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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


excitomuscular
Causing muscular activity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excitor
Synonym for stimulant ... 1. Producing stimulation, especially producing stimulation by causing tension on muscle fibre through the nervous tissue. ... 2. <pharmacology> An agent or remedy that produces stimulation. ... Origin: L. Stimulans ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

excitor nerve
<anatomy, nerve> A nerve conducting impulses that stimulate to increase function. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excitoreflex nerve
<anatomy, nerve> A visceral nerve the special function of which is to cause reflex action. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excitosecretory
<physiology> Stimulating to secretion. The influence exerted by reflex action on the function of secretion, by which the various glands are excited to action. ... (21 Jun 2000) ...

excitotoxic
Possessing the property of exciting and then poisoning cells or tissues; examples include nerve injury produced by glutamate. ... Origin: excite + G. Toxikon, poison ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excitotoxin
<protein> Class of substances that damage neurons through paroxysmal overactivity. They are toxins that bind to certain receptors (e.g., certain glutamate receptors) and may cause neuronal cell death. ... The best known excitotoxins are the excitatory amino acids, that can produce lesions in the CNS similar to those of Huntingdon's chorea or A …

excitovascular
Increasing the activity of the circulation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exclamation point hair
<clinical sign> The type of dystrophic anagen hair found at margins of patches of alopecia areata. The bulb is absent. ... (21 Jun 2000) ...

exclave
An outlying, detached portion of a gland or other part, such as the thyroid or pancreas; an accessory gland. ... Origin: L. Ex, out, + -clave (in enclave) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exclosure
<zoology> An area from which livestock or other animals are excluded. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

exclusion
1. The act of excluding, or of shutting out, whether by thrusting out or by preventing admission; a debarring; rejection; prohibition; the state of being excluded. 'His sad exclusion from the doors of bliss.' (Milton) 'The exclusion of the duke from the crown of England and Ireland.' (Hume) ... 2. <physiology> The act of expelling or ejecting …

exclusion of pupil
Synonym for seclusion of pupil ... The condition resulting from posterior annular synechia, in which the iris is bound down throughout the entire pupillary margin, but the pupil is not occluded. ... Synonym: exclusion of pupil. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exclusive
1. Excluding or inclined to exclude others (at outsiders) from participation. ... 2. Single. ... 3. Undivided, whole. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

exconjugant
A member of a conjugating pair of protozoan ciliates after separation and prior to the subsequent mitotic division of each of the exconjugant's. ... See: conjugant, conjugation. ... Origin: ex-+ L. Conjugo, to join ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excoriate
To scratch or otherwise denude the skin by physical means. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excrescence
A normal outgrowth, a disfiguring addition. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

excreta
Synonym: excretion. ... Origin: L. Neut. Pl. Of excretus, pp. Of ex-cerno, to separate ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excrete
To separate from the blood and cast out; to perform excretion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excretion
<nephrology> The act, process or function of excreting. ... Origin: L. Excretio ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

excretory
Relating to excretion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excretory duct
A duct carrying the secretion from a gland or a fluid from any reservoir. ... Synonym: ductus excretorius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excretory duct of seminal vesicle
The passage leading from a seminal vesicle to the ejaculatory duct. ... Synonym: ductus excretorius vesiculae seminalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excretory ducts of lacrimal gland
The multiple (6 to 10) excretory ducts of the lacrimal gland that open into the superior fornix of the conjunctival sac. ... Synonym: ductuli excretorii glandulae lacrimalis, excretory ductules of lacrimal gland. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excretory gland
A gland separating excrementitious or waste material from the blood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excruciate
Excruciated; tortured. 'And here my heart long time excruciate.' (Chapman) ... Origin: L. Excruciatus, p. P. Of excruciare to excruciate; ex out + cruciare to put to death on a cross, to torment. See Cruciate, Cross. ... To inflict agonizing pain upon; to torture; to torment greatly; to rack; as, to excruciate the heart or the body. 'Their thoughts, …

excurrent
<botany> Projecting beyond the tip, as the midrib of a leaf or bract. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

excursion
Any movement from one point to another, usually with the implied idea of returning again to the original position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excuse
1. To free from accusation, or the imputation of fault or blame; to clear from guilt; to release from a charge; to justify by extenuating a fault; to exculpate; to absolve; to acquit. 'A man's persuasion that a thing is duty, will not excuse him from guilt in practicing it, if really and indeed it be against Gog's law.' (Abp. Sharp) ... 2. To pardon …

