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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

impulsive behaviour
An act performed without delay, reflection, voluntary direction or obvious control in response to a stimulus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

impure
1. Not pure; not clean; dirty; foul; filthy; containing something which is unclean or unwholesome; mixed or impregnated extraneous substances; adulterated; as, impure water or air; impure drugs, food, etc. ... 2. Defiled by sin or guilt; unholy; unhallowed; said of persons or things. ... 3. Unchaste; lewd; unclean; obscene; as, impure language or ide …

impure flutter
Mixture of atrial flutter (FF) waves and fibrillation (ff) waves in the electrocardiogram. ... Synonym: fibrilloflutter, flutter-fibrillation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

impurities
<radiobiology> Atoms (or ions) of unwanted elements in the plasma, which tend to degrade plasma performance, and in the case of fusion plasmas tends to inhibit fusion (poisoning the reactor). ... See: poisoning. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

impurity
Origin: L. Impuritas: cf. F. Impurete. ... 1. The condition or quality of being impure in any sense; defilement; foulness; adulteration. 'Profaneness, impurity, or scandal, is not wit.' (Buckminster) ... 2. That which is, or which renders anything, impure; foul matter, action, language, etc.; a foreign ingredient. 'Foul impurities reigned among the m …

impurity control
<radiobiology> Processes which reduce or control the level of impurities in a plasma, and thereby improve its quality. ... See: wall conditioning. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

imputation
1. The act of imputing or charging; attribution; ascription; also, anything imputed or charged. 'Shylock. Antonio is a good man. Bassanio. Have you heard any imputation to the contrary?' (Shak) 'If I had a suit to Master Shallow, I would humor his men with the imputation of being near their master.' (Shak) ... 2. Charge or attribution of evil; censu …

impute
1. To charge; to ascribe; to attribute; to set to the account of; to charge to one as the author, responsible originator, or possessor; generally in a bad sense. 'Nor you, ye proud, impute to these the fault, if memory o'er their tomb no trophies raise.' (Gray) 'One vice of a darker shade was imputed to him envy.' (Macaulay) ... 2. To adjudge as one …

imus
Lowest; the most inferior or caudal of several similar structures. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

IMV
<abbreviation> Intermittent mandatory ventilation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

IMViC
Acronym for indole production, methyl red, Voges-Proskauer reaction, and ability to use citrate as a sole source of carbon (i inserted for euphony); used primarily to differentiate Escherichia coli from Enterobacter aerogenes and related organisms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

in
Abbreviation for inch. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

in clinical parlance
The term often refers to the posterior funiculus of the spinal cord. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

in dental surgery
An operation in which a portion of the mucoperiosteal tissues is surgically detached from the underlying bone or impacted tooth for better access and visibility in exploring the area covered by the tissue. ... See: flap. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

in dentistry
The specialised bony structure which supports the teeth; it consists of the cortical bone that comprises the tooth socket into which the roots of the tooth fit, and is supported by the trabecular bone. ... Synonym: alveolar supporting bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

in extremis
at the point of death. ... Origin: L. Extremus, last ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

in litteris
In correspondence. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

in phase
Moving in the same direction at the same time; a possible characteristic of two simultaneous oscillations of similar frequency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

in situ
In the natural or normal place, confined to the site of origin without invasion of neighbouring tissues. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

in situ hybridisation
<molecular biology, technique> Use of a DNA or RNA probe todetect the presence of the complementaryDNA sequence in cloned bacterial or cultured eukaryotic cells.Also used for locating geneson chromosomes. The process is: ... Prepare microscope slide with cells in metaphase of mitosis, Treat slide with a weak base. Thus denaturing the DNA. Pour …

in situ hybridization
<molecular biology> The use of a DNA or RNA probe to detect the complementary DNA sequence. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

in situ nucleic acid hybridization
Synonym for in situ hybridization ... <molecular biology> The use of a DNA or RNA probe to detect the complementary DNA sequence. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

in the placenta
Intervillous fibrin with ischemic necrosis of villi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

in utero
A term meaning within the uterus. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

in vitro
Within a glass, observable in a test tube, in an artificial environment. ... (28 Oct 1998) ...

