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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

eyes, glaucoma
Disease (there is more than one type) characterised by increased pressure within the eye. Glaucoma can lead to blindness. Glaucoma is five times more likely to occur in Blacks than in Whites. Early detection of glaucoma is essential to the preservation of vision. Glaucoma can be treated with medications, laser or traditional surgery. ... (12 Dec 199 …

eyestone
1. A small, lenticular, calcareous body, especially. An operculum of a small shell of the family Tubinid, used to remove a foreign sub stance from the eye. It is rut into the inner corner of the eye under the lid, and allowed to work its way out at the outer corner, bringing with the substance. ... 2. <chemical> Eye agate. See Eye. ... Source: …

eyestrain
Synonym for asthenopia ... Term generally used to describe complaints related to refractive error, ocular muscle imbalance, including pain or aching around the eyes, burning and itchiness of the eyelids, ocular fatigue, and headaches. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

eyewash
<ophthalmology> A soothing solution used for bathing the eye. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ezrin
<cell biology> Microfilament bundling protein (80 kD) from the core of microvilli. Phosphorylated following stimulation of cells. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

F actin
<cell biology> Plasmid that confers the ability to conjugate (i.e. Fertility) on bacterial cells and carries the tra genes. It was first described in E. Coli. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

F agent
Synonym for F plasmid ... The prototype conjugative plasmid associated with conjugation in the K-12 strain of Escherichia coli. ... Synonym: F agent, F-factor, F genote, F-genote, fertility agent, fertility factor, sex factor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

f distribution
The distribution of the ratio of two independent quantities each of which is distributed like a variance in normally distributed samples. So named in honor of the English statistician and geneticist R.A. Fisher. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

F duction
Transfer of chromosomal fragments from one bacterium to another by means of F' carriers. ... Synonym: sexduction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

F genote
Synonym for F plasmid ... The prototype conjugative plasmid associated with conjugation in the K-12 strain of Escherichia coli. ... Synonym: F agent, F-factor, F genote, F-genote, fertility agent, fertility factor, sex factor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

F pili
See: pilus. ... F pilus, a structure responsible for attachment of individual male (F+) to female (F-) bacteria, forming conjugal pairs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

f pilus
A long, narrow structure which protrudes from the surface of the male bacterial individual and connects the male to the female bacterial individual during the process of bacterial conjugation, when genetic material in the form of the f plasmid is transferred between individual bacterial cells. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

F plasmid
The prototype conjugative plasmid associated with conjugation in the K-12 strain of Escherichia coli. ... Synonym: F agent, F-factor, F genote, F-genote, fertility agent, fertility factor, sex factor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

f protein
<protein> A protein derived from the Sendai virus which can be used in the laboratory to cause cell fusion between somatic cells (any cell that is not a gamete). It is also used to make fusogenic vesicles. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

F thalassaemia
Synonym for beta-d thalassaemia ... Thalassaemia due to a gene that depresses synthesis of both beta-and d-globin chains by the chromosome bearing the abnormal gene. Heterozygous state: thalassaemia minor with Hb F comprising 5 to 30% of total haemoglobin but distributed unevenly among cells, Hb A2 reduced or normal. Homozygous state: moderate anaem …

f urcation
1. A forking, or a forklike part or branch. ... 2. In dental histology, the region of a multirooted tooth at which the roots divide. ... Origin: L. Furca, fork ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

F waves
The waves of atrial flutter usually best seen in ECG leads 2, 3, and AVF. (A small f indicates atrial fibrillation). ... Synonym: fibrillary waves, fibrillatory waves, flutter-fibrillation waves. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

f-1 generation
<genetics> Filial-One generation. The first generation of offspring which results after mating or genetically crossing two types of parents with different genotypes or phenotypes. (The parents are known as the P generation.) ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

f-2 generation
<genetics> Filial-Two generation. The generation of offspring which results from mating or genetically crossing members of the F-1 generation to each other. ... Members of this generation are two generations removed from the original parent generation, or the P generation. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

