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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


equine monocytic ehrlichiosis
<veterinary> A febrile disease of horses in North America caused by Ehrlichia risticii and characterised by anorexia, leukopenia, and occasional diarrhoea. ... Synonym: Potomac horse fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equine nonthrombocytopenic purpura
<veterinary> An immune-mediated vasculitis of horses due to immune complex deposition, characteristically as a sequela of strangles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equine rhinopneumonitis
<veterinary> A mild respiratory disease of horses, caused by equine herpesvirus 4, a member of the Herpesviridae, and characterised by fever, serous rhinitis, and leukopenia, sometimes resulting in abortion in mares. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equine rhinopneumonitis virus
<virology> A herpesvirus reported in the U.S. Europe, and South Africa, causing equine rhinopneumonitis and equine virus abortion. ... Synonym: equine abortion virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equine rhinoviruses
<virology> An obsolete name for viruses that cause inapparent as well as mild to relatively severe upper respiratory tract disease in the United States and Europe; most prevalent in breeding stables, and associated with high morbidity but negligible mortality; all equine isolates are related serologically to the original isolate. ... (05 Mar 2 …

equine serum hepatitis
<veterinary> An acute hepatic disease of the horse, often associated with prior administration of biological products; neurologic signs and jaundice are usually prominent signs; aetiology is unknown. ... Synonym: Theiler's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equine spinal ataxia
A disease of young horses characterised by progressive weakness and incoordination, most evident in the hind legs; it is associated with lesions in the cervical region of the spinal cord and is the result of compression of the spinal cord by malformed cervical vertebrae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equine syphilis
Synonym for dourine ... A disease of horses and donkeys caused by trypanosoma equiperdum. The disease occurs in africa, the americas, and asia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

equine typhoid
Synonym for equine viral arteritis ... A highly contagious viral disease caused by equine arteritis virus, member of the family Togaviridae, and characterised by a high fever and respiratory and digestive tract signs; the essential lesions involve smaller arteries, with necrosis which may be followed by thrombosis, infarction, haemorrhages, and oede …

equine viral arteritis
A highly contagious viral disease caused by equine arteritis virus, member of the family Togaviridae, and characterised by a high fever and respiratory and digestive tract signs; the essential lesions involve smaller arteries, with necrosis which may be followed by thrombosis, infarction, haemorrhages, and oedema; abortion is a common result. ... Sy …

equine virus abortion
A highly contagious abortion of mares, caused by equine rhinopneumonitis virus, a member of the family Herpesviridae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equinoctial
1. Pertaining to an equinox, or the equinoxes, or to the time of equal day and night; as, the equinoctial line. ... 2. Pertaining to the regions or climate of the equinoctial line or equator; in or near that line; as, equinoctial heat; an equinoctial sun. ... 3. Pertaining to the time when the sun enters the equinoctial points; as, an equinoctial gal …

equinovalgus
Synonym for talipes equinovalgus ... Talipes equinus and talipes valgus combined; the foot is plantarflexed, everted, and abducted. ... See: clubfoot. ... Synonym: equinovalgus, pes equinovalgus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equinovarus
Synonym for talipes equinovarus ... The most common congenital abnormality of the foot. Clubfoot may occur in several forms, but talipes equinovarus is the most common. In this case the foot turns downward and inward. Treatment involves the extended use of orthopaedic splints or casts to correct the position of the foot. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

equinus deformity
Plantar declination of the foot. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

equiphasic complex
Synonym for isodiphasic complex ... A diphasic complex whose positive and negative deflections are approximately equal. ... Synonym: equiphasic complex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equipment and supplies
Expendable and nonexpendable equipment, supplies, apparatus, and instruments that are used in diagnostic, surgical, therapeutic, scientific, and experimental procedures. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

equipment and supplies, hospital
Any materials used in providing care specifically in the hospital. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

equipment contamination
The presence of an infectious agent on instruments, prostheses, or other inanimate articles. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

equipment failure
Failure of equipment to perform up to standards. The failure may be due to defects or improper use. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

