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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

ethyldichloroarsine
C2H5AsCl2;a blister agent used in World War I; irritating to the respiratory tract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethylene
<chemical, plant biology> Plant growth substance (phytohormone, plant hormone), involved in promoting growth, epinasty, fruit ripening, senescence and breaking of dormancy. Its action is closely linked with that of auxin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

ethylene chlorohydrin
<chemical> 2-chloroethanol. Used as a solvent, in the manufacture of insecticide, and for treating sweet potatoes before planting. May cause nausea, vomiting, pains in head and chest, stupefaction. Irritates mucous membranes and causes kidney and liver degeneration. ... Chemical name: Ethanol, 2-chloro- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethylene diamine tetra acetate
<chemical> A chemical that is used to remove all traces of magnesium and calcium ions from a solution because it binds tightly to them, in order to control unwanted side reactions with these metals during a laboratory process. ... Acronym: EDTA ... (11 Nov 1997) ...

ethylene dibromide
<chemical> 1,2-dibromoethane. An effective soil fumigant, insecticide, and nematocide. In humans, it causes severe burning of skin and irritation of the eyes and respiratory tract. Prolonged inhalation may cause liver necrosis. It is also used in gasoline. Members of this group have caused liver and lung cancers in rodents. According to the f …

ethylene dichlorides
Toxic, chlorinated, saturated hydrocarbons. Include both the 1,1- and 1,2-dichloro isomers. The latter is considerably more toxic. It has a sweet taste, ethereal odour and has been used as a fumigant and intoxicant among sniffers. Has many household and industrial uses. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethylene glycol
<chemical> A common ingredient in anti-freeze, very toxic to the liver if ingested ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

ethylene glycols
An ethylene compound with two hydroxy groups (-oh) located on adjacent carbons. They are viscous and colourless liquids. Some are used as anaesthetics or hypnotics. However, the class is best known for their use as a coolant or antifreeze. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethylene oxide
<chemical> Chemical name: Oxirane ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethylene tetrachloride
Synonym for tetrachlorethylene ... An anthelmintic against hookworm and other nematodes. ... Synonym: carbon dichloride, ethylene tetrachloride, tetrachloroethylene. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethylenebis(dithiocarbamates)
A class of thiocarbamate derivatives whose salts possess fungicidal activity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethylenediamine
H2N(CH2)2NH2;a volatile colourless liquid of ammoniacal odour and caustic taste; the dihydrochloride is used as a urinary acidifier. ... Synonym: ethanediamine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
(HOOC-CH2)2N(CH2) 2N(CH2-COOH)2;a chelating agent used to remove multivalent cations from solution as chelates, and used in biochemical research to remove Magnesium, Fe2+, etc., from reactions affected by such ions. As the sodium salt, used as a water softener, to stabilise drugs rapidly decomposed in the presence of traces of metal ions, and as an …

ethylenes
Derivatives of ethylene, a simple organic gas of biological origin with many industrial and biological use. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethylenethiourea
<chemical> 2-imidazolidinethione. A degradation product of ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) fungicides. It has been found to be carcinogenic and to cause thyroid hyperplasia. ... Pharmacological action: carcinogens. ... Chemical name: 2-Imidazolidinethione ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethylestrenol
<chemical> 19-nor-17 alpha-pregn-4-en-17-ol. An anabolic steroid with some progestational activity and little androgenic effect. ... Pharmacological action: anabolic steroids. ... Chemical name: 19-Norpregn-4-en-17-ol, (17alpha)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethylidyne
The radical CH3C&equiv;. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethylketocyclazocine
<chemical> 3-(cyclopropylmethyl)-6-ethyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-8-hydroxy-11-methyl-2,6-methano-3-benzazocin-1(2h)-one. A kappa opioid receptor agonist. The compound has analgesic action and shows positive inotropic effects on the electrically stimulated left atrium. It also affects various types of behaviour in mammals such as locomotion, rearin …

