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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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energy-generating resourcesNatural energy sources of power supply. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
energy-rich bondSee: high energy compounds. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
energy-rich phosphatesSynonym for high energy phosphates ... Those phosphate's that, on hydrolysis, yield an unusually large amount of energy; e.g., nucleotide polyphosphates such as ATP, enol phosphate's such as phosphoenolpyruvate. ... See: high energy compounds. ... Synonym: energy-rich phosphates. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enerlasting1. Eternal duration, past of future; eternity. 'From everlasting to everlasting, thou art God.' (Ps. Xc. 2) ... 2. (With the definite article) The Eternal Being; God. ... 3. <botany> A plant whose flowers may be dried without losing their form or colour, as the pearly everlasting (Anaphalis margaritacea), the immortelle of the French, the cudwe …
enervationFailure of nerve force; weakening. ... Origin: L. Enervo, pp. -atus, to enervate, fr. E-priv. + nervus, nerve ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enflurane<chemical> 2-chloro-1,1,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether. An extremely stable inhalation anaesthetic that allows rapid adjustments of anaesthesia depth with little change in pulse or respiratory rate. ... Pharmacological action: anaesthetics, inhalation. ... Chemical name: Ethane, 2-chloro-1-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,2-trifluoro- ... (12 Dec 19 …
enforce1. To put force upon; to force; to constrain; to compel; as, to enforce obedience to commands. 'Inward joy enforced my heart to smile.' (Shak) ... 2. To make or gain by force; to obtain by force; as, to enforce a passage. 'Enforcing furious way.' ... 3. To put in motion or action by violence; to drive. 'As swift as stones Enforced from the old Assyri …
ENG<abbreviation> Electronystagmography. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
engagement1. The act of engaging, pledging, enlisting, occupying, or entering into contest. ... 2. The state of being engaged, pledged or occupied; specif, a pledge to take some one as husband or wife. ... 3. That which engages; engrossing occupation; employment of the attention; obligation by pledge, promise, or contract; an enterprise embarked in; as, his en …
engastriusUnequal conjoined twins in which the smaller parasite is wholly or partly within the abdomen of the larger autosite. ... Origin: G. En, in, + gaster, belly ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Engelmann, Guido<person> German surgeon, *1876. ... See: Engelmann's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Engelmann, Theodor<person> German physiologist, 1843-1909. ... See: Engelmann's basal knobs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Engelmann's basal knobsAn obsolete eponym for blepharoplast. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Engelmann's diseaseSynonym for diaphysial dysplasia ... Progressive, symmetrical fusiform enlargement of the shafts of long bones characterised by the formation of excessive new periosteal and endosteal bone and irregular conversion of this cortical bone into cancellous bone; anaemia does not occur as a rule, as in osteopetrosis. ... Synonym: Engelmann's disease. ... (0 …
engender1. To produce by the union of the sexes; to beget. ... 2. To cause to exist; to bring forth; to produce; to sow the seeds of; as, angry words engender strife. 'Engendering friendship in all parts of the common wealth.' (Southey) ... Synonym: To breed, generate, procreate, propagate, occasion, call forth, cause, excite, develop. ... Origin: F. Engender …
ENGERIX-BA vaccine against hepatitis B (hep B) to stimulate the body's immune system to produce antibodies against the hep B virus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
engine1. (Pronounced, in this sense,) Natural capacity; ability; skill. 'A man hath sapiences three, Memory, engine, and intellect also.' (Chaucer) ... 2. Anything used to effect a purpose; any device or contrivance; an agent. 'You see the ways the fisherman doth take To catch the fish; what engines doth he make?' (Bunyan) 'Their promises, enticements, oa …
engine reamerAn engine-mounted spirally-bladed instrument, used for enlarging the root canals of teeth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
engineeringOriginally, the art of managing engines; in its modern and extended sense, the art and science by which the mechanical properties of matter are made useful to man in structures and machines; the occupation and work of an engineer. ... In a comprehensive sense, engineering includes architecture as a mechanical art, in distinction from architecture as …