equipment failure analysis
Determination of reliability and maintainability of equipment. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

equipment reuse
Further or repeated use of equipment, instruments, devices, or materials. It includes additional use regardless of the original intent of the producer as to disposability or durability. It does not include the repeated use of fluids or solutions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

equipment safety
Freedom of equipment from actual or potential hazards. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

equisetosis
A toxicosis in horses caused by eating horsetail (Equisetum arvense, a weed). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equisetum
Origin: L, the horsetail, fr. Equus horse + seta a thick, stiff hair, bristle. ... <botany> A genus of vascular, cryptogamic, herbaceous plants; also called horsetails. ... The Equiseta have hollow jointed stems and no true leaves. The cuticle often contains siliceous granules, so that one species (E. Hyemale) is used for scouring and polishing …

equitant
<botany> Of leaves, folded in half along the midline so that the adaxial surface disappears, and overlapping the edges of a similarly folded leaf on the opposite side of the stem. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

equitoxic
Of equivalent toxicity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equivalence
<biochemistry, chemistry, immunology> The situation where two interacting species are present in concentrations just sufficient to produce occupation of all binding sites. Only used to describe high avidity interactions, especially the antibody/antigen interaction. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

equivalence point
Synonym for equivalence zone ... In a precipitin reaction, the zone in which neither antibody nor antigen is in excess. ... See: precipitation. ... Synonym: equivalence point. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equivalence zone
In a precipitin reaction, the zone in which neither antibody nor antigen is in excess. ... See: precipitation. ... Synonym: equivalence point. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equivalent
Having the same value, neutralising or counterbalancing. ... Origin: L. Aequivalens, from aequus = equal, valere = to be worth ... (11 Nov 1997) ...

equivalent dose
In radiation protection, the absorbed dose averaged over a tissue or organ and weighted for the quality of the radiation of interest. The unit of equivalent dose is the sievert. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equivalent extract
A fluidextract of the same strength, weight for weight, as the original drug. ... Synonym: valoid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equivalent focal length
<microscopy> The focal length of the simple lens that has the same power as the compound lens. The stated focal lengths of microscope objectives are the equivalent focal length since their front and back focal lengths are very different. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

equivalent form reliability
In psychology, the consistency of measurement based on the correlation between scores on two similar forms of the same test taken by the same individual. ... See: reliability coefficient. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equivalent temperature
The temperature of a thermally uniform enclosure in which, under still air conditions, a 'sizable' black body loses heat at the same rate as in the nonuniform environment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equivalent weight
Synonym for gram equivalent ... The weight in grams of an element that combines with or replaces 1 gram of hydrogen, the atomic or molecular weight in grams of an atom or group of atoms involved in a chemical reaction divided by the number of electrons donated, taken up, or shared by the atom or group of atoms in the course of that reaction, the wei …

equivocal
1. (Literally, called equally one thing or the other; hence:) Having two significations equally applicable; capable of double interpretation; of doubtful meaning; ambiguous; uncertain; as, equivocal words; an equivocal sentence. 'For the beauties of Shakespeare are not of so dim or equivocal a nature as to be visible only to learned eyes.' (Jeffrey …

equivocal symptom
A symptom that points definitely to no special disease, being associated with any one of a number of morbid states, or whose presence is uncertain or indefinite. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

equivocate
To use words of equivocal or doubtful signification; to express one's opinions in terms which admit of different senses, with intent to deceive; to use ambiguous expressions with a view to mislead; as, to equivocate is the work of duplicity. 'All that Garnet had to say for him was that he supposed he meant to equivocate.' (Bp. Stillingfleet) ... Syn …

ER
Oestrogen Receptor status of tumourous tissue, which may be positive or negative. ... The implications of hormonal receptor status of the tissue are twofold (1) if ER positive, i.e. Sensitive to the hormone, it may respond better to hormone treatments than ER negative tissue. (2) the ER positive tissue generally is slower-growing. ... (16 Dec 1997)
ER-60 protease
<enzyme> Has been sequenced; amino acid sequence is similar to that of phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase c-alpha; degrades endoplasmic reticulum proteins of rats; inhibited by acidic phospholipids including phosphoinositides ... Registry number: EC 3.4.22.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