F-factor
<molecular biology> A small piece of episomal bacterial DNA (plasmid) which provides bacteria with the ability to initiate conjugation (bacterial mating) with other nearby bacteria. ... It can be present as extrachromosomal protein or integrated into the bacterial chromosome, and effectively determines the 'sex' of the bacterium, host chromoso …

f-number
<radiobiology> In optics, denotes the ratio of the equivalent focal length of an objective lens to the diameter of its entrance pupil. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

F-type ATPase
<enzyme> One of three major classes of ion transport ATPase, characterised by a multi subunit structure and a lack of a phosphorylated intermediate. ... See: ATP synthase, P-type ATPase, V-type ATPase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

F1 ATPase
<enzyme> Easily detachable cytosolic multi subunit component of the F1FO ATPase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

F1FO ATPase
Synonym for ATPase ... <enzyme> An enzyme that hydrolyzes ATP into ADP and phosphate. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

f2 fragment
<immunology> A fragment of an antibody protein which includes the antigen-binding portions but not the Fc section. They can be produced by treating whole antibodies with proteases that will specifically cleave off the Fc section. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

F390 hydrolase
<enzyme> From methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum; catalyses hydrolysis of f390 into AMP and coenzyme f420 ... Registry number: EC 3.1.4.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

F390 synthetase
<enzyme> From methanobacterium thermoautotrophicum; catalyses formation of f390 from ATP and coenzyme f420 ... Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

F420H2 dehydrogenase
<enzyme> Isolated from methanolobus tindarius; catalyses oxidation of f420h2 to f420 in final step of methanogenesis ... Registry number: EC 1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

fa veolus
A small pit or depression. ... Origin: Mod. L. Dim. Of favus, honeycomb ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

FA virus
A strain of mouse encephalomyelitis virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fab
<immunology> Fragment of immunoglobulin prepared by papain treatment. Fab fragments (45 kD) consist of one light chain linked through a disulphide bond to a portion of the heavy chain and contain one antigen binding site. They can be considered as univalent antibodies. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

FAB classification
Synonym for French-American-British classification ... <haematology> The classification of acute myeloid leukaemia on the basis of bone marrow and peripheral blood features. ... M0: Acute myeloid leukaemia with minimal evidence of myeloid differentiation. ... M1: Acute myeloblastic leukaemia. ... M2: Acute myeloblastic leukaemia with differentiat …

Fab fragment
The antigen-binding fragment of an immunoglobulin molecule, consisting of both a light chain and part of a heavy chain. ... Synonym: Fab piece. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fab piece
Synonym for Fab fragment ... The antigen-binding fragment of an immunoglobulin molecule, consisting of both a light chain and part of a heavy chain. ... Synonym: Fab piece. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fabavirus
A genus of the family comoviridae with a wide host range among dicotyledons and some monocotyledons. They are transmitted nonpersistently by aphids. The type species is broad bean wilt virus 1. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Faber, Knud
<person> Danish physician, 1862-1956. ... See: Faber's anaemia, Faber's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Faber's anaemia
Synonym for achlorhydric anaemia ... A form of chronic hypochromic microcytic anaemia associated with achlorhydria or achylia gastrica; observed most frequently in women in the third to fifth decades. ... Synonym: Faber's anaemia, Faber's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Faber's syndrome
Synonym for achlorhydric anaemia ... A form of chronic hypochromic microcytic anaemia associated with achlorhydria or achylia gastrica; observed most frequently in women in the third to fifth decades. ... Synonym: Faber's anaemia, Faber's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fabian
Of, pertaining to, or in the manner of, the Roman general, Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus; cautious; dilatory; avoiding a decisive contest. Fabian policy, a policy like that of Fabius Maximus, who, by carefully avoiding decisive contests, foiled Hannibal, harassing his army by marches, countermarches, and ambuscades; a policy of delays and cauti …