ethylmaleimide
<chemical> A sulfhydryl reagent that is widely used in experimental biochemical studies. ... Pharmacological action: enzyme inhibitors, sulfhydryl reagents. ... Chemical name: 1H-Pyrrole-2,5-dione, 1-ethyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethylmercuric chloride
<chemical> A highly toxic compound used as a fungicide for treating seeds. ... Pharmacological action: fungicides, industrial. ... Chemical name: Mercury, chloroethyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethylmercury compounds
<chemical> Organic mercury compounds in which the mercury is attached to an ethyl group. ... Pharmacological action: fungicides, industrial. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethylmorphine
<chemical> A narcotic analgesic and antitussive. It is metabolised in the liver by ethylmorphine-n-demethylase and used as an indicator of liver function. ... Pharmacological action: analgesics, opioid, antitussive agents, narcotics. ... Chemical name: Morphinan-6-ol, 7,8-didehydro-4,5-epoxy-3-ethoxy-17-methyl-, (5alpha,6alpha)- ... (12 Dec 1998 …

ethylmorphine hydrochloride
The ethyl ether of morphine; an antispasmodic, antitussive, and analgesic, used locally as an irritant lymphagogue in chronic catarrhal middle ear disease, atrophic rhinitis, and painful ocular diseases (iritis, corneal ulcer, etc.). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethylmorphine-n-demethylase
<enzyme> A drug-metabolizing enzyme of the hepatic microsomal oxidase system which catalyses the oxidation of the n-methyl group of ethylmorphine with the formation of formaldehyde. ... Registry number: EC 1.5.3.- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethylnitrosourea
<chemical> 1-ethyl-1-nitrosourea. A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties. ... Pharmacological action: alkylating agents, carcinogens, mutagens. ... Chemical name: Urea, N-ethyl-N-nitroso- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethylnorepinephrine
Alpha-(1-Aminopropyl)-3,4-dihydroxybenzyl alcohol;a sympathomimetic, used in asthma; it does not raise the blood pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethylpapaverine hydrochloride
Synonym for ethaverine hydrochloride ... 6,7-diethoxy-1-(3,4-diethoxybenzyl)-isoquinoline hydrochloride;a smooth muscle relaxant. ... Synonym: ethylpapaverine hydrochloride. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethylparaben
Ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate;an antifungal preservative. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethylphenacemide
(2-Phenylbutyryl)urea;an anticonvulsant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethylphenylephrine hydrochloride
Synonym for etilefrine hydrochloride ... A sympathomimetic amine vasopressor agent. ... Synonym: ethylphenylephrine hydrochloride. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethylstibamine
A synthetic organic compound of antimony. ... Synonym: Fourneau 693. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethynodiol
17a-Ethynyl-4-estrene-3b, 17b-diol;a semisynthetic orally effective steroid with biological effects that largely resemble those of progesterone; in addition, it is weakly oestrogenic and androgenic; administered in combination with an oestrogen as an oral contraceptive. ... Ethynodiol diacetate, 3,17-diacetate of ethynodiol;an antifertility agent, u …

ethynodiol diacetate
<chemical> A synthetic progestational hormone used alone or in combination with oestrogens as an oral contraceptive. ... Pharmacological action: contraceptives, oral, synthetic, progestational hormones, synthetic. ... Chemical name: 19-Norpregn-4-en-20-yne-3,17-diol, diacetate, (3beta,17alpha)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethynyl
The monovalent radical HC&equiv;C-. ... Synonym: acetenyl, ethinyl. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethynyl estradiol
17a-ethynyl-1,3,5-estratriene-3,17-diol;a semisynthetic derivative of 17b-estradiol; active by mouth, with a long half-life, it is among the most potent of known oestrogenic compounds; used in oral contraceptive preparations. ... Synonym: ethinyl estradiol. ... Estradiol undecylate, an esterified natural oestrogen for parenteral use. ... Estradiol val …

