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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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eosin BThe disodium salt of 4',5'-dibromo-2',7'-dinitrofluorescein. ... Synonym: acid red 91, eosin I bluish. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosin I bluishSynonym for eosin B ... The disodium salt of 4',5'-dibromo-2',7'-dinitrofluorescein. ... Synonym: acid red 91, eosin I bluish. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosin yEosin Ys, the disodium salt of 2',4',5',7'-tetrabromofluorescein. ... Synonym: acid red 87, eosin yellowish. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosin yellowishSynonym for eosin y ... Eosin Ys, the disodium salt of 2',4',5',7'-tetrabromofluorescein. ... Synonym: acid red 87, eosin yellowish. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosin-methylene blue agarAgar composed of peptone, lactose, and sucrose and containing eosin and methylene blue, used to distinguish between lactose-fermenting and non-lactose-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria. ... Synonym: EMB agar. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosine I bluish<chemical> 4',5'-dibromo-3',6'-dihydroxy-3',7'-dinitrospiro(isobenzofuran-1(3h),9'-(9h)xanthen)-3-one disodium salt. A red fluorescein dye used as a histologic stain. It may be cytotoxic, mutagenic, and inhibit certain mitochondrial functions. ... Pharmacological action: fluorescent dyes. ... Chemical name: Spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xant …
eosine yellowish-(ys)<chemical> A versatile red dye used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, etc., and as tissue stain, vital stain, and counterstain with haematoxylin. It is also used in special culture media. ... Pharmacological action: fluorescent dyes. ... Chemical name: Spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one, 2',4',5',7'-tetrabromo-3',6'-dihydrox …
eosinocyteSynonym for eosinophilic leukocyte ... A polymorphonuclear leukocyte characterised by many large or prominent, refractile, cytoplasmic granules that are fairly uniform in size and bright yellow-red or orange when treated with Wright's or similar stains; the nuclei are usually larger than those of neutrophils, do not stain as deeply, and characterist …
eosinopeniaThe presence of eosinophils in an abnormally small number in the peripheral bloodstream. ... Synonym: hypoeosinophilia. ... Origin: eosino(phil) + G. Penia, poverty ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosinopenic reactionReduction in the numbers of circulating eosinophils by ACTH or by adrenal corticoids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosinophilPolymorphonuclear leucocyte (granulocyte) of the myeloid series, of which the granules stain red with eosin. Phagocytic, particularly associated with helminth infections and with hypersensitivity. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
eosinophil adenomaSynonym for acidophil adenoma ... <endocrinology, oncology, tumour> A benign tumour, usually found in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland, whose cells stain with acid dyes. ... Such pituitary tumours may give rise to excessive secretion of growth hormone, resulting in gigantism or acromegaly. A specific type of acidophil adenoma may give r …
eosinophil cationic protein<protein> Arginine rich protein (21 kD) in granules of eosinophils, that damages schistosomula in vitro. Not the same as the MBP (major basic protein) of the granules. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
eosinophil chemotactic peptide<protein> Tetrapeptides (of which two are identified: VGSE and AGSE) released by mast cells and that are said to both attract and activate eosinophils. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
eosinophil countA measurement (cells per microlitre) of the number of eosinophils in a blood specimen. This measurement, also called the absolute eosinophil count, is useful in the evaluation of autoimmune disease, allergies, eczema, leukaemia, asthma and hay fever. Normal absolute eosinophil counts are less than 350 cells/mcl (microlitre). ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
eosinophil granuleA granule that stains with eosin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosinophil peroxidase<enzyme> Peroxidase from eosinophil granules distinct from myeloperoxidase; claimed to enhance destruction of fungi, bacteria, schistosomula, toxoplasma, trypanosoma, mast cells, tumour cells in presence of exogenous h2o2 and halide ... Registry number: EC 1.11.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
eosinophilia<haematology> The formation and accumulation of an abnormally large number of eosinophils in the blood. ... Origin: Gr. Philein = to love ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome<syndrome> A complex systemic syndrome with inflammatory and autoimmune components that affect the skin, fascia, muscle, nerve, blood vessels, lung, and heart. The varied symptoms include severe muscle pain and abnormally high numbers of eosinophils. This disease has presented itself only in people taking the amino acid l-tryptophan and it is …
eosinophilicStaining readily with eosin dyes; denoting such cell or tissue elements. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosinophilic cellulitisSynonym for Wells' syndrome ... <syndrome> Recurrent cellulitis followed by brawny edematous skin lesions, or a less acute presentation of papular, annular, or gyrate skin lesions which are sometimes urticarial; affected skin and subcutis are heavily infiltrated by eosinophils and histiocytes, with scattered small necrotic foci (flame figures) …
