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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

Damus-Kaye-Stancel procedure
A procedure for subaortic stenosis, entails the creation of an end-to-side pulmonary trunk/aortic anastomosis, performed along with a Fontan procedure, particularly for patients with a double inlet left ventricle. ... Synonym: Damus-Stancel-Kaye anastomosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Damus-Stancel-Kaye anastomosis
Synonym for Damus-Kaye-Stancel procedure ... A procedure for subaortic stenosis, entails the creation of an end-to-side pulmonary trunk/aortic anastomosis, performed along with a Fontan procedure, particularly for patients with a double inlet left ventricle. ... Synonym: Damus-Stancel-Kaye anastomosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dan
A title of honor equivalent to master, or sir. 'Old Dan Geoffry, in gently spright The pure wellhead of poetry did dwell.' (Spenser) 'What time Dan Abraham left the Chaldee land.' (Thomson) ... Origin: OE. Dan, danz, OF. Danz (prop. Only nom), dan, master, fr. L. Dominus. See Dame. ... <chemical> A small truck or sledge used in coal mines. ... O …

Dana, Charles
<person> U.S. Neurologist, 1852-1935. ... See: Dana's operation, Putnam-Dana syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dana's operation
Synonym for posterior rhizotomy ... <procedure> Section of posterior spinal root. ... Synonym: Dana's operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

danazol
<drug> A synthetic androgen frequently prescribed for endometriosis. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

dance
1. To move with measured steps, or to a musical accompaniment; to go through, either alone or in company with others, with a regulated succession of movements, (commonly) to the sound of music; to trip or leap rhytmically. 'Jack shall pipe and Gill shall dance.' (Wiher) 'Good shepherd, what fair swain is this Which dances with your dauther?' (Shak) …

dance therapy
The use of dancing for therapeutic purposes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Dance, Jean
<person> French physician, 1797-1832. ... See: Dance's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dance's sign
<clinical sign> A slight retraction in the neighborhood of the right iliac fossa in some cases of intussusception. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dancing
Rhythmic and patterned body movements which are usually performed to music. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dancing chorea
Synonym for procursive chorea ... A form in which the patient whirls around, runs forward, or exercises a sort of rhythmic dancing movement. ... Synonym: dancing chorea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dancing spasm
Synonym for saltatory spasm ... A spasmodic affection of the muscles of the lower extremities. ... Synonym: Bamberger's disease, dancing spasm, Gowers disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dander
1. A fine scaling of the skin and scalp. ... See: dandruff. ... 2. A normal effluvium of animal hair or coat capable of causing allergic responses in atopic persons. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

danders
Tiny scales shed from human or animal skin or hair. Danders float in the air, settle on surfaces and make up much household dust. Cat danders are a classic cause of allergic reactions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dandruff
<dermatology> Dried skin that flakes free from the scalp. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

dandy
Origin: Cf. F. Dandin, ninny, silly fellow, dandiner to waddle, to play the fool; prob. Allied to E. Dandle. Senses 2&3 are of uncertain etymol. ... 1. One who affects special finery or gives undue attention to dress; a fop; a coxcomb. ... 2. A sloop or cutter with a jigger on which a lugsail is set. A small sail carried at or near the stern of s …

dandy fever
Synonym for dengue ... Tropical disease caused by a flavivirus (one of the arboviruses), transmitted by mosquitoes. A more serious complication is dengue shock syndrome, a haemorrhagic fever probably caused by an immune complex hypersensitivity after re exposure. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Dandy operation
More specifically see: third ventriculostomy, trigeminal rhizotomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dandy-Walker syndrome
<syndrome> Obstruction of foramina of Luschka and Magendie, enlarged 4th ventricle, hypoplastic vermis and cerebellum associated with: agenesis of corpus callosum, encephalocele ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Dandy, Walter
<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1886-1946. ... See: Dandy operation, Dandy-Walker syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dane particle
<virology> 42 nm spherical particle, the complete infective virion of hepatitis B containing a 27 nm core antigen. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

