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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

illegal abortion
Synonym for criminal abortion ... Termination of pregnancy without legal justification. ... Synonym: illegal abortion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

illegitimacy
The state of birth outside of wedlock. It may refer to the offspring or the parents. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

illegitimate
1. Not according to law; not regular or authorised; unlawful; improper. ... 2. Unlawfully begotten; born out of wedlock; bastard; as, an illegitimate child. ... 3. Not legitimately deduced or inferred; illogical; as, an illegitimate inference. ... 4. Not authorised by good usage; not genuine; spurious; as, an illegitimate word. ... 5. <botany> Il …

illicium
<botany> A genus of Asiatic and American magnoliaceous trees, having star-shaped fruit; star anise. The fruit of Illicium anisatum is used as a spice in India, and its oil is largely used in Europe for flavoring cordials, being almost identical with true oil of anise. ... Origin: So called, in allusion to its aroma, from L. Illicium an allurem …

illinition
The friction of a surface to facilitate absorption of an ointment. ... Origin: L. Il-lino, pp. -litus, to smear on (in + lino) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

illness
1. The condition of being ill, evil, or bad; badness; unfavorableness. 'The illness of the weather.' ... 2. Disease; indisposition; malady; disorder of health; sickness; as, a short or a severe illness. ... 3. Wrong moral conduct; wickedness. ... Within the present century, there has been a tendency in England to use illness in the sense of a continuo …

illness, acute
An illness with an abrupt onset and usually a short course. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

illness, chronic
An illness that has persisted for a long period of time. It is a continuing disease process. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

illuminance
<microscopy> The density of luminous flux incident on a uniformly illuminated area, measured in foot-candles (lumens per square foot) or lux (lumens per square metre). ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

illuminati
Literally, those who are enlightened; variously applied as follows: ... 1. Persons in the early church who had received baptism; in which ceremony a lighted taper was given them, as a symbol of the spiritual illumination they has received by that sacrament. ... 2. Members of a sect which sprung up in Spain about the year 1575. Their principal doctrin …

illumination
1. The act of illuminating, or supplying with light; the state of being illuminated. ... 2. Festive decoration of houses or buildings with lights. ... 3. Adornment of books and manuscripts with coloured illustrations. See Illuminate. ... 4. That which is illuminated, as a house; also, an ornamented book or manuscript. ... 5. That which illuminates or g …

illumination, critical
<microscopy> The formation of an image of the light source in the object field. ... The Nelsonian method in which the light source is imaged in the plane of the specimen. A ribbon filament or arc lamp is required to give uniform illumination, the lamp must be focusable, the filament position must be adjustable in all directions. The use of an …

illumination, Kohler
<microscopy> A method of microscopical illumination, first described by A. Kohler, in which an image of the source is focused in the lower focal plane of the condenser and the field diaphragm is focused in the specimen plane. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

illumination, oblique
<microscopy> Illumination from light inclined at an oblique angle to the optical axis. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

illuminism
A psychotic state of exaltation in which one has delusions and hallucinations of communion with supernatural or exalted beings. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

illusion
1. <psychology> An unreal image presented to the bodily or mental vision; a deceptive appearance; a false show; mockery; hallucination. 'To cheat the eye with blear illusions.' (Milton) ... 2. Hence: Anything agreeably fascinating and charning; enchantment; witchery; glamour. 'Ye soft illusions, dear deceits, arise!' (Pope) ... 3. <physiolog …

illusion of doubles
Synonym for Capgras' syndrome ... <syndrome> The delusional belief that a person (or persons) close to the schizophrenic patient has been substituted for by one or more impostors; may have an organic aetiology. ... Synonym: Capgras' phenomenon, illusion of doubles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

illusion of movement
Successive stimulation of neighboring retinal points which causes the sensation of movement. ... Oculogravic illusion, apparent movement of the visual field when the body is subjected to acceleration; due to gravity. ... Oculogyral illusion, an illusion occurring in angular acceleration in which the position of fixed light appears to drift. ... Optica …

illusional
Relating to or of the nature of an illusion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

illusions
The misinterpretation of a real external, sensory experience. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

illustrate
1. To make clear, bright, or luminous. 'Here, when the moon illustrates all the sky.' (Chapman) ... 2. To set in a clear light; to exhibit distinctly or conspicuously. 'To prove him, and illustrate his high worth.' (Milton) ... 3. To make clear, intelligible, or apprehensible; to elucidate, explain, or exemplify, as by means of figures, comparisons, …

