence should never issue from my lips.' (Tooke) 'They err, that through indulgence to others, or fondness to any sin in themselves, substitute for repentance anything less.' (Hammond) ... 2. An indulgent act; fa …

indulgent
Prone to indulge; yielding to the wishes, humor, or appetites of those under one's care; compliant; not opposing or restraining; tolerant; mild; favorable; not severe; as, an indulgent parent. 'The indulgent censure of posterity.' (Waller) 'The feeble old, indulgent of their ease.' (Dryden) ... Origin: L. Indulgens, -entis, p. Pr. Of indulgere: cf. …

indulin -50415
A blue quinone-imine dye related to nigrosin; occasionally used as a stain in histology and bacteriology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

indulinophil
Indulinophile ... Taking an indulin stain readily. ... Origin: indulin + G. Philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

indumentum
The epidermal appendages (for example hairs or scales), collectively. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

induplicate
Folded inwards so that the outer faces of the margins are in contact. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

indurated
An excessive hardening or firmness of any body site. One of the signs of inflammation. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

induration
1. The quality of being hard, the process of hardening. ... 2. <dermatology> An abnormally hard spot or place, particularly of the skin. ... Origin: L. Induratio ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

indurative
Pertaining to, causing, or characterised by induration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

indusial
Of, pertaining to, or containing, the petrified cases of the larvae of certain insects. ... <geology> Indusial limestone, a fresh water limestone, largely composed of the agglomerated cases of caddice worms, or larvae of caddice flies (Phryganea). It is found in Miocene strata of Auvergne, France, and some other localities. ... See: Indusium.
indusium
<botany> Tissue covering the sorus of a fern. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

indusium griseum
A thin layer of gray matter on the dorsal surface of the corpus callosum in which the medial and lateral longitudinal stria lie embedded. The indusium griseum is a rudimentary component of the hippocampus, continuous caudally around the splenium of the corpus callosum with the fasciolar gyrus, a slender convolution in turn continuous with the denta …

industrial deafness
Synonym: acoustic trauma deafness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

industrial disease
A morbid condition resulting from exposure to an agent discharged by a commercial enterprise into the environment. ... Compare: occupational disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

industrial hygiene
Practices adopted by an industrial concern to minimise occupation-related disease and/or injury. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

industrial microbiology
The study, utilization, and manipulation of those microorganisms capable of economically producing desirable substances or changes in substances, and the control of undesirable microorganisms. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

industrial oils
Oils which are used in industrial or commercial applications. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

industrial psychiatry
The application of the principles of psychiatry to problems in business and industry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

industrial psychology
The application of the principles of psychology to problems in business and industry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

industrial waste
Worthless, damaged, defective, superfluous or effluent material from industrial operations. It represents an ecological problem and health hazard. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

industry
The aggregate of manufacturing or technically productive enterprises in a particular field, often named after its principle product, as 'the automobile industry', 'the steel industry'. It includes the ownership and management of companies, factories, industrial plants, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

indwelling catheter
A catheter left in place in the bladder, usually a balloon catheter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inebriant
1. Making drunk; intoxicating. ... 2. An intoxicant, such as alcohol. ... Origin: see inebriety ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inebriation
Intoxication, especially by alcohol. ... Origin: see inebriety ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inebriety
Habitual indulgence in alcoholic beverages in excessive amounts. ... Origin: L. In-intensive + ebrietas, drunkenness ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ineditus
Unpublished ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

ineffectual
Not producing the proper effect; without effect; inefficient; weak; useless; futile; unavailing; as, an ineffectual attempt; an ineffectual expedient. 'The peony root has been much commended, . . . And yet has been by many found ineffectual.' (Boyle) ... Synonym: Inefficient, useless, inefficacious, vain, fruitless, unavailing, futile. See Uselesss, …

inefficacy
Want of power to produce the desired or proper effect; inefficiency; ineffectualness; futility; uselessness; fruitlessness; as, the inefficacy of medicines or means. 'The seeming inefficacy of censures.' (Bp. Hall) 'The inefficacy was soon proved, like that of many similar medicines.' (James Gregory) ... Origin: L. Inefficacia. See In- not, and Effi …

inequality
Origin: L. Inaequalitas. ... 1. The quality of being unequal; difference, or want of equality, in any respect; lack of uniformity; disproportion; unevenness; disparity; diversity; as, an inequality in size, stature, numbers, power, distances, motions, rank, property, etc. 'There is so great an inequality in the length of our legs and arms as makes i …

