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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

factor IV
In the clotting of blood, calcium ions. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

factor ix
<chemical> Storage-stable blood coagulation factor acting in the intrinsic pathway. Its activated form, ixa, forms a complex with factor viii and calcium on platelet factor 3 to activate factor x to xa. Deficiency of factor ix results in christmas disease (haemophilia b). ... Chemical name: Blood-coagulation factor IX ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

factor ix assay
A test used to measure the activity of a blood clotting factor IX (Christmas factor). This test may be used to evaluate excessive bleeding. Abnormally low factor IX assays may be seen in the following conditions: congenital deficiency of factor IX, fat malabsorption, heparin administration, cirrhosis, vitamin K deficiency and warfarin administratio …

factor ix deficiency
A form of haemophilia in males that results from a deficiency of clotting factor IX, transmitted as a X-linked trait. ... Symptoms include easy bruising, nosebleeds, bleeding gums and bleeding into muscle tissue (haematoma) or a joint space (haemarthrosis). ... Treatment includes the infusion of factor IX concentrates to normalize blood coagulation.< …

factor ixa
<enzyme> Activated form of factor ix. This activation can take place via the intrinsic pathway by the action of factor xia and calcium, or via the extrinsic pathway by the action of factor viia, thromboplastin, and calcium. Factor ixa serves to activate factor x to xa by cleaving the arginyl-leucine peptide bond in factor x. ... Registry numbe …

factor P
A chemical (postulated by T. Lewis), formed in ischemic skeletal or cardiac muscle, held to be responsible for the pain of intermittent claudication and angina pectoris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

factor v
<chemical> Heat- and storage-labile plasma glycoprotein which accelerates the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin in blood coagulation. Factor v accomplishes this by forming a complex with factor xa, phospholipid, and calcium (prothrombinase complex). Deficiency of factor v leads to owren's disease. ... Chemical name: Blood-coagulation facto …

factor v assay
A test used to measure the activity of a blood clotting factor V. This test may be used to evaluate excessive bleeding. Abnormally low factor V assays may be seen in the following conditions: congenital deficiency of factor V, DIC, heparin administration, cirrhosis and primary fibrinolysis. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

factor v deficiency
An inherited disorder that results in abnormal blood clotting due to the deficiency of factor V, one of 20 plasma proteins responsible for the maintenance of normal blood clotting. ... Symptoms include excessive bleeding, bleeding gums, nosebleeds, easy bruising, excessive menstrual bleeding and bleeding into muscle tissue (haematoma) or a joint spa …

factor V1a
Synonym for cobyric acid ... The hexa-amide of cobyrinic acid; a part of the vitamin B12 structure. ... Synonym: cobyrinamide, cobyrinic hexa-amide, factor V1a. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

factor va
<chemical> Activated form of factor v. It is an essential cofactor for the activation of prothrombin catalyzed by factor xa. ... Chemical name: Blood-coagulation factor Va ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

factor vii
<chemical> Heat- and storage-stable plasma protein that is activated by tissue thromboplastin to form factor viia in the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. The activated form then catalyses the activation of factor x to factor xa. ... Chemical name: Blood-coagulation factor VII ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

factor vii assay
A test used to measure the activity of a blood clotting factor VII. This test may be used to evaluate excessive bleeding. Abnormally low factor VII assays may be seen in the following conditions: congenital deficiency of factor VII, fat malabsorption, heparin administration, cirrhosis, vitamin K deficiency and warfarin administration. ... (27 Sep 19 …

factor vii deficiency
An inherited disorder that causes abnormal blood clotting due to the congenital absence of one of the 20 different plasma proteins involved in the coagulation process. ... Symptoms include bleeding of the gums, nosebleeds, easy bruising, bleeding in muscles or joints and excessive menstrual bleeding. ... Treatment includes the administration of plasm …

factor viia
<enzyme> Activated form of factor vii. Factor viia activates factor x in the extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.21 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

factor viii
A coagulation (clotting) factor. Classic haemophilia (haemophilia A) is due to a congenital deficiency in the amount (or activity) of factor VIII. Factor VIII is also known as antihemophiliac factor (AHF) or antihemophiliac globulin (AHG). The gene for factor VIII (that for classic haemophilia) is on the X chromosome so females can be silent carrie …