ILO
<abbreviation> International Labour Organization. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iloprost
<chemical> A stable synthetic analog of epoprostenol but with a longer half-life than the parent compound. The drug has vasodilator and antiplatelet activities and improves the fibrinolytic activity in patients with atherosclerotic disease, thereby providing them with further antithrombotic protection. It is also used in the treatment of rayn …

Ilosvay
Lajos de, Hungarian chemist, *1851. ... See: Ilosvay reagent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ilosvay reagent
Sulfanilic acid 0.5, dissolved in dilute acetic acid 150, mixed with naphthylamine 1, and dissolved in boiling water 20; the blue sediment which forms is dissolved in dilute acetic acid 150; a few drops of this reagent added to water, saliva, or other fluid to be tested will produce a red colour if nitrites are present. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

im
<abbreviation> Intramuscular, or intramuscularly. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ima
Lowest. ... See: imus. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

image
<microscopy> A representation of an object produced by means of radiation usually with a lens or mirror system. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

image amplifier
A device for converting a low light level fluoroscopic image to one that can be seen by the eye in a lighted environment; usually consists of an electronic light amplifier chained to a television tube. ... Synonym: image intensifier. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

image cytometry
A technique encompassing morphometry, densitometry, neural networks, and expert systems that has numerous clinical and research applications and is particularly useful in anatomic pathology for the study of malignant lesions. The most common current application of image cytometry is for DNA analysis, followed by quantitation of immunohistochemical …

image enhancement
Improvement of the quality of a picture by various techniques, including computer processing, digital filtering, echocardiographic techniques, light and ultrastructural microscopy, fluorescence spectrometry and microscopy, scintigraphy, and in vitro image processing at the molecular level. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

image field
<microscopy> Any field showing a focused image. There are a number of such fields in the complete microscopical system. The term may also denote the field of view, or the image field at the focal plane of the camera, generally the field where the final image is formed. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

image intensifier
Synonym for image amplifier ... A device for converting a low light level fluoroscopic image to one that can be seen by the eye in a lighted environment; usually consists of an electronic light amplifier chained to a television tube. ... Synonym: image intensifier. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

image processing, computer-assisted
A technique of inputting two-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

image real
<microscopy> An image as formed by a lens on a screen, plate or any plane surface. ... See: image, virtual. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

image space
<microscopy> The space about an optical system each point of which is conjugate to some point in the object space. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

image virtual
<microscopy> A virtual image has no real existence. It is the image seen when looking into a mirror. ... The field of view of the microscope is a good example of a virtual image. When the eye operates in conjunction with a lens to form an image on the retina, the visual sensation is as if the image existed in space. That its apparent location …

imagery
<psychology> A cognitive-behavioural strategy that uses mental images produced by the imagination as a form of psychotherapy as an aid to relaxation. ... It can be classified by the modality of its content: visual, verbal, auditory, olfactory, tactile, gustatory, or kinesthetic. ... Common themes derive from nature imagery (e.g., forests and mo …

imaginal
1. Characterised by imagination; imaginative; also, given to the use or rhetorical figures or imagins. ... 2. <zoology> Of or pertaining to an imago. Imaginal disks, masses of hypodermic cells, carried by the larvae of some insects after leaving the egg, from which masses the wings and legs of the adult are subsequently formed. ... Origin: L. I …

imaginal disc
Epithelial infoldings in the larvae of holometabolous insects (e.g. Lepidoptera, Diptera) that rapidly develop into adult appendages (legs, antennae, wings etc.) during metamorphosis from larval to adult form. ... By implanting discs into the haemocoele of an adult insect their differentiation can be blocked, though their determination remains uncha …

