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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

epilepsy, myoclonic
A progressive encephalopathy characterised by myoclonic jerks (single or repetitive muscle contractions involving one body part or the entire body), mental retardation, and ataxia. The disease, an autosomal recessive form of epilepsy, occurs usually at puberty. The most significant pathological findings are lafora's inclusion bodies, which contain …

epilepsy, partial
Epileptic seizures that originate at a specific location or focal point in the cortex of the brain and either remain localised or may generalise. These seizures occur without the loss of consciousness of the individual. The specific clinical symptoms depend on the area of the cortex involved. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epilepsy, posttraumatic
Epileptic seizures occurring as the result of trauma such as a gunshot wound or other injury to the brain. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epilepsy, rolandic
A benign, autosomal, dominant form of epilepsy occurring in children characterised clinically by arrest of speech, by muscular contractions of the side of the face and arm and electroencephalographically by high voltage spikes followed by slow waves in the rolandic area leads. Named for luigi rolando, an italian anatomist (1773-1831). ... (12 Dec 19 …

epilepsy, temporal lobe
Epileptic seizures characterised by simple partial seizures, complex partial seizures, and secondary generalised seizures, or combinations of these. Seizures may present with autonomic and/or psychic symptoms and certain sensory phenomena such as olfactory and auditory. most common is an epigastric rising sensation. Some seizures may begin with mot …

epilepsy, tonic-clonic
Primary generalised epileptic seizures, starting without warning, characterised by loss of consciousness, tonic contraction of muscles, loss of postural control, and production of a cry by the forced expiration of air due to contraction of the respiratory muscles. The individual then falls to the floor and remains rigid for a few seconds, after whi …

epileptic dementia
Dementia occurring in an individual afflicted with epilepsy, and thought to be a result of prolonged seizures, the epileptogenic brain lesion, or antiepileptic drugs. ... Hebephrenic dementia, dementia with hebephrenic symptoms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epileptic seizure
A seizure that is caused by epilepsy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epileptiform neuralgia
Synonym for trigeminal neuralgia ... <neurology> A disorder of trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) dysfunction. ... Synonym: tic douloureux. ... Characterised by excruciating paroxysms of pain in the lips, gums, cheek or chin, and, very rarely, in the distribution of the eye (ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

epileptogenic
Causing epilepsy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epileptogenic zone
A cortical region which on stimulation reproduces the patient's spontaneous seizure or aura. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiligrin
<cell biology> Major glycoprotein of epidermal basement membrane, consisting of three disulphide bonded subunits of 170, 145 and 135 kD. Epiligrin is the major ligand for _3/_1 integrin, is particularly prominent in the lamina lucida of the skin and is absent in patients with lethal junctional epidermolysis bullosa. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

epilithic
Living on rocks or other stony matter. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

epiloia
Synonym: tuberous sclerosis. ... Origin: term coined by Sherloc (1911) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epimandibular
Upon the lower jaw. ... Origin: epi-+ L. Mandibulum, mandible ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epimastical
Increasing steadily until an acme is reached, then declining; said of a fever. ... Origin: G. Epakmastikos, coming to a height ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epimastical fever
A fever increasing steadily until its acme is reached, then declining by crisis or lysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epimastigote
Term replacing 'crithidial stage,' to avoid confusion with the insect-parasitizing flagellates of the genus Crithidia. In the epimastigote stage the flagellum arises from the kinetoplast alongside the nucleus and emerges from the anterior end of the organism; an undulating membrane is present. ... Origin: epi-+ G. Mastix, whip ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epimenorrhagia
Prolonged and profuse menstruation occurring at any time, but most frequently at the beginning and end of menstrual life. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epimenorrhoea
Too frequent menstruation, occurring at any time, but particularly at the beginning and end of menstrual life. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epimer
<biochemistry> Diastereomeric monosaccharides that have opposite configurations of a hydroxyl group at only one position, for example D glucose and D mannose. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

epimerase
<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the reversible conversion of an epimer into its counterpart form. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

