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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

integrated neutron flux
<radiobiology> Sum (integral) of the neutron flux (neutrons per unit time per unit area, see flux) over all time, total number of neutrons which passed through a unit area. Important figure-of-merit in testing effects of neutron radiation on materials, and in assessing how long such materials can survive exposure to neutron sources (such as f …

integrated rate expression
An equation of a chemical or enzyme-catalyzed reaction for the entire progress curve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

integrated resource planning
See Least cost planning. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

integration
<molecular biology, virology> Incorporation of the genetic material of a virus in to the host genome. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

integrator gene
<molecular biology> In the Britten & Davidson model for the co ordinate expression of unlinked genes in eukaryotes, sensor elements respond to changing conditions by switching on appropriate integrator genes, which then produce transcription factors that activate appropriate subsets of structural genes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

integrin modulating factor 1
<chemical> A lipid that alters the function of leukocyte integrins; may be an unsaturated fatty acid or an isoprenoid acid ... Synonym: imf 1, imf-1 ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

integrin PS, Drosophila
<chemical> Ps = position-specific; from eggs and testes; electrophoretic variant of notch protein; alpha subunit encoded by inflated (if) gene; beta subunit encoded by lethal(l)myospheroid (mys) gene; has been sequenced ... Synonym: ps integrin, drosophila, alphaps1 integrin, alphaps2 integrin, betaps integrin ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

integrin PS2
<chemical> Expressed on the surface of cells; can mediate cell spreading on an undefined component of fetal calf serum and on vertebrate matrix molecules vitronectin, fibronectin and rgdpeptide; amino acid sequence has been determined ... Synonym: ps2 integrin ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

integrins
Superfamily of cell surface proteins that are involved in binding to extracellular matrix components in some cases. most are heterodimeric with a _ subunit of 95 kD that is conserved through the superfamily and a more variable _ subunit of 150-170 kD. The first examples described were fibronectin and vitronectin receptors of fibroblasts, which bind …

integrity
1. Quality of being honest and morally upright, 2. Condition of being whole or undivided (a nation's integrity, the integrity of the patient). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

integument
A covering, one of the outer layers of tissue of a plant ovule. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

integumentary
<anatomy> Pertaining to or composed of skin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

integumentary system
The skin, hair, and nails; derived from ectoderm and subjacent mesoderm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

integumentum commune
Synonym for integument ... A covering, one of the outer layers of tissue of a plant ovule. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

intellect
<psychology> The part or faculty of the human soul by which it knows, as distinguished from the power to feel and to will; sometimes, the capacity for higher forms of knowledge, as distinguished from the power to perceive objects in their relations; the power to judge and comprehend; the thinking faculty; the understanding. ... Origin: L. Inte …

intellective
1. Pertaining to, or produced by, the intellect or understanding; intellectual. ... 2. Having power to understand, know, or comprehend; intelligent; rational. ... 3. Capable of being perceived by the understanding only, not by the senses. 'Intellective abstractions of logic and metaphysics.' (Milton) ... Origin: Cf. F. Intellectif. ... Source: Websters …

intellectual aura
A dreamy, detached, or reminiscent aura. ... Synonym: reminiscent aura. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intellectual property
Property, such as patents, trademarks, and copyright, that results from creative effort. The patent and copyright clause (art. 1, sec. 8, cl. 8) of the united states constitution provides for promoting the progress of science and useful arts by securing for limited times to authors and inventors, the exclusive right to their respective writings and …

intellectualization
An unconscious defense mechanism in which reasoning, logic, or focusing on and verbalizing intellectual minutiae is used in an attempt to avoid confrontation with an objectionable impulse, affect, or interpersonal situation. ... Origin: L. Intellectus, perception, discernment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intelligence
The ability to comprehend or understand. ... Origin: L. Intelligere = to understand ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

intelligence quotient
<psychology> The psychologist's index of measured intelligence as one part of a two-part determination of intelligence, the other part being an index of adaptive behaviour and including such criteria as school grades or work performance. ... IQ is a score, or similar quantitative index, used to denote a person's standing relative to his age pe …

intelligence test
<psychology> A standardised tests that measures the general ability or aptitude for intellectual performance. ... It involves a systematic method of administration and scoring, used to assess an individual's general aptitude or level of potential competence, in contrast to an achievement test. ... (21 Jun 2000) ...

