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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

epicanthus palpebralis
Epicanthus arising from the upper lid above the tarsal portion and extending to the lower portion of the orbit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicanthus supraciliaris
Epicanthus arising from the region of the eyebrows and extending toward the tear sac. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicanthus tarsalis
Epicanthus arising from the tarsal fold and disappearing in the skin close to the inner canthus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicardia
The portion of the oesophagus from where it passes through the diaphragm to the stomach. ... Origin: epi-+ G. Kardia, heart ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicardial
1. Relating to the epicardia. ... 2. Relating to the epicardium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicardial fat sign
<radiology> Two lucent lines on lateral CXR anterior to heart, subepicardial fat around LAD, anterior mediastinal fat, lines seen in 40% of all lateral CXRs, if separation greater than 2 mm most likely to be consider pericardial effusion or thickening ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epicardium
The inner lining of the serous pericardium lying directly on the heart, forming the outermost layer of the heart wall. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

epicarp
<plant biology> The outer layer of the wall of a fruit, the 'skin'. ... (15 Jan 1998) ...

epichlorohydrin
<chemical> (chloromethyl)oxirane. A chlorinated epoxy compound used as a solvent in a variety of resins, gums, paints, etc. It has shown anti-fertility activity in males. According to the fourth annual report on carcinogens (ntp 85-002, 1985), epichlorohydrin may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (merck index, 11th ed) ... Pharmaco …

epicillin
Semisynthetic beta-lactam antibiotic related to penicillin; an antibacterial. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicomus
Unequal conjoined twins in which the smaller parasite is joined to the larger autosite at the top of the head. ... See: conjoined twins. ... Origin: epi-+ G. Kome, hair of the head ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicondylalgia
Pain in an epicondyle of the humerus or in the tendons or muscles originating therefrom. ... Origin: epicondyle + G. Algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicondylalgia externa
Synonym for tennis elbow ... <rheumatology> Inflammation at the lateral epicondyle (bony process of the humerus) of the elbow and the tendons insertions. ... It has earned the name tennis elbow because of the common occurrence of this condition in tennis players (constant dorsiflexion of the wrist). ... See: medial epicondylitis. ... (13 Jan 1998 …

epicondyle
<anatomy> A boney projection on the inner side of the distal end of the humerus; the internal condyle. ... (30 Dec 1998) ...

epicondyli
Plural of epicondylus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicondylian
Synonym for epicondylic ... Relating to an epicondyle or to the part above a condyle. ... Synonym: epicondylian. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicondylic
Relating to an epicondyle or to the part above a condyle. ... Synonym: epicondylian. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicondylitis
<pathology> Inflammation of the epicondyle or of the tissues adjoining the epicondyle of the humerus. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

epicondylus
Synonym: epicondyle. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicondylus lateralis humeri
Synonym for lateral epicondyle of humerus ... The epicondylus situated at the lateral side of the distal end of the bone. ... Synonym: epicondylus lateralis humeri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicondylus lateralis ossis femoris
Synonym for lateral epicondyle of femur ... The epicondylus located proximal to the lateral condyle. ... Synonym: epicondylus lateralis ossis femoris, lateral femoral tuberosity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicondylus medialis humeri
Synonym for medial epicondyle of humerus ... The epicondylus situated proximal and medial to the condyle. ... Synonym: epicondylus medialis humeri, epitrochlea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicondylus medialis ossis femoris
Synonym for medial epicondyle of femur ... The epicondylus located proximal to the medial condyle. ... Synonym: epicondylus medialis ossis femoris, medial femoral tuberosity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicormic
<botany> Of buds, shoots or flowers, borne on the old wood of trees (applied especially to shoots arising from dormant buds after injury or fire). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

epicortical
<botany> On top of the bark, i.e. Outside the bark. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

epicotyl
<plant biology> The first shoot of a plant embryo or seedling, above the point of insertion of the cotyledon. Can be relatively long in some etiolated seedlings. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

