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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

familial cancer
<oncology> One occurring in families more frequently than would be expected by chance. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

familial chylomicronemia syndrome
<endocrinology, syndrome> An inherited disorder resulting in accumulation of chylomicrons as well as triacylglycerols. ... See: chylomicronemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

familial combined hyperlipemia
familial hyperlipoproteinemia ...

familial combined hyperlipidaemia
<biochemistry, endocrinology> Inherited as a defective gene, this disorder is characterised by elevations in serum cholesterol and/or triglycerides. ... There are often multiple types of lipoproteins (LDL) elevated in one family. This condition is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

familial dysautonomia
<neurology, syndrome> A congenital syndrome with specific disturbances of the nervous system and aberrations in autonomic nervous system function such as indifference to pain, diminished lacrimation, poor vasomotor homeostasis, motor incoordination, labile cardiovascular reactions, hyporeflexia, frequent attacks of bronchial pneumonia, hypers …

familial dysbetalipoproteinaemia
<biochemistry, cardiology> An inherited disorder (gene defect) where both cholesterol and triglycerides are elevated in the same patient. This condition accelerates the effects of atherosclerosis and thus increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Conditions such as hypothyroidism, obesity and diabetes enhances this risk. ... Origin: Gr. Ha …

familial emphysema
Emphysema inherited in association with severe alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. It may occur as an isolated feature or with cutis laxa and haemolytic anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

familial erythroblastic anaemia
An outmoded term for thalassaemia major. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

familial fat-induced hyperlipaemia
Synonym for type I familial hyperlipoproteinaemia ... Hyperlipoproteinaemia characterised by the presence of large amounts of chylomicrons and triglycerides in the plasma when the patient has a normal diet, and their disappearance on a fat-free diet; low alpha-and beta-lipoproteins on a normal diet, with increase on fat-free diet; decreased plasma p …

familial glycinuria
A metabolic disorder believed to be due to defective renal glycine reabsorption; it may or may not be accompanied by oxalate urolithiasis; may be the heterozygous state of iminoglycinuria; autosomal dominant inheritance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

familial goiter
A group of heritable thyroid disorders in which goiter is commonly apparent first during childhood; often associated with skeletal and/or mental retardation, and with other signs of hypothyroidism that may develop with age. Various types of familial goiter have been identified: 1) iodide transport defect, in which the gland is unable to concentrate …

familial hyperbetalipoproteinaemia
Synonym for type II familial hyperlipoproteinaemia ... Hyperlipoproteinaemia characterised by increased plasma levels of beta-lipoproteins, cholesterol, and phospholipids, but normal triglycerides; heterozygotes have mild lipid changes and are susceptible to atherosclerosis in middle age, but homozygotes have severe changes often with generalised xa …

familial hypercholesterolaemia
<biochemistry, cardiology> Excess of cholesterol in plasma as a result of defects in the recycling process that leads to reduced uptake of LDL (low density lipoprotein) into coated vesicles. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

familial hyperchylomicronaemia
Synonym for type I familial hyperlipoproteinaemia ... Hyperlipoproteinaemia characterised by the presence of large amounts of chylomicrons and triglycerides in the plasma when the patient has a normal diet, and their disappearance on a fat-free diet; low alpha-and beta-lipoproteins on a normal diet, with increase on fat-free diet; decreased plasma p …

familial hyperlipoproteinaemia
<biochemistry> A relatively rare (7 out of 1,000) genetic disease in which there is elevation in the blood triglycerides, cholesterol and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Also called type II hyperlipoproteinaemia, familial hyperlipoproteinaemia or familial hypercholesterolaemia. ... Origin: Gr. Haima = blood ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

familial hypertriglyceridaemia
<biochemistry> A common inherited disorder in which the concentration of VLDL is elevated in the bloodstream. VLDL is the lipoprotein carrier that carries triglycerides. Elevations of the triglyceride level (particularly in association with elevated cholesterol) have been correlated with the development of atherosclerosis, the underlying caus …