intemperance
<psychology> Lack of proper self-control, usually in reference to the use of alcoholic beverages. ... Compare: incontinence. ... Origin: L. Intemperantia, fr. In-, neg. + temperantia, moderation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intensification
<pharmacology> Increasing the amount, number or combination of anti-cancer drugs given to a patient in an attempt to kill drug-resistant or residual leukaemic cells. ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

intensification chemotherapy
Synonym for consolidation chemotherapy ... Repetitive cycles of treatment during the immediate post-remission period, used especially for leukaemia. ... Synonym: intensification chemotherapy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intensifying screen
A screen used in radiography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intensity
The condition or quality of being intense, a high degree of tension, activity or energy. ... Origin: L. Intensus = intense, tendere = to stretch ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

intensity of sound
The objective measurement of the amplitude of vibration of a sound wave. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intensive
Relating to or marked by intensity; denoting a form of treatment by means of very large doses or of substances possessing great strength or activity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intensive care
Advanced and highly specialised care provided to medical or surgical patients whose conditions are life-threatening and require comprehensive care and constant monitoring. It is usually administered in specially equipped units of a health care facility. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

intensive care unit
A hospital facility for provision of intensive nursing and medical care of critically ill patients, characterised by high quality and quantity of continuous nursing and medical supervision and by use of sophisticated monitoring and resuscitative equipment; may be organised for the care of specific patient groups, e.g., neonatal or newborn ICU, neur …

intensive care units
Hospital units providing continuous surveillance and care to acutely ill patients. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

intensive care units, neonatal
Hospital units providing continuing surveillance and care to acutely ill newborn infants. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

intensive care units, paediatric
Hospital units providing continuous surveillance and care to acutely ill infants and children. Neonates are excluded since intensive care units, neonatal is available. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

intensive care, neonatal
Continuous care and monitoring of newborn infants with life-threatening conditions, in any setting. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

intensive management
Planned, active treatment to improve the quality and quantity of timber within a stand. A general term that distinguishes active forest management from passive forest management. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

intensive properties
<chemistry> Properties which are independent of the amount of the substance. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

intensive psychotherapy
Psychotherapy involving thorough exploration of the patient's life history, conflicts, and related psychodynamics; often contrasted with supportive psychotherapy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intention
1. A stretching or bending of the mind toward of the mind toward an object; closeness of application; fixedness of attention; earnestness. 'Intention is when the mind, with great earnestness, and of choice, fixes its view on any idea.' (Locke) ... 2. A determination to act in a certain way or to do a certain thing; purpose; design; as, an intention …

intention spasm
A spasmodic contraction of the muscles occurring when a voluntary movement is attempted. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intention tremor
<neurology> A tremor which arises or which is intensified when a voluntary, coordinated movement is attempted. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

intentional replantation
Elective extraction of a tooth, obturation of the root canal(s), and replacement of the tooth into the alveolus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inter-
Among, between. ... Origin: L. Inter, between ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

inter-alpha-inhibitor
<chemical> Inhibits bovine trypsin and chymotrypsin; complex formed with chymotrypsin less stable; alpha-glycoprotein; shap - serum-derived hyaluronan associated protein ... Pharmacological action: serine proteinase inhibitors, trypsin inhibitors ... Chemical name: trypsin inhibitor, inter-alpha- ... Synonym: inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor, prote …

interacinar
Synonym for interacinous ... Between the acini of a gland. ... Synonym: interacinar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interacinous
Between the acini of a gland. ... Synonym: interacinar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interaction
The quality, state or process of (two or more things) acting on each other. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

interaction process analysis
In psychology, analysis of small group behaviour in terms of 12 specific categories, e.g., solidarity, tension release, agreement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interalveolar pores
Openings in the interalveolar septa of the lung. ... Synonym: Kohn's pores. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interalveolar septum
The tissue intervening between two adjacent pulmonary alveoli; it consists of a close-meshed capillary network covered on both surfaces by very thin alveolar epithelial cells, one of the bony partitions between the tooth sockets. ... Synonym: septum interalveolare, alveolar septum, septal bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interalveolar space
Synonym for interarch distance ... The vertical distance between the maxillary and mandibular arches under conditions of vertical dimensions which must be specified, the vertical distance between maxillary and mandibular ridges. ... Synonym: interalveolar space, interridge distance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interannular
Between any two ringlike structures or constrictions. ... Origin: inter-+ L. Anulus, ring ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interannular segment
Synonym for internodal segment ... The portion of a myelinated nerve fibre between two successive nodes. ... Synonym: interannular segment, internode, Ranvier's segment, segmentum internodale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interarch
See: interarch distance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interarch distance
The vertical distance between the maxillary and mandibular arches under conditions of vertical dimensions which must be specified, the vertical distance between maxillary and mandibular ridges. ... Synonym: interalveolar space, interridge distance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interarticular fibrocartilage
Synonym for articular disc ... A plate or ring of fibrocartilage attached to the joint capsule and separating the articular surfaces of the bones for a varying distance, sometimes completely; it serves to adapt two articular surfaces that are not entirely congruent. ... Synonym: discus articularis, articular disk, fibrocartilago interarticularis, fib …