excycloduction
A cycloduction in which the upper pole of the cornea is rotated outward (laterally). ... Origin: ex-+ cyclo-+ L. Duco, pp. Ductus, to lead ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excyclophoria
A cyclophoria in which the upper poles of each cornea tend to rotate laterally. ... Origin: ex-+ cyclo-+ G. Phora, a carrying ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excyclotorsion
Synonym: extorsion. ... Origin: ex-+ cyclo-+ L. Torqueo, pp. Torsus, to twist ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excyclotropia
A cyclotropia in which the upper poles of the corneas are rotated outward (laterally) relative to each other. ... Origin: ex-+ cyclo-+ G. Trope, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excyclovergence
Rotation of the upper pole of each cornea outwards. ... Origin: ex-+ cyclo-+ L. Vergo, to bend, incline ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

excystation
Removal from a cyst; denoting the action of certain encysted organisms in escaping from their envelope. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exduction
Synonym: lateroduction. ... Origin: ex-+ L. Duco, pp. Ductus, to lead ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

executor
1. One who executes or performs; a doer; as, an executor of baseness. ... 2. An executioner. 'Delivering o'er to executors pa . . . The lazy, yawning drone.' (Shak) ... 3. The person appointed by a to execute his will, or to see its provisions carried into effect, after his decease. Executor de son tort [Of, executor of his own wrong. ... A stranger w …

exencephalia
Synonym for exencephaly ... Condition in which the skull is defective with the brain exposed or extruding. ... Synonym: exencephalia. ... Origin: G. Ex, out, + enkephalos, brain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exencephalic
Relating to exencephaly. ... Synonym: exencephalous. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exencephalocele
Herniation of the brain. ... Origin: ex, out, + G. Enkephalos, brain, + kele, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exencephalous
Synonym for exencephalic ... Relating to exencephaly. ... Synonym: exencephalous. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exencephaly
Condition in which the skull is defective with the brain exposed or extruding. ... Synonym: exencephalia. ... Origin: G. Ex, out, + enkephalos, brain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exendin
<protein> Group of peptide hormones, related to the glucagon family, found in the Gila monster. Helospectin is exendin 1, helodermin is exendin 2. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

exenteration
Removal of internal organs and tissues, usually radical removal of the contents of a body cavity. ... Synonym: evisceration. ... Origin: G. Ex, out, + enteron, bowel ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exenteritis
Inflammation of the peritoneal covering of the intestine. ... Origin: G. Exo, on the outside, + enteritis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exercise
1. The act of exercising; a setting in action or practicing; employment in the proper mode of activity; exertion; application; use; habitual activity; occupation, in general; practice. 'exercise of the important function confided by the constitution to the legislature.' (Jefferson) 'O we will walk this world, Yoked in all exercise of noble end.' (T …

exercise asthma
<chest medicine> A disease process that is characterised by paradoxical narrowing of the bronchi (lung passageways) making breathing difficult. ... Treatment includes bronchodilators which are given orally or delivered as an aerosol (inhaled). Corticosteroids are reserved for more difficult cases. ... Symptoms include wheezing, difficulty breat …

exercise bone
Synonym for rider's bone ... Heterotopic bone ossification of the tendon of the adductor longus muscle from strain in horseback riding. ... Synonym: cavalry bone, exercise bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exercise test
Controlled physical activity, more strenuous than at rest, which is performed in order to allow assessment of physiological functions, particularly cardiovascular and pulmonary, but also aerobic capacity. Maximal (most intense) exercise is usually required but submaximal exercise is also used. The intensity of exercise is often graded, using criter …

exercise therapy
Motion of the body or its parts to relieve symptoms or to improve function, leading to physical fitness, but not physical education and training. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

exercise tolerance
The exercise capacity of an individual as measured by endurance (maximal exercise duration and/or maximal attained work load) during an exercise test. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

exercise treadmill
A continuous EKG recording of the heart as the patient performs increasing levels of exercise. The exercise treadmill permits the detection of abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias) and provides a screening test for the presence of narrowed arteries to the heart (coronary arteries). Narrowing of these arteries can limit the supply of oxygenated blood …

exercise-induced amenorrhoea
The temporary cessation of menstrual function due to strenuous, daily exercise, as in jogging; increased endorphins inhibiting hypothalamic function. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exercise, aerobic
Brisk exercise that promotes the circulation of oxygen through the blood. Examples of aerobic exercises including walking, running, swimming, and cycling. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

exeresis
Synonym: excision. ... Origin: G. Exairesis, a taking out, fr. Haireo, to take, grasp ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exergonic
<chemistry> Describes a chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat, light, etc. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

exertion
Expenditure of energy by skeletal muscles. Intensity of exertion may be measured by rate of oxygen consumption, heat produced, or heart rate. Perceived exertion, a psychological measure of exertion, is included. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