Englisch, Josef<person> Austrian physician, 1835-1915. ... See: Englisch's sinus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Englisch's sinusSynonym for inferior petrosal sinus ... A paired dural venous sinus running in the groove on the petrooccipital fissure connecting the cavernous sinus with the superior bulb of the internal jugular vein. ... Synonym: sinus petrosus inferior, Englisch's sinus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
english1. Collectively, the people of England; English people or persons. ... 2. The language of England or of the English nation, and of their descendants in America, India, and other countries. ... The English language has been variously divided into periods by different writers. In the division most commonly recognised, the first period dates from about …
English diseaseAn obsolete term for rickets. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
English positionSynonym for Sims' position ... A position to facilitate a vaginal examination, the patient lying on the side with the under arm behind the back, the thighs flexed, the upper one more than the lower. ... Synonym: English position, lateral recumbent position, semiprone position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
English rhinoplastyRhinoplasty utilizing a flap from the cheek. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
English sweating diseaseA disease of unknown nature that appeared in England and spread over Europe in 1485, 1508 and 1528-30 and was characterised by heavy sweats, prostration, and a high fatality rate. ... Synonym: sudor anglicus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
englobeTo take in by a spheroidal body; said of the ingestion of bacteria and other foreign bodies by the phagocytes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
englobementThe process of inclusion by a spheroidal body, such as by a phagocyte. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
engraftment<haematology, oncology> When bone marrow infused during a bone marrow transplant takes or is accepted by the patient and begins producing blood cells. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...
engrailed<molecular biology> A Drosophila gene that controls segmental polarity. It is the archetype for one of three subfamilies of homeobox containing genes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
engrain1. To dye in grain, or of a fast colour. See Ingrain. 'Leaves engrained in lusty green.' (Spenser) ... 2. To incorporate with the grain or texture of anything; to infuse deeply. See Ingrain. 'The stain hath become engrained by time.' (Sir W. Scott) ... 3. To colour in imitation of the grain of wood; to grain. See Grain. ... Origin: Pref. En- + grain. …
engramIn the mnaemic hypothesis, a physical habit or memory trace made on the protoplasm of an organism by the repetition of stimuli. ... Origin: G. En, in, + gramma, mark ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
engraphiaThe formation of engrams. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
engrave1. To cut in; to make by incision. 'Full many wounds in his corrupted flesh He did engrave.' (Spenser) ... 2. To cut with a graving instrument in order to form an inscription or pictorial representation; to carve figures; to mark with incisions. 'Like . . . . A signet thou engrave the two stones with the names of the children of Israel.' (Ex. Xxviii …
engraving1. The act or art of producing upon hard material incised or raised patterns, characters, lines, and the like; especially, the art of producing such lines, etc, in the surface of metal plates or blocks of wood. Engraving is used for the decoration of the surface itself; also, for producing an original, from which a pattern or design may be printed …
engross1. To make gross, thick, or large; to thicken; to increase in bulk or quantity. 'Waves . . . Engrossed with mud.' (Spenser) 'Not sleeping, to engross his idle body.' (Shak) ... 2. To amass. 'To engross up glorious deeds on my behalf.' (Shak) ... 3. To copy or write in a large hand (en gross, i. E, in large); to write a fair copy of in distinct and le …
enhancementAltering an object, substance or site for the improvement of a specific value. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
enhancement effectProperty of higher plant photosynthesis, discovered by Robert Emerson. The quantum yield of red light (less than 680nm) and far red light (700nm), when shone simultaneously on a plant, is greater than the sum of the yields of the light of the two wavelengths separately. This effect provides evidence for the cooperative interaction of two photosyste …
enhancer element<molecular biology> A DNA sequence, present in the genomes of higher eukaryotes and of various animal viruses, which can increase the transcription of genes into messenger RNA. ... These control element frequently found 5' to the start site of a gene, when bound by a specific transcription factor, enhance the levels of expression of the gene, …
enhancer sequence<molecular biology> A nucleotide sequence, located as many as several thousand base pairs away in either direction from the target gene, which enhances transcription of that gene. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...