imaginary
Existing only in imagination or fancy; not real; fancied; visionary; ideal. 'Wilt thou add to all the griefs I suffer Imaginary ills and fancied tortures?' (Addison) ... <mathematics> Imaginary expression or quantity, points, lines, surfaces, etc, imagined to exist, although by reason of certain changes of a figure they have in fact ceased to …

imagination
1. The imagine-making power of the mind; the power to create or reproduce ideally an object of sense previously perceived; the power to call up mental imagines. 'Our simple apprehension of corporeal objects, if present, is sense; if absent, is imagination.' (Glanvill) 'Imagination is of three kinds: joined with belief of that which is to come; join …

imaging
Radiological production of a clinical image using X-rays, ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance, radionuclide scanning, thermography, etc.; especially, cross-sectional imaging, such as ultrasonography, CT, or MRI. ... Origin: see image ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imaging agents
Proteins developed to act as imaging or contrast agents for use with various types of bodyscanners. The proteins, usually antibodies, bind to specific tissue types, usually tumours, and allow the scanner to distinguish those tissues from the surrounding tissue very easily. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

imaging department
The diagnostic radiology department. ... See: imaging, radiology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imago
The sexually mature stage of an insect's life cycle. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

imbalance
1. Lack of equality between opposing forces. ... 2. Lack of equality in some aspect of binocular vision, such as muscle balance, image size, and/or image shape. ... Origin: L. In-neg. + bi-lanx (-lanc-), having two scales, fr. Bis, twice, + lanx, dish, scale of a balance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imbecile
An obsolete term for a subclass of mental retardation or the individual classified therein. ... Origin: L. Imbecillus, weak, silly ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imbed
Synonym for embed ... To surround a pathological or histological specimen with a firm and sometimes hard medium such as paraffin, wax, celloidin, or a resin, in order to make possible the cutting of thin sections for microscopic examination. ... Synonym: imbed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imbibe
1. To drink in; to absorb; to suck or take in; to receive as by drinking; as, a person imbibes drink, or a sponge imbibes moisture. ... 2. To receive or absorb into the mind and retain; as, to imbibe principles; to imbibe errors. ... 3. To saturate; to imbue. 'Earth, imbibed with . . . Acid.' ... Origin: L. Imbibere; pref. Im- in + bibere to drink: cf …

imbibition
1. Absorption of fluid by a solid body without resultant chemical change in either. ... 2. Taking up of water by a gel, thereby increasing its size. ... Origin: L. Im-bibo, to drink in (in + bibo) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imbosom
1. To hold in the bosom; to cherish in the heart or affection; to embosom. ... 2. To inclose or place in the midst of; to surround or shelter; as, a house imbosomed in a grove. 'Villages imbosomed soft in trees.' 'The Father infinite, By whom in bliss imbosomed sat the Son.' (Milton) ... Origin: Pref. Im- in + bosom. Cf. Embosom. ... Source: Websters …

imbricate
Of perianth parts, having the edges overlapping in the bud. ... Compare: valvate. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

imbricated
1. Bent and hollowed like a roof or gutter tile. ... 2. Lying over each other in regular order, so as to 'break joints,' like tiles or shingles on a roof, the scales on the leaf buds of plants and the cups of some acorns, or the scales of fishes; overlapping each other at the margins, as leaves in aestivation. ... 3. In decorative art: Having scales …

imbrication
The operative overlapping of layers of tissue in the closure of wounds or the repair of defects. ... Origin: see imbricate ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imbrication lines of von Ebner
Incremental line's in the dentin of the tooth that reflect variations in mineralization during dentin formation; the distance between the line's corresponds to the daily rate of dentin formation. ... Synonym: incremental lines of von Ebner. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome
<syndrome> Enterocyte cobalamin malabsorption. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imhoff treatment system
In waste water treatment, a tank without aeration or oxygenation where solids settle out. The solids are digested in a separate compartment in the bottom. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