epimerase deficiency galactosaemia
An inborn error in metabolism in which there is a deficiency of uridine diphosphate galactose 4-epimerase; galactose 1-phosphate accumulates. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epimerite
The hooklike anchoring structure at the anterior end of a cephaline gregarine sporozoan; it is left embedded in tissues when the rest of the cephalont is freed in the lumen of the intestine of the invertebrate host. ... Origin: epi-+ G. Meros, part ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epimestrol
<chemical> 3-methoxy-estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-16 alpha,17 alpha-diol. A synthetic steroid with oestrogenic activity. ... Pharmacological action: oestrogens, synthetic. ... Chemical name: Estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-16,17-diol, 3-methoxy-, (16alpha,17alpha)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epimicroscope
<instrument> A microscope with a condenser built around the objective; used for the investigation of opaque, or only slightly translucent, minute specimens. ... Synonym: opaque microscope. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epimorphosis
<cell biology> Pattern of regeneration in which proliferation precedes the development of a new part. Opposite of morphallaxis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

epimyoepithelial islands
Proliferation of salivary gland ductal epithelium and myoepithelium. Characteristic of benign lymphoepithelial lesions and Sjogren's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epimysiotomy
<procedure> Incision of the sheath of a muscle. ... Origin: epimysium + G. Tome, a cutting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epimysium
The fibrous connective tissue envelope surrounding a skeletal muscle. ... Synonym: perimysium externum. ... Origin: epi-+ G. Mys, muscle ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epinasty
<botany> Asymmetrical growth of a leaf or stem that causes curvature of the structure. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

epinemin
<cell biology> Intermediate filament associated protein (44.5 kD monomer) associated with vimentin in nonneural cells. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

epinephrine
<drug> A cardiac drug used for cardiac arrest from ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, asystole, or pulseless electrical activity; extreme hypotension; bradycardia and heart block. ... Pharmacologic action: 1. Beneficial mainly due to alpha stimulation - increases systemic vascular resistance and improves coronary and cerebral b …

epinephrine cyclase
<enzyme> Epinephrine is converted to adrenochrome ... Registry number: EC 1.10.3.- ... Synonym: catecholamine cyclase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

epinephrine reversal
The fall in blood pressure produced by epinephrine when given following blockage of alpha-adrenergic receptors by an appropriate drug such as phenoxybenzamine; the vasodilation reflects the ability of epinephrine to activate beta-adrenergic receptors which, in vascular smooth muscle, are inhibitory; in the absence of alpha-receptor blockade, the be …

epinephros
Synonym: suprarenal gland. ... Origin: epi-+ G. Nephros, kidney ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epineurial
Relating to the epineurium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epinosic
Relating to epinosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epinosis
An imaginary feeling of illness following a real illness. ... Origin: epi-+ G. Nosos, disease ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epionychium
Synonym for eponychium ... 1. The thin, condensed, eleidin-rich layer of epidermis which procedes and initially covers the nail plate in the embryo. It normally degenerates by the eighth month except at the nail base where it remains as the cuticle of the nail. ... 2. The corneal layer of epidermis overlapping and in direct contact with the nail root …

epiotic centre
The centre of ossification of the petrous part of the temporal bone that appears posterior to the posterior semicircular canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

EpiP serine protease
<enzyme> From staphylococcus epidermidis; epip is the processing enzyme that cleaves mature epidermin from its leader peptide ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- ... Synonym: serine protease epip ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

epipapillary membrane
A congenital membrane covering the optic disk, the glial remnants of Bergmeister's papilla. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epipastic
1. Usable as a dusting powder. ... 2. A dusting powder. ... Origin: G. Epi-passo, to sprinkle over ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epipericardial
Upon or about the pericardium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epipericardial ridge
An elevation separating the developing pharyngeal region from the embryonic pericardium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiperipheral
<physiology> Connected with, or having its origin upon, the external surface of the body; especially applied to the feelings which originate at the extremities of nerves distributed on the outer surface, as the sensation produced by touching an object with the finger; opposed to entoperipheral. ... Origin: Pref. Epi- + peripheral. ... Source: W …

epipetalous
Borne on the petals. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

epiphany
1. An appearance, or a becoming manifest. 'Whom but just before they beheld transfigured and in a glorious epiphany upon the mount.' (Jer. Taylor) 'An epic poet, if ever such a difficult birth should make its epiphany in Paris.' (De Quincey) ... 2. A church festival celebrated on the 6th of January, the twelfth day after Christmas, in commemoration …

epiphenomenon
A symptom appearing during the course of a disease, not of usual occurrence, and not necessarily associated with the disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiphragm
<marine biology> A membranaceous or calcareous septum with which some mollusks close the aperture of the shell during the time of hibernation, or aestivation. ... Origin: Gr. A covering, lid, fr. To block up. ... (19 Mar 1998) ...