eosinophilic cystitisBladder inflammation with many eosinophils in urinary sediment as well as bladder wall. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosinophilic endomyocardial diseaseA restrictive cardiomyopathy associated with hyperproduction of eosinophiles and their cardiac infiltration, clinically characterised by diastolic and later systolic ventricular failure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosinophilic fasciitis<pathology> A syndrome which is characterised by inflammation of the fascia and muscles of the extremities. Infiltrations of eosinophils are found in affected muscle tissue and fascia. The cause is unknown. ... Symptoms include tenderness and swelling of arms and legs, joint contractures, bone apins, muscle aches and muscle weakness. Some may …
eosinophilic gastritisSynonym for eosinophilic gastroenteritis ... <radiology> Eosinophilic infiltration of mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis of small bowel with or without stomach, stomach (almost always limited to antrum): enlarged gastric rugae, cobblestone nodules, polyps (=mucosal type), rigid wall with narrowed antrum/pylorus, bulky inramural mass up to 9 cm …
eosinophilic gastroenteritis<radiology> Eosinophilic infiltration of mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis of small bowel with or without stomach, stomach (almost always limited to antrum): enlarged gastric rugae, cobblestone nodules, polyps (=mucosal type), rigid wall with narrowed antrum/pylorus, bulky inramural mass up to 9 cm (=muscular type), wet stomach, ulcers rare, …
eosinophilic granuloma<oncology, tumour> An immunologic disorder of unknown cause where there is proliferation of histiocytes (a type of cell in the immune system) in the bloodstream. The disorder is characterised by inflammation of the bronchioles and small pulmonary vessels that leads to fibrosis and destruction of alveolar cell walls. Cigarette smoking is consi …
eosinophilic leukaemiaEosinophilocytic leukaemia, a form of granulocytic leukaemia in which there are conspicuous numbers of eosinophilic granulocytes in the tissues and circulating blood, or in which such cells are predominant; in chronic disease of this type, the total white blood cell count may be as high as 200,000 to 250,000 per cu mm, with as many as 80 or 90% bei …
eosinophilic leukocyteA polymorphonuclear leukocyte characterised by many large or prominent, refractile, cytoplasmic granules that are fairly uniform in size and bright yellow-red or orange when treated with Wright's or similar stains; the nuclei are usually larger than those of neutrophils, do not stain as deeply, and characteristically have two lobes (a third lobe is …
eosinophilic leukocytosisA form of relative leukocytosis in which the greatest proportionate increase is in the eosinophils. ... Synonym: eosinophilia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosinophilic leukopeniaA decrease in the number of eosinophilic granulocytes normally present in the circulating blood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosinophilic lung disease<radiology> Idiopathic: Loeffler pneumonia, chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, hypereosinophilic syndrome, specific: drugs (e.g., nitrofurantoin), parasites, fungi (ABPA, bronchocentric granulomatosis), vasculitis / granulomatosis: Wegener's granulomatosis, polyarteritis nodosa, sarcoidal angiitis ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
eosinophilic meningitisSynonym for angiostrongylosis ... Infection of animals and man with nematodes of the genus Angiostrongylus. ... Synonym: eosinophilic meningitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosinophilic meningoencephalitisA disease caused by infection with the rat lungworm, Angiostrongylus cantonensis, whose larvae, ingested with infected slugs or land snails (or some unidentified transport host), migrate from intestine to the meninges of the brain where the disease is produced; it is usually mild, of short duration, and characterised by fever, eosinophilia, and whi …
eosinophilic pneumoniaA self-limiting inflammation in the lungs where there is associated infiltration of eosinophils into lung tissue. Chest X-ray reveals pulmonary infiltrates and full blood count (CBC) shows increased numbers of eosinophils. The cause is unknown and the disease often resolves without treatment. Some forms may be treated with oral corticosteroids. Com …
eosinophilic pneumonopathySynonym for eosinophilic pneumonia ... A self-limiting inflammation in the lungs where there is associated infiltration of eosinophils into lung tissue. Chest X-ray reveals pulmonary infiltrates and full blood count (CBC) shows increased numbers of eosinophils. The cause is unknown and the disease often resolves without treatment. Some forms may be …
eosinophilic pustular folliculitisA dermatosis characterised by sterile pruritic papules and pustules that coalesce to form plaques with papulovesicular borders; spontaneous exacerbations and remissions may be accompanied by peripheral leukocytosis, eosinophilia, or both, and may result in eventual destruction of hair follicles and formation of eosinophilic abscesses. The disease h …
eosinophillic folliculitis<pathology> An inflammatory reaction around hair follicles, characterised by very itchy papules that may grow together to form plaques. The cause of this condition in people with AIDS has yet to be established, although the condition obviously involves invasion of the follicles by eosinophils. Partially successful treatment has been reported …
eosinophilopoetin<protein> Small (1500D) peptide, possibly released by T lymphocytes, that regulates eosinophil development in the bone marrow. Probably interleukin-5. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
eosinophilsA type of polymorphonuclear leukocyte containing eosin-staining granules. Although the activity of eosinophils is not entirely clear, they are known to destroy parasitic organisms and play a major role in allergic reactions. They also secrete chemical mediators that can cause bronchoconstriction in asthma. Eosinophils make up one to three percent o …
