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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


fence month
The month in which female deer are fawning, when hunting is prohibited. Fence roof, a covering for defense. 'They fitted their shields close to one another in manner of a fence roof.' Fence time, the breeding time of fish or game, when they should not be killed. Rail fence, a fence made of rails, sometimes supported by posts. Ring fence, a fence wh …

fenchol synthetase
<enzyme> Catalyses cation-dependent cyclization of geranyl pyrophosphate and neryl pyrophosphate to the bicyclic rearranged endo-fenchol ... Registry number: EC 2.5.1.- ... Synonym: endo-fenchol synthetase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

fenclofenac
A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used in the treatment of joint disorders; similar to diclofenac. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenclonine
<chemical> An inhibitor of serotonin biosynthesis used to study the effects of serotonin depletion. ... Pharmacological action: serotonin agents. ... Chemical name: DL-Phenylalanine, 4-chloro- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fendiline
<chemical> N-(3,3-diphenylpropyl)-alpha-methylbenzylamine. Coronary vasodilator; inhibits calcium function in muscle cells in excitation-contraction coupling; proposed as antiarrhythmic and antianginal agents. ... Pharmacological action: anti-arrhythmia agents, calcium channel blockers, vasodilator agents. ... Chemical name: Benzenepropanamine, …

Fendt
H., 19th century Austrian dermatologist. ... See: Spiegler-Fendt pseudolymphoma, Spiegler-Fendt sarcoid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenestra cochleae
An opening on the medial wall of the middle ear leading into the cochlea, closed in life by the secondary tympanic membrane. ... Synonym: cochlear window, fenestra of the cochlea, fenestra rotunda, round window. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenestra nov-ovalis
Artificial opening through the otic capsule of the lateral semicircular canal, connecting the membranous labyrinth with the mastoid cavity produced during fenestration surgery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenestra of the cochlea
Synonym for fenestra cochleae ... An opening on the medial wall of the middle ear leading into the cochlea, closed in life by the secondary tympanic membrane. ... Synonym: cochlear window, fenestra of the cochlea, fenestra rotunda, round window. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenestra of the vestibule
Synonym for fenestra vestibuli ... An oval opening on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity leading into the vestibule, closed in life by the foot of the stapes. ... Synonym: fenestra of the vestibule, fenestra ovalis, oval window, vestibular window. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenestra ovalis
Synonym for fenestra vestibuli ... An oval opening on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity leading into the vestibule, closed in life by the foot of the stapes. ... Synonym: fenestra of the vestibule, fenestra ovalis, oval window, vestibular window. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenestra rotunda
Synonym for fenestra cochleae ... An opening on the medial wall of the middle ear leading into the cochlea, closed in life by the secondary tympanic membrane. ... Synonym: cochlear window, fenestra of the cochlea, fenestra rotunda, round window. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenestra vestibuli
An oval opening on the medial wall of the tympanic cavity leading into the vestibule, closed in life by the foot of the stapes. ... Synonym: fenestra of the vestibule, fenestra ovalis, oval window, vestibular window. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenestrate
Having openings or translucent areas. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

fenestrated
<botany> A type of leaf anatomy with small perforation or transparent spots. Confined to a few tropical monocotyledons which grow on the island of Madagascar. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

fenestrated capillary
A capillary, found in renal glomeruli, intestinal villi, and some glands, in which ultramicroscopic pores of variable size occur; usually these are closed by a delicate diaphragm, although diaphragms are lacking in at least some renal glomerular capillary's. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenestrated membrane
An elastic membrane, as in elastic laminae of arteries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenestrated sheath
A sheath with a window cut in the tip or lateral convexity, through which special cutting instruments can be passed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenestration operation
A rarely used surgical procedure producing an opening from the external auditory canal to the membranous labyrinth to improve hearing in hearing impairment of the conduction type. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenestration, labyrinth
The surgical creation of a new opening in the labyrinth of the ear for the restoration of hearing in cases of otosclerosis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fenethylline hydrochloride
7-2-[(alpha-Methylphenethyl)amino]ethyltheophylline hydrochloride;an analeptic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenfluramine
<chemical> A centrally active drug that apparently both blocks serotonin uptake and provokes transport-mediated serotonin release. It is used in the treatment of obesity, and has been suggested as treatment for several psychiatric disorders thought to involve serotonergic systems. Unlike most appetite depressants it tends to cause central ner …

