Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.

Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

endemic
(en-dem´ik) present or usually prevalent in a population or geographical area at all times, in contrast to epidemic; said of a disease or infectious agent.

endemic disease
a disease that is present or usually prevalent in a population or geographical area at all times; such diseases usually have low mortality. See also epidemic disease.

endemic goiter
goiter occurring widely in a geographic region where the food or water is deficient in iodine. Treatment consists of iodine replacement; although this will not cure the condition, it can stop it from enlarging, and iodine administered in advance will prevent development of goiter.

endemic osteoarthritis
Kashin-Bek disease.

endemic paralytic vertigo
epidemic vertigo vestibular neuronitis.

endemic relapsing fever
tick-borne relapsing fever.

endemic syphilis
a chronic treponemal infection mainly seen in children, caused by an organism indistinguishable from Treponema pallidum, and transmitted directly by nonsexual contact and indirectly by the sharing of household utensils. The first lesions are usually patches on the mucous membranes inside the mouth; subsequent lesions are concen...

endemic typhus
murine typhus.

endemoepidemic
(en″dә-mo-ep″ĭ-dem´ik) endemic, but occasionally becoming epidemic.

endergonic
(end″әr-gon´ik) characterized or accompanied by the absorption of energy; requiring the input of free energy.

ending
(end´ing) a finishing or final part of something, especially the peripheral termination of a nerve or nerve fiber. Called also terminatio and terminus. encapsulated nerve ending a sensory nerve ending characterized by a fibrous capsule of varying thickness that is continuous with the endo...

endless loop tachycardia
see pacemaker-mediated tachycardia.

endoangiitis
(en″do-an-je-i´tis) endangiitis.

endoappendicitis
(en″do-ә-pen″dĭ-si´tis) inflammation of the mucous membrane of the vermiform appendix.

endoarteritis
(en″do-ahr″tәr-i´tis) endarteritis.

endoblast
(en´do-blast) endoderm.

endobronchial tube
a single- or double-lumen tube inserted into the bronchus of one lung and sealed with an inflatable cuff, permitting ventilation of the intubated lung and complete deflation of the other lung; used in anesthesia and thoracic surgery.

endobronchitis
(en″do-brong-ki´tis) inflammation of the epithelial lining of the bronchi.

endocardial
(en″do-kahr´de-әl) situated or occurring within the heart. pertaining to the endocardium.

endocardial candidiasis
Candida endocarditis.

endocardial cushions
elevations on the atrioventricular canal of the embryonic heart that later help form the interatrial septum.

endocarditis
(en″do-kahr-di´tis) exudative and proliferative inflammatory alterations of the endocardium, characterized by vegetations on its surface or interior. This most commonly involves a heart valve, but may also affect the inner lining of the cardiac chambers or the endocardium elsewhere. adj., endocardit´ic., adj.

endocardium
(en″do-kahr´de-әm) the endothelial lining membrane of the cavities of the heart and the connective tissue bed on which it lies.

endocervicitis
(en″do-sur″vĭ-si´tis) inflammation of the endocervix.

endocervix
(en″do-sur´viks) the glandular cells lining the canal of the cervix uteri. the region of the opening of the cervix uteri into the uterine cavity. adj., endocer´vical., adj.

endochondral
(en″do-kon´drәl) situated, formed, or occurring within cartilage.

endochondral bone
cartilage bone.

endochondral ossification
ossification that occurs in and replaces cartilage.

endocolitis
(en″do-ko-li´tis) inflammation of the mucous membrane of the colon.

endocranial
(en″do-kra´ne-әl) intracranial.

endocranitis
(en″do-kra-ni´tis) inflammation of endocranium.

endocranium
(en″do-kra´ne-әm) the endosteal layer of the dura mater of the brain.

endocrine
(en´do-krin) (en´do-krīn) secreting internally. pertaining to internal secretions; hormonal.

endocrine atrophy
atrophy in organs that are dependent upon endocrine stimulation for the maintenance of their normal structure, occurring when their tropic hormone stimulation diminishes or is absent.

endocrine cells of the gut
enteroendocrine cells.

endocrine fracture
fracture of a bone weakened by an endocrine disorder such as hyperparathyroidism.

endocrine glands
ductless organs or groups of cells that secrete regulatory substances (hormones) and release them directly into the circulation. The endocrine system and the nervous system are the two major control systems of the body, and their functions are interrelated. Hormonal activity is mostly concerned with regulating metabolic activit...