eosinophiluriaPresence of eosinophils in the urine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosinotacticExerting a force of attraction or repulsion on eosinophile cells. ... Origin: eosino(phile) + G. Taktikos, in orderly arrangement ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosinotaxisMovement of eosinophils with reference to a stimulus which attracts or repels them. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eosophobia<psychology> Morbid dread of the dawn. ... Origin: G. Eos, dawn, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
EP<abbreviation> Endogenous pyrogens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ep toxicityA test defined by the federal Environmental Protection Agency to check a substance for the presence of arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, selenium, or silver. 40 CFR 261.24 defines the concentrations constituting hazardous waste and the test procedure. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
epactalSynonym: supernumerary. ... Origin: G. Epaktos, imported, fr. Epago, to bring on or in ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
epactal bonesSynonym for sutural bones ... Small irregular bones found along the sutures of the cranium, particularly related to the parietal bone. ... Synonym: ossa suturarum, Andernach's ossicles, epactal bones, epactal ossicles, wormian bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
epactal ossiclesSynonym for sutural bones ... Small irregular bones found along the sutures of the cranium, particularly related to the parietal bone. ... Synonym: ossa suturarum, Andernach's ossicles, epactal bones, epactal ossicles, wormian bones. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
epamnioticUpon or above the amnion. ... Origin: G. Epi, upon, + amnion ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
epamniotic cavityA developmental cavity that exists in some mammals and is derived by division of the proamniotic space; it is further removed from the embryo than the amniotic cavity in some mammals. ... Synonym: ectoplacental cavity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eparsalgiaPain and soreness from overuse or unaccustomed use of a part, as a joint or muscle. ... Synonym: epersalgia. ... Origin: G. Epairo, to lift up, + algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eparterial bronchusRight superior lobe bronchus which passes above the right pulmonary artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
EPEC<abbreviation> Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ependymalRelating to the ependyma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ependymal cellCells that line cavities in the central nervous system considered to be a type of glial cell. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
ependymal cystA circumscribed distention of some portion of the central canal of the spinal cord or of the cerebral ventricles. ... Synonym: neural cyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ependymal layerAn inner epithelial layer of cells bordering the lumen of the embryonic neural tube and brain, formed during the latter's stratification, and persisting in modified form throughout life. ... Synonym: ependymal zone, ventricular layer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ependymal zoneSynonym for ependymal layer ... An inner epithelial layer of cells bordering the lumen of the embryonic neural tube and brain, formed during the latter's stratification, and persisting in modified form throughout life. ... Synonym: ependymal zone, ventricular layer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ependymitisInflammation of the ependyma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ependymoblastAn embryonic ependymal cell. ... Origin: ependyma + G. Blastos, germ ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ependymoblastoma<tumour> A glial neoplasm of the central nervous system, occurring typically in childhood; the prototype tumour cells resemble ependymoblasts. ... Origin: ependymoblast + G. -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ependymocyteAn ependymal cell. ... Origin: ependyma + G. Kytos, cell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ependymoma<oncology, tumour> This primary brain tumour accounts for 8 to 10% of paediatric brain tumours. These tumours occur in the ventricles of the brain and often cause obstruction of the cerebrospinal fluid. ... Symptoms include headache, vomiting and ataxia. Treatment often includes a combination of surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Ove …
epersalgiaSynonym for eparsalgia ... Pain and soreness from overuse or unaccustomed use of a part, as a joint or muscle. ... Synonym: epersalgia. ... Origin: G. Epairo, to lift up, + algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eperythrozoonA genus of gram-negative bacteria whose organisms are obligate parasites of various vertebrate species including rodents, ruminants, and pigs. Some species have been shown to be transmitted by arthropod vectors. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Eperythrozoon coccoidesA species present in mice, but usually requiring splenectomy to reveal infections; rats and hamsters may be artificially infected; bloodsucking arthropods, especially lice, have been implicated as biological vectors, and mechanical transmission by bloodsucking flies has been demonstrated; the pathogenic effect is slight except when combined with ot …
Eperythrozoon ovisA species found in sheep, rarely causing disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Eperythrozoon suisA species that produces icterus and anaemia in young pigs and icteroanaemia of swine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Eperythrozoon wenyoniA species found in cattle, rarely causing disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
eperythrozoonosisInfection with bacteria of the genus eperythrozoon. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