etidocaine
<chemical> A local anaesthetic with rapid onset and long action, similar to bupivacaine. ... Pharmacological action: anaesthetics, local. ... Chemical name: Butanamide, N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-2-(ethylpropylamino)-, (+-)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

etidronate disodium
<chemical> Disodium 1-hydroxyethylidenediphosphonate. A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits ectopic calcification and slows down bone resorption and bone turnover. ... Chemical name: Phosphonic acid, (1-hydroxyethylidene)bis-, disodium salt ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

etidronic acid
(1-Hydroxyethylidene)bis(phosphonic acid);used as a calcium regulator, usually as the salt etidronate disodium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

etilefrine
<chemical> An adrenergic agonist that appears to interact with beta-2 and some alpha adrenergic receptors. It has been used as a vasoconstrictor agent. ... Pharmacological action: adrenergic alpha-agonists, adrenergic beta-agonists, adrenergic agonists, sympathomimetic, vasoconstrictor agents. ... Chemical name: Benzenemethanol, alpha-((ethylam …

etilefrine hydrochloride
A sympathomimetic amine vasopressor agent. ... Synonym: ethylphenylephrine hydrochloride. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

etimizol
<chemical> 1-ethyl-n,n'-dimethyl-1h-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxamide. Russian drug with adrenergic properties. ... Synonym: aethimazole; ethylnorantifeine. ... Chemical name: 1H-Imidazole-4,5-dicarboxamide, 1-ethyl-N,N'-dimethyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

etio-
1. Prefix used with (for example) cholane to indicate replacement of the C-17 side chain by H; thus, etiocholane is the 5b isomer of androstane. ... 2. Combining form meaning cause. ... Origin: G. Aitia, cause ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

etiocholanolone
<chemical> 3-alpha-hydroxy-5-beta-androstan-17 one. A ketosteroid of mainly human origin; causes fever, immunostimulation and leukocytosis; used to evaluate adrenal cortex function, bone marrow performance and in neoplastic disease for immunostimulation. Synonym: 5-isoandrosterone. ... Chemical name: Androstan-17-one, 3-hydroxy-, (3alpha,5beta …

etiogenic
Of a causal nature. ... Origin: G. Aitia, cause, + genesis, production ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

etiolate
1. To become white or whiter; to be whitened or blanched by excluding the light of the sun, as, plants. ... 2. <medicine> To become pale through disease or absence of light. ... Origin: F. Etioler to blanch. ... 1. To blanch; to bleach; to whiten by depriving of the sun's rays. ... 2. <medicine> To cause to grow pale by disease or absence o …

etiolation
<botany> Growth habit adopted by germinating seedlings in the dark. Involves rapid extension of shoot and/or hypocotyl and suppression of chlorophyll formation and leaf growth. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

etiology
Synonym for aetiology ... <study> A branch of knowledge concerned with the causes of particular phenomena, specifically a branch of medical science concerned with the causes and origins of diseases. ... The study of factors of causation or those associated with the causation of disease or abnormal body states. ... Origin: L. Aetiologia, Gr. Aiti …

etiopathic
Relating to specific lesions concerned with the cause of a disease. ... Origin: G. Aitia, cause, + pathos, disease ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

etiopathology
Consideration of the cause of an abnormal state or finding. ... Origin: G. Aitia, cause, + pathology ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

etioplast
<plant biology> Form of plastid present in plants grown in the dark. Lacks chlorophyll, but contains chlorophyll precursors and can develop into a functional chloroplast in the light. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

etioporphyrin
A porphyrin derivative characterised by the presence on each of the four pyrrole rings of one methyl group and one ethyl group; four isomeric forms are thus possible. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

etioporphyrins
Porphyrins with four methyl and four ethyl side chains attached to the pyrrole rings. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

etiotropic
Directed against the cause; denoting a remedy that attenuates or destroys the causal factor of a disease. ... Origin: G. Aitia, cause, + trope, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

etodolac
<chemical> 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano(3,4-b)indole-1-acetic acid. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent with potent analgesic and antiarthritic properties. It has been shown to be effective in the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and in the alleviation of postoperative pain. ... Pharmacolog …