interarticular joints
Synonym for zygapophyseal joints ... The synovial joints between zygapophyses or articular processes of the vertebrae. ... Synonym: articulationes zygapophyseales, facet joints, interarticular joints, juncturae zygapophyseales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interarytenoid
Between the arytenoid cartilages. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interarytenoid notch
The indentation of posterior portion of the aditus laryngis between the two arytenoid cartilages. ... Synonym: incisura interarytenoidea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interasteric
Between the two asteria. ... See: asterion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interatrial
Between the atria of the heart. ... Synonym: interauricular. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interatrial foramen primum
In the embryonic heart, the temporary opening between right and left atria situated between the lower margin of the septum primum and the atrioventricular canal cushions, in an adult heart, the abnormal persistence of the so-named communication which is normal in young embryos. ... Synonym: foramen subseptale, ostium primum, primary interatrial fora …

interatrial foramen secundum
A secondary opening appearing in the upper part of the septum primum in the sixth week of embryonic life, just prior to the closure of the interatrial foramen primum. ... Synonym: ostium secundum, secondary interatrial foramen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interatrial septum
The partition separating the upper chambers (the atria) of the heart. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

interauricular arc
Synonym for auricular arc ... A line carried over the cranium from the centre of one external auditory meatus to that of the other. ... Synonym: interauricular arc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

interbody
Between the bodies of two adjacent vertebrae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercadence
The occurrence of an extra beat between the two regular pulse beats. ... Origin: inter-+ L. Cado, pr. P. Cadens (-ent-), to fall ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercadent
Irregular in rhythm; characterised by intercadence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercalary
1. Inserted or introduced among others in the calendar; as, an intercalary month, day, etc.; now applied particularly to the odd day (Feb. 29) inserted in the calendar of leap year. See Bissextile. ... 2. Introduced or inserted among others; additional; supernumerary. 'Intercalary spines.' 'This intercalary line . . . Is made the last of a triplet.< …

intercalary neuron
Synonym for internuncial neuron ... A neuron interposed between and connecting two other neuron's. ... Synonym: intercalary neuron. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercalary staphyloma
A scleral staphyloma occurring between the insertion of the ciliary body and the root of the iris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercalate
1. To insert, as a day or other portion of time, in a calendar. ... 2. To insert among others, as a verse in a stanza; specif. ... <geology> To introduce as a bed or stratum, between the layers of a regular series of rocks. 'Beds of fresh water shells . . . Are intercalated and interstratified with the shale.' (Mantell) ... Origin: L. Intercalat …

intercalated
Interposed; inserted between two others. ... Origin: L. Intercalatus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercalated disc
An electron dense junctional complex, at the end to end contacts of cardiac muscle cells, that contains gap junctions and desmosomes. most of the disc is formed of a convoluted fascia adherens type of junction into which the actin filaments of the terminal sarcomeres insert (they are therefore equivalent to half Z bands), desmosomes are also presen …

intercalated disk
A specialised intercellular attachment of cardiac muscle comprising gap junctions, fascia adherens, and occasionally desmosomes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercalated ducts
The minute duct's of glands, such as the salivary and the pancreas, that lead from the acini; they are lined by low cuboidal cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercalated nucleus
A small collection of nerve cells in the medulla oblongata lying lateral to the hypoglossal nucleus. ... Synonym: nucleus intercalatus, Staderini's nucleus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercalating agents
Agents that are capable of inserting themselves between the successive bases in DNA, thus kinking, uncoiling or otherwise deforming it and therefore preventing its proper functioning. They are used in the study of DNA. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

intercalating mutagen
A mutagen that causes frame-shift mutations by inserting itself between two adjacent bases in a genetic sequence. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

