Copy of `mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary`
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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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date feverSynonym for dengue ... Tropical disease caused by a flavivirus (one of the arboviruses), transmitted by mosquitoes. A more serious complication is dengue shock syndrome, a haemorrhagic fever probably caused by an immune complex hypersensitivity after re exposure. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
datum<marine biology> A base elevation used as a reference from which to reckon heights and depths. It is called a tidal datum when defined by a certain plane of the tide. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
datum planeAn arbitrary plane used as a base from which to make craniometric measurements. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
datura<botany> A genus of solanaceous plants, with large funnel-shaped flowers and a four-celled, capsular fruit. ... The commonest species are the thorn apple (D. Stramonium), with a prickly capsule, white flowers and green stem, and D. Tatula, with a purplish tinge of the stem and flowers. Both are narcotic and dangerously poisonous. ... Origin: NL …
Datura poisoningPoisoning resulting from ingestion of plants of the genus Datura; symptoms are parasympatholytic in nature and in severe poisoning include central nervous system depression, circulatory failure, and respiratory depression. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Daubenton(D'Aubenton) ... Louis J.M., French physician, 1716-1799. ... See: Daubenton's angle, Daubenton's line, Daubenton's plane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Daubenton's angleAn angle formed by the junction, at the opisthion, of lines coming from the basion and from the projection in the median plane of the lower border of the orbits. ... See: Daubenton's line, Daubenton's plane. ... Synonym: angulus occipitalis ossis parietalis, occipital angle of parietal bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Daubenton's lineThe line passing between the opisthion and the basion. ... See: Daubenton's angle, Daubenton's plane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Daubenton's planeThe plane of the foramen magnum. ... See: Daubenton's angle, Daubenton's line. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
DauerschlafRarely used term for prolonged sleep induced by drugs as a treatment for certain mental disorders. ... Origin: Ger. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
daughterOrigin: OE. Doughter, doghter, dohter, AS. Dohtor, dohter; akin to OS. Dohtar, D. Dochter, G. Tochter, Icel. Dtir, Sw. Dotter, Dan. Dotter, datter, Goth. Daohtar, OSlav. Dshti, Russ. Doche, Lith. Dukt, Gr, Zen. Dughdhar, Skr. Duhit; possibly originally, the milker, cf. Skr. Duh to milk, 245. ... 1. The female offspring of the human species; a female …
daughter cellOne of the two or more cell's formed in the division of a parent cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
daughter colonyA secondary colony growing on the surface of an older colony; it is smaller and may have characteristics different from those of the mother colony. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
daughter cystA secondary cyst, usually multiple, derived from a mother cyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
daughter isotopeAn element produced by radioactive decay of another. ... See: radionuclide generator, cow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
daughter starOne of the figures forming the diaster. ... Synonym: polar star. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
daunomycinSynonym for daunorubicin ... <chemical> Very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antibiotic isolated from streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of leukaemias and other neoplasms. ... Pharmacological action: antibiotics, anthracycline. ... Chemical name: 5,12-Naphthacenedione, 8-acetyl-10-((3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopy …
daunorubicin<chemical> Very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antibiotic isolated from streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of leukaemias and other neoplasms. ... Pharmacological action: antibiotics, anthracycline. ... Chemical name: 5,12-Naphthacenedione, 8-acetyl-10-((3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-alpha-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)oxy)-7,8,9,10-tetrah …
daunoxome<drug> A chemotherapy for Kaposi's sarcoma consisting of a preparation of daunorubicin encapsulated in liposomes. DaunoXome's main side effect is neutropenia, which can be managed with G-CSF (Neupogen). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
daunt1. To overcome; to conquer. ... 2. To repress or subdue the courage of; to check by fear of danger; to cow; to intimidate; to dishearten. 'Some presences daunt and discourage us.' (Glanvill) ... Synonym: To dismay, appall. See Dismay. ... Origin: OF. Danter, F. Dompter to tame, subdue, fr. L. Domitare, v. Intens. Of domare to tame. See Tame. ... Source …
David BaltimoreSynonym for Baltimore, David ... <person> Born 1938. An American molecular biologist and virologist who won the Nobel Prize in 1975 for discovering that retroviruses (a group of viruses that uses RNA to code their genomes instead of DNA) make the enzyme reverse transcriptase, which is used to make DNA copies of RNA templates. ... This is useful …
Davidoff, M. von<person> German histologist, +1904. ... See: Davidoff's cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Davidoff's cellsSynonym for Paneth's granular cells ... Cell's, located at the base of intestinal glands of the small intestine, which contain large acidophilic refractile granules and may produce lysozyme. ... Synonym: Davidoff's cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Davidson syringeA rubber tube, armed with an appropriate nozzle, intersected with a compressible bulb, with valves so arranged that compression forces the fluid, into which one end of the tube is inserted, forward to the nozzle end. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Davidson, Edward<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1894-1933. ... See: Davidson syringe. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Daviel, Jacques<person> French oculist, 1696-1762. ... See: Daviel's operation, Daviel's spoon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Daviel's operationExtracapsular cataract extraction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Daviel's spoonA small oval-shaped instrument for removing the remains of a cataract after discission. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Davies, J<person> U.S. Pathologist, *1915. ... See: Davies' disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Davies' diseaseSynonym for endomyocardial fibrosis ... A disease characterised by thickening of the endocardium, and frequently the inner third of the myocardium. The left ventricle is most frequently involved. Cardiomegaly and congestive heart failure may also be present. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Davis graftsSmall pieces (2 to 3 mm) of full-thickness skin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Davis interlocking soundA sound comprised of two instruments with curved male and female tips, used to introduce a catheter into the bladder in the treatment of ruptured urethra; the male sound is introduced into the distal urethra via the meatus and the female sound is passed downward through the bladder neck into the proximal urethra via an open cystotomy; the ends of t …
Davis shutter<microscopy> A fitting with a small iris diaphragm, attached above a low-power objective for reducing the aperture. In this way depth of field can be increased for the photomicrography of objects illuminated by incident light. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...