familial hypertriglyceridemia
Synonym for type I familial hyperlipoproteinaemia ... Hyperlipoproteinaemia characterised by the presence of large amounts of chylomicrons and triglycerides in the plasma when the patient has a normal diet, and their disappearance on a fat-free diet; low alpha-and beta-lipoproteins on a normal diet, with increase on fat-free diet; decreased plasma p …

familial hypobetalipoproteinaemia
A disorder similar to abetalipoproteinaemia; chylomicron formation still occurs, but LDL levels are typically low. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

familial hypophosphatemic rickets
Synonym for vitamin d-resistant rickets ... <radiology> X-linked recessive, defect in renal tubular resorption of phosphate, presents at 1 yr, progressive limb deformities X-ray: less severe changes than other rickets, presents later Differential diagnosis features: family hx, normal serum calcium, marked hypophosphataemia (decreased PO4), no …

familial hypoplastic anaemia
Synonym for congenital hypoplastic anaemia ... Congenital nonregenerative, familial hypoplastic, or pure red cell anaemia; erythrogenesis imperfecta; Diamond-Blackfan syndrome; autosomal recessive normocytic normochromic anaemia resulting from congenital hypoplasia of the bone marrow, which is grossly deficient in erythroid precursors while other el …

familial intestinal polyposis
Synonym for multiple intestinal polyposis ... Begins usually in late childhood; polyps increase in numbers, causing symptoms of chronic colitis, and carcinoma of the colon almost invariably develops in untreated cases; autosomal dominant inheritance. In the Gardner syndrome there are extracolonic changes (desmoid tumours, etc.). ... Synonym: polyposi …

familial juvenile nephrophthisis
<nephrology> A rare hereditary kidney disease characterised by the gradual loss of kidney function due to the presence of cysts in the renal medulla. ... Symptoms include high urine output (cannot concentrate the urine), weakness, weight loss, nocturia, fatigue and headache. There is no cure and usually progresses from chronic renal failure to …

familial lipodystrophy
Autosomal dominant; partial lip associated with multifacial hypoplasin, retarded bone age, and hypotichosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

familial mediterranean fever
An inherited intestinal disorder that is characterised by recurrent fevers and intestinal inflammation. Usually has onset between the ages of 5 and 15 years and is more common in those of Mediterranean descent. ... Symptoms include fevers and abdominal pain. Some may also suffer from chest pains, multiple joint pains and red swollen legs. ... (27 Sep …

familial mental retardation 1
See FMR1. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

familial mental retardation protein
See FMRP. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

familial microcytic anaemia
A rare type of autosomal recessive hypochromic microcytic anaemia associated with a defect of iron metabolism characterised by high serum iron, hepatic iron deposits, and absence of stainable bone marrow iron stores. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

familial nephrosis
The nephrotic syndrome appearing in sibs in infancy, without nerve deafness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

familial neuroviscerolipidosis
infantile, generalised GM1 gangliosidosis ...

familial nonhemolytic jaundice
Mild jaundice due to increased amounts of unconjugated bilirubin in the plasma without evidence of liver damage, biliary obstruction, or haemolysis; thought to be due to an inborn error of metabolism in which the excretion of bilirubin by the liver is defective, ascribed to decreased conjugation of bilirubin as a glucuronide or impaired uptake of h …

familial paroxysmal rhabdomyolysis
acute recurrent rhabdomyolysis ...

familial periodic paralysis
<neurology> A rare inherited disorder, affecting men more often than women, characterised by intermittent episodes of muscle weakness or paralysis. ... One form, known as hypokalaemic periodic paralysis, is an autosomal recessive disorder that is characterised by bouts of muscle weakness (or paralysis) accompanied by low serum potassium levels …

familial polyposis
An inherited condition in which several hundred polyps develop in the colon and rectum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

familial polyposis coli
<gastroenterology, oncology> A inherited, disorder where there are multiple adenomatous polyps (up to several thousand) in the colon. Malignant degeneration of the polyps (to colon carcinoma) occurs in virtually 100% by age 40. ... Inheritance: autosomal dominant. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

familial recurrent polyserositis
familial paroxysmal polyserositis ...

