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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


ether test
An obsolete test to determine arm-to-lung circulation time; diluted ether is injected intravenously and the end point taken when the subject coughs or tastes ether or the observer smells ether on the subject's breath. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ether, ethyl
<chemical> 1,1'-oxybisethane. A mobile, very volatile, highly flammable liquid used as an inhalation anaesthetic and as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, and gums. It is mildly irritating to skin and mucous membranes. ... Pharmacological action: anaesthetics, inhalation, solvents. ... Chemical name: Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis- ... ( …

ethereal
1. Pertaining to the hypothetical upper, purer air, or to the higher regions beyond the earth or beyond the atmosphere; celestial; as, ethereal space; ethereal regions. 'Go, heavenly guest, ethereal messenger.' (Milton) ... 2. Consisting of ether; hence, exceedingly light or airy; tenuous; spiritlike; characterised by extreme delicacy, as form, mann …

ethereal oil
Synonym for volatile oil ... A substance of oily consistency and feel, derived from a plant and containing the principles to which the odour and taste of the plant are due (essential oil); in contrast to a fatty oil, a volatile oil evaporates when exposed to the air and thus is capable of distillation; it may also be obtained by expression or extrac …

ethereal solution
A solution of any substance in ether. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethereal tincture
A class of preparations consisting of 10% percolations of drugs in a menstruum of ether 1 and alcohol 2. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethers, cyclic
Compounds of the general formula r-o-r arranged in a ring or crown formation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethiazide
Aethiazidum; 6-chloro-3-ethyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine-7-sulfonamide 1,1-dioxide;a diuretic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethical
Relating to ethics; in conformity with the rules governing personal and professional conduct. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethics
The philosophy or code pertaining to what is ideal in human character and conduct. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethics committees
Committees whose purpose may be to direct educational programs; to provide forums for discussion of ethical issues among hospital or medical professionals and others; to serve in an advisory capacity and/or as a resource to health professionals involved in biomedical decision making; or to review and evaluate institutional experiences related to de …

ethics, dental
The principles of proper professional conduct concerning the rights and duties of the dentist himself, his patients, and his fellow practitioners, as well as his actions in the care of patients and in relations with their families. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethics, institutional
The moral and ethical obligations or responsibilities of institutions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethics, medical
The principles of proper professional conduct concerning the rights and duties of the physician himself, his patients, and his fellow practitioners, as well as his actions in the care of patients and in relations with their families. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethics, nursing
The principles of proper professional conduct concerning the rights and duties of nurses themselves, their patients, and their fellow practitioners, as well as their actions in the care of patients and in relations with their families. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethics, pharmacy
The principles of proper professional conduct concerning the rights and duties of the pharmacist himself, the patient, and his fellow practitioners. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethics, professional
The principles of professional conduct concerning the rights and duties of the professional person himself and of his fellow professionals. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethidium
<chemical> A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the …

ethidium bromide
<chemical, molecular biology> A dye that intercalates into DNA and to some extent RNA. ... Intercalation into linear DNA is easier than into circular DNA and the addition of ethidium bromide to DNA prior to ultracentrifugation on a caesium chloride gradient is much used to separate nuclear and mitochondrial or plasmid DNA for analytical purpos …

ethinamate
1-Ethynylcyclohexyl carbamate;a mild central nervous system depressant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethindrone
Synonym for ethisterone ... <chemical> 17 alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one. A synthetic steroid hormone with progestational effects. ... Pharmacological action: progestational hormones, synthetic. ... Chemical name: Pregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one, 17-hydroxy-, (17alpha)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethinyl
Synonym: ethynyl. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethinyl estradiol
<chemical> (17 alpha)-19-norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-20-yne-3,17-diol. A semisynthetic oestrogen with high oral oestrogenic potency. It is often used as the oestrogenic component in oral contraceptives. ... Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, hormonal, oestrogens, synthetic. ... Chemical name: 19-Norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-20-yne-3,17-di …

ethinyl trichloride
Synonym for trichloroethylene ... <chemical> A highly volatile inhalation anaesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anaesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment. ... Pharm …

ethinylestrenol
Synonym for lynestrenol ... <chemical> (17 alpha)-19-norpregn-4-en-20-yn-17-ol. A synthetic progestational hormone used often in mixtures with oestrogens as an oral contraceptive. ... Pharmacological action: contraceptives, oral, synthetic, progestational hormones, synthetic. ... Chemical name: 19-Norpregn-4-en-20-yn-17-ol, (17alpha)- ... (12 Dec …

ethiodised oil
<chemical> Ethyl ester of iodinated fatty acid of poppyseed oil. It contains 37% organically bound iodine and has been used as a diagnostic aid (radiopaque medium) and as an antineoplastic agent when part of the iodine is 131-I. ... Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, contrast media. ... Chemical name: Ethiodised Oil ... (12 Dec 1998)< …