Davis-Crowe mouth gagInstrument used for opening the mouth, depressing the tongue, maintaining the airway, and transmitting volatile anaesthetics during tonsillectomy or oropharyngeal surgery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Davis, John<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1872-1946. ... See: Davis grafts, Davis-Crowe mouth gag. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
davitA spar formerly used on board of ships, as a crane to hoist the flukes of the anchor to the top of the bow, without injuring the sides of the ship; called also the fish davit. ... Curved arms of timber or iron, projecting over a ship's side of stern, having tackle to raise or lower a boat, swing it in on deck, rig it out for lowering, etc.; called a …
davy jonesThe spirit of the sea; sea devil; a term used by sailors. 'This same Davy Jones, according to the mythology of sailors, is the fiend that presides over all the evil spirits of the deep, and is seen in various shapes warning the devoted wretch of death and woe.' (Smollett) Davy Jones's Locker, the ocean, or bottom of the ocean. Gone to Davy Jones's …
davyum<chemistry, element> A rare metallic element found in platinum ore. It is a white malleable substance. ... Atomic weight: 154 ... Abbreviation: Da ... Origin: Named after Sir Humphry Davy, the English chemist. ... (30 Mar 1998) ...
daw<zoology> A European bird of the Crow family (Corvus monedula), often nesting in church towers and ruins; a jackdaw. 'The loud daw, his throat displaying, draw The whole assembly of his fellow daws.' (Waller) ... The daw was reckoned as a silly bird, and a daw meant a simpleton. See in Shakespeare: 'Then thou dwellest with daws too.' ... Origin …
Dawbarn, Robert<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1860-1915. ... See: Dawbarn's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Dawbarn's sign<clinical sign> Pain of subacromial bursitis disappears when the arm is abducted. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
dawn phenomenonAbrupt increases in fasting levels of plasma glucose concentrations between 5 and 9 a.m., in the absence of antecedent hypoglycaemia; occurs in diabetic patients receiving insulin therapy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Dawson, James<person> U.S. Pathologist, *1908. ... See: Dawson's encephalitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Dawson's encephalitisSynonym for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis ... <neurology> Chronic progressive illness seen in children a few years after measles infection and involving demyelination of the cerebral cortex. Virus apparently persists in brain cells: usually considered a slow virus disease. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
day1. The time of light, or interval between one night and the next; the time between sunrise and sunset, or from dawn to darkness; hence, the light; sunshine. ... 2. The period of the earth's revolution on its axis. Ordinarily divided into twenty-four hours. It is measured by the interval between two successive transits of a celestial body over the sa …
day blindnessSynonym for haemralopia ... <ophthalmology> Day blindness, defective vision in a bright light. ... Origin: Gr. Hemera = day, alaos = blind ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
day careInstitutional health care of patients during the day. The patients return home at night. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
day hospitalA special facility, or an arrangement within a hospital setting, that enables the patient to come to the hospital for treatment during the day and return home or to another facility at night. ... Compare: night hospital. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
day lily<botany> A genus of plants (Hemerocallis) closely resembling true lilies, but having tuberous rootstocks instead of bulbs. The common species have long narrow leaves and either yellow or tawny-orange flowers. ... A genus of plants (Funkia) differing from the last in having ovate veiny leaves, and large white or blue flowers. ... Source: Webster …
day neutral plant<botany> Plants that flower regardless of day length. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
day residuePsychoanalytic term for a dream related to an experience of the previous day. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
day sightSynonym for nyctalopia ... Night blindness or difficulty in seeing at night. Symptom of vitamin A deficiency. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
day-star1. The morning star; the star which ushers in the day. 'A dark place, until the day dawn, and the day-star arise in your hearts.' (2 Peter i. 19) ... 2. The sun, as the orb of day. 'So sinks the day-star in the ocean bed, And yet anon repairs his drooping head, And tricks his beams, and with new-spangled ore Flames in the forehead of the morning sky …