familial screening
Screening directed at close relatives of probands with diseases that may lie latent, as in age-dependent dominant traits, or that may involve risk to progeny, as X-linked traits. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

familial spinal muscular atrophy
Synonym for infantile spinal muscular atrophy ... Transmitted as autosomal recessive on chromosome 5q. Progressive dysfunction of the anterior horn cells in the spinal cord and brainstem cranial nerves with profound weakness and bulbar dysfunction occurring in the first two years of life. Three groups, based on age of clinical onset, are recognised. …

familial splenic anaemia
Synonym for Gaucher's disease ... <disease> A chronic congenital disease of lipid metabolism caused by a deficiency of the beta-glucocerebrosidase enzyme. The defect is most common in Ashkenazi Jews. Clinical features are hepatosplenomegaly (enlargement of liver and spleen) and in severe early onset forms of the disease, with neurological dysf …

familial tremor
<neurology> A neurologic disorder that runs in families and manifests as tremor which typically increases with purposeful movements. Stimulant use can increase tremor. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

familial white folded dysplasia
Synonym for white sponge nevus ... An autosomal dominant condition of the oral cavity characterised by soft, white or opalescent, thickened and corrugated folds of mucous membrane; other mucosal sites are occasionally involved simultaneously. ... Synonym: familial white folded dysplasia, oral epithelial nevus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

family
A taxonomic classification between genus and order. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

family characteristics
Size and composition of the family. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

family group
<zoology> The highest-ranking group of taxa whose names are regulated. The family group includes taxa at the ranks of superfamily, family, subfamily, tribe, and any other rank below superfamily and above the genus group that may be required, such as subtribe ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

family health
The health status of the family as a unit including the impact of the health of one member of the family on the family as a unit and on individual family members; also, the impact of family organization or disorganization on the health status of its members. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

family history
The medical history of your immediate blood relatives (mother, father, grandparents and siblings) ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

family leave
The authorised absence from work of a family member to attend the illness or participate in the care of a parent, a sibling, or other family member. For the care of a parent for a child or for pre- or postnatal leave of a parent, parental leave is available. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

family medicine
The medical specialty concerned with providing continuous, comprehensive care to all age groups, from first patient contact to terminal care, with special emphasis on care of the family as a unit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

family physician
<specialist> A physician expert in the management of a wide scope of health problems in adults and children. ... Once referred to as a general practitioner or family practice physicians. ... (15 Nov 1997) ...

family planning
Programs or services designed to assist the family in controlling reproduction by either improving or diminishing fertility. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

family planning policy
A course or method of action selected, usually by a government, to guide and determine present and future decisions on population control by limiting the number of children or controlling fertility, notably through family planning and contraception within the nuclear family. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

family practice
A medical specialty concerned with the provision of continuing, comprehensive primary health care for the entire family. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

family practice physician
<specialist> A physician expert in the management of a wide scope of health problems in adults and children. ... Once referred to as a general practitioner or family physician. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

family predisposition
<genetics> A disease or condition that is present in a blood relative (grandparent, parent or sibling). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

family relations
Behavioural, psychological, and social relations among various members of the nuclear family and the extended family. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

family therapy
A form of group psychotherapy. It involves treatment of more than one member of the family simultaneously in the same session. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

famine dropsy
Oedema occurring with the hypoproteinaemia of low protein intake occurring as starvation of a large population group. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

famine fever
Synonym for relapsing fever ... An acute infection characterised by recurrent episodes of pyrexia alternating with asymptomatic intervals of apparent recovery. This condition has worldwide distribution and is caused by spirochetes of the genus borrelia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

famish
1. To starve, kill, or destroy with hunger. ... 2. To exhaust the strength or endurance of, by hunger; to distress with hanger. 'And when all the land of Egypt was famished, the people cried to Pharaoh for bread.' (Cen. Xli. 55) 'The pains of famished Tantalus he'll feel.' (Dryden) ... 3. To kill, or to cause to suffer extremity, by deprivation or de …

famotidine
<chemical> 3-(((2-((aminoiminomethyl)amino)-4-thiazolyl)methyl)thio)-n-(aminosulfonyl)propanimidamide. A competitive histamine h2-receptor antagonist. Its main pharmacodynamic effect is the inhibition of gastric secretion. The drug does not affect cardiovascular, renal, endocrine, pancreatic exocrine, or gastrointestinal motility functions. N …