ERA
<abbreviation> Evoked response audiometry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

erabutoxins
Toxins isolated from the venom of laticauda semifasciata, a sea snake (hydrophid); immunogenic, basic polypeptides of 62 amino acids, folded by four disulfide bonds, block neuromuscular end-plates irreversibly, thus causing paralysis and severe muscle damage; they are similar to elapid neurotoxins. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

eradicate
1. To pluck up by the roots; to root up; as, an oak tree eradicated. ... 2. To root out; to destroy utterly; to extirpate; as, to eradicate diseases, or errors. 'This, although now an old an inveterate evil, might be eradicated by vigorous treatment.' (Southey) ... Synonym: To extirpate, root out, exterminate, destroy, annihilate. ... Origin: L. Eradi …

eradication
Referring to disease, the termination of all transmission of infection by extermination of the infectious agent through surveillance and containment; global eradication has been achieved for smallpox, regional eradication for malaria and perhaps in some places for measles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eranko, Eino
<person> Finnish anatomist, *1924. ... See: Eranko's fluorescence stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Eranko's fluorescence stain
<technique> Exposure of frozen sections to formaldehyde which produces a strong yellow-green fluorescence from cells containing norepinephrine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

erasion
An obsolete term for the scraping away of tissue, especially of bone. ... Origin: L. E-rado, pp. E-rasum, to scrape away ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

erastian
One of the followers of Thomas Erastus, a German physician and theologian of the 16th century. He held that the punishment of all offenses should be referred to the civil power, and that holy communion was open to all. In the present day, an Erastian is one who would see the church placed entirely under the control of the State. ... Source: Websters …

erb
<oncogene> Two oncogenes, erb A and erb B, associated with the avian erythroblastosis virus (an acute transforming retrovirus). ... The cellular homologue of erb B is the structural gene for the cell surface receptor for epidermal growth factor and of erb A a steroid hormone receptor. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Erb atrophy
Synonym for progressive muscular dystrophy ... A form of progressive muscular atrophy in which the disease begins in the muscle and not in the spinal centres. ... Synonym: Erb atrophy, idiopathic muscular atrophy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Erb disease
Synonym for progressive bulbar paralysis ... Progressive weakness and atrophy of the muscles of the tongue, lips, palate, pharynx, and larynx, usually occurring in later life; most often caused by motor neuron disease. ... Synonym: bulbar palsy, bulbar paralysis, Duchenne's disease, Erb disease, glossolabiolaryngeal paralysis, glossolabiopharyngeal p …

Erb palsy
A type of brachial birth palsy in which there is paralysis of the muscles of the upper arm and shoulder girdle (deltoid, biceps, brachialis, and brachioradialis muscles) due to a lesion of the upper trunk of the brachial plexus or of the roots of the fifth and sixth cervical roots. ... Synonym: Duchenne-Erb paralysis, Erb paralysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) …

Erb paralysis
Synonym for Erb palsy ... A type of brachial birth palsy in which there is paralysis of the muscles of the upper arm and shoulder girdle (deltoid, biceps, brachialis, and brachioradialis muscles) due to a lesion of the upper trunk of the brachial plexus or of the roots of the fifth and sixth cervical roots. ... Synonym: Duchenne-Erb paralysis, Erb pa …