exertional dyspnea
Excessive shortness of breath after exercise. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exertional hypoglycaemia
<biochemistry> A condition of low blood glucose that is precipitated by activity. ... Symptoms include weakness, nausea, sweating, and/or fainting with exertion. ... Origin: Gr. Glykys = sweet, haima = blood ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

exflagellation
The extrusion of rapidly waving flagellum-like microgametes from microgametocytes; in the case of human malaria parasites, this occurs in the blood meal taken by the proper anopheline vector within a few minutes after ingestion of the infected blood by the mosquito. ... Synonym: polymitus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exfoliate
1. <botany> Peeling off in thin layers, shreds, or plates, as the bark of some trees. ... 2. <dermatology> To shed cells from the skin or from mucous membranes. ... 3. <dentistry> To fall out, with development, the deciduous teeth exfoliate and permanent teeth erupt into the space. ... Origin: L. Exfoliatio ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

exfoliatin
<microbiology> Epidermolytic toxin produced by some strains of Staphylococcus aureus, causes detachment of outer layer of skin by disrupting desmosomes of the stratum granulosum. ... (11 Nov 1997) ...

exfoliatins
Protein exotoxins from staphylococcus aureus, phage type II, which cause epidermal necrolysis. They are proteins with a molecular weight of 26,000 to 32,000. They cause a condition variously called scaled skin, lyell or ritter syndrome, epidermal exfoliative disease, toxic epidermal necrolysis, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

exfoliation
<biology> A falling off in scales or layers. ... Origin: L. Exfoliatio ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

exfoliation of lens
Sheetlike separation of the capsule of the lens; it may occur if the eyes are exposed to intense heat. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exfoliation syndrome
<syndrome> The deposition of flaky, translucent fibrillar material most conspicuous on the anterior lens capsule and pupillary margin but also in both surfaces of the iris, the zonules, trabecular meshwork, ciliary body, corneal endothelium, and orbital blood vessels. It sometimes forms a membrane on the anterior iris surface. Exfoliation ref …

exfoliative
Marked by exfoliation, desquamation, or profuse scaling. ... Origin: Mod. L. Exfoliativus ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exfoliative dermatitis
Generalised exfoliation with scaling of the skin and usually with erythema (erythroderma); may be a drug reaction or associated with various benign dermatoses, lupus erythematosus, lymphomas, or of undetermined cause. ... Synonym: dermatitis exfoliativa, pityriasis rubra, Wilson's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exfoliative gastritis
Gastritis with excessive shedding of mucosal epithelial cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exhalation
1. Breathing out. ... Synonym: expiration. ... 2. The giving forth of gas or vapor. ... 3. Any exhaled or emitted gas or vapor. ... Origin: L. Ex-halo, pp. -halatus, to breathe out ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exhale
1. To breathe out. Hence: To emit, as vapor; to send out, as an odour; to evaporate; as, the earth exhales vapor; marshes exhale noxious effluvia. 'Less fragrant scents the unfolding rose exhales.' (Pope) ... 2. To draw out; to cause to be emitted in vapor; as, the sum exhales the moisture of the earth. ... Origin: L. Exhalare; ex out + halare to bre …

exhaust
1. Drained; exhausted; having expended or lost its energy. ... 2. Pertaining to steam, air, gas, etc, that is released from the cylinder of an engine after having preformed its work. Exhaust draught, a forced draught produced by drawing air through a place, as through a furnace, instead of blowing it through. Exhaust fan, a fan blower so arranged as …

exhaustion
1. The act of draining out or draining off; the act of emptying completely of the contents. ... 2. The state of being exhausted or emptied; the state of being deprived of strength or spirits. ... 3. <mathematics> An ancient geometrical method in which an exhaustive process was employed. It was nearly equivalent to the modern method of limits.
exhaustion atrophy
Atrophy, especially of glandular cells, believed to result from excessive functional activity or overstimulation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exhaustion psychosis
Rarely used term for a confusional emotional state following an exhausting event. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exhibit
1. To hold forth or present to view; to produce publicly, for inspection; to show, especially in order to attract notice to what is interesting; to display; as, to exhibit commodities in a warehouse, a picture in a gallery. 'Exhibiting a miserable example of the weakness of mind and body.' (Pope) ... 2. To submit, as a document, to a court or office …

exhibition
1. The act of exhibiting for inspection, or of holding forth to view; manifestation; display. ... 2. That which is exhibited, held forth, or displayed; also, any public show; a display of works of art, or of feats of skill, or of oratorical or dramatic ability; as, an exhibition of animals; an exhibition of pictures, statues, etc.; an industrial exh …

exhibitionism
A disorder in which the act of exposing the genitals to an unsuspecting stranger produces sexual excitement with no attempt at further sexual activity with the stranger. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