Dane, D
<person> 20th century British virologist. ... See: Dane particles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dane's stain
<technique> A stain for prekeratin, keratin, and mucin which employs haemalum, phloxine, Alcian blue, and orange G; nuclei appear orange to brown, acid mucopolysaccharides pale blue, and keratins orange to red-orange. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Danforth, William
<person> U.S. Obstetrician-gynecologist, 1878-1949. ... See: Danforth's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Danforth's sign
<clinical sign> Shoulder pain on inspiration, due to irritation of the diaphragm by a haemoperitoneum in ruptured ectopic pregnancy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

danger
1. Authority; jurisdiction; control. 'In dangerhad he . . . The young girls.' (Chaucer) ... 2. Power to harm; subjection or liability to penalty. See In one's danger, below. 'You stand within his danger, do you not?' (Shak) 'Covetousness of gains hath brought [them] in dangerof this statute.' (Robynson (More's Utopia)) ... 3. Exposure to injury, loss …

dangerous behaviour
Actions which have a high risk of being harmful or injurious to oneself or others. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Danielssen-Boeck disease
Synonym for anaesthetic leprosy ... A form of leprosy chiefly affecting the nerves, marked by hyperesthesia succeeded by anaesthesia, and by paralysis, ulceration, and various trophic disturbances, terminating in gangrene and mutilation. ... Synonym: Danielssen's disease, Danielssen-Boeck disease, dry leprosy, trophoneurotic leprosy. ... (05 Mar 2000) …

Danielssen, Daniel
<person> Norwegian physician, 1815-1894. ... See: Danielssen's disease, Danielssen-Boeck disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Danielssen's disease
Synonym for anaesthetic leprosy ... A form of leprosy chiefly affecting the nerves, marked by hyperesthesia succeeded by anaesthesia, and by paralysis, ulceration, and various trophic disturbances, terminating in gangrene and mutilation. ... Synonym: Danielssen's disease, Danielssen-Boeck disease, dry leprosy, trophoneurotic leprosy. ... (05 Mar 2000) …

danish
<zoology> Danish dog, one of a large and powerful breed of dogs reared in Denmark also called a great Dane. ... Belonging to the Danes, or to their language or country. The language of the Danes. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

Danlos, Henri
<person> French dermatologist, 1844-1912. ... See: Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

DANS
<abbreviation> 1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulfonic acid; a green fluorescing compound used in immunohistochemistry to detect antigens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dansyl
The 5-dimethylaminonaphthalene-1-sulfonyl radical;a blocking agent for NH2 groups, used in peptide synthesis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dansyl chloride
<chemical> A strongly fluorescent compound that will react with the terminal amino group of a protein. After acid hydrolysis of all the other peptide bonds, the terminal amino acid is identifiable as the dansylated residue. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

dansyl compounds
<chemical> Compounds that contain a 1-dimethylaminonaphthalene-5-sulfonyl group. ... Pharmacological action: indicators and reagents. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

danthron
1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone;an anthraquinone laxative. ... Synonym: chrysazine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dantrolene
<chemical> Skeletal muscle relaxant that acts by interfering with excitation-contraction coupling in the muscle fibre. It is used in spasticity and other neuromuscular abnormalities. Although the mechanism of action is probably not central, dantrolene is usually grouped with the central muscle relaxants. ... Pharmacological action: muscle rela …

dantrolene sodium
1-[5-(p-Nitrophenyl)furfurylidene]aminohydantoin sodium hydrate;a synthetic skeletal muscle relaxant which acts directly on muscle by uncoupling electrical from mechanical events; also, the specific agent for prevention and treatment of malignant hyperthermia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Danysz
Jean, Polish pathologist in France, 1860-1928. ... See: Danysz phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Danysz phenomenon
Reduction of the neutralizing effect of an antitoxin when toxin is mixed with it in divided portions, rather than adding the same total quantity of toxin in one step. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