imidazole
1,3-Diazole; 1,3-diaza-2,4-cyclopentadiene;a five-membered heterocyclic compound occurring in l-histidine and other biologically important compounds. ... Imidazole alkaloids, alkaloids containing one or more imidazole moieties as part of its structure (e.g., pilocarpine). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imidazolonepropionase
<enzyme> Reaction: 4-imidazolone-5-propanoate + h2o = n-formimino-l-glutamate; from bacillus subtilis; 421 amino acids. ... Registry number: EC 3.5.2.7 ... Synonym: imidazolone-5-propionate hydrolase, 4-imidazolone-5-propanoate amidohydrolase, huti gene product, ee57b gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

imidazolyl
The radical of imidazole. ... Synonym: iminazolyl. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imide
<chemistry> A compound with, or derivative of, the imido group; specif, a compound of one or more acid radicals with the imido group, or with a monamine; hence, also, a derivative of ammonia, in which two atoms of hydrogen have been replaced by divalent basic or acid radicals; frequently used as a combining form; as, succinimide. ... Source: W …

imido
<chemistry, prefix> Pertaining to, containing, or combined with, the radical NH, which is called the imido group. ... Imido acid, an organic acid, consisting of one or more acid radicals so united with the imido group that it contains replaceable acid hydrogen, and plays the part of an acid; as, uric acid, succinimide, etc, are imido acids. …

imidocarb
<chemical> N,n'-bis(3-(4,5-dihydro-1h-imidazol-2-yl)phenyl)urea. Antiprotozoal agent used in veterinary medicine against blood parasites, especially babesia in livestock; causes kidney damage. ... Pharmacological action: antiprotozoal agents. ... Chemical name: Urea, N,N'-bis(3-(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

imidodipeptidase
Synonym for proline dipeptidase ... <enzyme> An enzyme cleaving aminoacyl-l-proline bonds in dipeptides containing a C-terminal prolyl residue; a deficiency of this enzyme results in hyperimidodipeptiduria. ... Synonym: imidodipeptidase, peptidase D, prolidase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imidodipeptiduria
<biochemistry> Elevated levels of proline-containing dipeptides in the urine; associated with a deficiency of prolidase (peptidase D) resulting in impaired development. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imidoester
<chemical> Esters of the hypothetical imidic acids. They react with amines or amino acids to form amidines and are therefore used to modify protein structures and as cross-linking agents. ... Pharmacological action: indicators and reagents. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

imidole
Synonym for pyrrole ... Divinylenimine;a heterocyclic compound found in many biologically important substances. ... Synonym: azole, imidole. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imidopeptidase
<enzyme> Cleaves histidylprolineamide to histidine and prolineamide ... Registry number: EC 3.4.13.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

imiglucerase
<enzyme> A mannose-terminated glucocerebrosidase prepared from a recombinant source in chinese hamster ovary cells ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- ... Synonym: cerezyme ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

iminazolyl
Synonym for imidazolyl ... The radical of imidazole. ... Synonym: iminazolyl. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imine N-hydroxylase
<enzyme> Liver microsome p-450 dependent enzyme; requires oxygen and an NADPH regenerating system; forms oximes ... Registry number: EC 1.14.19.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

imino acids
Compounds with molecules containing both an acid group (usually the carboxyl, -COOH) and an imino group (==NH); e.g., proline, hydroxyproline. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imino-
<prefix> Prefix denoting the group ==NH. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iminocarbonyl
See: carboxamide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iminodiacetic acid dehydrogenase
<enzyme> Catalyses the conversion of iminodiacetic acid to glycine and glyoxylate; a membrane-bound enzyme isolated from chelatobacter heintzii ... Registry number: EC 1.5.1.- ... Synonym: ida-dh, ida dehydrogenase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

iminodipeptidase
prolyl dipeptidase ...