ephapseA place where two or more nerve cell processes (axons, dendrites) touch without forming a typical synaptic contact; some form of neural transmission may occur at such nonsynaptic contact sites. ... Origin: G. Ephapsis, contact ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ephapticRelating to an ephapse. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ephebicRarely used term relating to the period of puberty or to a youth. ... Origin: G. Ephebikos, relating to youth, fr. Hebe, youth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ephebologyRarely used term for the study of the morphologic and other changes incidental to puberty. ... Origin: G. Ephebos, puberty, + logos, study ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ephedraEphedra equisetina (family Gnetaceae). Ma Huang; the plant source for the alkaloid ephedrine. Indigenous to China and India, it is 0.75 to over 1% ephedrine; also contains some pseudoephedrine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ephedrine<chemical> An alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used in the treatment of several disorders including asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less e …
ephedrine-NAD oxidoreductase<enzyme> Forms methylbenzoylcarbinol and methylamine ... Registry number: EC 1.5.1.- ... Synonym: ephedrine-nad oxidoreductase (deaminating) ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
ephelisSynonym: freckle. ... Origin: G. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ephemeralShort-lived. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
ephemeral feverAn ephemerovirus infection of cattle caused by bovine ephemeral fever virus (ephemeral fever virus, bovine). It is characterised by respiratory symptoms, increased oropharyngeal secretions and lacrimation, joint pains, tremor, and stiffness. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
ephemeral fever of cattleAn acute febrile disease of cattle in many African and Asian countries and Australia, caused by a rhabdovirus and characterised by stiffness and lameness. ... Synonym: bovine ephemeral fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ephemeral fever virusA rhabdovirus that causes ephemeral fever of cattle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ephemeral fever virus, bovineThe type species of ephemerovirus causing disease in cattle. Transmission is by haematophagous arthropods and the virus has been isolated from both culicoides and mosquitoes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
ephemerisOrigin: L, a diary, Gr, also, a calendar, fr. See Ephemera. ... 1. A diary; a journal. ... 2. <anatomy> A publication giving the computed places of the heavenly bodies for each day of the year, with other numerical data, for the use of the astronomer and navigator; an astronomical almanac; as, the 'American Ephemeris and Nautical Almanac.' Any …
ephemerovirusA genus of the family rhabdoviridae which primarily infect cattle. Ephemeral fever virus, bovine is the type species. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
epi-Upon, following, or subsequent to. ... Origin: G. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
epi-coprostanol5b-Cholestan-3a-ol. For structure of cholestane, see steroids. ... Synonym: epi-coprosterol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
epi-coprosterolSynonym for epi-coprostanol ... 5b-Cholestan-3a-ol. For structure of cholestane, see steroids. ... Synonym: epi-coprosterol. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
epiandrosterone3b-hydroxy-5a-androstan-17-one;inactive isomer (3b instead of 3a) of androsterone; found in urine and in testicular and ovarian tissue. ... Synonym: isoandrosterone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
epibatidineA toxic alkaloid extracted from the venom of a South American frog, Epipedobates tricolor. The venom has been used as an arrow poison by native hunters; exerts analgesia by a mechanism other than activation of opiate receptors or cyclooxygenase inhibition. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
epibenthicLiving on the surface of bottom sediments in a water body. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
epiblepharonA congenital horizontal skin fold near the margin of the eyelid, caused by abnormal insertion of muscle fibres. In the upper lid, it simulates blepharochalasis; in the lower lid, it causes a turning inward of the lashes. ... Origin: epi-+ G. Blepharon, eyelid ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
epibole1. A process involved in gastrulation of telolecithal eggs in which, as a result of differential growth, some of the cells of the protoderm move over the surface toward the lips of the blastopore. ... 2. Growth of epithelium in an organ culture to surround the underlying mesenchymal tissue. ... Origin: G. Epibole, a throwing or laying on ... (05 Mar 2 …
epibranchial placodesEctodermal thickenings associated with the more dorsal parts of the embryonic branchial grooves; their cells are believed to contribute to formation of the cranial ganglia, especially those of nerves IX and X. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
epibulbarUpon a bulb of any kind; specifically, upon the eyeball. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
epicalyxA whorl of bracts, just below a flower, looking like a second calyx. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
epicanthal foldA fold of skin that comes down across the inner angle of the eye. The epicanthal fold is more common in children with Down syndrome and other birth defects than normal children and so is of value in diagnosis. Although some dictionaries state that this eye fold is found in peoples of Asian origin, this is not true. The normal Asian eyefold is conti …
epicanthusSynonym for epicanthal fold ... A fold of skin that comes down across the inner angle of the eye. The epicanthal fold is more common in children with Down syndrome and other birth defects than normal children and so is of value in diagnosis. Although some dictionaries state that this eye fold is found in peoples of Asian origin, this is not true. Th …
epicanthus inversusA crescentic upward fold of skin from the lower eyelid at the inner canthus; frequent in congenital blepharoptosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