factor viii assay
A test used to measure the activity of a blood clotting factor VIII (Von Willebrand factor). This test is usually used to monitor treatment of haemophilia. Abnormally low factor VIII assays may be seen in the following conditions: congenital deficiency of factor VIII (haemophilia), DIC and secondary fibrinolysis. This test may also be performed in …

factor viii deficiency
A sex-linked genetic disease affecting males that results from a deficiency of clotting factor VIII, a protein factor that is required for normal blood coagulation. ... Symptoms include easy bruising, bleeding gums, nosebleeds and bleeding into muscle tissue (haematoma) or a joint space (haemarthrosis). ... Treatment includes the infusion of factor V …

factor viiia
<chemical> Activated form of factor viii. The b-domain of factor viii is proteolytically cleaved by thrombin to form factor viiia. Factor viiia exists as a non-covalent dimer in a metal-linked (probably calcium) complex and functions as a cofactor in the enzymatic activation of factor x by factor ixa. Factor viiia is similiar in structure and …

factor x
<chemical> Storage-stable glycoprotein blood coagulation factor that can be activated to factor xa by both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways. A deficiency of factor x, sometimes called stuart-prower factor deficiency, may lead to a systemic coagulation disorder. ... Chemical name: Blood-coagulation factor X ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

factor x assay
A test used to measure the activity of a blood clotting factor X. This test may be used to evaluate excessive bleeding. Abnormally low factor X assays may be seen in the following conditions: congenital deficiency of factor X, fat malabsorption, heparin administration, cirrhosis, vitamin K deficiency and warfarin administration. ... (27 Sep 1997) …

factor x deficiency
Blood coagulation disorder usually inherited as an autosomal recessive trait, though it can be acquired. It is characterised by defective activity in both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, impaired thromboplastin time, and impaired prothrombin consumption. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

factor X for Haemophilus
Synonym for hemin ... <physiology> A substance, in the form of reddish brown, microscopic, prismatic crystals, formed from dried blood by the action of strong acetic acid and common salt; called also Teichmann's crystals. Chemically, it is a hydrochloride of haematin. ... The obtaining of these small crystals, from old blood clots or suspected …

factor xa
<enzyme> Activated form of factor x that participates in both the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of blood coagulation. It catalyses the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin in conjunction with other cofactors. ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.6 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

factor xi
<chemical> Stable blood coagulation factor involved in the intrinsic pathway. The activated form xia activates factor ix to ixa. Deficiency of factor xi is often called haemophilia c. ... Chemical name: Blood-coagulation factor XI ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

factor xi deficiency
A deficiency of blood coagulation factor xi (known as plasma thromboplastin antecedent or pta or antihemophilic factor c) resulting in a systemic blood-clotting defect called haemophilia c or rosenthal's syndrome, that may resemble classical haemophilia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

factor xia
<enzyme> Activated form of factor xi. In the intrinsic pathway, factor xi is activated to xia by factor xiia in the presence of cofactor hmwk (high molecular weight kininogen). Factor xia then activates factor ix to factor ixa in the presence of calcium. ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.27 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

factor xii
<chemical> Stable blood coagulation factor activated by contact with the subendothelial surface of an injured vessel. Along with prekallikrein, it serves as the contact factor that initiates the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation. Kallikrein activates factor xii to xiia. Deficiency of factor xii, also called the hageman trait, leads to in …

factor xii assay
A test used to measure the activity of a blood clotting factor XII. This test may be used to evaluate excessive bleeding. Low factor XII may be seen in cases of congenital deficiency of factor XII, heparin administration and liver disease. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

factor xii deficiency
A deficiency of a specific blood clotting factor (XII) that may be genetic or acquired. Administration of heparin or severe liver disease may result in factor XII (Hageman factor) deficiency. There are usually no symptoms associated with this deficiency, but there may be symptoms of mild blood loss in some cases. Treatment is generally unnecessary. …

factor xiia
<enzyme> Activated form of factor xii. In the initial event in the intrinsic pathway of blood coagulation, kallikrein (with cofactor high molecular weight kininogen) cleaves factor xii to xiia. Factor xiia is then further cleaved by kallikrein, plasmin, and trypsin to yield smaller factor xii fragments (hageman-factor fragments). These fragme …

factor xiii
<chemical> Fibrin stabilizing factor. It is a glycoprotein activated by thrombin in the presence of calcium to form factor xiiia. Factor xiii is found evenly distributed between plasma and platelets. Its function is to stabilise the formation of the fibrin polymer (clot) which culminates the coagulation cascade. ... Chemical name: Blood-coagul …