epicranial aponeurosis
The aponeurosis or intermediate tendon connecting the frontalis and occipitalis muscles to form the epicranius. ... Synonym: aponeurosis epicranialis, galea aponeurotica, galea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicranial muscle
Synonym for epicranius muscle ... <anatomy> Composed of the epicranial aponeurosis and the muscles inserting into it, i.e., the occipitofrontalis musculus and temporoparietalis musculus. ... Synonym: musculus epicranius, epicranial muscle, scalp muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicranius muscle
<anatomy> Composed of the epicranial aponeurosis and the muscles inserting into it, i.e., the occipitofrontalis musculus and temporoparietalis musculus. ... Synonym: musculus epicranius, epicranial muscle, scalp muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicrisis
A secondary crisis; a crisis terminating a recrudescence of morbid symptoms following a primary crisis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicritic
That aspect of somatic sensation which permits the discrimination and the topographical localization of the finer degrees of touch and temperature stimuli. ... Compare: protopathic. ... Origin: G. Epikritikos, adjudicatory, fr. Epi, on, + krino, to separate, judge ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicritic sensibility
See: epicritic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicycle
1. A circle, whose center moves round in the circumference of a greater circle; or a small circle, whose center, being fixed in the deferent of a planet, is carried along with the deferent, and yet, by its own peculiar motion, carries the body of the planet fastened to it round its proper center. 'The schoolmen were like astronomers which did feign …

epicycloid
<geometry> A curve traced by a point in the circumference of a circle which rolls on the convex side of a fixed circle. ... Any point rigidly connected with the rolling circle, but not in its circumference, traces a curve called an epitrochoid. The curve traced by a point in the circumference of the rolling circle when it rolls on the concave …

epicystitis
Inflammation of the cellular tissue around the bladder. ... Origin: epi-+ G. Kystis, bladder, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epicyte
A cell membrane, especially of protozoa; the external layer of cytoplasm in gregarines. ... Origin: epi-+ G. Kytos, cell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic
<epidemiology> Occurring suddenly in numbers clearly in excess of normal expectancy, said especially of infectious diseases but applied also to any disease, injury or other health related event occurring in such outbreaks. ... Compare: endemic, sporadic. ... Origin: Gr. Epidemios = prevalent ... (13 Nov 1997) ...

epidemic benign dry pleurisy
Synonym for epidemic pleurodynia ... An acute infectious disease usually occurring in epidemic form, characterised by paroxysms of pain, usually in the chest, and associated with strains of Enterovirus coxsackievirus type B. ... Synonym: benign dry pleurisy, Bornholm disease, Daae's disease, devil's grip, diaphragmatic pleurisy, epidemic benign dry p …

epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis
Synonym for meningococcal meningitis ... An acute infectious disease affecting children and young adults, caused by Neisseria meningitidis; characterised by nasopharyngeal catarrh, headache, vomiting, convulsions, stiffness in the neck (nuchal rigidity), photophobia, constipation, cutaneous hyperesthesia, a purpuric or herpetic eruption, and the pre …

epidemic curve
A graph in which the number of new cases of a disease is plotted against an interval of time to describe a specific epidemic or outbreak. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic diaphragmatic pleurisy
Synonym for epidemic pleurodynia ... An acute infectious disease usually occurring in epidemic form, characterised by paroxysms of pain, usually in the chest, and associated with strains of Enterovirus coxsackievirus type B. ... Synonym: benign dry pleurisy, Bornholm disease, Daae's disease, devil's grip, diaphragmatic pleurisy, epidemic benign dry p …

epidemic disease
Marked increase in prevalence of a disease in a specific population or area, usually with an environmental cause, such as an infectious or toxic agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic dropsy
A disease causing occasional epidemics in India and Mauritius; marked by oedema, anaemia, eruptive angiomatosis, and mild fever; may be associated with nutritional deficiency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic encephalitis
A viral encephalitis occurring epidemically, such as in Japanese B encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis, and lethargic encephalitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic exanthema
Synonym for epidemic polyarthritis ... A mild febrile illness of humans in Australia characterised by polyarthralgia and rash, caused by the Ross River virus, a member of the family Togaviridae, and transmitted by mosquitoes. ... Synonym: epidemic exanthema, Murray Valley rash, Ross River fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic fadeout
<epidemiology> Parasite extinction occurring because numbers are so low immediately following an epidemic that it is possible for small stochastic fluctuations to remove all parasites. Contrast endemic fadeout. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