fenfluramine hydrochloride
N-Ethyl-alpha-methyl-m-(trifluoromethyl)phenethylamine hydrochloride;an anorexigenic agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenitrothion
<chemical> An organothiophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide. ... Pharmacological action: cholinesterase inhibitor, insecticide, organothiophosphate. ... Chemical name: Phosphorothioic acid, O,O-dimethyl O-(3-methyl-4-nitrophenyl) ester ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fenitrothion phosphatase
<enzyme> From alcaligenes nc5, microbe from soil treated with fensulfothion; hydrolytically cleaves fensulfothion and structurally related organophosphorus cpds ... Registry number: EC 3.1.3.- ... Synonym: fnt phosphatase, fensulfothion phosphatase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

Fenn effect
The increased liberation of heat in a stimulated muscle when it is allowed to do mechanical work; the amount of heat liberated is increased in proportion to the distance the muscle is allowed to shorten and in proportion to the tension it must develop (e.g., the weight it lifts) during shortening; thus increased chemical energy is consumed both to …

Fenn, Wallace Osgood
<person> U.S. Physiologist, 1893-1971. ... See: Fenn effect. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fennel
<botany> A perennial plant of the genus Faeniculum (F.vulgare), having very finely divided leaves. It is cultivated in gardens for the agreeable aromatic flavor of its seeds. 'Smell of sweetest fennel.' (Milton) 'A sprig of fennel was in fact the theological smelling bottle of the tender sex.' (S. G. Goodrich) Azorean, or Sweet, fennel, (Faen …

fenoldopam
<chemical> A dopamine d1 receptor agonist that is used as an antihypertensive agent. It lowers blood pressure through arteriolar vasodilation. ... Pharmacological action: antihypertensive agents, dopamine agonists, vasodilator agents. ... Chemical name: 1H-3-Benzazepine-7,8-diol, 6-chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998) …

fenoprofen
<chemical> An anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic highly bound to plasma proteins. It is pharmacologically similar to aspirin, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding. ... Pharmacological action: cyclooxygenase inhibitors, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. ... Chemical name: Benzeneacetic acid, alpha-methyl-3-phenoxy-, (+-)- ... …

fenoprofen calcium
Calcium (&plusmn;)-m-phenoxyhydratropate dihydrate;an anti-inflammatory analgesic used for treatment of mild to moderate pain and for osteoarthritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenoterol
<chemical> Adrenergic beta-2 agonist used as a bronchodilator and tocolytic. ... Pharmacological action: adrenergic beta-agonists, bronchodilator agents, sympathomimetic, tocolytic agents. ... Chemical name: 1,3-Benzenediol, 5-(1-hydroxy-2-((2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methylethyl)amino)ethyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fenpipramide
A,alpha-Diphenyl-1-piperidinebutyramide;an antispasmodic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenretinide
<chemical> N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide. A synthetic retinoid that is used orally as a chemopreventive against prostate cancer and in women at risk of developing contralateral breast cancer. It is also effective as an antineoplastic agent. ... Pharmacological action: anticarcinogenic agents, antineoplastic agent. ... Chemical name: Retinamide, …

fenstration
Literally, the making of a window -- fenestra in Latin (and fenetre in French) is a window -- fenestration refers to the creation of a new opening. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fentanyl
<radiology> Contraindications: MAO inhibitors, respiratory problems, dosing: 50 mcg slow push (over 1-2 minutes) loading, 50 mcg q 30 minutes maintenance, total dose of not more than 200 mcg/hr, institute continuous cardiac monitoring &AMP; pulse oximetry, reversal: naloxone (Narcan) 0.2 mg over 2-3 minutes ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fentanyl citrate
N-(1-Phenethyl-4-piperidyl)propionanilide citrate;a short-acting narcotic analgesic used as a supplementary analgesic in general anaesthesia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fenthion
<chemical> Phosphorothioic acid o,o-dimethyl o-(3-methyl-4-(methylthio)phenyl) ester. Potent cholinesterase inhibitor used as an insecticide and acaricide. ... Pharmacological action: cholinesterase inhibitor, insecticide, organothiophosphate. ... Chemical name: Phosphorothioic acid, O,O-dimethyl O-(3-methyl-4-(methylthio)phenyl) ester ... (12 D …