Erb sign
<clinical sign> Increased electric excitability of the muscles to the galvanic current, and frequently to the faradic, in tetany. ... Synonym: Erb-Westphal sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Erb spinal paralysis
Chronic myelitis of syphilitic origin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Erb-Charcot disease
Synonym for spastic diplegia ... A type of cerebral palsy in which there is bilateral spasticity, with the lower extremities more severely affected. ... Compare: flaccid paralysis. ... Synonym: Erb-Charcot disease, infantile diplegia, Little's disease, spastic spinal paralysis, tabes spasmodica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Erb-Westphal sign
<clinical sign> Abolition of the patellar tendon reflex, in tabes and certain other diseases of the spinal cord, and occasionally also in brain disease. ... Synonym: Erb sign, Westphal's phenomenon, Westphal's sign, Westphal-Erb sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ERBF
<abbreviation> Effective renal blood flow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

erbium
<chemistry, element> A rare metallic element associated with several other rare elements in the mineral gadolinite from Ytterby in Sweden. Its salts are rose-coloured and give characteristic spectra. Its sesquioxide is called erbia. ... Atomic weight: 165.9 ... Abbreviation: Er ... Origin: NL. From Ytterby, in Sweden, where gadolinite is found. …

ercalcidiol
Synonym for 25-hydroxyergocalciferol ... A biologically active and major circulatory metabolite of vitamin D2. ... Synonym: ercalcidiol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ercalciol
Synonym for ergocalciferol ... <hormone> The vitamin produced by the body when exposed to UV light. Plays important role in calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Deficiency is known as rickets. ... Symptoms include soft (weak) and bendable bones, stunted growth, bow legs, chest deformities and knock-knees. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

ercalcitriol
Synonym for 1,25-dihydroxyergocalciferol ... A biologically active metabolite of vitamin D2. ... Synonym: ercalcitriol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ERCP
Synonym for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ... <investigation, procedure> A diagnostic-therapeutic procedure that involves the X-ray of the pancreatic duct and biliary tree after the selective introduction of a contrast material into the common bile duct and pancreatic duct. ... In this procedure, a flexible endoscope is passed …

Erdheim
Jakob, Austrian physician, 1874-1937. ... See: Erdheim disease, Erdheim tumour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Erdheim disease
Synonym for cystic medial necrosis ... Loss of elastic and muscle fibres in the aortic media, with accumulation of mucopolysaccharide, sometimes in cystlike spaces between the fibres; a disease of unknown cause, which may be inherited and which predisposes to dissecting aneurysms. ... Synonym: Erdheim disease, medionecrosis aortae idiopathica cystica …

Erdheim tumour
Synonym for craniopharyngioma ... <oncology, tumour> A form of primary brain tumour which develops in the pituitary gland. ... These tumours often secrete increased quantities of pituitary hormones (for example growth hormone) which can result in conditions such as gigantism and acromegaly. They are often benign and rare and comprise less than …

erdheim-chester disease
<radiology> Rare lipidosis, age: 50-70y, long bones invariably affected in the diaphysis and metaphysis with: patchy or diffuse increase in density, coarsened trabecular pattern, medullary sclerosis, cortical thickening ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Erdmann
Hugo, German chemist, 1862-1910. ... See: Erdmann's reagent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Erdmann's reagent
A mixture of sulfuric and nitric acids, used in testing alkaloids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

erect
1. Upright, or having a vertical position; not inverted; not leaning or bent; not prone; as, to stand erect. 'Two of far nobler shape, erect and tall.' (Milton) 'Among the Greek colonies and churches of Asia, Philadelphia is still erect a column of ruins.' (Gibbon) ... 2. Directed upward; raised; uplifted. 'His piercing eyes, erect, appear to view S …

erect illumination
Synonym for direct illumination ... An illumination in which the rays of light are directed downward, almost perpendicularly onto the upper surface of the object, which reflects the rays upward into the optical system. ... Synonym: erect illumination, vertical illumination. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

erectile dysfunction
A consistent inability to sustain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse. Also commonaly known as impotence. Medically, the term erectile dysfunction is used to differentiate impotence from other problems that interfere with sexual intercourse (such as lack of sexual desire and problems with ejaculation and orgasm). Impotence usually has a p …

erectile tissue
A tissue with numerous vascular spaces that may become engorged with blood. ... Synonym: cavernous tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

erection
The condition of being made rigid and elevated, as erectile tissue when filled with blood. ... Origin: L. Erectio ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