epiphrenic
Epiphrenal ... Upon or above the diaphragm. ... Origin: epi-+ G. Phren, diaphragm ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiphrenic diverticulum
A diverticulum which originates just above the cardioesophageal junction and usually protrudes to the right side of the lower meadiastinum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiphyllous
Growing on leaves, for example applied to vegetatively propagated plantlets in some members of the family Crassulaceae. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

epiphyseal
<anatomy> Pertaining to or of the nature of an epiphysis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

epiphyseal fracture
Separation of the epiphysis of a long bone, caused by trauma. ... See: Salter-Harris classification of epiphysial plate injuries. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiphyses
A part of a long bone where growth bone growth occurs from. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

epiphysial arrest
Early and premature fusion between epiphysis and diaphysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiphysial aseptic necrosis
Aseptic necrosis of bony epiphyses, probably due to ischemia; it may affect the upper end of the femur (Legg-Calve-Perthes disease), the tibial tubercle (Osgood-Schlatter disease), the tarsal navicular bone or the patella (Kohler's disease), the second metatarsal head (Freiberg's disease), vertebral bodies (Scheuermann's disease), or the capitellum …

epiphysial cartilage
Synonym for epiphysial plate ... The disc of cartilage between the metaphysis and the epiphysis of an immature long bone permitting growth in length. ... Synonym: cartilago epiphysialis, epiphysial cartilage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiphysial eye
Synonym for pineal eye ... A non-image-forming, photoreceptive eye in or near the median line in certain crustacea and lower vertebrates; homologue of pineal gland in higher forms. ... Synonym: epiphysial eye, parietal eye. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiphysial line
The line of junction of the epiphysis and diaphysis of a long bone where growth in length occurs. ... Synonym: linea epiphysialis, synchondrosis epiphyseos. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiphysial plate
The disc of cartilage between the metaphysis and the epiphysis of an immature long bone permitting growth in length. ... Synonym: cartilago epiphysialis, epiphysial cartilage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiphysiodesis
1. Premature union of the epiphysis with the diaphysis, resulting in cessation of growth. ... 2. An operative procedure that partially or totally destroys an epiphysis and may incorporate a bone graft to produce fusion of the epiphysis or premature cessation of its growth; generally undertaken to equalise leg length. ... Origin: epiphysis + G. Desis, …

epiphysiolysis
1. Loosening or separation, either partial or complete, of an epiphysis from the shaft of a bone. ... 2. Arrest of growth by ablation of the growth plate cartilage. ... Origin: epiphysis + G. Lysis, loosening ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiphysiopathy
Any disorder of an epiphysis of the long bones. ... Origin: epiphysis + G. Pathos, suffering ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiphysis
A part of a long bone where growth bone growth occurs from. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

epiphysis cerebri
Synonym for pineal body ... A small conical midline body attached to the posterior part of the third ventricle and lying between the superior colliculi, below the splenium of the corpus callosum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epiphysitis
Inflammation of an epiphysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiphyte
A plant growing on, but not parasitic on, another plant (often loosely applied to plants, such as orchids, that grow on vertical rock faces). ... Compare: parasite, saprophyte. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

epiphytotic
A virulent, widespread disease in a plant population. Often called anepidemic. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

epipial
On the pia mater. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiplo-
Omentum. ... See: omento-. ... Origin: G. Epiploon ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiplocele
Rarely used term for hernia of the omentum. ... Origin: epiplo-+ G. Kele, hernia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiploic appendage
Synonym for appendix epiploica ... A finger-like projection of fat attached to the colon. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epiploic appendix
Synonym for appendix epiploica ... A finger-like projection of fat attached to the colon. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epiploic branches
Branches to the greater omentum; epiploic branches arise from the left and right gastroepiploic arteries (rami omentales arteriae gastro-omentalis sinistrae et dextrae ) opposite the gastric branches (rami gastrici ) along the greater curvature of the stomach. ... Synonym: rami omentales, omental branches, rami epiploicae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiploic foramen
The passage, below and behind the portal hepatis, connecting the two sacs of the peritoneum; it is bounded anteriorly by the hepatoduodenal ligament and posteriorly by a peritoneal fold over the inferior vena cava. ... Synonym: foramen omentale, foramen epiploicum, aditus ad saccum peritonei minorem, Duverney's foramen, Winslow's foramen. ... (05 Mar …