etofamide
An intraluminal amoebicide similar to teclozan and diloxanide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

etomidate
<chemical> 1-(alpha-methylbenzyl)imidazol-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester. Imidazole derivative anaesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It has been proposed as an induction anaesthetic. ... Pharmacological action: anaesthetics, intravenous, sedatives, nonbarbiturate. ... Chemical name …

etoposide
<drug, oncology> Etoposide is a semisynthetic derivative of podophyllotoxin used in the treatment of certain neoplastic diseases. It may be administered either intravenously or orally. Side effects: Low blood counts and chance of allergic reactions. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

etorphine
<chemical> 6,7,8,14-tetrahydro-7-alpha-(1-hydroxy-1-methylbutyl)-6,14-endo-ethenooripavine. A narcotic analgesic morphinan used as a sedative in veterinary practice. ... Pharmacological action: analgesics, opioid, hypnotics and sedatives, narcotics. ... Chemical name: 6,14-Ethenomorphinan-7-methanol, 4,5-epoxy-3-hydroxy-6-methoxy-alpha,17-dimet …

etozolin
3-Methyl-4-oxo-5-piperidino-d2,alpha-thiazolidineacetic acid ethyl ester;a diuretic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ETP
Synonym for electron transport particles ... <cell biology> Fragments of mitochondria still capable of transporting electrons. ... One of the units occurring on the matrical surface of mitochondrial cristae; the head of the particle which measures about 9 nm, attaches to the membrane of the crista by a stalk 5 nm in length; the particle may be …

etretinate
<chemical> An oral retinoid used in the treatment of keratotic genodermatosis, lichen planus, and psoriasis. Beneficial effects have also been claimed in the prophylaxis of epithelial neoplasia. The compound may be teratogenic. ... Pharmacological action: keratolytic agents. ... Chemical name: 2,4,6,8-Nonatetraenoic acid, 9-(4-methoxy-2,3,6-tri …

ets
<oncogene> A proto-oncogene that causes leukaemias in chickens. ... It is found in E26 transforming retrovirus (v-ets) of chickens and encodes a nuclear protein that can bind DNA and regulates the initiation of transcription from a range of cellular and viral promoter and enhancer elements which may help activate and proliferate T lymphocyte c …

etymemazine
10-(3-dimethylamino-2-methylpropyl)-2-ethylphenothiazine;an antihistaminic. ... Synonym: ethotrimeprazine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

etymology
Origin: L.etymologia, Gr.; etymon + discourse, description: cf. F. Etymologie. See Etymon, and -logy. ... 1. <study> That branch of philological science which treats of the history of words, tracing out their origin, primitive significance, and changes of from and meaning. ... 2. That pert of grammar which relates to the changes in the form of …

Eu
Symbol for europium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eu-
<prefix> A prefix meaning good, well or stable. The opposite of dys-, caco-. ... Origin: G. ... (21 Jun 2000) ...

euallele
<genetics> Genes having different nucleotide substitutions at the same position. ... Compare: heteroalleles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacteria
<organism> A major subdivision of the prokaryotes (includes all except Archaebacteria. most gram-positive bacteria, cyanobacteria, mycoplasmas, enterobacteria, pseudomonads and chloroplasts are Eubacteria. The cytoplasmic membrane contains ester linked lipids, there is peptidoglycan in the cell wall (if present) and no introns have been disco …