endocrine system
the system of glands and other structures that produce internal secretions (hormones) that are released directly into the circulatory system and influence metabolism and other body processes; see also endocrine glands.

endocrine therapy
treatment of disease by means of hormones; called also hormonal or hormone therapy.

endocrine-active adenoma
functional adenoma.

endocrine-inactive adenoma
nonfunctioning adenoma.

endocrinologic impotence
organic impotence resulting from an endocrine disorder, usually of either the gonads or the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.

endocrinologic sex
the phenotypic manifestations of sex determined by endocrine influences, such as development of breasts and genital organs.

endocrinologist
(en″do-krĭ-nol´ә-jist) a specialist in endocrinology.

endocrinology
(en″do-krĭ-nol´ә-je) the study of hormones, the endocrine system, and their role in the physiology of the body. a medical specialty concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the endocrine system.

endocrinopathy
(en″do-krĭ-nop´ә-the) any disease due to disorder of the endocrine system. adj., endocrinopath´ic., adj.

endocrinotherapy
(en″do-krĭ″no-ther´ә-pe) treatment of disease by the administration of endocrine preparations; hormonotherapy.

endocytosis
(en″do-si-to´sis) the uptake by a cell of material from the environment by invagination of the plasma membrane; it includes both phagocytosis and pinocytosis.

endoderm
(en´do-dәrm) the innermost of the three primary germ layers of the embryo; from it are derived the epithelium of the pharynx, respiratory tract (except the nose), digestive tract, bladder, and urethra. adj., endoder´mal., adj.

endodermal sinus tumor
yolk sac tumor.

endodontics
(en″do-don´tiks) the branch of dentistry concerned with the etiology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of conditions that affect the tooth pulp, root, and periapical tissues.

endodontist
(en″do-don´tist) a dentist who specializes in endodontics.

endodontium
(en″do-don´she-әm) dental pulp.

endoenteritis
(en″do-en″tә-ri´tis) inflammation of the intestinal mucosa.

endogamy
(en-dog´ә-me) fertilization by union of separate cells having the same genetic ancestry. adj., endog´amous., adj.

endogenous
(en-doj´ә-nәs) produced within or caused by factors within the organism.

endogenous depression
a type of depression caused by somatic or biological factors rather than environmental influences, in contrast to a reactive depression. It is often identified with a specific symptom complex consisting of psychomotor retardation, early morning awakening, weight loss, excessive guilt, and lack of reactivity to the environment, ...

endogenous hyperlipemia
elevated plasma lipids derived from body stores (i.e., very-low-density lipoproteins), rather than dietary sources; this usually refers to a specific hereditary type of hyperlipoproteinemia.

endogenous infection
that due to reactivation of organisms present in a dormant focus, such as in tuberculosis.

endointoxication
(en″do-in-tok″sĭ-ka´shәn) poisoning by an endogenous toxin.

endolaryngeal
(en″do-lә-rin´je-әl) situated on or occurring within the larynx.

endoleak
(en´do-leak″) the continued flow of blood into an aneurysmal sac after the aneurysm has been treated by an endoluminal graft, indicating a failed graft. Endoleaks are classified as types I–IV, depending on the cause.

endoluminal
(en″do-loo´mĭ-nәl) intraluminal.

endolymph
(en´do-limf) the fluid contained in the membranous labyrinth of the ear; it is entirely separate from the perilymph.

endolymphatic duct
a canal connecting the membranous labyrinth of the ear with the endolymphatic sac.

endolymphatic sac
the blind, flattened cerebral end of the endolymphatic duct.

endolysin
(en-dol´ĭ-sin) a bactericidal substance in cells; acting directly on bacteria.

endometrial ablation
removal of the endometrium; methods used include radiofrequency, electrical energy, lasers, and hot and cold liquids.

endometrial atrophy
atrophy of the endometrium, occurring physiologically at menopause or pathologically before menopause and accompanied by absence of menstrual flow and shrinkage of the uterus.

endometrial carcinoma
carcinoma of the endometrium of the corpus uteri, one of the most common gynecological cancers, mainly affecting postmenopausal women; a common symptom is abnormal vaginal bleeding. It includes types ranging in malignancy from locally invasive to metastasizing.

endometrial stromal sarcoma
a pale, polypoid, fleshy, malignant tumor of the endometrial stroma.

endometrioid adenocarcinoma
the most common form of endometrioid carcinoma, containing tumor cells differentiated into glandular tissue with little or no stroma.