inert
Unreactive. Refers to a substance which will not chemically react with anything under normal circumstances. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

inert gas narcosis
Progressive mental disturbances and unconsciousness due to breathing mixtures of oxygen and inert gases (argon, helium, xenon, krypton, and atmospheric nitrogen) at high pressure. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

inert gases
Synonym for noble gases ... Gases which are members of the zero group of the periodic system. These gases generally do not react chemically. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

inertia
Inactivity, inability to move spontaneously. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

inertia time
The interval elapsing between the reception of the stimulus from a nerve and the contraction of the muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inertial confinement fusion
<radiobiology> Approach to fusion where the plasma is imploded so quickly that the inertia of the converging particles is so high that many fuse before they disperse. This is the method used in a hydrogen bomb, ICF schemes for power production usually use small pellets of fuel in an attempt to make miniature h-bomb type explosions. Methods fo …

inevitable abortion
An abortion characterised by rupture of the membranes in the presence of cervical dilation in a previable pregnancy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infallibility
The quality or state of being infallible, or exempt from error; inerrability. 'Infallibility is the highest perfection of the knowing faculty.' (Tillotson) Papal infallibility, the dogma that the pope can not, when acting in his official character of supreme pontiff, err in defining a doctrine of Christian faith or rule of morals, to be held by the …

infallible
1. Not fallible; not capable of erring; entirely exempt from liability to mistake; unerring; inerrable. ... 2. Not liable to fail, deceive, or disappoint; indubitable; sure; certain; as, infallible evidence; infallible success; an infallible remedy. 'To whom also he showed himself alive, after his passion, by many infallible proofs.' (Acts i. 3) ... …

infamous
1. Of very bad report; having a reputation of the worst kind; held in abhorrence; guilty of something that exposes to infamy; base; notoriously vile; detestable; as, an infamous traitor; an infamous perjurer. 'False errant knight, infamous, and forsworn.' (Spenser) ... 2. Causing or producing infamy; deserving detestation; scandalous to the last deg …

infancy
Babyhood; the earliest period of extrauterine life; roughly, the first year of life. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infant
The child up to 24 months of age. The word infant is from the latin meaning not speaking. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infant behaviour
Any observable response or action of a neonate or infant up through the age of 23 months. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infant botulism
Thought to be the most common form of botulism. Infant botulism may be caused by exposure to the infected bacteria through tainted food (for example honey) containing spores. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

infant care
Care of infants in the home or institution. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infant colic
A syndrome in early infancy characterised by episodic loud crying, apparent abdominal pain (legs drawn up and rigid abdomen) and irritability. This common condition occurs in about 1 in 10 babies and lasts from 2-3 weeks of age to 3-4 months. Factors include swallowing air during feedings, overfeeding, parental anxiety and cow's milk allergy. Paren …

infant death
Death of a liveborn infant within the first year. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infant equipment
Equipment and furniture used by infants and babies in the home, car, and play area. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infant food
Food processed and manufactured for the nutritional health of children in their first year of life. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infant Hercules
Term applied to young children with precocious sexual and muscular development due to a virilizing adrenocortical disorder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infant mortality
Perinatal, neonatal, and infant deaths in a given population. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infant mortality rate
The number of children dying under a year of age divided by the number of live births that year. The infant mortality rate in the united states, which was 12.5 per 1,000 live births in 1980, fell to 9.2 per 1,000 live births in 1990. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infant nutrition
Nutrition of children from birth to 2 years of age. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infant nutrition disorders
Malnutrition, occurring in infants ages 1 month to 24 months, which is due to insufficient intake of food, dietary nutrients, or a pathophysiologic condition which prevents the absorption and utilization of food. Growth and development are markedly affected. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infant welfare
Organised efforts by communities or organizations to improve the health and well-being of the infant. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infant, low birth weight
An infant having a birth weight of 2500 gm. (5.5 lb.) or less but infant, very low birth weight is available for infants having a birth weight of 1500 grams (3.3 lb.) or less. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infant, newborn
An infant during the first month after birth. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infant, newborn, diseases
Diseases of newborn infants present at birth (congenital) or developing within the first month of birth. It does not include hereditary diseases not manifesting at birth or within the first 30 days of life nor does it include inborn errors of metabolism. Both hereditary diseases and metabolism, inborn errors are available as general concepts. ... (1 …