in vitro fertilization
<gynaecology> Fertilization outside the body in a laboratory, the term test tube baby is inaccurate since fertilization occurs in a small circular dish, not a test tube. ... (27 Oct 1998) ...

in vivo
Within the living body. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

in vivo fertilization
Fertilization of a ripe egg within the distal fallopian tube of a fertile donor female (rather than in an artificial medium), for subsequent nonsurgical transfer to an infertile recipient. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inaction
Inactivity, rest, or lack of response to a stimulus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inactivate
To destroy the biological activity or the effects of an agent or substance, as the activity of complement is destroyed when serum is heated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inactivated polio vaccine
<pharmacology, virology> An inactivated vaccination, administered by injection to children for protection against the polio virus. Typically given at 2, 4 and 15 months. A final vaccine is recommended at 4-6 years. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

inactivated poliovirus vaccine
Synonym for poliovirus vaccines ... Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), an aqueous suspension of inactivated strains of poliomyelitis virus (types 1, 2, and 3) used by injection; has largely been replaced by the oral vaccine. ... See: Salk vaccine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inactivated serum
<immunology> Serum that has been heated 50°C for 30 minutes to destroy the lytic activity of complement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inactivation
<neurology, physiology> For example of voltage gated sodium channels: process by which sodium channels that have been activated or opened by depolarisation subsequently close during the depolarisation. Distinguished from activation by its slower kinetics. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

inactive
Not active. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

inactive mutant
A mutant that is not phenotypically manifest. ... Synonym: silent mutant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inactive repressor
A repressor that cannot combine with an operator gene until it has combined with a corepressor (usually a product of a protein pathway); after activation, the repressor arrests production of the proteins controlled by the operator gene; a homeostatic mechanism for regulation of repressible enzyme systems. ... Synonym: aporepressor. ... (05 Mar 2000)< …

inactive tuberculosis
Synonym for healed tuberculosis ... A scar or a calcified, fibrous, or caseous nodule in the lung pleura, lymph node, or other organ, resulting from previous tuberculosis that has regressed; reactivation is possible. ... Synonym: arrested tuberculosis, inactive tuberculosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inadequate
1. Not adequate of sufficient, inept or unsuitable. ... 2. Psychiatry, ineffectual in response to emotional, social, intellectual and physical demands in the absence of any obvious mental or physical deficiency. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

inadequate personality
A personality disorder, characterised by personal and social ineptness plus emotional and physical instability, which renders the individual unable to cope with the normal vicissitudes of life. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inadequate stimulus
A stimulus too weak to evoke a response. ... Synonym: subliminal stimulus, subthreshold stimulus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inanimate
Not alive. ... Origin: L. In-neg. + anima, breath, soul ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inanition
Severe weakness and wasting as occurs from lack of food, defect in assimilation, or neoplastic disease. ... Origin: L. Inanis, empty ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inanition fever
Synonym for thirst fever ... An elevation of temperature in infants after reduction of fluid intake, diarrhoea, or vomiting; probably caused by reduced available body water, with reduced heat loss by evaporation; an analogous condition in adults is seen when exertion is continued in the face of dehydration. ... Synonym: dehydration fever, exsiccation …

inapparent
Not apparent; beneath the threshold of clinical recognition, as an inapparent infection. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inapparent infection
Presence of infection in a host without the occurrence of recognizable symptoms or signs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inappetence
Lack of desire or of craving. ... Origin: L. In-neg. + ap-peto, pp. -petitus, to strive after, long for (ADP-) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inappropriate ADH syndrome
<syndrome> Hyponatraemia and renal salt loss attributed to overexpansion of body fluids resulting from sustained release of antidiuretic hormone despite the absence of appropriate stimuli. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

inappropriate affect
An emotional tone or outward emotional reaction out of harmony with the idea, object, or thought accompanying it. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inappropriate hormone
Synonym for ectopic hormone ... A hormone formed by tissue outside the normal endocrine site of production; e.g., adrenocorticotropic hormone produced by a bronchogenic carcinoma. ... Synonym: inappropriate hormone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inarticulate
1. Not uttered with articulation or intelligible distinctness, as speech or words. 'Music which is inarticulate poesy.' (Dryden) ... 2. <zoology> Not jointed or articulated; having no distinct body segments; as, an inarticulate worm. Without a hinge; said of an order (Inarticulata or Ecardines) of brachiopods. ... 3. Incapable of articulating. …