epidemic gangrenous proctitis
A generally fatal disease affecting chiefly children in the tropics, characterised by gangrenous ulceration of the rectum and anus, accompanied by frequent watery stools and tenesmus. ... Synonym: bicho, caribi, Indian sickness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic gastroenteritis virus
A RNA virus, about 27 nm in diameter, which has not been cultured in vitro; it is the cause of epidemic nonbacterial gastroenteritis; at least five antigenically distinct serotypes have been recognised, including the Norwalk agent. These viruses are probably classified with the Caliciviruses in the family Caliciviridae. ... Synonym: gastroenteritis …

epidemic haemoglobinuria
The presence of haemoglobin, or of pigments derived from it, in the urine of young infants, attended with cyanosis, jaundice, and other conditions; may be due to secondary methemoglobinaemia; also called Winckel's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic haemorrhagic fever
A condition characterised by acute onset of headache, chills and high fever, sweating, thirst, photophobia, coryza, cough, myalgia, arthralgia, and abdominal pain with nausea and vomiting; this phase lasts from three to six days and is followed by capillary and renal interstitial haemorrhages, oedema, oliguria, azotemia, and shock; most varieties a …

epidemic hepatitis
Synonym for viral hepatitis type A ... A virus disease with a short incubation period (usually 15 to 50 days), caused by hepatitis A virus, a member of the family Picornaviridae, often transmitted by faecal-oral route; may be inapparent, mild, severe, or occasionally fatal and occurs sporadically or in epidemics, commonly in school-age children and …

epidemic hiccup
A persistent hiccup occurring as a complication of influenza. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic hysteria
Synonym for mass hysteria ... Spontaneous, en masse development of identical physical and/or emotional symptoms among a group of individuals, as seen in a classroom of schoolchildren, a socially contagious frenzy of irrational behaviour in a group of people as a reaction to an event. ... Synonym: epidemic hysteria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic keratoconjunctivitis
Follicular conjunctivitis followed by subepithelial corneal infiltrates; often caused by adenovirus type 8, less commonly by other types. ... Synonym: virus keratoconjunctivitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic keratoconjunctivitis virus
An adenovirus (type 8) causing epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, especially among shipyard workers, and also associated with outbreaks of swimming pool conjunctivitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic myalgia
Synonym for epidemic pleurodynia ... An acute infectious disease usually occurring in epidemic form, characterised by paroxysms of pain, usually in the chest, and associated with strains of Enterovirus coxsackievirus type B. ... Synonym: benign dry pleurisy, Bornholm disease, Daae's disease, devil's grip, diaphragmatic pleurisy, epidemic benign dry p …

epidemic myalgia virus
Synonym for epidemic pleurodynia virus ... A virus of Enterovirus coxsackievirus type B, in the family Picornaviridae, that causes epidemic pleurodynia. ... Synonym: Bornholm disease virus, epidemic myalgia virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic myalgic encephalomyelitis
Synonym for epidemic neuromyasthenia ... An epidemic disease characterised by stiffness of the neck and back, headache, diarrhoea, fever, and localised muscular weakness; restricted almost exclusively to adults, affecting women more than men; probably viral in origin. ... Synonym: Akureyri disease, benign myalgic encephalomyelitis, epidemic myalgic e …

epidemic myositis
Synonym for epidemic pleurodynia ... An acute infectious disease usually occurring in epidemic form, characterised by paroxysms of pain, usually in the chest, and associated with strains of Enterovirus coxsackievirus type B. ... Synonym: benign dry pleurisy, Bornholm disease, Daae's disease, devil's grip, diaphragmatic pleurisy, epidemic benign dry p …