infant, postmature
An infant born at or after 42 weeks of gestation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infant, premature
An infant born before 38 weeks of gestation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infant, small for gestational age
An infant having a birth weight lower than expected for its gestational age. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infant, very low birth weight
An infant having a birth weight of 1500 grams (3.3 lb.) or less. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infanticide
The killing of infants at birth or soon after. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infantile
Pertaining to an infant or to infancy. ... Origin: L. Infantilis ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

infantile autism
A severe emotional disturbance of childhood characterised by qualitative impairment in reciprocal social interaction and in communication, language, and social development. ... Synonym: autistic disorder, childhood schizophrenia, early infantile autism, Kanner's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile beriberi
Beriberi appearing in a breast-fed infants whose mother has beriberi due to thiamin deficiency. It is mainly the 'wet' form of beriberi, characterised by heart failure with marked peripheral oedema (which is otherwise unusual in heart failure in infancy). An often fatal disease, acute in onset, which was formerly common in the Far Eastern countries …

infantile brain tumours
<radiology> Can be present at birth: choroid plexus papilloma, medulloblastoma, craniopharyngioma, ependymoma, astrocytoma, teratoma ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infantile cataract
A cataract affecting a very young child. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile coeliac disease
Gluten-sensitive enteropathy appearing in infancy, often before the age of 9 months and characterised by acute onset, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, and 'failure to thrive.' ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile colic
Episodes of abdominal pain due to abnormal muscular contraction of the intestine in infants. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile convulsion
Any convulsion occurring in infancy (0 to 2 years of age). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile cortical hyperostosis
Neonatal subperiosteal bone formation over many bones, especially the mandible and clavicles and the shafts of long bones; it follows fever, usually appearing before 6 months of age and disappearing during childhood. ... Synonym: Caffey's disease, Caffey's syndrome, Caffey-Silverman syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile digital fibromatosis
Synonym for recurring digital fibromas of childhood ... Multiple fibrous flesh-coloured nodules on the extensor aspect of the terminal phalanges of adjacent digits of infants and young children which often recur after attempted excision, do not metastasize, and may spontaneously regress in two to three years; composed of spindle cells containing cyt …

infantile diplegia
Synonym for spastic diplegia ... A type of cerebral palsy in which there is bilateral spasticity, with the lower extremities more severely affected. ... Compare: flaccid paralysis. ... Synonym: Erb-Charcot disease, infantile diplegia, Little's disease, spastic spinal paralysis, tabes spasmodica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile dwarfism
Synonym for infantilism ... 1. A state marked by slow development of mind and body. ... Synonym: infantile dwarfism. ... 2. Childishness, as characterised by a temper tantrum of an adolescent or adult. ... 3. Underdevelopment of the sexual organs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile eczema
Eczema in infants; the clinical appearance varies according to the dominant causative mechanism, e.g., contact-type hypersensitivity, candidiasis, atopy, seborrhoea, or a combination including intertrigo and diaper dermatitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile fibrosarcoma
<tumour> A rapidly growing but infrequently metastasizing fibrosarcoma which usually appears on the extremities in the first year of life. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile gastroenteritis
Synonym for endemic nonbacterial infantile gastroenteritis ... An endemic viral gastroenteritis of young children (6 months to 12 years) that is especially widespread during winter, caused by strains of rotavirus; the incubation period is 2 to 4 days, with symptoms lasting 3 to 5 days, including abdominal pain, diarrhoea, fever, and vomiting. ... Syn …

infantile gastroenteritis virus
Synonym for Rotavirus ... <virology> Genus of the Reoviridae having a double layered capsid and 11 double stranded RNA molecules in the genome. They have a wheel like appearance in the electron microscope and cause acute diarrhoeal disease in their mammalian and avian hosts. ... Probably the most important cause of severe dehydrating diarrhoea …

infantile GM2 gangliosidosis
Synonym for Tay-Sachs disease ... <disease> A genetic disorder found in east European Jewish families which can result in early death bu affecting the brain and nerves by causing abnormal lipid metabolism. It is a lysosomal disease in which there is a deficiency of hexosaminidase A, an enzyme that degrades ganglioside GM2. ... Symptoms appear a …