ethionamide
<chemical> A second-line antitubercular agent that inhibits mycolic acid synthesis. It also may be used for treatment of leprosy. ... Pharmacological action: antitubercular agents, leprostatic agents. ... Chemical name: 4-Pyridinecarbothioamide, 2-ethyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethionine
<chemical> 2-amino-4-(ethylthio)butyric acid. An antimetabolite and methionine antagonist that interferes with amino acid incorporation into proteins and with cellular ATP utilization. It also produces liver neoplasms. ... Pharmacological action: antimetabolites, carcinogens. ... Chemical name: L-Homocysteine, S-ethyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethiopia
An independent state in eastern africa, east of sudan and bounded on the north by the red sea. Its capital is addis ababa. It is an ancient country, being, from early times, under the sway of the ancient egyptians, jews, christians, and moslems. In modern times it has been governed by italy, great britain, france. It gained independence in 1941. In …

ethiops
<chemistry> A black substance; formerly applied to various preparations of a black or very dark colour. ... <chemistry> Alternative forms: aethiops] Ethiops martial, mercury in finely divided state, having the appearance of a dark powder, obtained by shaking it up or by exposure to the air. ... Origin: NL. See Ethiop. ... Source: Websters …

ethisterone
<chemical> 17 alpha-hydroxypregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one. A synthetic steroid hormone with progestational effects. ... Pharmacological action: progestational hormones, synthetic. ... Chemical name: Pregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one, 17-hydroxy-, (17alpha)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethmo-
Combining form denoting:1. Ethmoid. ... 2. The ethmoid bone. ... Origin: G. Ethmos, sieve ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmocranial
Relating to the ethmoid bone and the cranium as a whole. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmofrontal
Relating to the ethmoid and the frontal bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoid air cells
The numerous small air-filled cells of the ethmoidal labyrinth. ... See: anterior ethmoidal air cells, middle ethmoidal air cells, posterior ethmoidal air cells. ... Synonym: cellulae ethmoidales, sinus ethmoidales, ethmoidal cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoid angle
The angle made by the plane of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone extended to meet the basicranial axis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoid bone
An irregularly shaped bone lying between the orbital plates of the frontal and anterior to the sphenoid bone; it consists of two lateral masses of thin plates enclosing air cells, attached above to a perforated horizontal lamina, the cribriform plate, from which descends a median vertical or perpendicular plate in the interval between the two later …

ethmoid infundibulum
Synonym for ethmoidal infundibulum ... A passage from the middle meatus of the nose communicating with the anterior ethmoidal cells and frontal sinus. ... Synonym: infundibulum ethmoidale, ethmoid infundibulum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoid sinus
Numerous small thin-walled spaces or air cells in the ethmoid bone, where they form an ethmoidal labyrinth. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethmoid sinusitis
Inflammation of the ethmoid sinus. It may present itself as an acute (associated with viral rhinitis) or chronic (associated with allergic or hyperplastic sinusitis) condition. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethmoidal
<anatomy> Like a sieve; cribriform. ... Pertaining to, or in the region of, the ethmoid bone. ... <anatomy> Ethmoid bone, a bone of complicated structure through which the olfactory nerves pass out of the cranium and over which they are largely distributed. ... Origin: Gr. Like a sieve; sieve + from: cf. F. Ethmoide, ethmoidal. ... Source: …