DAP kinase
<enzyme> A potential mediator of the gamma interferon-induced cell death; has 8 ankyrin repeats; mw 160 kD; genbank x76105 ... Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

DAPI
<abbreviation> 4'6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-2HCl, a fluorescent probe for DNA. ... See: DAPI stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

DAPI stain
<technique> A sensitive fluorescent probe for DNA, 4'6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-2HCl, used in fluorescence microscopy to detect DNA in yeast mitochondria, chloroplasts, viruses, mycoplasma, and chromosomes; DNA is visualised in vitally stained living cells and after cells are fixed in formaldehyde. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dapsone
<drug> Related to the sulphonamides (diaminodiphenyl sulphone) that is used to treat leprosy (of which the causative agent is Mycobacterium leprae). May act by inhibiting folate synthesis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

dapsone neuropathy
A peripheral neuropathy that develops in patients taking dapsone (4,4-diaminodiphenylsulfone); unusual features include being a pure motor neuropathy, and beginning in the hands, sometimes asymmetrically. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

daptomycin
<chemical> A lipopeptide antibiotic that inhibits gram-positive bacteria. ... Pharmacological action: antibiotics, peptide. ... Chemical name: Daptomycin ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dare
To have adequate or sufficient courage for any purpose; to be bold or venturesome; not to be afraid; to venture. 'I dare do all that may become a man; who dares do more is none.' (Shak) 'Why then did not the ministers use their new law? Bacause they durst not, because they could not.' (Macaulay) 'Who dared to sully her sweet love with suspicion.' ( …

Darier
Jean F., French dermatologist, 1856-1938. ... See: Darier's disease, Darier's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Darier's disease
Synonym for keratosis follicularis ... A slowly progressive autosomal dominant disorder of keratinization characterised by pinkish-to-tan papules that coalesce to form plaques. These lesions become darker over time and commonly fuse, forming papillomatous and warty malodorous growths. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Darier's sign
<clinical sign> Urtication on stroking of cutaneous lesions of urticaria pigmentosa (mastocytosis). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dark adaptation
The adjustment of the eye occurring under reduced illumination in which the sensitivity to light is greatly increased or the light threshold is greatly reduced. ... Dark adaptation is slower than light adaptation. During dark adaptation rhodopsin is built up in the retinal rods. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

dark cell
Cell's in eccrine sweat glands having many ribosomes and mucoid secretory granules. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dark current
<physiology> Current caused by constant influx of sodium ions into the rod outer segment of retinal photoreceptors and that is blocked by light (leading to hyperpolarization). ... The plasma membrane sodium channel is controlled through a cascade of amplification reactions initiated by photon capture by rhodopsin in the disc membrane. ... (18 N …

dark field illumination
<microscopy> Any method of illumination which illuminates the specimen but does not admit light directly to the objective. It may be by substage (dark field) condensers, by stagespot lighting, by special condensers fitted around special objectives for reflected illumination or by the slit ultramicroscope. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

dark field imaging
<microscopy> Using a single diffracted beam to form the image in a transmission electron microscope. This causes all regions of the specimen not of the same crystal structure and orientation as the region which produced the diffracted beam to be represented as very dark in the final image, allowing phase differentiation visually in the transm …

dark field microscopy
<procedure> A system of microscopy in which particles are illuminated at a very low angle from the side so that the background appears dark and the objects are seen by diffracted and reflected patches of light against a dark background. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

dark field objective
<microscopy> Certain objectives for high-power, dark fieldwork equipped with iris diaphragms or funnel stops so that their apertures may be reduced to correspond to the dark field con-denser with which they are used. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

dark field slides
<microscopy> Owing to the exacting demands of dark field illumination, not only must the microscope slide be especially clean, but also the glass of which the slide is composed must be optically clear under dark field conditions. The glass should not fluoresce. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