inassimilable
Not assimilable; not capable of undergoing assimilation. ... See: assimilation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inattention
Lack of attention; negligence. ... Selective inattention, an aspect of attentiveness in which a person attempts to ignore or avoid perceiving that which generates anxiety. ... Sensory inattention, the inability to feel a tactile stimulus when a similar stimulus, presented simultaneously in a homologous area of the body, is perceived. ... Visual inatte …

inborn
Born in or with; implanted by nature; innate; as, inborn passions. ... Synonym: Innate, inherent, natural. ... (27 Oct 1998) ...

inborn error of metabolism
A genetic biochemical disorder of a specific enzyme that forms a metabolic block, e.g., phenylketonuria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inborn errors of metabolism
Term coined by A. Garrod in 1908 applying to heritable disorders of biochemistry. Examples include albinism, cystinuria (a cause of kidney stones) and phenylketonuria (pku) are a few of the hundreds of inborn errors of metabolism. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

inborn reflex
A reflex such as breathing that is innate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inbred
Denoting populations (groups, genetic lines, etc.) descended over several generations almost exclusively from a small set of ancestors, and hence having a high rate of consanguinity, often occult. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inbred strain
Any strain of animal or plant obtained by a breeding strategy that tends to lead to homozygosity. Such breeding strategies include brother sister mating and back crossing of offspring with parents. ... See: congenic. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

inbreeding
The mating of two closely related persons. Also called consanguinity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

inbreeding, coefficient of
A statistical way of gauging how close two people are as to their genes. The coefficient of inbreeding (symbolised as f) is the probability that a person with two identical genes received both genes from an identical ancestor. Take, for example, first cousins. They share a set of grandparents. For any particular allele (gene) in the father, the cha …

inca
An emperor or monarch of Peru before, or at the time of, the Spanish conquest; any member of this royal dynasty, reputed to have been descendants of the sun. ... The people governed by the Incas, now represented by the Quichua tribe. ... <zoology> Inca dove, a small dove (Scardafella inca), native of Arizona, Lower California, and Mexico. ... So …

incandescent
White, glowing, or luminous, with intense heat; as, incandescent carbon or platinum; hence, clear; shining; brilliant. 'Holy Scripture become resplendent; or, as one might say, incandescent throughout.' (I. ... <physics> Taylor) Incandescent lamp or light, a kind of lamp in which the light is produced by a thin filament of conducting material, …

incapable
1. Wanting in ability or qualification for the purpose or end in view; not large enough to contain or hold; deficient in physical strength, mental or moral power, etc.; not capable; as, incapable of holding a certain quantity of liquid; incapable of endurance, of comprehension, of perseverance, of reform, etc. ... 2. Not capable of being brought to …

incapacity
Origin: Cf. F. Incapacite. ... 1. Want of capacity; lack of physical or intellectual power; inability. ... 2. Want of legal ability or competency to do, give, transmit, or receive something; inability; disqualification; as, the inacapacity of minors to make binding contracts, etc. ... Synonym: Inability, incapability, incompetency, unfitness, disquali …

incarcerated
Confined; imprisoned; trapped. ... Origin: L. In, in, + carcero, pp. -atus, to imprison, fr. Carcer, prison ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incarcerated hernia
<surgery> A hernia which results in the entrapment of tissue or viscera into the hernia sac. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

incarcerated placenta
Synonym for retained placenta ... Incomplete separation of the placenta and its failure to be expelled at the usual time after delivery of the child. ... Synonym: incarcerated placenta. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incarceration
<surgery> Abnormal retention or confinement of a body part, specifically: a constriction of the neck of a hernial sac so that the hernial contents become irreducible. ... Origin: L. Incarceration, incarceratio, Fr. L. Incarceratus ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

incarceration symptom
Synonym for Dietl's crisis ... Intermittent pain, sometimes with nausea and emesis, caused by intermittent proximal obstruction of ureter. Originally believed due to a mobile kidney that caused ureter to kink with positional changes. ... Synonym: incarceration symptom. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incarial bone
Synonym for os interparietale ... The upper part of the squama of the occipital bone, developed in membrane instead of in cartilage as is the rest of the occipital, and occasionally (especially in ancient Peruvian skulls) existing as a separate bone, separated from the remainder of the occipital by the sutura mendosa. ... Synonym: incarial bone, inte …