fenticlor
2,2'-Thiobis[4-chlorophenol];a topical anti-infective agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fenton reaction
The use of H2O2 and ferrous salts (Fenton's reagent) to oxidise alpha-hydroxy acids to alpha-keto acids or to convert 1,2-glycols to alpha-hydroxy aldehydes, the formation of OH-, OH-, and Fe3+ from the nonenzymatic reaction of Fe2+ with H2O2; a reaction of importance in the oxidative stress in blood cells and various tissues. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fenwick-Hunner ulcer
Synonym for Hunner's ulcer ... A focal and often multiple lesion involving all layers of the bladder wall in chronic interstitial cystitis; the surface epithelium is destroyed by inflammation and the initially pale lesion cracks and bleeds with distention of the bladder. ... Synonym: elusive ulcer, Fenwick-Hunner ulcer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fenwick, Edwin Hurry
<person> British urologist, 1856-1944. ... See: Fenwick-Hunner ulcer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fenwick, Samuel
<person> British physician, 1821-1902. ... See: Fenwick's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fenwick's disease
<disease> Idiopathic gastric atrophy. ... See: atrophic gastritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fergusson, Sir William
<person> Scottish surgeon, 1808-1877. ... See: Fergusson's incision. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fergusson's incision
An incision used in maxillectomy, along the junction of cheek and nose, to bisect the upper lip. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferment
To cause ferment of fermentation in; to set in motion; to excite internal emotion in; to heat. 'Ye vigorous swains! while youth ferments your blood.' (Pope) ... Origin: L. Fermentare, fermentatum: cf. F. Fermenter. See Ferment. ... 1. That which causes fermentation, as yeast, barm, or fermenting beer. ... Ferments are of two kinds: (a) Formed or organ …

fermentable
Capable of undergoing fermentation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fermentation
<microbiology> The anaerobic enzymatic conversion of organic compounds, especially carbohydrates, to simpler compounds, especially to ethyl alcohol, resulting in energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ... The process is used in the production of alcohol, bread, vinegar and other food or industrial products. It differs from respira …

fermentation substrates
Materials used as food for growing microorganisms, part of the culture medium along with chemicals that facilitate fermentation and other trace materials. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

fermentative
Causing or having the ability to cause fermentation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fermentative dyspepsia
Dyspepsia accompanied by fermentation of the contents of the stomach, usually occurring in gastric dilation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fermenter
<apparatus> In biotechnology, a fermenter is the container in which host cells containing recombinant DNA are grown. ... Ferments can vary in size from less than a liter for experimental systems to thousands of liters for commercial systems. The one constant is that they are closed tanks. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

fermentor
A device used to grow large amounts of bacteria in liquid culture. The device generally can hold more than 10 litres of liquid growth medium, has a heater to provide constant temperature, and has an agitator for aeration. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

fermium
<chemical> Fermium. A man-made radioactive actinide with atomic symbol fm, atomic number 100, and atomic weight 257. Its known isotopes range from 244-254 and 256-258. Its valence can be +2 or +3. Like einsteinium, it was discovered in 1952 in the debris from a thermonuclear explosion. ... Chemical name: Fermium ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

fern
<botany> An order of cryptogamous plants, the Filices, which have their fructification on the back of the fronds or leaves. They are usually found in humid soil, sometimes grow epiphytically on trees, and in tropical climates often attain a gigantic size. ... The plants are asexual, and bear clustered sporangia, containing minute spores, which …

fern allies
<botany> A group of nonflowering vascular plants comprised of club mosses (Family Lycopodiaceae), small club mosses (Family Selaginellaceae) and quillworts (Family Isoetaceae). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