ethmoidal bulla
A bulging of the inner wall of the ethmoidal labyrinth in the middle meatus of the nose, just below the middle nasal concha; it is regarded as a rudimentary concha. ... Synonym: bulla ethmoidalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoidal cells
Synonym for ethmoid air cells ... The numerous small air-filled cells of the ethmoidal labyrinth. ... See: anterior ethmoidal air cells, middle ethmoidal air cells, posterior ethmoidal air cells. ... Synonym: cellulae ethmoidales, sinus ethmoidales, ethmoidal cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoidal crest
Bony ridge which articulates with, or provides attachment for, any part of the ethmoid bone, especially the middle nasal concha. ... See: ethmoidal crest of maxilla, ethmoidal crest of palatine bone. ... Synonym: crista ethmoidalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoidal crest of maxilla
A ridge on the upper part of the nasal surface of the frontal process of the maxilla that gives attachment to the anterior portion of the middle nasal concha. ... Synonym: crista ethmoidalis maxillae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoidal crest of palatine bone
A ridge on the medial surface of the perpendicular part of the palatine bone to which the middle nasal concha attaches posteriorly. ... Synonym: crista ethmoidalis ossis palatini. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoidal groove
A groove on the inner surface of each nasal bone, lodging the external nasal branch of the anterior ethmoid nerve. ... Synonym: sulcus ethmoidalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoidal infundibulum
A passage from the middle meatus of the nose communicating with the anterior ethmoidal cells and frontal sinus. ... Synonym: infundibulum ethmoidale, ethmoid infundibulum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoidal labyrinth
A mass of air cells with thin bony walls forming part of the lateral wall of the nasal cavity; the cells are arranged in three groups, anterior, middle, and posterior, and are closed laterally by the orbital plate which forms part of the wall of the orbit. ... Synonym: labyrinthus ethmoidalis, ectethmoid, ectoethmoid, lateral mass of ethmoid bone.
ethmoidal notch
An oblong gap between the orbital parts of the frontal bone in which the ethmoid bone is lodged. ... Synonym: incisura ethmoidalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoidal process
A projection of the inferior concha, situated behind the lacrimal process and articulating with the uncinate process of the ethmoid. ... Synonym: processus ethmoidalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoidal veins
Veins that accompany the anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries and pass into the superior ophthalmic vein; they drain the ethmoidal sinuses. ... Synonym: venae ethmoidales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoidal-lacrimal fistula
A fistulous communication between the lacrimal sac and the ethmoidal sinus. ... Synonym: internal lacrimal fistula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoidale
A cephalometric point in the anterior cranial fossa located at the lowest sagittal point of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoidectomy
<procedure> Removal of all or part of the mucosal lining and bony partitions between the ethmoid sinuses. ... Origin: ethmo-+ G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoiditis
<pathology> Inflammation of the ethmoid sinuses that may occur secondary to an allergy or an infection by a virus or bacteria. ... Symptoms include runny nose, congestion and pain between the eyes. Antibiotics are necessary treatment in cases of bacterial infection. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

ethmoidolacrimal suture
The line of union of the orbital plate of the ethmoid and the posterior margin of the lacrimal bone. ... Synonym: sutura ethmoidolacrimalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoidomaxillary suture
Line of apposition of the orbital surface of the body of the maxilla with the orbital plate of the ethmoid bone. ... Synonym: sutura ethmoidomaxillaris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmolacrimal
Relating to the ethmoid and the lacrimal bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmomaxillary
Relating to the ethmoid and the maxillary bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmonasal
Relating to the ethmoid and the nasal bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmopalatal
Relating to the ethmoid and the palate bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmosphenoid
Relating to the ethmoid and sphenoid bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmoturbinals
The conchae of the ethmoid bone; the superior and middle conchae; occasionally a third, the supreme concha, exists. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethmovomerine plate
The central portion of the ethmoid bone, forming a distinct element at birth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethnic group
A social group characterised by a distinctive social and cultural tradition maintained from generation to generation, a common history and origin and a sense of identification with the group; members of the group have distinctive features in their way of life, shared experiences and often a common genetic heritage; these features may be reflected i …

ethnic groups
A group of people with a common cultural heritage that sets them apart from others in a variety of social relationships. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethnobotany
The plant lore and agricultural customs of a people. In the field of medicine, the emphasis is on traditional medicine and the existence and medicinal uses of plants and their constituents, both historically and in modern times. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethnocentrism
The tendency to evaluate other groups according to the values and standards of one's own ethnic group, especially with the conviction that one's own ethnic group is superior to the other groups. ... Origin: G. Ethnos, race, tribe, + kentron, centre of a circle ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethnopharmacology
The study of differences in response to drugs based on varied ethnicity; pharmacogenetics. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethnopsychology
Comparative psychology of races and peoples. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethoglucid
<chemical> 1,2:15,16-diepopxy-4,7,10,13-tetraoxahexadecane. Alkylating antineoplastic agent used especially in bladder neoplasms. It is toxic to hair follicles, gastro-intestinal tract, and vasculature. ... Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, alkylating. ... Chemical name: Oxirane, 2,2'-(2,5,8,11-tetraoxadodecane-1,12-diyl)bis- ... (12 …

ethoheptazine citrate
Ethyl hexahydro-1-methyl-4-phenylazepinecarboxylate citrate;an analgesic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethohexadiol
2-Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol; octylene glycol;used as an insect repellent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethomoxane
2-(butylaminomethyl)-8-ethoxy-1,4-benzodioxan;an antianxiety agent. ... Synonym: ethoxybutamoxane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethopabate
<chemical> 4-acetamido-2-ethoxybenzoic acid methyl ester. Inhibitor of folate metabolism; used as a coccidiostat in poultry. ... Pharmacological action: coccidiostats. ... Chemical name: Benzoic acid, 4-(acetylamino)-2-ethoxy-, methyl ester ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethopharmacology
The study of drug effects on behaviour, relying on observation and description of species-specific elements (acts and postures during social encounters). ... Origin: G. Ethos, character, habit, + pharmacology ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethopropazine hydrochloride
10-(2-diethylaminopropyl)-phenothiazine hydrochloride;an anticholinergic agent with some antihistaminic and ganglionic blocking activity. ... Synonym: profenamine hydrochloride. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethosuximide
<drug> This prescription drug is used to treat petit mal epilepsy. It can cause a wide range of adverse side effects and may cause some mental or physical impairment. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