erection, penile
When the penis fills with blood and is rigid. The penis contains two chambers, called the corpora cavernosa, which run the length of the organ, are filled with spongy tissue, and surrounded by a membrane, called the tunica albuginea. The spongy tissue contains smooth muscles, fibrous tissues, spaces, veins, and arteries. The urethra, which is the c …

erector muscle of spine
Synonym for erector spinae muscles ... Origin, from sacrum, ilium, and spines of lumbar vertebrae; it divides into three columns, iliocostalis musculus, longissimus musculus, and spinalis musculus, which insert into ribs and vertebrae with additional muscle slips joining the columns at successively higher levels; action, extends vertebral column; ne …

erector muscles of hairs
Synonym for arrector pili muscles ... Bundles of smooth muscle fibres, attached to the deep part of the hair follicles, passing outward alongside the sebaceous glands to the papillary layer of the corium; they act to pull the hairs erect, causing 'goose bumps' or 'goose flesh' (cutis anserina). ... Synonym: musculi arrectores pilorum, arrectores pilo …

erector spinae muscles
Origin, from sacrum, ilium, and spines of lumbar vertebrae; it divides into three columns, iliocostalis musculus, longissimus musculus, and spinalis musculus, which insert into ribs and vertebrae with additional muscle slips joining the columns at successively higher levels; action, extends vertebral column; nerve supply, dorsal primary rami of spi …

erector-spinal reflex
A contraction of part of the erector spinae muscle following scratching of the skin on its outer border. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eremean
Pertaining to regions of low, irregular rainfall. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

eremitical
Of or pertaining to an eremite; hermitical; living in solitude. ... (06 Mar 1998) ...

eremophilia
Morbid desire to be alone. ... Origin: G. Eraemia, solitude, + philos, fond ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

eremophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear of deserted places or of solitude. ... Origin: G. Eraemia, solitude, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

erethismic
Erethisticerethitic ... Excited; marked by or causing erethism; irritable. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

erethistic shock
Traumatic or toxic delirium following shock. ... Synonym: delirious shock. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ereuthophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear of blushing. ... Origin: G. Ereuthos, blushing, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

erg
<unit> A measurement unit for energy. It is equal to 2.4 x 10-8 gram calories or 0.624 x 1012 electronvolts, or the amount of work done by a force of one dyne acting on a distance of one centimetre. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ergasia
1. Any form of activity, especially mental. ... 2. The total of functions and reactions of an individual. ... Origin: G. Work ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ergasiomania
<psychiatry> Morbid or obsessive need to work. ... Origin: G. Ergasia, work, + mania, insanity ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ergasiophobia
<psychology> Aversion to work of any kind. ... Origin: G. Ergasia, work, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ergasthenia
Rarely used term for debility or any morbid symptoms due to overexertion. ... Origin: G. Ergasia, work, + astheneia, weakness, disease ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ergastic substance
Metabolically inert products of photosynthesis, such as starch grains and fat globules. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

ergastoplasm
Synonym: granular endoplasmic reticulum. ... Origin: G. Ergaster, a workman, + plasma, something formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ergine
Synonym for lysergic acid amide ... A psychotomimetic agent present in Rivea corymbosa and Ipomoea tricolor; possesses less hallucinogenic potency than does lysergic acid diethylamide. ... Synonym: ergine, lysergamide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ergo-
Work. ... Origin: G. Ergon ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ergobasine
Synonym for ergonovine ... <chemical> A water soluble alkaloid, from ergot or produced synthetically. It is used as an oxytoxic and to relieve migraine headache. ... Pharmacological action: oxytocics. ... Chemical name: Ergoline-8-carboxamide, 9,10-didehydro-N-(2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-6-methyl-, (8beta(S))- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ergocalciferol
<hormone> The vitamin produced by the body when exposed to UV light. Plays important role in calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Deficiency is known as rickets. ... Symptoms include soft (weak) and bendable bones, stunted growth, bow legs, chest deformities and knock-knees. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

ergocalciferols
Vitamin d2 analogs or derivatives. The compounds are used chiefly as oral antirachitic vitamins. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...