enhancer trap<molecular biology, technique> Technique for mapping gene expression patterns, classically in Drosophila. A transposon element carrying a reporter gene (usually _ galactosidase), linked to a very weak promoter, is induced to jump within the genome. If the P element re inserts within the sphere of influence of promoters and enhancers of some ( …
enhancersGenetic elements important in the function of a specific promoter. ... Origin: M.E. Enhauncen, raise, increase, fr. O. Fr. Enhaucier, fr. L.L. Inalto, fr. Altus, high, + -er, agent suffix ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enhancing brain nodule<radiology> Metastases, infection, cysticercosis, histoplasmosis, tuberculosis, non-infectious inflammatory processes, sarcoidosis, multiple sclerosis, primary CNS lymphoma, subacute multiple infarcts see: ring lesions in brain ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
enharmonical1. Of or pertaining to that one of the three kinds of musical scale (diatonic, chromatic, enharmonic) recognised by the ancient Greeks, which consisted of quarter tones and major thirds, and was regarded as the most accurate. ... 2. Pertaining to a change of notes to the eye, while, as the same keys are used, the instrument can mark no difference to …
enhematosporeAn obsolete terms for merozoite. ... Origin: G. En, in, + haima, blood, + sporos, seed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enjoyment1. The condition of enjoying anything; pleasure or satisfaction, as in the possession or occupancy of anything; possession and use; as, the enjoyment of an estate. ... 2. That which gives pleasure or keen satisfaction. 'The hope of everlasting enjoyments.' (Glanvill) ... Synonym: Pleasure, satisfaction, gratification, fruition, happiness, felicity, d …
enkephalin, leucine<chemical> Tyrosylglycylglycylphenylalanylleucine. Endogenous pentapeptide with morphine-like activity. The amino acid in position 5 is leucine. ... Chemical name: L-Leucine, N-(N-(N-(N-L-tyrosylglycyl)glycyl)-L-phenylalanyl)- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
enkephalin, leucine-2-alanine<chemical> N-(n-(n-(n-l-tyrosyl-d-alanyl)glycyl)-l-phenylalanyl)-d-leucine. A synthetic delta-selective opioid peptide with analgesic properties. Treatment with dadle results in transient depression of mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate. ... Chemical name: D-Leucine, N-(N-(N-(N-L-tyrosyl-D-alanyl)glycyl)-L-phenylalanyl)- ... (12 Dec 19 …
enkephalin, methionine<chemical> Endogenous pentapeptide with morphine-like activity. The amino acid in position 5 is methionine. ... Chemical name: Adrenorphin (human), 6-de-L-arginine-7-de-L-arginine-8-de-L-valinamide- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
enkephalinergicRelating to nerve cells or fibres that employ an enkephalin as their neurotransmitter. ... Origin: enkephalin + G. Ergon, work ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enkephalinsNatural opiate pentapeptides isolated originally from pig brain. Leu enkephalin YGGFL) and Met enkephalin (YGGFM) bind particularly strongly to _ type opiate receptors. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
enlarge1. To grow large or larger; to be further extended; to expand; as, a plant enlarges by growth; an estate enlarges by good management; a volume of air enlarges by rarefaction. ... 2. To speak or write at length; to be diffuse in speaking or writing; to expatiate; to dilate. 'To enlarge upon this theme.' (M. Arnold) ... 3. To get more astern or paralle …
enlarged pituitary infundibulum<radiology> Histiocytosis X, eosinophilic granuloma, Hand-Schuller-Christian disease, Letterer-Siwe disease, sarcoidosis ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
enlargement1. An increase in size; an anatomical swelling, enlargement, or prominence. ... 2. An intumescence or swelling. ... Synonym: intumescentia, intumescence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enmityOrigin: OE. Enemyte, fr. Enemy: cf. F. Inimitie, OF. Enemistie. See Enemy, and cf. Amity. ... 1. The quality of being an enemy; hostile or unfriendly disposition. 'No ground of enmity between us known.' (Milton) ... 2. A state of opposition; hostility. 'The friendship of the world is enmity with God.' (James iv. 4) ... Synonym: Rancor, hostility, hatr …
enniatin B synthetase<enzyme> Indexed (78-82) to enniatins/biosyn (minor descriptor, file maintatined to peptides, cyclic ... Registry number: EC 6.3.2.- ... Synonym: enniatin synthetase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
ennoble1. To make noble; to elevate in degree, qualities, or excellence; to dignify. 'Ennobling all that he touches.' 'What can ennoble sots, or slaves, or cowards? Alas! not all the blood of all the Howards.' (Pope) ... 2. To raise to the rank of nobility; as, to ennoble a commoner. ... Synonym: To raise, dignify, exalt, elevate, aggrandize. ... Origin: Pre …