factor xiii deficiency
A deficiency of blood coagulation factor xiii or fibrin stabilizing factor (fsf) which enables fibrin to form a firm blood clot. Deficiency of this factor produces a clinical haemorrhagic diathesis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

factor, rheumatoid
Rheumatoid factor is an antibody that is measurable in the blood. It is commonly used as a blood test for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid factor is present in about 80% of adults (but a much lower proportion of children) with rheumatoid arthritis. It is also present in patients with other connective tissue diseases (such as system …

factorial
1. Of or pertaining to a factory. ... 2. <mathematics> Related to factorials. ... <mathematics> A name given to the factors of a continued product when the former are derivable from one and the same function F(x) by successively imparting a constant increment or decrement h to the independent variable. Thus the product F(x).F(x + h).F(x + …

factorial experiments
An experimental design in which two or more series of treatments are tried in all combinations. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Factors I XII
<haematology> Blood clotting factors, especially from humans. These factors form a cascade in which the activation of the first factor leads to enzymic attack on the next factor and so on, finally resulting in blood clotting. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

factory
Origin: Cf. F. Factorerie. ... 1. A house or place where factors, or commercial agents, reside, to transact business for their employers. 'The Company's factory at Madras.' ... 2. The body of factors in any place; as, a chaplain to a British factory. ... 3. A building, or collection of buildings, appropriated to the manufacture of goods; the place whe …

facultative
Of parasites, optional. ... Compare: obligate. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

facultative aerobe
<microbiology> An organism which is normally anaerobic but can also grow in the presence or oxygen. ... (15 Nov 1997) ...

facultative anaerobe
<microbiology> A microorganism which can survive without oxygen (is an anaerobe) but is not harmed if oxygen is present. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

facultative heterochromatin
<cell biology> The heterochromatin which is condensed in some cells and not in others, presumably representing stable differences in the activity of genes in different cells. ... The best known example results from the random inactivation of one of the pair of X chromosomes in the cells of female mammals, (Lyonisation). ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

facultative hyperopia
Synonym for manifest hyperopia ... Hyperopia that can be compensated by accommodation. ... Synonym: facultative hyperopia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facultative parasite
An organism that may either lead an independent existence or live as a parasite, in contrast to obligate parasite. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

facultative ponds
Ponds having an aerobic zone on the top and an anaerobic zone on the bottom. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

facultative species
<ecology> Species that can occur both in wetlands and uplands, there are three subcategories of facultative species: ... 1. Facultative wetland plants (FACW) that usually occur in wetlands (estimated probability 67-99%), but occasionally are found in nonwetlands. ... 2. Facultative plants (FAC) that are equally likely to occur in wetlands or no …

faculty
Origin: F. Facult, L. Facultas, fr. Facilis easy (cf. Facul easily), fr. Fecere to make. See Fact, and cf. Facility. ... 1. Ability to act or perform, whether inborn or cultivated; capacity for any natural function; especially, an original mental power or capacity for any of the well-known classes of mental activity; psychical or soul capacity; capa …

faculty, dental
The teaching staff and members of the administrative staff having academic rank in a dental school. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

faculty, medical
The teaching staff and members of the administrative staff having academic rank in a medical school. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

faculty, nursing
The teaching staff and members of the administrative staff having academic rank in a nursing school. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

FAD
<biochemistry> A riboflavin-containing hydrogen acceptor molecule in the Krebs cycle of plant respiration and a coenzyme of some oxidation-reduction enzymes. ... (11 Nov 1997) ...

FAD pyrophosphatase
<enzyme> Hydrolyzes fad to flavin mononucleotide and AMP ... Registry number: EC 3.6.1.18 ... Synonym: flavin-adenine dinucleotide phosphohydrolase, fad phosphohydrolase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

fade
1. To become fade; to grow weak; to lose strength; to decay; to perish gradually; to wither, as a plant. 'The earth mourneth and fadeth away.' (Is. Xxiv. 4) ... 2. To lose freshness, colour, or brightness; to become faint in hue or tint; hence, to be wanting in colour. 'Flowers that never fade.' ... 3. To sink away; to disappear gradually; to grow di …