endometrioid carcinoma
that characterized by glandular patterns resembling those of the endometrium, occurring in the uterine fundus and ovaries.

endometrioid tumor
a type of borderline ovarian tumor that contains elements resembling endometrium.

endometriosis
(en″do-me″tre-o´sis) a condition in which tissue more or less perfectly resembling the endometrium occurs outside the uterine cavity, usually in the pelvic cavity; the cause is unknown. adj., endometriot´ic., adj.

endometritis
(en″do-me-tri´tis) inflammation of the endometrium. postpartum endometritis , puerperal endometritis endometritis following childbirth, often a precursor of puerperal fever. syncytial endometritis a benign tumorlike lesion with infilt...

endometrium
(en″do-me´tre-әm) pl. endome´tria the mucous membrane lining the uterus. adj., endome´trial., adj.

endomitosis
(en″do-mi-to´sis) mitosis taking place without dissolution of the nuclear membrane, and not followed by cytoplasmic division, resulting in doubling of the number of chromosomes within the nucleus. adj., endomitot´ic., adj.

endomorph
(en´do-morf) an individual having a type of body build in which endodermal tissues predominate: there is relative preponderance of soft roundness throughout the body, with large digestive viscera and fat accumulations, and with large trunk and thighs and tapering extremities.

endomorphy
(en´do-mor″fe) the condition of being an endomorph. adj., endomor´phic., adj.

endomyocardial fibrosis
an idiopathic type of myocardiopathy that is endemic in various parts of Africa and rarely in other areas, characterized by enlargement of the heart, thickening of the endocardium with dense white fibrous tissue that may extend to involve the inner myocardium, and by congestive heart failure.

endomyocarditis
(en″do-mi″o-kahr-di´tis) inflammation of the endocardium and myocardium.

endomysium
(en″do-mis´e-әm) the sheath of delicate reticular fibrils that surrounds each muscle fiber.

endoneuritis
(en″do-ndbobr-ri´tis) inflammation of the endoneurium.

endoneurium
(en″do-noor´e-um) the interstitial connective tissue in a peripheral nerve, separating individual nerve fibers. Called also Henle sheath and sheath of Key and Retzius. adj., endoneu´rial., adj.

endonuclease
(en″do-noo´kle-ās) an enzyme that cleaves internal bonds of polynucleotides. restriction endonucleases enzymes that cleave large DNA molecules at specific sequences of four to six nucleotides. See also recombinant DNA technology.

endoparasite
(en″do-par´ә-sīt) a parasite that lives within the body of the host. adj., endoparasit´ic., adj.

endopelvic
(en″do-pel´vik) within the pelvis.

endopeptidase
(en″do-pep´tĭ-dās) any peptidase that catalyzes the cleavage of internal bonds in a polypeptide or protein. Inhibition of the action of endopeptidases (proteases) in viruses causes formation of noninfectious particles; certain antiviral drugs work in this way (see protease inhibitors). Called also protea...

endopericarditis
(en″do-per″ĭ-kahr-di´tis) inflammation of the endocardium and pericardium.

endoperimyocarditis
(en″do-per″ĭ-mi″o-kahr-di´tis) inflammation of the endocardium, pericardium, and myocardium.

endoperitonitis
(en″do-per″ĭ-to-ni´tis) inflammation of the serous lining of the peritoneal cavity.

endophlebitis
(en″do-flә-bi´tis) inflammation of the tunica intima of a vein.

endophthalmitis
(en″dof-thәl-mi´tis) inflammation of the ocular cavities and their adjacent structures.

endophyte
(en´do-fīt) a parasitic plant organism living within its host's body.

endophytic
(en″do-fit´ik) pertaining to an endophyte. growing inward; proliferating on the interior of an organ or structure.

endoprosthesis
(en″do-pros-the´sis) a prosthesis placed entirely within the body, such as in arthroplasty. a hollow stent, such as one inserted into a bile duct to allow internal biliary drainage across an obstruction.

endopyelotomy
(en″do-pi″ә-lot´ә-me) an incision procedure to correct a stenosed ureteropelvic junction by cutting from within using an instrument inserted through an endoscope.

endoreduplication
(en″do-re-doo″plĭ-ka´shәn) replication of chromosomes without subsequent cell division.

endorphin
(en-dor´fin) (en´dor-fin) one of a group of opiate-like peptides produced naturally by the body at neural synapses at various points in the central nervous system pathways, where they modulate the transmission of pain perceptions. The term endorphin was coined by combining the words endogenous and morph...