fabism
Synonym: favism. ... Origin: L. Faba, bean ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fabric mulch
<botany> Polypropylene material placed on the ground around plants to prevent weed growth. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

fabrication
<psychiatry> Telling false tales as true; e.g., the malingering of symptoms or illness or feigning an incorrect response or calculation during a psychological or mental status examination. ... Synonym: fabulation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fabricius, Girolamo
<person> Italian anatomist and embryologist, 1537-1619. ... See: bursa fabricii, Fabricius' ship. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fabry disease
<disease> Storage disease due to deficiency of ceramide trihexosidase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

fabry-perot interferometer
<apparatus, physics> A type of interferometer with two parallel mirrors (with a variable separation of a few centimetres) arranged so that incoming light is reflected between them multiple times before ultimately being transmitted. ... Useful in spectroscopy because it gives very good frequency resolution without losing too much of the inciden …

Fabry, Johannes
<person> German dermatologist, 1860-1930. ... See: Fabry's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fabry's disease
<disease> Lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency of alpha-galactosidase a and resulting in an accumulation of globotriaosylceramide in the renal and cardiovascular systems. ... The disease is characterised by telangiectatic skin lesions, renal failure, and disturbances of the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and central nervous syst …

fabulation
Synonym: fabrication. ... Origin: L. Fabulatio, fr. Fabulor, pp. -atus, to speak ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

FACCP
<abbreviation> Fellow of the American College of Chest Physicians. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

FACD
<abbreviation> Fellow of the American College of Dentists. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

face
1. The exterior form or appearance of anything; that part which presents itself to the view; especially, the front or upper part or surface; that which particularly offers itself to the view of a spectator. 'A mist . . . Watered the whole face of the ground.' (Gen. Ii. 6) 'Lake Leman wooes me with its crystal face.' (Byron) ... 2. That part of a bod …

face form
The outline form of the face, the outline form of the face from an anterior view. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

face peel
<procedure> Removal of skin blemishes such as wrinkles, freckles, or acne scars by chemical agents producing injury (trichloracetic, phenol, or other organic acids) or solid carbon dioxide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

face validity
The extent to which the items of a test or procedure appear superficially to sample that which is to be measured. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

face-bow
<dentistry, equipment> A wire caliper-like device used to record the relationship of the jaws to the temporomandibular joints. The resulting record can then be used to create a cast or model of the maxilla to the opening and closing axis of the articulator. ... They consists of two metal parts attached together. The inner part is shaped like a …

face-bow fork
<dentistry> That part of the face-bow assemblage used to attach the maxillary trial base to the face-bow proper. ... Synonym: bite fork. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

face-bow record
<dentistry> A registration utilizing a face-bow of the position of the hinge axis and/or the condyles; the face-bow record is used to orient the maxillary cast to the opening and closing axis of the articulator. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facelift
<surgery> A surgical procedure designed to reduce the visible signs of aging in the face. Commonly referred to as a facelift. Recovery is typically 2-3 weeks duration. ... Synonym: rhytidectomy. ... (21 Jun 2000) ...

facet
1. A little face; a small, plane surface; as, the facets of a diamond. ... Alternative forms: facette. ... 2. <anatomy> A smooth circumscribed surface; as, the articular facet of a bone. ... 3. The narrow plane surface between flutings of a column. ... 4. <entomology, zoology> One of the numerous small eyes which make up the compound eyes o …

facet joints
Synonym for zygapophyseal joints ... The synovial joints between zygapophyses or articular processes of the vertebrae. ... Synonym: articulationes zygapophyseales, facet joints, interarticular joints, juncturae zygapophyseales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facet of atlas for dens
A circular facet on the posterior (inner) surface of the anterior arch of the atlas which articulates with the dens of the axis. ... Synonym: fovea dentis atlantis, pit of atlas for dens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facet rhizotomy
<procedure> A percutaneous radio frequency lysis of the innervation of a facet. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facetectomy
<procedure> Excision of a facet. ... Origin: facet + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial
Origin: L. Facialis from facies = face of or pertaining to the face. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