famotine hydrochloride
1-[(p-Chlorophenoxy)methyl]-3,4-dihydroisoquinoline hydrochloride;an antiviral agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fan
1. To move as with a fan. 'The air . . . Fanned with unnumbered plumes.' (Milton) ... 2. To cool and refresh, by moving the air with a fan; to blow the air on the face of with a fan. ... 3. To ventilate; to blow on; to affect by air put in motion. 'Calm as the breath which fans our eastern groves.' (Dryden) ... 4. To winnow; to separate chaff from, an …

fan palm
<botany> Any palm tree having fan-shaped or radiate leaves; as the Chamaerops humilis of Southern Europe; the species of Sabal and Thrinax in the West Indies, Florida, etc.; and especially the great talipot tree (Corypha umbraculifera) of Ceylon and Malaya. The leaves of the latter are often eighteen feet long and fourteen wide, and are used …

fan sign
<clinical sign> The spreading apart of the toes in the complete Babinski's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fananas cell
A specialised astrocyte found in the cerebellar cortex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fananas, J
<person> Spanish physician. ... See: Fananas cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fanciful
1. Full of fancy; guided by fancy, rather than by reason and experience; whimsical; as, a fanciful man forms visionary projects. ... 2. Conceived in the fancy; not consistent with facts or reason; abounding in ideal qualities or figures; as, a fanciful scheme; a fanciful theory. ... 3. Curiously shaped or constructed; as, she wore a fanciful headdres …

Fanconi syndrome
<syndrome> Transport disease (recessive defect) in which the renal reabsorption of several substances (phosphate, glucose, amino acids) is impaired. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Fanconi, Guido
<person> Swiss paediatrician, 1892-1979. ... See: Fanconi's anaemia, Fanconi's pancytopenia, Fanconi's syndrome, De Toni-Fanconi syndrome, Lignac-Fanconi syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fanconi's anaemia
<haematology> A rare inherited type of aplastic anaemia which carries an increased risk to the patient of developing leukaemia. May be treated by bone marrow transplant. ... Origin: Gr. Haima = blood ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

Fanconi's pancytopenia
Synonym for congenital pancytopenia ... fanconi's anaemia ...

Fanconi's syndrome
<syndrome> A group of conditions with characteristic disorders of renal tubular function, which may be classified as: ... 1. Cystinosis, an autosomal recessive disease of early childhood. ... 2. Adult Fanconi syndrome, a rare hereditary form, probably due to a recessive gene different from that found in cystinosis, characterised by the tubular …

fancy
1. Adapted to please the fancy or taste; ornamental; as, fancy goods. ... 2. Extravagant; above real value. 'This anxiety never degenerated into a monomania, like that which led his [Frederick the Great's] father to pay fancy prices for giants.' (Macaulay) Fancy ball, a ball in which porsons appear in fanciful dresses in imitation of the costumes of …

fanft
<chemical> N-(4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl)formamide. A potent nitrofuran derivative tumour initiator. It causes bladder tumours in all animals studied and is mutagenic to many bacteria. ... Pharmacological action: carcinogens, mutagens. ... Chemical name: Formamide, N-(4-(5-nitro-2-furanyl)-2-thiazolyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fang
1. <zoology> The tusk of an animal, by which the prey is seized and held or torn; a long pointed tooth; especially, one of the usually erectile, venomous teeth of serpents. Also, one of the falcers of a spider. 'Since I am a dog, beware my fangs.' (Shak) ... 2. Any shoot or other thing by which hold is taken. 'The protuberant fangs of the yucc …

fango
Mud from the Battaglio thermal springs in Italy, applied externally in the treatment of rheumatism and other diseases of the joints and muscles. ... Origin: It. Mud ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fannia
A genus of flies of the family Muscidae. Species include Fannia canicularis (the lesser housefly), commonly observed in kitchens or near food, which resembles Musca domestica (the common housefly) but is somewhat smaller and has three brown stripes on the thorax, and Fannia scalaris (the latrine fly) which commonly lays eggs in liquid faeces of hum …

fantastic
1. Existing only in imagination; fanciful; imaginary; not real; chimerical. ... 2. Having the nature of a phantom; unreal. ... 3. Indulging the vagaries of imagination; whimsical; full of absurd fancies; capricious; as, fantastic minds; a fantastic mistress. ... 4. Resembling fantasies in irregularity, caprice, or eccentricity; irregular; oddly shaped …

fantasy
An imagined sequence of events or mental images, e.g., daydreams. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