enolA compound possessing a hydroxyl group (alcohol) attached to a doubly bonded (ethylenic) carbon atom (-CH==CH(OH)-); properly italicised when attached as a prefix or infix to an otherwise complete name; e.g., enol pyruvate; phosphoenolpyruvate; usually in equilibrium with its keto tautomer. ... Origin: -ene + -ol ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enol pyruvateCH2==C(OH)-COO-un, the form of pyruvate encountered in the biologically important phosphoenolpyruvate (enol pyruvate phosphate), not in the free form. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enolase<enzyme> An enzyme catalyzing the reversible dehydration of 2-phospho-d-glycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate and water; a step in both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis; several isozymes exist; inhibited by F-. ... Synonym: phosphopyruvate hydratase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enolizationConversion of a keto to an enol form; e.g., CH3-CO-COOH → CH2==C(OH)COOH. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enophthalmiaSynonym for enophthalmos ... Sunken eyeball. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
enophthalmosSunken eyeball. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
enoplidaAn order of nematodes of the subclass adenophorea. Its organisms commonly have a cylindrical oesophagus. The superfamilies of this order are dioctophymatoidea, mermithoidea, and trichuroidea. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
enoplida infectionsInfections with nematodes of the order enoplida. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
enorganicRarely used term denoting that which occurs as an innate characteristic of an organism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enosimania<psychiatry> Rarely used term for the obsessive belief of having committed an unpardonable offense. ... Origin: G. Enosis, a quaking, + mania, insanity ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enostosisA mass of proliferating bone tissue within a bone. ... Origin: G. En, in, + osteon, bone, + -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enough1. In a degree or quantity that satisfies; to satisfaction; sufficiently. ... 2. Fully; quite; used to express slight augmentation of the positive degree, and sometimes equivalent to very; as, he is ready enough to embrace the offer. 'I know you well enough; you are Signior Antonio.' (Shak) 'Thou knowest well enough . . . That this is no time to len …
enoxacin<chemical> 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-1,8-naphthyridine 3-carboxylic acid. An orally administered broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent active against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Its clinical efficacy has been confirmed in a variety of systemic infections and particularly in urinary tr …
enoxaparinA low-molecular-weight version of heparin which acts like heparin as an anticoagulant (anti-clotting) medication. Enoxaparin is used to prevent thromboembolic complications (clots that travel from their site of origin through the blood stream to clog up another vessel). Enoxaparin is also used in the early treatment of blood clots in the lungs (pul …
enoximone<chemical> 1,3-dihydro-4-methyl-5-(4-(methylthio)benzoyl)-2h-imidazol-2-one. A selective phosphodiesterase inhibitor with vasodilating and positive inotropic activity that does not cause changes in myocardial oxygen consumption. It is used in patients with congestive heart failure. ... Pharmacological action: cardiotonic agent, phosphodiestera …
enoylThe acyl radical of an unsaturated aliphatic acid. ... Origin: -ene + -oyl ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enoyl hydraseSynonym for enoyl-CoA hydratase ... <enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses reversibly the hydration of unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA to yield beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA. It plays a role in the oxidation of fatty acids and in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis, has broad specificity, and is most active with crotonyl-CoA. ... Chemical name: (3S)-3-Hydroxyacyl- …
enoyl-ACP reductase1. An enzyme catalyzing hydrogenation of acyl-ACP complexes to 2,3-dehydroacyl-ACP's, with NAD+ as hydrogen acceptor; important in fatty acid metabolism. ... Synonym: crotonyl-ACP reductase. ... 2. A variant enzyme has been found carrying out the same reaction as enoyl-ACP reductase, but with NADP+ as hydrogen acceptor. ... Synonym: acyl-ACP dehydroge …
enoyl-CoA hydratase<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses reversibly the hydration of unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA to yield beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA. It plays a role in the oxidation of fatty acids and in mitochondrial fatty acid synthesis, has broad specificity, and is most active with crotonyl-CoA. ... Chemical name: (3S)-3-Hydroxyacyl-CoA hydro-lyase ... Registry number: …
enoyl-CoA reductaseacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (NADPH+) ...