fern test
A test for oestrogenic activity; cervical mucus smears form a fern pattern at those times when oestrogen secretion is elevated, as at the time of ovulation; a test to detect ruptured amniotic membranes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fernandez reaction
A delayed hypersensitivity lepromin reaction, similar to a tuberculin reaction, at the site of intradermal injection of Dharmendra antigen in a lepromin test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fernbach flask
A flask used in microbial fermentations where a large surface area of the liquid substrate is required. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fernbach, Auguste
<person> French microbiologist, 1860-1939. ... See: Fernbach flask. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferning
A term used to describe the pattern of arborization produced by cervical mucus, secreted at midcycle, upon crystallization, which resembles somewhat a fern or a palm leaf. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ferrata's cell
Synonym for haemohistioblast ... A primitive mesenchymal cell believed to be capable of developing into all types of blood cells, including monocytes, and into histiocytes. ... Synonym: Ferrata's cell, haematohistioblast. ... Origin: haemo-+ G. Histion, web, + blastos, germ ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferratin
Sodium iron albuminate;a haematinic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferredoxin
<protein> Low molecular weight iron sulphur proteins that transfer electrons from one enzyme system to another without themselves having enzyme activity. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

ferredoxin-NADP reductase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the oxidation and reduction of ferredoxin or adrenodoxin in the presence of NADP. ... Chemical name: Ferredoxin:NADP+ oxidoreductase ... Registry number: EC 1.18.1.2 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ferredoxin-nitrite oxidoreductase
<enzyme> Catalyses reduction of nitrite to ammonia with reduced ferredoxin as electron donor ... Registry number: EC 1.7.7.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

ferredoxin-thioredoxin reductase
<enzyme> Found in chloroplasts ... Registry number: EC 1.18.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

ferredoxins
Iron-containing proteins that transfer electrons, usually at a low potential, to flavoproteins; the iron is not present as in haem. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Ferrein, Antoine
<person> French anatomist, 1693-1769. ... See: Ferrein's canal, Ferrein's cords, Ferrein's foramen, Ferrein's ligament, Ferrein's pyramid, Ferrein's tube, Ferrein's vasa aberrantia, processus ferreini. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ferrein's canal
Synonym for rivus lacrimalis ... A space between the closed lids and the eyeball through which the tears flow to the punctum lacrimale. ... Synonym: Ferrein's canal. ... Origin: L. Rivus, stream, + Mediev. L. Lacrimalis, fr. L. Lacrima, a tear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ferrein's foramen
Synonym for hiatus of facial canal ... The opening on the anterior aspect of the petrous part of the temporal bone which leads to the facial canal and gives passage to the greater petrosal nerve. ... Synonym: hiatus canalis nervi petrosi majoris, fallopian hiatus, Ferrein's foramen, hiatus canalis facialis, hiatus of canal for greater petrosal nerve. …

Ferrein's ligament
Synonym for lateral temporomandibular ligament ... <anatomy> The capsular ligament that passes obliquely down and backward across the lateral surface of the temporomandibular joint. ... Synonym: ligamentum laterale articulationis temporomandibularis, Ferrein's ligament, lateral ligament of temporomandibular joint, ligamentum temporomandibulare, …

Ferrein's pyramid
Synonym for medullary ray ... The centre of the renal lobule, which has the shape of a small, steep pyramid, consisting of straight tubular parts; these may be either ascending or descending limbs of the nephronic loop or collecting tubules. ... Synonym: pars radiata lobuli corticalis renis, Ferrein's pyramid, processus ferreini. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Ferrein's tube
Synonym for convoluted tubule of kidney ... The highly convoluted segments of the nephron in the renal labyrinth comprising the proximal convoluted tubule, which leads from Bowman's capsule to the descending limb of Henle's loop, and the distal convoluted tubule, which leads from the ascending limb of Henle's loop to the collecting tube. ... Synonym: …

Ferrein's vasa aberrantia
Biliary canaliculi that are not connected with hepatic lobules. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferret
<zoology> An animal of the Weasel family (Mustela or Putorius furo), about fourteen inches in length, of a pale yellow or white colour, with red eyes. It is a native of Africa, but has been domesticated in Europe. Ferrets are used to drive rabbits and rats out of their holes. ... Origin: F. Furet, cf. LL. Furo; prob. Fr. L. Fur thief (cf. Furt …

ferrets
Semidomesticated variety of european polecat much used for hunting rodents and/or rabbits and as a laboratory animal. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ferri-
<chemistry, prefix> A combining form indicating ferric iron as an ingredient; as, ferricyanide. ... (29 Oct 1998) ...