FAPG base
<chemical> New topical vehicle for dermatological use; contains propylene glycol, stearyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol, glycerol ... Chemical name: 1,2,3-propanetriol, mixt. With alpha-hydro-omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), 1-octadecanol and 1,2-propanediol ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

far
1. To a great extent or distance of space; widely; as, we are separated far from each other. ... 2. To a great distance in time from any point; remotely; as, he pushed his researches far into antiquity. ... 3. In great part; as, the day is far spent. ... 4. In a great proportion; by many degrees; very much; deeply; greatly. 'Who can find a virtuous wo …

far east
A geographic area of east and southeast asia encompassing china, hong kong, japan, korea, macao, mongolia, and taiwan. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Far East haemorrhagic fever
Tick-borne infection with Rickettsia sibirica, seen primarily in Siberia and Mongolia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Far East Russian encephalitis
Tick-borne encephalitis (Eastern subtype). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

far point
That point in conjugate focus with the retina when the eye is not accommodating. ... Synonym: punctum remotum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

far point of convergence
The point to which the visual lines are directed when convergence is at rest. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

far point of eye
<microscopy> For the normal eye, the far point is at infinity. The rays of light from an infinitely distant point source are parallel and can be focused with the accommodation muscles of the eye entirely relaxed. ... See: accommodation, near point of the eye. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

far sight
Synonym for hyperopia ... Farsightedness or hyperopia occurs when a refractive error in which light rays entering the eye are focused behind the retina. This condition is easily corrected with corrective lenses or contact lenses. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

far Western analysis
Yeast gene, induced by factor, that causes cells to arrest in G1 phase, by interacting with the G1 cyclin, CLN2. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

far-and-near suture
A suture utilizing alternate near and far stitches, used to approximate fascial edges. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Farabeuf, Louis
<person> French surgeon, 1841-1910. ... See: Farabeuf's amputation, Farabeuf's triangle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Farabeuf's amputation
Amputation of the leg, the flap being large and on the outer side, amputation of the foot; disarticulation of the foot through the subtalar joint and the talo-navicular joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Farabeuf's triangle
The triangle formed by the internal jugular and facial veins and the hypoglossal nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

farad
<physics> The standard unit of electrical capacity; the capacity of a condenser whose charge, having an electromotive force of one volt, is equal to the amount of electricity which, with the same electromotive force, passes through one ohm in one second; the capacity, which, charged with one coulomb, gives an electromotive force of one volt.< …

faraday
<chemistry> A constant representing the charge on one mole of electrons, 96,500 coulombs. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

faraday rotator
<radiobiology> A device which rotates the plane of polarization of an optical-light pulse, typically by using a glass disc suitably doped with a magnetic ion and placed in a magnetic field. ... These devices are used to isolate (protect) a laser amplifier chain against back-reflection from the laser target, the Faraday rotator in this case giv …

Faraday, Michael
<person> English physicist and chemist, 1791-1867. ... See: farad, faraday, Faraday's constant, Faraday's laws. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Faraday's laws
The amount of an electrolyte decomposed by an electric current is proportional to the amount of the current, when the same current is passed through several electrolytes, the amounts of the different substances decomposed are proportional to their chemical equivalents. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

faradism
Faradic (induction) electricity. ... Surging faradism, a current of gradually increasing and decreasing amplitude obtained by interposing a rhythmic resistance to the alternating current produced by the induction coil. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

faradocontractility
Contractility of muscles under the stimulus of a faradic (induced) electric current. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

faradomuscular
Denoting the effect of applying a faradic (induced) electric current directly to a muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...