Eubacteriales
An obsolete name for an order of bacteria which contained simple, undifferentiated, rigid cells which were either spheres or straight rods. It contained motile (peritrichous) and nonmotile, Gram-negative and Gram-positive, and sporeforming and nonsporeforming species. The order contained 13 families: Achromobacteriaceae, Azotobacteriaceae, Bacillac …

eubacterium
<bacteria> A genus of gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria found in cavities of man and animals, animal and plant products, infections of soft tissue, and soil. Some species may be pathogenic. No endospores are produced. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Eubacterium aerofaciens
<bacteria> A species infrequently found in human intestines; pathogenic for mice. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium biforme
<bacteria> A species that occurs infrequently in human intestines; pathogenic for rabbits but not for mice. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium combesi
<bacteria> A species from forest soil found in an area then called French West Africa; it is not pathogenic for guinea pigs or mice. Formerly called Cillobacterium combesi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium contortum
<bacteria> A species found in cases of putrid, gangrenous appendicitis and in the intestines. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium crispatum
<bacteria> Former name for Lactobacillus crispatus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium disciformans
<bacteria> A species found in cases of fetid suppurations in empyema, pulmonary gangrene, liver abscess, and dermatosis; occurs commonly in the respiratory system, the liver, and the skin; pathogenic for man, rabbits, guinea pigs, and mice. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium ethylicum
A species found in a case of gastritis; occurs infrequently in the human stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium filamentosum
Former name for Clostridium ramosum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium lentum
A species occurring commonly in the faeces of normal persons. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium limosum
A species that occurs in human faeces and presumably in the faeces of other warm-blooded animals. The type species of the genus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium minutum
A species that occurs infrequently in the intestines of breast-fed infants; it was originally found in a case of infant diarrhoea; it is pathogenic for mice. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium moniliforme
A species found rarely in the human respiratory system; it is pathogenic for guinea pigs, causing death in eight days. Formerly called Cillobacterium moniliforme. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium multiforme
A species isolated from the faeces of a dog and from soil from equatorial Africa; it is not pathogenic for guinea pigs. Formerly called Cillobacterium multiforme. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium niosii
A species that occurs in the respiratory tract; pathogenic for rabbits and guinea pigs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium parvum
A species found in the large intestine of a horse and in a case of acute appendicitis; it occurs infrequently in the intestines of foals and of humans, and is not pathogenic for laboratory animals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium plauti
Synonym for Fusobacterium plauti ... A species found in the buccal cavity; also found in cultures of Entamoeba histolytica. ... Synonym: Eubacterium plauti. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium poeciloides
A species infrequently found in human intestines; originally found in a case of intestinal occlusion; it is pathogenic for guinea pigs and rabbits. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium pseudotortuosum
A species found in a case of purulent, acute appendicitis; occurs uncommonly in the intestines. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium quartum
A species found in cases of infantile diarrhoea; occurs in the intestines of children, but is rather uncommon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium quintum
A species found in cases of infantile diarrhoea; pathogenic for guinea pigs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium rectale
A species found in association with a rectal ulcer; occurs in the rectum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium tenue
A species isolated from dog faeces; its pathogenicity is unknown; formerly called Cillobacterium tenue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eubacterium tortuosum
A species found infrequently in the intestines of humans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eubiotics
The science of hygienic living. ... Origin: eu-+ G. Biotikos, relating to life ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eubolism
An obsolete word for normal body metabolism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eucaine
Beta-Eucaine; 2,2,6-trimethyl-4-piperidinol benzoate;a local anaesthetic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eucalyptus
<botany> A myrtaceous genus of trees, mostly Australian. Many of them grow to an immense height, one or two species exceeding the height even of the California Sequoia. ... They have rigid, entire leaves with one edge turned toward the zenith. most of them secrete resinous gums, whence they called gum trees, and their timber is of great value. …

eucalyptus gum
A dried gummy exudation from Eucalyptus rostrata and other species of Eucalyptus (family Myrtaceae); used as an astringent (in gargles and troches) and as an antidiarrhoeal agent. ... Synonym: red gum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eucalyptus oil
The volatile oil distilled with steam from the fresh leaf of Eucalyptus globulus or some other species of Eucalyptus; contains not less than 70% of eucalyptol; used as an antiseptic and expectorant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eucapnia
A state in which the arterial carbon dioxide pressure is optimal. ... See: normocapnia. ... Origin: eu-+ G. Kapnos, vapor ... (05 Mar 2000) ...