dark field stop
<microscopy> A central stop for obtaining a dark field effect for low-power objectives. It is customarily used with a high numerical aperture, bright field condenser. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

dark reaction
<biochemistry, plant biology> The reactions in photosynthesis that occur after NADPH and ATP production and that take place in the stroma of the chloroplast. ... By means of the reaction, carbon dioxide is incorporated into carbohydrate. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

dark t2 lesion
<radiology> (short T2), acute haemorrhage (deoxyHb), haemosiderin, physiologic iron (basal ganglia, etc.), mucinous lesions (?) most abnormalities have long T1 and T2 (dark/bright). ... Compare: bright T1 lesion. ... (07 Mar 2000) ...

dark-adapted eye
An eye that has been in darkness or semidarkness and has undergone regeneration of rhodopsin (visual purple), which renders it more sensitive to reduced illumination. ... Synonym: scotopic eye. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dark-field condenser
An apparatus for throwing reflected light through the microscope field, so that only the object to be examined is illuminated, the field itself being dark. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dark-field microscope
<instrument> A microscope that has a special condenser and objective with a diaphragm or stop that scatters light from the object observed, with the result that the object appears bright on a dark background. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dark-ground illumination
dark-field illumination ...

Darkschewitsch
(Darkshevich) ... Li verij O., Russian neurologist, 1858-1925. ... See: nucleus of Darkschewitsch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Darling, Samuel Taylor
<person> U.S. Physician in Panama, 1872-1925. ... See: Darling's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Darling's disease
Synonym for histoplasmosis ... A fungal disease that is rarely a significant problem in those with a normal functioning immune system. This infection is more common in the southeastern, midatlantic and central states. The vast majority of infections are either asymptomatic or mild and the diagnosis can be difficult. Cough, fever, malaise and typical …

darn
1. To mend as a rent or hole, with interlacing stitches of yarn or thread by means of a needle; to sew together with yarn or thread. 'He spent every day ten hours in his closet, in darning his stockins.' (Swift) Darning needle. A long, strong needle for mending holes or rents, especially in stockings. ... 2. <zoology> Any species of dragon fly …

darnel
<botany> Any grass of the genus Lolium, especially. The Lolium temulentum (bearded darnel), the grains of which have been reputed poisonous. Other species, as Lolium perenne (rye grass or ray grass), and its variety L. Italicum (Italian rye grass), are highly esteemed for pasture and for making hay. ... Under darnel our early herbalists compre …

Darrow red
A basic oxazin dye, C18H14N3O2Cl, used as a substitute for cresyl violet acetate in the staining of Nissl substance. ... Origin: Mary A. Darrow, U.S. Stain technologist, 1894-1973 ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dart
1. <zoology> A fish; the dace. See Dace. ... 2. <zoology> Dart sac, a sac connected with the reproductive organs of land snails, which contains a dart, or arrowlike structure. ... (07 Mar 2000) ...

darter
1. One who darts, or who throw darts; that which darts. ... 2. <zoology> The snakebird, a water bird of the genus Plotus; so called because it darts out its long, snakelike neck at its prey. See Snakebird. ... 3. <zoology> A small fresh water etheostomoid fish. The group includes numerous genera and species, all of them American. See Ethe …

dartoic tissue
Tissue resembling tunica dartos. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dartos fascia
A layer of smooth muscular tissue in the integument of the scrotum. ... See: dartos muliebris. ... Synonym: tunica dartos, dartos muscle, membrana carnosa, tunica carnea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dartos muscle
Synonym for dartos fascia ... A layer of smooth muscular tissue in the integument of the scrotum. ... See: dartos muliebris. ... Synonym: tunica dartos, dartos muscle, membrana carnosa, tunica carnea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

dartrous
<medicine> Relating to, or partaking of the nature of, the disease called tetter; herpetic. Dartroud diathesis, A morbid condition of the system predisposing to the development of certain skin deseases, such as eczema, psoriasis, and pityriasis. Also called rheumic diathesis, and hipretism. ... Origin: F. Dartreux. See Dartars. ... Source: Webs …