incarnant
Promoting or accelerating the granulation of a wound. ... Synonym: incarnative. ... Origin: L. Incarno, fr. In + caro (carn-), flesh ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incarnation
1. The act of clothing with flesh, or the state of being so clothed; the act of taking, or being manifested in, a human body and nature. ... 2. The union of the second person of the Godhead with manhood in Christ. ... 3. An incarnate form; a personification; a manifestation; a reduction to apparent from; a striking exemplification in person or act. ' …

incasement theory
Synonym for preformation theory ... Archaic theory that the embryo was fully formed in miniature within a gamete at the time of conception. ... See: homunculus. ... Synonym: emboitement, incasement theory. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incendiarism
Synonym: pyromania. ... Origin: L. Incendiarius, causing a conflagration ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incense
1. The perfume or odors exhaled from spices and gums when burned in celebrating religious rites or as an offering to some deity. 'A thick of incense went up.' (Ezek. Viii. 11) ... 2. The materials used for the purpose of producing a perfume when burned, as fragrant gums, spices, frankincense, etc. 'Nadab and Abihu, the sons of Aaron, took either of …

incentive
In experimental psychology, an object or goal of motivated behaviour. ... Origin: LL. Incentivus, provocative ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inception rate
The rate at which new spells of illness or cases of a condition occur in a population. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incertae sedis
<zoology> Of a taxon - one of uncertain taxonomic position, of uncertain seat. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

incest
Sexual activity between individuals so closely related that marriage is prohibited. Incest involving a child is a form of child abuse. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

incest barrier
In psychoanalysis, the learning or internalization of parental and social prohibitions against incest. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incestuous
1. Pertaining to incest. ... 2. Guilty of incest. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inch
1. A measure of length, the twelfth part of a foot, commonly subdivided into halves, quarters, eights, sixteenths, etc, as among mechanics. It was also formerly divided into twelve parts, called lines, and originally into three parts, called barleycorns, its length supposed to have been determined from three grains of barley placed end to end lengt …

incidence
1. An act or the fact or manner of falling upon or affecting. ... 2. <statistics> Rate, range or amount of occurrence or influence. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

incidence density
The person-time incidence rate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incidence rate
The rate at which new events occur in a population. The numerator is the number of new events occurring in a defined period; the denominator is the population at risk of experiencing the event during this period. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incident
Going toward; impinging upon, as incident rays. ... Origin: L. Incido, pp. -casus, to fall into, to meet with ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incident angle
Synonym for angle of incidence ... <optics> The angle that a ray entering a refracting medium makes with a line drawn perpendicular to the surface of this medium, the angle that a ray striking a reflecting surface makes with a line perpendicular to this surface. ... Synonym: incident angle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incident light
<microscopy> Sometimes denotes any over-stage lighting not included by methods of vertical illumination. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

incident pain
Synonym for movement-related pain ... <symptom> A type of breakthrough pain that is related to specific activity, such as eating, defecation, socialising or walking. Also referred to as incident pain. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

incident point
The point at which a light ray enters an optical system. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incident ray
The ray that strikes the surface before reflection. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incidental
1. Small and relatively unimportant, minor. ... 2. Accompanying, but not a major part of something. ... 3. (to something) liable to occur because of something or in connection with something (said of risks, responsibilities) ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

incidental colour
An obsolete term for a colour impression that remains after removal of the source. ... See: afterimage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incidental learning
Learning without a direct attempt. ... Synonym: passive learning. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incidental parasite
A parasite that normally lives on a host other than its present host. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incidentaloma
<tumour> Mass lesion, usually of the adrenal gland, serendipitously noted during computerised tomographic examinations performed for other reasons. ... Origin: incidental + -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

incineration
High temperature destruction of waste by burning with subsequent reduction to ashes or conversion to an inert mass. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

incinerator
Any device used to burn solid or liquid residues or wastes as a method of disposal. In some incinerators, provisions are made for recovering the heat produced. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

incipient abortion
An impending abortion characterised by copious vaginal bleeding, uterine contractions, and cervical dilation. ... Synonym: imminent abortion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...