epidemic nausea
Synonym for epidemic vomiting ... Virus caused by Norwalk virus, a 27 nm RNA virus in the family Caliciviridae frequently occurring in a group of people (e.g., in a school or small community) suddenly and without prodromal illness or malaise, is intense while it lasts, but ceases abruptly after a few hours or a day or so; symptoms are headache, abdo …

epidemic neuromyasthenia
An epidemic disease characterised by stiffness of the neck and back, headache, diarrhoea, fever, and localised muscular weakness; restricted almost exclusively to adults, affecting women more than men; probably viral in origin. ... Synonym: Akureyri disease, benign myalgic encephalomyelitis, epidemic myalgic encephalomyelitis, Iceland disease. ... (0 …

epidemic parotiditis
An acute infectious and contagious disease caused by a Paramyxovirus and characterised by fever, inflammation and swelling of the parotid gland, sometimes of other salivary glands, and occasionally by inflammation of the testis, ovary, pancreas, or meninges. ... Synonym: mumps. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic parotitis virus
Synonym for mumps virus ... The type species of rubulavirus that causes an acute infectious disease in humans, affecting mainly children. Transmission occurs by droplet infection. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epidemic pleurodynia
An acute infectious disease usually occurring in epidemic form, characterised by paroxysms of pain, usually in the chest, and associated with strains of Enterovirus coxsackievirus type B. ... Synonym: benign dry pleurisy, Bornholm disease, Daae's disease, devil's grip, diaphragmatic pleurisy, epidemic benign dry pleurisy, epidemic diaphragmatic pleu …

epidemic pleurodynia virus
A virus of Enterovirus coxsackievirus type B, in the family Picornaviridae, that causes epidemic pleurodynia. ... Synonym: Bornholm disease virus, epidemic myalgia virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic polyarthritis
A mild febrile illness of humans in Australia characterised by polyarthralgia and rash, caused by the Ross River virus, a member of the family Togaviridae, and transmitted by mosquitoes. ... Synonym: epidemic exanthema, Murray Valley rash, Ross River fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic roseola
Synonym for rubella ... <disease, virology> An acute, usually benign, infectious disease caused by a togavirus and most often affecting children and nonimmune young adults, in which the virus enters the respiratory tract via droplet nuclei and spreads to the lymphatic system. ... It is characterised by a slight cold, sore throat and fever, foll …

epidemic stomatitis
Contagious mouth infection, usually due to Group A Coxsackievirus. ... See: herpangina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic tetany
Synonym for rheumatic tetany ... An acute epidemic form of tetany, of several weeks' duration, occurring chiefly in winter. ... Synonym: epidemic tetany. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic tremor
Synonym for avian infectious encephalomyelitis ... <veterinary> A disease of very young chicks caused by a picornavirus and characterised by tremor, ataxia, somnolence, and finally death. ... Synonym: epidemic tremor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemic typhus
<infectious disease> A severe acute disease with prolonged high fever up to 40° C (104° F), intractable headache, and a pink-to-red raised rash. The cause is a microorganism called Rickettsia prowazekii. ... It is found worldwide and is transmitted by lice. The lice become infected on typhus patients and transmit illness to other people. The m …

epidemic vertigo
Synonym for vestibular neuronitis ... A paroxysmal attack of severe vertigo, not accompanied by deafness or tinnitus, which affects young to middle-aged adults, often following a non-specific upper respiratory infection; due to unilateral vestibular dysfunction. ... Synonym: endemic paralytic vertigo, epidemic vertigo, Gerlier's disease, kubisagari, …

epidemic vomiting
Virus caused by Norwalk virus, a 27 nm RNA virus in the family Caliciviridae frequently occurring in a group of people (e.g., in a school or small community) suddenly and without prodromal illness or malaise, is intense while it lasts, but ceases abruptly after a few hours or a day or so; symptoms are headache, abdominal pain, giddiness, and diarrh …