facial angle
Any of several variously named and variously defined anatomical angle's that have been used to quantify facial protrusion, in dentistry, the angle formed by the intersection of the orbitomeatal (Frankfort) plane with the nasion-pogonion line (inner lower angle), which establishes the anteroposterior relation of the mandible to the upper face at the …

facial artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, external carotid; branches, ascending palatine, tonsillar and glandular branches, submental, inferior labial, superior labial, masseteric, buccal, lateral nasal branches, and angular. ... Synonym: arteria facialis, arteria maxillaris externa, external maxillary artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial asymmetry
Congenital or acquired asymmetry of the face. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

facial axis
Synonym for basifacial axis ... A line drawn from the subnasal point to the midpoint of the sphenoethmoidal suture. ... Synonym: facial axis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial bones
The facial skeleton, consisting of bones situated between the cranial base and the mandibular region. While some consider the facial bones to comprise the hyoid, palatine, and zygomatic bones, mandible, and maxilla, others include also the lacrimal and nasal bones, inferior nasal concha, and vomer but exclude the hyoid bone. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

facial canal
The bony passage in the temporal bone through which the facial nerve passes; the facial canal commences at the internal auditory meatus with the horizontal part which passes at first anteriorly (medial crus of facial canal) then turns posteriorly at the geniculum of the facial canal to pass medial to the tympanic cavity (lateral crus of facial cana …

facial cleft
A cleft resulting from incomplete merging or fusion of embryonic processes normally uniting in the formation of the face, e.g., cleft lip or cleft palate. ... Synonym: prosopoanoschisis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial colliculus
Prominent portion of the medial eminence, just rostral to the medullary striae in the rhomboidal fossa; it is formed by the internal genu of the facial nerve and the abducens nucleus around which the facial fibres curve. ... Synonym: colliculus facialis, abducens eminence, eminentia abducentis, eminentia facialis, facial eminence, facial hillock. …

facial diplegia
Paralysis of both sides of the face. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial eczema
A photosensitivity disease of sheep in New Zealand associated with ingestion of plants during periods when autumn rains produce lush growth following seasons of dryness and close grazing; the predisposing cause is hepatic disease, which results from toxins of the fungus Pithomyces chartarum, which grows on the plants. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial eminence
Synonym for facial colliculus ... Prominent portion of the medial eminence, just rostral to the medullary striae in the rhomboidal fossa; it is formed by the internal genu of the facial nerve and the abducens nucleus around which the facial fibres curve. ... Synonym: colliculus facialis, abducens eminence, eminentia abducentis, eminentia facialis, fa …

facial expression
Observable changes of expression in the face in response to emotional stimuli. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

facial hemiatrophy
Atrophy of one half of the face which is sometimes progressive, and is of unknown cause. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

facial hemiatrophy of Romberg
Synonym for facial hemiatrophy ... Atrophy of one half of the face which is sometimes progressive, and is of unknown cause. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

facial hemiplegia
Paralysis of one side of the face, the muscles of the extremities being unaffected. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial hillock
Synonym for facial colliculus ... Prominent portion of the medial eminence, just rostral to the medullary striae in the rhomboidal fossa; it is formed by the internal genu of the facial nerve and the abducens nucleus around which the facial fibres curve. ... Synonym: colliculus facialis, abducens eminence, eminentia abducentis, eminentia facialis, fa …

facial index
Relation of the length of the face to its maximal width between the zygomatic prominences; to get ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial injuries
General or unspecified injuries to the soft tissue or bony portions of the face. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

facial lymph nodes
A chain of lymph nodes lying along the facial vein that receive afferent vessels from the eyelids, nose, cheek, lip, and gums, and send efferent vessels to the submandibular nodes. ... Synonym: nodi lymphatici faciales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial muscles
Muscles of facial expression or mimetic muscles that include the numerous muscles supplied by the facial nerve that are attached to and move the skin of the face. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