enprofyllineA derivative of theophylline which shares with the latter agent bronchodilator properties. A xanthine derivative containing a propyl but lacking the methyl groups usually found in theophylline, caffeine and theobromine preparations. Used in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enprostil<chemical> 7-(3-hydroxy-2-(3-hydroxy-4-phenoxy-1-butenyl)-5-oxocyclopentyl) methyl ester. A synthetic pge2 analog that has an inhibitory effect on gastric acid secretion, a mucoprotective effect, and a postprandial lowering effect on gastrin. It has been shown to be efficient and safe in the treatment of gastroduodenal ulcers. ... Pharmacologi …
enraceTo enroot; to implant. ... (27 Oct 1998) ...
enriched medium<cell culture> A growth medium which contains extra unusual nutrients or contains higher concentrations of regular nutrients than a standard medium. It is used to grow auxotrophs (organisms which lack the ability to make something essential for growth). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
enrichment culture<cell culture, microbiology> Use of selective culture media and incubation conditions to isolate microorganisms directly from nature. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
enroll1. To insert in a roll; to register or enter in a list or catalogue or on rolls of court; hence, to record; to insert in records; to leave in writing; as, to enroll men for service; to enroll a decree or a law; also, reflexively, to enlist. ... 2. To envelop; to inwrap; to involve. ... Alternative forms: enrol. ... Origin: F. Enroler; pref. En- (L. In …
enrootTo fix by the root; to fix fast; to implant deep. ... (27 Oct 1998) ...
ensemble<chemistry> The set of atoms or molecules comprising the system. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...
ensheathing callusThe mass of callus around the outside of the fractured bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ensiformHaving sharp edges and tapering to a slender point, having a shape suggesting a sword. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
ensiform cartilageAn obsolete term for xiphoid process. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ensiform processSynonym for xiphoid process ... <anatomy> Composed of cartilage at the inferior aspect of the sternal body. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
ensign1. A flag; a banner; a standard; especially, the national flag, or a banner indicating nationality, carried by a ship or a body of soldiers; as distinguished from flags indicating divisions of the army, rank of naval officers, or private signals, and the like. 'Hang up your ensigns, let your drums be still.' (Shak) ... 2. A signal displayed like a s …
ensisternumSynonym: xiphoid process. ... Origin: L. Ensis, sword, + sternum ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
enstropheAn obsolete term for entropion. ... Origin: G. En, in, + strophe, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ensuAcronym for equivalent normal son unit, that amount of information (from any source linkage carrier phenotype, etc.) that will have the same impact on the conditional probability that a female consultand is a carrier for an X-linked trait as one normal son does; each normal son contributes one ensu. ... Compare: encu. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ensu methodA means of simplifying the calculation of risk in genetic counseling for X-linked traits by converting all pertinent evidence into ensu units. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
ENT<abbreviation> Ear, nose and throat. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
ent-kaurene oxidase<enzyme> Catalyses the oxidation of ent-kaurene to ent-kaurenoic acid with ent-kaurenol and ent-kaurenal as intermediates; requires NADPH and molecular oxygen; a cytochrome p-450 dependent reaction; from gibberella fujikuroi ... Registry number: EC 1.14.12.- ... Synonym: kaurene oxidase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
ent-kaurenoic acid 13-hydroxylase<enzyme> Forms steviol (ent-kaur-16-en-13-ol-19-oic acid) using NADPH and o2; n-terminal amino acid sequence given in first source ... Registry number: EC 1.14.13.- ... Synonym: ent-ka 13-hydroxylase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
entactin<protein> A dumbbell shaped 150 kD sulphated glycoprotein that is found in all basement membranes. It binds to laminin, forming a very stable 1:1 complex (KD = 10nM) and almost all laminin preparations contain entactin. The N terminal globular domain can self aggregate, whilst the C terminal globular domain binds to the short arm of laminin a …
ental originDeep origin, or real origin, the cell group in the brain or medulla, whence the fibres of the nerve begin, and the ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
entamoebaA genus of ameboid protozoa characterised by the presence of beaded chromatin on the inner surface of the nuclear membrane. Its organisms are parasitic in invertebrates and vertebrates, including humans. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