ethotoin
3-Ethyl-5-phenylhydantoin;an anticonvulsant used in the treatment of generalised tonic clonic epilepsy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethotrimeprazine
Synonym for etymemazine ... 10-(3-dimethylamino-2-methylpropyl)-2-ethylphenothiazine;an antihistaminic. ... Synonym: ethotrimeprazine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethoxazene hydrochloride
4-[(p-Ethoxyphenyl)azo]-m-phenylened iamine monohydrochloride;an azo compound. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethoxy
The monovalent radical, CH3CH2O-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethoxybutamoxane
Synonym for ethomoxane ... 2-(butylaminomethyl)-8-ethoxy-1,4-benzodioxan;an antianxiety agent. ... Synonym: ethoxybutamoxane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethoxyquin
<chemical> 6-ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline. Antioxidant; also a post-harvest dip to prevent scald on apples and pears. ... Synonym: santoquin; stop-scald. ... Chemical name: Quinoline, 6-ethoxy-1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethoxyzolamide
6-Ethoxy-2-benzothiazolesulfonamide;a diuretic related chemically and pharmacologically to acetazolamide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethoxzolamide
<chemical> 6-ethoxy-2-benzothiazolesulfonamide. A carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used as diuretic and in glaucoma. It may cause hypokalaemia. ... Pharmacological action: carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, diuretics. ... Chemical name: 2-Benzothiazolesulfonamide, 6-ethoxy- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethyl alcohol
<chemical, drug> Grain alcohol, made from sugar, starch and other carbohydrates by fermentation, has sedative properties ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

ethyl aminobenzoate
Synonym for benzocaine ... <chemical> 4-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester. A surface anaesthetic that acts by preventing transmission of impulses along nerve fibres and at nerve endings. It is comparatively non-irritating and has low systemic toxicity. ... Pharmacological action: anaesthetics, local. ... Chemical name: Benzoic acid, 4-amino-, ethyl …

ethyl biscoumacetate
<chemical> A courmarin that is used as an anticoagulant. It has actions similar to those of warfarin. ... Pharmacological action: anticoagulant. ... Chemical name: 2H-1-Benzopyran-3-acetic acid, 4-hydroxy-alpha-(4-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-1-benzopyran-3-yl)-2-oxo-, ethyl ester ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethyl carbamate
Synonym for urethan ... Urethane ... NH2COOC2H5;has antimitotic activity; formerly used medically as a hypnotic, but now more often used as an anaesthetic for laboratory animals. ... Synonym: ethyl carbamate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethyl chloride
<chemical> A gas that condenses under slight pressure. Because of its low boiling point ethyl chloride sprayed on skin produces an intense cold by evaporation. Cold blocks nerve conduction. Ethyl chloride has been used in surgery but is primarily used to relieve local pain in sports medicine. ... Pharmacological action: anaesthetics, local. …

ethyl eosin
See: ethyl eosin. ... Synonym: alcohol-soluble eosin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethyl ether
Synonym for diethyl ether ... CH3CH2OCH2CH3;a flammable, volatile organic solvent used in extraction procedures; formerly widely used as an inhalation anaesthetic; shortcomings include: irritating vapor, slow onset and prolonged recovery phase, explosion hazard. ... Synonym: ethyl ether, ethyl oxide, sulfuric ether. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethyl green
Synonym for brilliant green ... The sulfate of di-(p-diethylamino)-triphenyl carbinolanhydride. An indicator dye that changes from yellow to green at pH 0.0 to 2.6; also used as a topical antiseptic and as a selective bacteriostatic agent in culture media. ... Synonym: ethyl green. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethyl methanesulfonate
<chemical> Methanesulfonic acid, ethyl ester. An antineoplastic agent with alkylating properties. It also acts as a mutagen by damaging DNA and is used experimentally for that effect. ... Pharmacological action: antineoplastic agent, alkylating, mutagens. ... Chemical name: Methanesulfonic acid, ethyl ester ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

ethyl oxide
Synonym for diethyl ether ... CH3CH2OCH2CH3;a flammable, volatile organic solvent used in extraction procedures; formerly widely used as an inhalation anaesthetic; shortcomings include: irritating vapor, slow onset and prolonged recovery phase, explosion hazard. ... Synonym: ethyl ether, ethyl oxide, sulfuric ether. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethyl salicylate
The salicylic acid ester of ethyl alcohol, with the same action as methyl salicylate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethylbenztropine
3-Diphenylmethoxy-8-ethyl-1aH,5aH-nortropane;an anticholinergic agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

ethylcellulose
An ethyl ether of cellulose, used as a tablet binder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...