facial myokymia
Myokymia that appears in the facial muscles, causing narrowing of the palpebral fissure and continuous undulation of the facial skin surface; the latter is referred to as 'bag of worms' appearance and is best seen with reflected light; due to intrinsic brainstem lesion, such as a pontine glioma or multiple sclerosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial nerve
<anatomy, nerve> The facial nerve enervates the muscles of the face (facial expression). ... Lesion of the facial nerve cause a drooping to one side of the face, inability to wrinkle the forehead, inability to whistle, inability to close the eye and deviation of the mouth to the unaffected side. ... Synonym: cranial nerve VII. ... (27 Sep 1997)< …

facial neuralgia
Synonym for trigeminal neuralgia ... <neurology> A disorder of trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) dysfunction. ... Synonym: tic douloureux. ... Characterised by excruciating paroxysms of pain in the lips, gums, cheek or chin, and, very rarely, in the distribution of the eye (ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

facial pain
Pain in the face including the orofacial and craniofacial regions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

facial palsy
<neurology> A condition that involves the facial nerve (VII cranial nerve) and results in the paralysis of one side of the face. Bell's (facial nerve palsy) can be differentiated from a central (stroke) deficit by the inability to raise the eyebrow on the affected side. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

facial paralysis
Paralysis of the facial muscles, usually unilateral, due to either a lesion involving the nucleus or the facial nerve peripheral to the nucleus (peripheral facial paralysis) or a supranuclear lesion in the cerebrum or upper brainstem (central facial paralysis). With latter, facial weakness is usually partial and the upper portion of the face is rel …

facial plane
A measurement of the bony profile of the face. ... Synonym: nasion-pogonion measurement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial plexus
An autonomic plexus on the facial artery derived from the external carotid plexus; it sends a branch to the submandibular ganglion. ... Synonym: external maxillary plexus, plexus maxillaris externus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial profile
The outline form of the face from a lateral view, the sagittal outline form of the face. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial reflex
Synonym for bulbomimic reflex ... In a case of coma from severe apoplexy, pressure on the eyeballs causes contraction of the facial muscles of expression on the side opposite to the lesion; if coma due to diabetes, uraemia, or other toxic cause the reflex is present on both sides. ... Synonym: facial reflex, Mondonesi's reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial root
Synonym for nerve of pterygoid canal ... The nerve constituting the parasympathetic and sympathetic root of the pterygopalatine ganglion; it is formed in the region of the foramen lacerum by the union of the greater superficial petrosal and the deep petrosal nerves, and runs through the pterygoid canal to the pterygopalatine fossa. ... Synonym: nervu …

facial spasm
Synonym for facial tic ... Involuntary twitching of the facial muscles, sometimes unilateral. ... Synonym: Bell's spasm, convulsive tic, facial spasm, histrionic spasm, mimic convulsion, mimic spasm, mimic tic, palmus, prosopospasm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial surface of tooth
Synonym for vestibular surface of tooth ... The surface of a tooth that faces the buccal or labial mucosa of vestibule of the mouth; opposite to the lingual surface of tooth. ... Synonym: facies vestibularis dentis, facies facialis dentis, buccal surface, facial surface of tooth, facies buccalis, facies labialis, labial surface. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial tic
Involuntary twitching of the facial muscles, sometimes unilateral. ... Synonym: Bell's spasm, convulsive tic, facial spasm, histrionic spasm, mimic convulsion, mimic spasm, mimic tic, palmus, prosopospasm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facial tics
<neurology> A repetitive spasmodic movement of the eyes or facial muscles. May also involve the neck or shoulders. ... Tics are most common in children. The cause is unknown but may be linked to stress. Tics are more common in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disease. Most tics require no treatment and resolve on their own with pa …

facial triangle
A triangle formed by lines connecting the basion, the prosthion, and the nasion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...