epiploic tags
Synonym for appendix epiploica ... A finger-like projection of fat attached to the colon. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epiplopexy
An obsolete synonym of omentopexy. ... Origin: epiplo-+ G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epipteric bone
A sutural bone occasionally present at the pterion or junction of the parietal, frontal, greater wing of the sphenoid, and squamous portion of the temporal bone's. ... Synonym: Flower's bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epipygus
Unequal conjoined twins in which the smaller, incomplete parasite is attached to the buttock of the larger autosite. ... See: pygomelus, conjoined twins. ... Origin: epi-+ G. Pyge, buttocks ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epiretinal membrane
A membrane on the vitreal surface of the retina resulting from the proliferation of one or more of three retinal elements: (1) fibrous astrocytes; (2) fibrocytes; and (3) retinal pigment epithelial cells. Localised epiretinal membranes may occur at the posterior pole of the eye without clinical signs or may cause marked loss of vision as a result o …

epirizole
<chemical> 4-methoxy-2-(5-methoxy-3-methylpyrazol-1-yl)-6-methylpyrimidine. A pyrimidinyl pyrazole with antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activity. ... Pharmacological action: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. ... Chemical name: Pyrimidine, 4-methoxy-2-(5-methoxy-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-6-methyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epirubicin
<chemical> An anthracycline antibiotic which is the 4'-epi-isomer of doxorubicin. The compound exerts its antitumour effects by interference with the synthesis and function of DNA. Clinical studies indicate activity in breast cancer, non-hodgkin's lymphomas, ovarian cancer, soft-tissue sarcomas, pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer, small-cell l …

episclera
The connective tissue between the sclera and the conjunctiva. ... Origin: epi-+ sclera ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

episcleral
1. Upon the sclera. ... 2. Relating to the episclera. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

episcleral artery
<anatomy, artery> One of many small branches of the anterior ciliary arteries that arise as they perforate the sclera near the corneoscleral junction, and course on the sclera. ... Synonym: arteria episcleralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

episcleral lamina
The delicate moveable layer of loose connective tissue between the external surface of the sclera and the fascial sheath of the eyeball. ... Synonym: lamina episcleralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

episcleral space
The space between the fascial sheath of the eyeball and the sclera. ... Synonym: spatium episclerale, interfascial space, spatium interfasciale, spatium intervaginale bulbi oculi, Tenon's space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

episcleral veins
A series of small venules in the sclera close to the corneal margin that empty into the anterior ciliary veins. ... Synonym: venae episclerales. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

episcleritis
<pathology> Inflammation of the thin membrane which coats the sclera (white of the eye). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

episcleritis multinodularis
Episcleritis with numerous nodules near the corneoscleral limbus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

episcleritis periodica fugax
Diffuse transient episcleritis, with a tendency to recur at regular intervals. ... Synonym: subconjunctivitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

episialin
<cell biology> Heavily glycosylated membrane glycoprotein. Encoded by the MUC 1 gene, has a molecular weight of around 300 kD, more than half of which is O linked glycan. There is a 69 residue cytoplasmic domain and the extracellular domain may extend hundreds of nanometres beyond the plasma membrane, the increased expression in carcinoma cel …

episio-
The vulva. ... See: vulvo-. ... Origin: G. Episeion, pubic region ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

episioperineorrhaphy
Repair of an incised or a ruptured perineum and lacerated vulva or repair of a surgical incision of the vulva and perineum. ... Origin: episio-+ G. Perinaion, perineum, + rhaphe, a stitching ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

episioplasty
Plastic surgery of the vulva. ... Origin: episio-+ G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

episiorrhaphy
Repair of a lacerated vulva or an episiotomy. ... Origin: episio-+ G. Rhaphe, a stitching ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

episiostenosis
Narrowing of the vulvar orifice. ... Origin: episio-+ G. Stenosis, narrowing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...