iminoglycinuria
A defect in amino acid transport leading to abnormal excretion of glycine, proline and hydroxyproline in the urine: more seriously, absorption in the intestine may be inadequate. ... See: Hartnup disease. ... Origin: Gr. Ouron = urine ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

iminohydrolases
Enzymes that hydrolyze imino groups; e.g., arginine deiminase. ... Synonym: deiminases. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

iminostilbenes
A chemical class of agents of which carbamazepine, an antiepileptic drug, is the most prominent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imipenem
<chemical> 6-(1-hydroxyethyl)-3-((2-((iminomethyl)amino)ethyl)thio)-7- oxo-1-azabicyclo(3.2.0)hept-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid. Semisynthetic thienamycin that has a wide spectrum of antibacterial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, including many multiresistant strains. It is stable to beta-lactamases. …

imipramine
<drug> This tricyclic drug is used to treat depression. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

imipramine demethylase
<enzyme> Hepatic microsomal drug-metabolizing enzyme; member of the cytochrome p-450 3a4 family ... Registry number: EC 1.5.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

imipramine hydrochloride
5-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenz(b,f)azepine hydrochloride;a tricyclic antidepressant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

imipramine N-oxide reductase
<enzyme> Reduces imipramine n-oxide to imipramine in the presence of menaquinone ... Registry number: EC 1.7.99.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

imitate
1. To follow as a pattern, model, or example; to copy or strive to copy, in acts, manners etc. 'Despise wealth and imitate a dog.' (Cowlay) ... 2. To produce a semblance or likeness of, in form, character, colour, qualities, conduct, manners, and the like; to counterfeit; to copy. 'A place picked out by choice of best alive The Nature's work by art …

imitation
1. The act of imitating. 'Poesy is an art of imitation, . . . That is to say, a representing, counterfeiting, or figuring forth.' (Sir P. Sidney) ... 2. That which is made or produced as a copy; that which is made to resemble something else, whether for laudable or for fraudulent purposes; likeness; resemblance. 'Both these arts are not only true im …

imitative
1. Inclined to imitate, copy, or follow; imitating; exhibiting some of the qualities or characteristics of a pattern or model; dependent on example; not original; as, man is an imitative being; painting is an imitative art. ... 2. Formed after a model, pattern, or original. 'This temple, less in form, with equal grace, Was imitative of the first in …

imitative behaviour
The mimicking of the behaviour of one individual by another. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

imitative tetanus
Conversion hysteria that resembles tetanus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

IML
<abbreviation> Intermediolateral cell column of the spinal cord gray matter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Imlach
Francis, Scottish anatomist and surgeon, 1819-1891. ... See: Imlach's fat-pad, Imlach's ring. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Imlach's fat-pad
Fat surrounding the round ligament of the uterus in the inguinal canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Imlach's ring
That part of the inguinal canal which lodges the round ligament of the uterus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

immaculate
Without stain or blemish; spotless; undefiled; clear; pure. 'Were but my soul as pure From other guilt as that, Heaven did not hold One more immaculate.' (Denham) 'Thou sheer, immaculate and silver fountain.' (Shak) Immaculate conception, the doctrine that the Virgin Mary was conceived without original sin. Immac'ulately, Immac'ulateness. ... Origin …

immaterialism
1. The doctrine that immaterial substances or spiritual being exist, or are possible. ... 2. <philosophy> The doctrine that external bodies may be reduced to mind and ideas in a mind; any doctrine opposed to materialism or phenomenalism, especially. A system that maintains the immateriality of the soul; idealism; esp, Bishop Berkeley's theory …

immature
1. Not mature; unripe; not arrived at perfection of full development; crude; unfinished; as, immature fruit; immature character; immature plans. 'An ill-measured and immature counsel.' ... 2. Premature; untimely; too early; as, an immature death. ... Origin: L. Immaturus; pref. Im- not + maturus mature, ripe. See Mature. ... Source: Websters Dictionar …

immature cataract
A stage of partial lens opacification. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

immature granulocyte
An immature neutrophil, except that it may be neutrophilic, acidophilic, or basophilic in character. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

immaturin
<protein> Soluble protein produced by Paramoecium caudatum that represses its mating activity. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...