Darwin
Charles R., English biologist and evolutionist, 1809-1882. ... See: darwinian ear, Darwinian evolution, darwinian reflex, darwinian theory, darwinian tubercle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

darwinian
Pertaining to Darwin; as, the Darwinian theory, a theory of the manner and cause of the supposed development of living things from certain original forms or elements. ... This theory was put forth by Darwin in 1859 in a work entitled 'The Origin of species by Means of Natural Selection.' The author argues that, in the struggle for existence, those p …

darwinian ear
An auricle in which the upper border is not rolled over to form the helix, but projects upward as a flat, sharp edge. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Darwinian evolution
The proposition that the phylogeny of all species is wholly ascribable to the combined effects of random variation (mutation) in genotypes of the members of a stock as a result of the operation of undirected accidents with consequences to their phenotypes and the operation of preferential (but by no means certain) survival of those resulting phenot …

darwinian reflex
The tendency of young infants to grasp a bar and hang suspended. ... Compare: grasping reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

darwinian theory
The theory of the origin of species and of the development of higher organisms from lower forms through natural selection (survival of the fittest in the struggle for existence), and of the evolution of humans from an ancestor common to himself and the apes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

darwinian tubercle
Synonym for auricular tubercle ... A small projection from the upper end of the posterior portion of the incurved free margin of the helix. ... Synonym: tuberculum auriculae, darwinian tubercle, tuberculum superius. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Dasyprocta
A genus of rodents of the guinea pig family, a reservoir host of Trypanosoma cruzi. ... Synonym: agouti. ... Origin: G. Dasyproktos, having hairy buttocks ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

data
Multiple facts (usually but not necessarily empirical) used as a basis for inference, testing, models, etc. The word is plural and takes a plural verb. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

data collection
Systematic gathering of data for a particular purpose from various sources, including questionnaires, interviews, observation, existing records, and electronic devices. The process is usually preliminary to statistical analysis of the data. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

data display
The visual display of data in a man-machine system. An example is a cathode ray tube display in which certain data can be called for from the computer and presented on the screen. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

data interpretation, statistical
Application of statistical procedures to analyze specific observed or assumed facts from a particular study. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

data processing
Conversion of crude information into usable or storable form; statistical analysis of data by a computer program. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

database
A structured file of information or a set of logically related data stored and retrieved using computer-based means. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

database management systems
Software designed to store, manipulate, manage, and control data for specific uses. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

databases
Organised collections of computer records, standardised in format and content, that are stored in any of a variety of computer-readable modes. They are the basic sets of data from which computer-readable files are created. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

databases, bibliographic
Extensive collections, reputedly complete, of references and citations to books, articles, publications, etc., generally on a single subject or specialised subject area. Databases can operate through automated files, libraries, or computer disks. The concept should be differentiated from databases, factual which is used for collections of data and …

databases, factual
Extensive collections, reputedly complete, of facts and data garnered from material of a specialised subject area and made available for analysis and application. The collection can be automated by various contemporary methods for retrieval. The concept should be differentiated from databases, bibliographic which is restricted to collections of bib …

dataria
Formerly, a part of the Roman chancery; now, a separate office from which are sent graces or favors, cognizable in foro externo, such as appointments to benefices. The name is derived from the word datum, given or dated (with the indications of the time and place of granting the gift or favor). ... Origin: LL, fr. L. Datum given. ... Source: Websters …

date
1. To note the time of writing or executing; to express in an instrument the time of its execution; as, to date a letter, a bond, a deed, or a charter. ... 2. To note or fix the time of, as of an event; to give the date of; as, to date the building of the pyramids. ... We may say dated at or from a place. 'The letter is dated at Philadephia.' (G. T. …

date boil
The lesion occurring in cutaneous leishmaniasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...