Faden suture
A suture placed between an ocular rectus muscle and the posterior sclera to limit excessive action of the eyeball. ... Origin: Ger. Faden, thread, twine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fading time
The time required for a constant stimulus applied to a fixed area of the peripheral visual field to stop. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fadrozole
<chemical> 4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroimidazo(1,5-a)pyridin-5-yl)benzonitrile. A selective aromatase inhibitor effective in the treatment of oestrogen-dependent disease including breast cancer. ... Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, hormonal, enzyme inhibitors, oestrogen antagonists. ... Chemical name: Benzonitrile, 4-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroim …

faecal
<gastroenterology> Pertaining to or of the nature of faeces. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

faecal abscess
Synonym for stercoral abscess ... A collection of pus and faeces. ... Synonym: faecal abscess. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

faecal coliform bacteria
<gastroenterology, microbiology> Aerobic bacteria found in the colon or faeces, often used as indicators of faecal contamination of water supplies. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

faecal culture
<investigation, microbiology> A test used to identify pathogenic organisms in the stools that may be responsible for gastroenteritis. Often performed in cases of unexplained diarrhoea. May indicate bacterial, viral or parasitic disease. Cultures are also helpful in assisting the selection an appropriate antibiotic agent. ... See: traveler's di …

faecal fat determination
<investigation> A test that measures the amount of fat in the stool and the percentage of dietary fat that is absorbed. This test is used to evaluate potential fat malabsorption syndromes. Stools are collected for 24 hours. Normal values include less than 7 grams of fat per 24 hours, based on a diet of 100 grams of fat per day for 3 days befo …

faecal fistula
Synonym for intestinal fistula ... Abnormal passage communicating with the intestines. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

faecal impaction
<gastroenterology> A stationary collection of faeces in the distal colon or rectum. A condition more common in the geriatric patient. Enemas and laxatives are not usually effective and often requires manual manipulation. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

faecal incontinence
Failure of voluntary control of the anal sphincters, with involuntary passage of feces and flatus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

faecal occult blood test
<investigation> A chemical test that measures the presence of fresh or decomposed blood. ... Blood may arise from bleeding anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract, from the mouth to the anus. An easy to perform colourmetric test. Occult means hidden. ... (08 Mar 2000) ...

faecal smear
<investigation> A microscopic slide preparation that is used to identify pathogenic micro-organisms within a stool specimen. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

faecal tumour
Synonym for coproma ... An accumulation of inspissated faeces in the colon or rectum giving the appearance of an abdominal tumour. ... Synonym: faecal tumour, fecaloma, scatoma, stercoroma. ... Origin: copro-+ G. -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

faecal vomiting
Vomitus with appearance and/or odour of faeces suggestive of long standing and distal small bowel or colonic obstruction. ... Synonym: copremesis, stercoraceous vomiting. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

faecalith
Synonym: coprolith. ... Origin: L. Faeces, faeces, + G. Lithos, stone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

faecaloid
Resembling faeces. ... Origin: L. Faeces, faeces, + G. Eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

faecaloma
Synonym for coproma ... An accumulation of inspissated faeces in the colon or rectum giving the appearance of an abdominal tumour. ... Synonym: faecal tumour, fecaloma, scatoma, stercoroma. ... Origin: copro-+ G. -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

faecaluria
<surgery> The commingling of faeces with urine passed from the urethra in persons with a fistula connecting the intestinal tract and bladder, often noticed most dramatically by the passage of flatus through the urethra. ... Origin: L. Faeces, faeces, + G. Ouron, urine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

faeces
<gastroenterology> The excrement discharged from the intestines, consisting of bacteria, cells exfoliated from the intestines, secretions, chiefly of the liver and a small amount of food residue. ... Origin: L. Faeces, pl. Of faex = refuse ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Faget, Jean
<person> French physician, 1818-1884. ... See: Faget's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Faget's sign
<clinical sign> A slow pulse with an elevated temperature, often seen in yellow fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fagopyrism
Photosensitization, mainly in cattle and sheep, caused by ingestion of buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and characterised by irritation of the skin, oedema, and a serous exudate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

fahlband
1. <chemical> A stratum in crystalline rock, containing metallic sulphides. ... Origin: G, fr. Fahl dun-coloured + band a band. ... 2. <chemical> Same as Tetrahedrite. ... Origin: G. Fahlerz; fahl dun-coloured, fallow + erz ore. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...

fahlunite
<chemical> A hydration of iolite. ... Origin: From Falhun, a place in Sweden. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...