intercalation
Insertion into a pre existing structure, for example (a) nucleotide sequences into DNA (or RNA), (b) molecules into structures such as membranes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

intercanalicular
Between canaliculi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercapillary
Between or among capillary vessels. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercapillary cell
Synonym for mesangial cell ... <pathology> Cells found within the glomerular lobules of mammalian kidney, where they serve as structural supports, may regulate blood flow, are phagocytic and may act as accessory cells, presenting antigen in immune responses. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

intercapillary glomerulosclerosis
Synonym for diabetic glomerulosclerosis ... Kidney disease and resultant kidney function impairment due to the long standing effects of diabetes on the microvasculature (glomerulus) of the kidney. Features include increased urine protein and declining kidney function. Severe diabetic nephropathy can lead to kidney failure and end-stage renal disease …

intercapital ligament
Synonym for ligamentum intercapitale ... A part of the ligamentum capitis costae intra-articulare; which connects the heads of opposite ribs by passing over the intervertebral fibrocartilage, and thus holds the ribs in their articular sockets; not present in man but well developed in the dog and cat. ... Synonym: intercapital ligament. ... (05 Mar 200 …

intercapitular veins
The veins connecting the dorsal and palmar veins in the hand, or the dorsal and plantar veins in the foot. ... Synonym: venae intercapitales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercarotic
Intercarotid ... Between the internal and external carotid arteries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercarotid body
Synonym for carotid body ... A small cluster of chemoreceptive and supporting cells located near the bifurcation of the internal carotid artery. The carotid body, which is richly supplied with fenestrated capillaries, senses the pH, carbon dioxide, and oxygen concentrations in the blood and plays a crucial role in their homeostatic control. ... (12 D …

intercarotid nerve
Synonym for carotid sinus nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> A branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve that innervates the baroreceptors in the wall of the carotid sinus and the chemoreceptors in the carotid body. ... Synonym: ramus sinus carotici, carotid sinus branch, Hering's sinus nerve, intercarotid nerve, nerve to carotid sinus, sinus nerve of Herin …

intercarpal joints
The synovial joints between the carpal bones. ... Synonym: articulationes intercarpeae, carpal joints. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercarpal ligaments
Three sets of short fibrous bands that bind together the two rows of carpal bones; according to their location they are named dorsal intercarpal ligament (ligamentum intercarpalia dorsalia), interosseous intercarpal ligament (ligamentum intercarpalia interossea), and palmar intercarpal ligament (ligamentum intercarpalia palmaria). ... Synonym: ligam …

intercavernous sinuses
The anterior and posterior anastomoses between the cavernous sinus's, passing anterior and posterior to the hypophysis and forming, with the cavernous sinuses, the circular sinus. ... Synonym: sinus intercavernosi, Ridley's sinus. ... Jugular sinus ... Sinus jugularis, one of three enlargements of the jugular veins; the external jugular sinus is betwe …

intercellular
Between cells: can be used either in the sense of connections between cells (as in intercellular junctions) or as an antonym for intra cellular. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

intercellular adhesion molecule
See: ICAM. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

intercellular adhesion molecule-1
<chemical> A cell-surface ligand with a role in leukocyte adhesion and inflammation. Its production is induced by gamma-interferon and it is required for neutrophil migration into inflamed tissue. ... Chemical name: Glycoprotein ICAM 1 (human clone pHRVr1 deblocked protein moiety reduced) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

intercellular bridges
Slender cytoplasmic strands connecting adjacent cells; in histological sections of the epidermis and other stratified squamous epithelia, the bridge's are processes attached by a desmosome and are shrinkage artifacts of fixation; true bridge's with cytoplasmic confluence exist between incompletely divided germ cells. ... Synonym: cell bridges, cytop …

intercellular canaliculus
One of the fine channels between adjoining secretory cells, such as those between serous cells in salivary glands. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercellular cement
A hypothetical adhesive substance formerly believed to occur between some epithelial cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercellular digestion
Digestion in a cavity by means of secretions from the surrounding cells, such as occurs in the metazoa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

intercellular junctions
Direct contact of a cell with a neighboring cell. most such junctions are too small to be resolved by light microscopy, but they can be visualised by conventional or freeze-fracture electron microscopy, both of which show that the interacting cell membrane and often the underlying cytoplasm and the intervening extracellular space are highly special …