infantile hemiplegia
Synonym for birth palsy ... Indefinite term for any motor abnormality in the infant caused by or attributed to the birthing process; includes obstetrical paralysis, infantile hemiplegia, etc. ... Synonym: infantile hemiplegia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile hernia
A hernia in which an intestinal loop descends behind the tunica vaginalis, having, therefore, three peritoneal layers in front of it. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile hydrocephalus
<radiology> A VP-Shunt Can Decompress The Hydrocephalic Child, Aqueductal stenosis, Vein of Galen aneurysm, Postinfectious, Superior vena cava obstruction, Chiari malformation, Dandy-Walker syndrome, Tumour, Haemorrhage, Choroid plexus papilloma see: hydrocephalus ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infantile hypothyroidism
<paediatrics> Stunted body growth and mental development appearing in the first years of life resulting the inappropriate development of the thymus gland or inadequate maternal intake of iodine during gestation. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

infantile leishmaniasis
Visceral leishmaniasis in infants, from Leishmania donovani infantum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile muscular atrophy
Synonym for infantile spinal muscular atrophy ... Transmitted as autosomal recessive on chromosome 5q. Progressive dysfunction of the anterior horn cells in the spinal cord and brainstem cranial nerves with profound weakness and bulbar dysfunction occurring in the first two years of life. Three groups, based on age of clinical onset, are recognised. …

infantile myxoedema
Synonym for infantile hypothyroidism ... <paediatrics> Stunted body growth and mental development appearing in the first years of life resulting the inappropriate development of the thymus gland or inadequate maternal intake of iodine during gestation. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy
<neurology, paediatrics> A rare, familial disorder of early childhood manifested as progressive psychomotor deterioration, increased reflexes, Babinski sign, hypotonia and progressive blindness. Pathologically, eosinophilic spheroids of swollen axoplasm are found in various central nervous system nuclei. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile neuronal degeneration
<neurology, paediatrics> Degenerative disorder of infants with widespread neuronal loss in thalamus, cerebellum, pons, and spinal cord, resembling infantile muscular atrophy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile osteomalacia
Synonym for rickets ... <rheumatology, orthopaedics> A condition caused by deficiency of vitamin D, especially in infancy and childhood, with disturbance of normal ossification. ... The disease is marked by bending and distortion of the bones under muscular action, by the formation of nodular enlargements on the ends and sides of the bones, by …

infantile paralysis
Old synonym for polio. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infantile pellagra
Synonym for kwashiorkor ... A nutritional deficiency illness in children who are not getting enough protein, this results in anaemia, poor growth, weakness, and oedema (which isparticularly characterised by a pronounced pot belly). Infamine-stricken regions, children typically develop kwashiorkor rightafter they are weaned. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

infantile purulent conjunctivitis
Synonym for ophthalmia neonatorum ... Acute conjunctival inflammation in the newborn, usually caused by maternal gonococcal infection. The causative agent is neisseria gonorrhoeae. The baby's eyes are contaminated during passage through the birth canal. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infantile sexuality
In psychoanalytic personality theory, the concept concerning psychosexual development in infants and children; encompasses the overlapping oral, anal, and phallic phases during the first five years of life. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile spasm
Brief (1 to 3 seconds) muscular spasm's in infants with West's syndrome, which often appear as nodding or salaam spasm's. ... Synonym: salaam convulsions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile spastic paraplegia
Synonym for congenital spastic paraplegia ... A spastic paralysis of the lower extremities occurring in the infant. ... Synonym: infantile spastic paraplegia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantile spinal muscular atrophy
Transmitted as autosomal recessive on chromosome 5q. Progressive dysfunction of the anterior horn cells in the spinal cord and brainstem cranial nerves with profound weakness and bulbar dysfunction occurring in the first two years of life. Three groups, based on age of clinical onset, are recognised. ... Synonym: familial spinal muscular atrophy, Ho …

infantile tetany
Tetany of infants occurring usually in rickets, due to dietary deficiency of vitamin D. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infantilism
1. A state marked by slow development of mind and body. ... Synonym: infantile dwarfism. ... 2. Childishness, as characterised by a temper tantrum of an adolescent or adult. ... 3. Underdevelopment of the sexual organs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

infarct
An area of tissue death due to a local lack of oxygen. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

infarction
1. <cardiology> The formation of an infarct. ... 2. An infarct. ... Origin: L. Infarcire = to stuff in ... (18 Nov 1997) ...