epidemical
1. <epidemiology> Common to, or affecting at the same time, a large number in a community; applied to a disease which, spreading widely, attacks many persons at the same time; as, an epidemic disease; an epidemic catarrh, fever, etc. See Endemic. ... 2. Spreading widely, or generally prevailing; affecting great numbers, as an epidemic does; as …

epidemicity
The state of prevailing disease in epidemic form. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemiologic factors
Events, characteristics, or other definable entities that have the potential to bring about a change in a health condition or other defined outcome. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epidemiologic measurements
<epidemiology> Statistical calculations on the occurrence of disease or other health-related conditions in defined populations. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epidemiologic research design
The form and structure of analytic studies in epidemiologic and clinical research. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epidemiologic studies
Studies designed to examine associations, commonly, hypothesised causal relations. They are usually concerned with identifying or measuring the effects of risk factors or exposures. The common types of analytic study are case-control studies, cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epidemiologic study characteristics
Types and formulations of studies used in epidemiological and clinical research. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epidemiological
Relating to or involving epidemiology. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

epidemiological distribution
See: histogram. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemiological genetics
The study of genetics as a phenomenon of defined populations by the criteria, methods, and objectives of epidemiology rather than of population genetics. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidemiology
<study> The study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states and events in populations and the control of health problems, the study of epidemic disease. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

epidemiology, classical
The study of populations in order to determine the frequency and distribution of disease and measure risks. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epidemiology, clinical
Epidemiology focused specifically upon patients. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epidemiology, molecular
The application of molecular biology to the answering of epidemiological questions. The examination of patterns of changes in DNA to implicate particular carcinogens and the use of molecular markers to predict which individuals are at highest risk for a disease are common examples. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epiderma
Synonym for epidermis ... 1. <dermatology> The basal layer of the mammalian epidermis contains cells that undergo repeated divisions. The cells outwards from a particular basal cell are often derived from this cell or a nearby one so that columns of cells exist running outwards from the stem cell in the basal layer from which they were derived …

epidermal
Pertaining to or resembling epidermis. Also called epidermic or epidermoid. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

epidermal cell
1. Cell of epidermis in animals. ... 2. Plant cell on the surface of a leaf or other young plant tissue, where bark is absent. The exposed surface is covered with a layer of cutin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

epidermal cyst
Intradermal or subcutaneous saclike structure, the wall of which is stratified epithelium containing keratohyalin granules. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epidermal growth factor
<growth factor> A mitogenic polypeptide initially isolated from male mouse submaxillary gland. ... The name refers to the early bioassay, but epidermal growth factor is active on a variety of cell types, especially but not exclusively epithelial. Human equivalent originally named urogastrone owing to its hormone activity. ... Acronym: EGF ... (1 …

epidermal growth factor-urogastrone
<chemical> Single chain, nonhelical, acidic polypeptides of about 52 amino acids found in most mammals. Epidermal growth factor and urogastrone are not identical but seem to share biological acivities. They promote growth of, and cell proliferation in, certain tissues, especially epidermal structures and inhibit acid secretion by the stomach. …

epidermal necrolysis, toxic
An exfoliative disease of skin seen primarily in adults and characterised by flaccid bullae and spreading erythema so that the skin has the appearance of being scalded. It results primarily from a toxic reaction to various drugs, but occasionally occurs as a result of infection, neoplastic conditions, or other exposure. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

epidermal ridge count
An index of the frequency of sweat pores on the fingertips by enumeration along a set of arbitrarily defined lines; a classic example of a galtonian trait determined almost exclusively by genetic factors. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidermal ridges
Ridges of the epidermis of the palms and soles, where the sweat pores open. ... Synonym: cristae cutis, skin ridges. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidermalization
Synonym for squamous metaplasia ... The transformation of glandular or mucosal epithelium into stratified squamous epithelium. ... Synonym: epidermalization. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidermatoplasty
Rarely used term for skin grafting by means of strips or small patches of epidermis with the underlying outer layer of the corium. ... Origin: epidermis + G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidermic cell
One of the cell's of the epidermis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

epidermic graft
A graft supposed to contain only epidermis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...