Fahr, Theodore
<person> German physician, 1877-1945. ... See: Fahr's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fahr's disease
<disease> Progressive calcific deposition in the walls of blood vessels of the basal ganglia, in young to middle-aged persons; occasionally associated with mental retardation and extrapyramidal symptoms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect
The decrease in apparent viscosity that occurs when a suspension, such as blood, is made to flow through a tube of smaller diameter; observed in tubes less than about 0.3 mm in diameter. ... Synonym: sigma effect. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fahraeus, Robert Sanno
<person> Swedish pathologist, 1888-1968. ... See: Fahraeus-Lindqvist effect. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fahrenheit
<unit> A measurement of temperature commonly used in the U.S.A. Normal body temperature is considered to be 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit or 37 degrees Celsius. Body temperature can vary 1/2 to 1 degree Fahrenheit above or below 98.6 f. And still be considered normal. Body temperature varies with many factors including level of activity. ... To conv …

Fahrenheit scale
A thermometer scale in which the freezing point of water is 32°F and the boiling point of water 212°F; 0°F indicates the lowest temperature Fahrenheit could obtain by a mixture of ice and salt in 1724; °C = (5/9)(°F -32). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Fahrenheit, Gabriel
<person> German-Dutch physicist, 1686-1736. ... See: Fahrenheit scale. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

failure
The state of insufficiency or nonperformance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

failure to thrive
<paediatrics> A clinical finding in infants often associated with poor weight gain, malnutrition, poor feeding and a weight for age that is less than the 5th percentile. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

faint
1. Lacking strength; weak; languid; inclined to swoon; as, faint with fatigue, hunger, or thirst. ... 2. Wanting in courage, spirit, or energy; timorous; cowardly; dejected; depressed; as, 'Faint heart ne'er won fair lady.' ... 3. Lacking distinctness; hardly perceptible; striking the senses feebly; not bright, or loud, or sharp, or forcible; weak; a …

fainting
<neurology, physiology> A form of syncope (fainting) that occurs as a part of a normal physiologic response to stress (often emotional stress). The individual becomes lightheaded, nauseated, flushed, feels warm and then may lose consciousness for several seconds. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

fair
1. Free from spots, specks, dirt, or imperfection; unblemished; clean; pure. 'A fair white linen cloth.' (Book of Common Prayer) ... 2. Pleasing to the eye; handsome; beautiful. 'Who can not see many a fair French city, for one fair French made.' (Shak) ... 3. Without a dark hue; light; clear; as, a fair skin. 'The northern people large and fair-comp …

fair-weather
1. Made or done in pleasant weather, or in circumstances involving but little exposure or sacrifice; as, a fair-weather voyage. ... 2. Appearing only when times or circumstances are prosperous; as, a fair-weather friend. Fair-weather sailor, a make-believe or inexperienced sailor; the nautical equivalent of carpet knight. ... Source: Websters Diction …

fairly
1. In a fairmanner; clearly; openly; plainly; fully; distinctly; frankly. 'Even the nature of Mr. Dimmesdale's disease had never fairly been revealed to him.' (Hawthorne) ... 2. Favorably; auspiciously; commodiously; as, a town fairly situated for foreign traade. ... 3. Honestly; properly. 'Such means of comfort or even luxury, as lay fairly within t …

fairy
1. Enchantment; illusion. 'The God of her has made an end, And fro this worlde's fairy Hath taken her into company.' (Gower) ... 2. The country of the fays; land of illusions. 'He [Arthur] is a king y-crowned in Fairy.' (Lydgate) ... 3. An imaginary supernatural being or spirit, supposed to assume a human form (usually diminutive), either male or fem …

faith healing
A treatment utilised since antiquity based upon prayer and a profound belief in divine intervention in human affairs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

falcate
Sickle-shaped. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

falces
Plural of falx. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

falcial
Relating to the falx cerebelli or falx cerebri. ... Synonym: falcine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

falciform
Having a crescentic or sickle shape. ... Synonym: falcate. ... Origin: L. Falx, sickle, + forma, form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

falciform cartilage
Synonym for medial meniscus ... <anatomy> A flat disc-shaped ligament which stabilises and supports the inner aspect of the knee joint. Commonly injured in knee sprains. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

falciform crest
Synonym for transverse crest of internal acoustic meatus ... A horizontal ridge that divides the fundus of the internal acoustic meatus into a superior and an inferior area. In the former are the introitus of the facial canal and openings for the branches of the vestibular nerve to the utricle and to the ampullae of the anterior and lateral semicirc …