exhibitionist
One who engages in exhibitionism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exhilarant
Mentally stimulating. ... Origin: L. Ex-hilaro, pp. -atus, pres. P. -ans, to gladden ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exigency
Origin: LL. Exigentia: cf. F. Exigence. ... The state of being exigent; urgent or exacting want; pressing necessity or distress; need; a case demanding immediate action, supply, or remedy; as, an unforeseen exigency. 'The present exigency of his affairs.' ... Synonym: Demand, urgency, distress, pressure, emergency, necessity, crisis. ... Source: Webst …

exine
<botany> External part of pollen wall that is often elaborately sculptured in a fashion characteristic of the plant species. Contains sporopollenin. The term is also used for the outer part of a spore wall. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

exist
1. To be as a fact and not as a mode; to have an actual or real being, whether material or spiritual. 'Who now, alas! no more is missed Than if he never did exist.' (Swift) 'To conceive the world . . . To have existed from eternity.' (South) ... 2. To be manifest in any manner; to continue to be; as, great evils existed in his reign. ... 3. To live; …

existence
1. The state of existing or being; actual possession of being; continuance in being; as, the existence of body and of soul in union; the separate existence of the soul; immortal existence. 'The main object of our existence.' (Lubbock) ... 2. Continued or repeated manifestation; occurrence, as of events of any kind; as, the existence of a calamity or …

existential
Pertaining to a branch of philosophy, existentialism, concerned with the search for the meaning of one's own existence, that has been extended into existential psychotherapy. ... Origin: L. Existentia, existence ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

existential psychiatry
Synonym for existential psychotherapy ... A type of therapy, based on existential philosophy, emphasizing confrontation, primarily spontaneous interaction, and feeling experiences rather than rational thinking, with less attention given to patient resistances; the therapist is involved on the same level and to the same degree as the patient. ... Syno …

existential psychology
A theory of psychology, based on the philosophies of phenomenology and existentialism, which holds that the proper study of psychology is an individual's experience of the sequence, spatiality, and organization of his or her existence in the world. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

existential psychotherapy
A type of therapy, based on existential philosophy, emphasizing confrontation, primarily spontaneous interaction, and feeling experiences rather than rational thinking, with less attention given to patient resistances; the therapist is involved on the same level and to the same degree as the patient. ... Synonym: existential psychiatry. ... (05 Mar 2 …

existentialism
A philosophical doctrine basic to existential psychology or existential psychiatry. It focuses on the individual's subjective awareness of his style of existence, his intimate interaction with himself, and his environment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

exit block
Inability of an impulse to leave its point of origin, the mechanism for which is conceived as an encircling zone of refractory tissue denying passage to the emerging impulse. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exit domain
<molecular biology> One of the two main binding sites on the ribosome molecule. The finished portion of the polypeptide being translated is attached to this site and leaves the ribosome from this site when the entire polypeptide is finished. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

exit dose
The exposure dose of radiation leaving a body opposite the portal of entry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exit pupil
<microscopy> The exit pupil of a lens system is an image of the entrance pupil (hence conjugate to it) and normally should be the image of the limiting diaphragm. In both the microscope and the telescope it is the eyepoint where the beam has its smallest cross-section. It is also called the Ramsden circle or eyepoint. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

exitus
An exit or outlet; death. ... Origin: L. Fr. Ex-eo, pp. -itus, to go out ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Exner, Siegmund
<person> Austrian physiologist, 1846-1926. ... See: Call-Exner bodies, Exner's plexus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Exner's plexus
A plexus formed by tangential nerve fibres in the superficial plexiform or molecular layer of the cerebral cortex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exo-
Exterior, external, or outward. ... See: ecto-. ... Origin: G. Exo, outside ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exo-1,3-alpha-glucanase
<enzyme> For mutanase consider also EC 3.2.1.59, endo-1,3-alpha-glucanase ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.84 ... Synonym: alpha-(1-3)glucan hydrolase, mutanase, alpha-1-3-glucan, 3-glucanohydrolase, s-glucanase, 1,3-alpha-glucanase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

exo-1,4-alpha-d-glucosidase
A hydrolase removing terminal alpha-1,4-linked d-glucose residues from nonreducing ends of chains, with release of beta-d-glucose. ... Synonym: acid maltase, amyloglucosidase, gamma-amylase, glucoamylase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

exo-1,4-beta-galactanase
<enzyme> From bacillus subtilis; hydrolyzes soybean arabinogalactan to yield galactobiose and small amounts of galactotetrose ... Registry number: EC 3.2.1.- ... Synonym: arabinogalactan 4-beta-d-galactanohydrolase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...