ferric
Pertaining to, derived from, or containing iron. ... <chemistry> Specifically, denoting those compounds in which iron has a higher valence than in the ferrous compounds; as, ferric oxide; ferric acid. ... <chemistry> Ferric acid, sesquioxide of iron, Fe2O3; hematite. See Hematite. ... Origin: L. Ferrum iron: cf. F. Ferrique. See Ferrous.
ferric alum
Synonym for ferric ammonium sulfate ... An astringent and styptic. ... Synonym: ammonium ferric sulfate, ferric alum, iron alum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferric ammonium citrate
Soluble ferric citrate;a compound used in hypochromic anaemia; it is relatively free of astringent and irritant action. ... Ferric ammonium citrate green is often used in hypochromic anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferric ammonium sulfate
An astringent and styptic. ... Synonym: ammonium ferric sulfate, ferric alum, iron alum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferric chloride
An astringent and styptic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferric chloride test
A qualitative test for the detection of phenylketonuria; the addition of ferric chloride to urine gives rise to a blue-green colour in the presence of phenylketonuria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferric citrate iron reductase
<enzyme> Requires fmn, uses NADH; fre1 and fre2 provide membrane-associated ferric reductase activity for saccharomyces cerevisiae ... Registry number: EC 1.6.99.- ... Synonym: ferric iron reductase, iron reductase, ferric reductase, NADH-dependent, ferrireductase, iron (iii) reductase, ferric reductase, fre1 gene product, fre2 gene product, fe …

ferric compounds
<chemical> Inorganic or organic compounds containing trivalent iron. ... Pharmacological action: haematinics. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ferric fructose
A potassium-iron-fructose; a haematinic drug. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferric glycerophosphate
A tonic and a source of iron. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferric hydroxide
Hydrated iron oxide;a compound previously used, freshly prepared, as an antidote to arsenic poisoning. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferric leghemoglobin reductase
<enzyme> From cytosol of soybean root nodules; reduces ferric leghemoglobin to the ferrous state ... Registry number: EC 1.6.- ... Synonym: leghemoglobin reductase, ferric, ferric lb reductase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

ferric oxide
A compound used as a colouring material. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferric phosphate
A compound used as a feed and as a food supplement. ... Soluble ferric phosphate, ferric phosphate with sodium citrate; a haematinic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferric sulfate
Iron persulfate, tersulfate, or sesquisulfate; an astringent and styptic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ferrichrome
Ligands for iron binding secreted by microorganisms to sequester and transport iron. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

ferrichrome reductase
<enzyme> Reduces iron to ferrous state, inhibited by oxygen ... Registry number: EC 1.- ... Synonym: NADH-ferrichrome oxidoreductase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

ferrichrome synthetase
<enzyme> Synthesises ferrichrome; from aspergillus quadricinctus ... Registry number: EC 6.3.2.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

ferricyanic
<chemistry> Pertaining to, or derived from, a ferricyanide. ... <chemistry> Ferricyanic acid, a brown crystalline substance, H6(CN)12Fe2, obtained from potassium ferricyanide, and regarded as the type of the ferricyanides. ... Synonym: hydro-ferricyanic acid, hydrogen ferricyanide, etc. ... Origin: Ferri- + cyanic. ... Source: Websters Dict …

ferricyanide
<chemistry> One of a complex series of double cyanides of ferric iron and some other base. ... <chemistry> Potassium ferricyanide, red prussiate of potash; a dark, red, crystalline salt, K6(CN)12Fe2, consisting of the double cyanide of potassium and ferric iron. From it is derived the ferrous ferricyanate, Turnbull's blue. ... Origin: Fer …

ferricyanide reductase
<enzyme> Can be substituted for cytochrome b(5) reductase assay ... Registry number: EC 1.6.99.- ... Synonym: NADPH-ferricyanide reductase, NADH-ferricyanide dehydrogenase, NADH ferricyanide reductase, NADH ferricyanide oxidoreductase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...