Day, Richard<person> U.S. Physician, 1813-1892. ... See: Day's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Day, Richard L<person> U.S. Paediatrician, *1905. ... See: Riley-Day syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Day's testA test for blood by adding to the suspected fluid, or the washing of a suspected stain, tincture of guaiac and then hydrogen peroxide; the presence of blood results in a blue colour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
dazzle1. To overpower with light; to confuse the sight of by brilliance of light. 'Those heavenly shapes Will dazzle now the earthly, with their blaze Insufferably bright.' (Milton) 'An unreflected light did never yet Dazzle the vision feminine.' (Sir H. Taylor) ... 2. To bewilder or surprise with brilliancy or display of any kind. 'Dazzled and drove back …
dazzlingThe consequence of illumination too intense for adaptation by the eye; in contrast to glare, dazzling is alleviated by appropriate tinted glasses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
dazzling glareGlare produced by excessive illumination in the peripheral field. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
dB<abbreviation> Decibel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
dbl<oncogene> Human oncogene of unknown function. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
DC<abbreviation> Direct current. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
dcmp deaminase<enzyme> An enzyme that catalyses the hydrolytic deamination of deoxycytidylic acid to deoxyuridylic acid and ammonia. It plays an important role in the regulation of the pool of deoxynucleotides in higher organisms. The enzyme also acts on some 5-substituted deoxycytidylic acids. ... Chemical name: dCMP aminohydrolase ... Registry number: EC 3 …
DCP-1 protease<enzyme> A drosophila cell death protease essential for development; amino acid sequence given in first source ... Registry number: EC 3.4.22.- ... Synonym: dcp-1 gene product, drosophila caspase-1 ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
DD-carboxypeptidase-endopeptidase<enzyme> Hydrolyzes c-terminal d-ala-d-peptide, where second amino acid can vary ... Registry number: EC 3.4.15.- ... Synonym: dacf protein ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
ddc<drug> A nucleoside analogue that inhibits infection of new cells by HIV. ... It is FDA-approved for the treatment of HIV when used in combination with AZT in patients with CD4 cell counts below 300 who have deteriorated despite treatment and as monotherapy following AZT-failure. ... Possible side effects include nerve damage in the hands and f …
ddd<chemical> An organochlorine insecticide that is slightly irritating to the skin. (from merck index, 11th ed, p482) ... Pharmacological action: insecticide, organochlorine. ... Chemical name: Benzene, 1,1'-(2,2-dichloroethylidene)bis(4-chloro- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
dde<chemical> An organochlorine pesticide, it is the ethylene metabolite of ddt. ... Pharmacological action: insecticide, organochlorine. ... Chemical name: Benzene, 1,1'-(dichloroethenylidene)bis(4-chloro- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
ddl<drug> A nucleoside analogue that inhibits infection of new cells by HIV. ... FDA-approved for individuals intolerant to or failing on AZT and for people who have taken AZT for sixteen weeks or more. ... Side effects can include nerve damage in the hands and feet (peripheral neuropathy), damage to the pancreas (pancreatitis) and diarrhoea. ... ( …
DDT<chemical> This chlorinated organic insecticide was discovered by Swiss chemist Paul Muller in 1939. ... DDT has been especially useful in controlling mosquitos that carry malaria, but some strains of the insects have become resistant to it. DDT has comparatively low acute toxicity in humans (it is thought to cause cancer), but it persists for …
de Bordeau theoryThat each organ of the body manufactured a specific humor which it secreted into the bloodstream. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de ClerambaultG., French psychiatrist, 1872-1934. ... See: de Clerambault syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de Clerambault syndrome<syndrome> Erotomania accompanied by the delusional belief that a certain person is in love with you. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de LangeCornelia, Dutch paediatrician, 1871-1950. ... See: de Lange syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de Lange syndrome<syndrome> A congenital anomaly characterised by impaired development, mental retardation, characteristic facies with snyophrys and hairline well down on forehead, depressed bridge of nose with uptilted tip of nose, small head with low-set ears, and flat spadelike hands with simian crease and short tapering fingers. ... Synonym: Amsterdam synd …
de lange's syndrome<syndrome> A congenital syndrome in which severe mental retardation is associated with many abnormalities, including short stature (amsterdam dwarf), brachycephaly, low-set ears, webbed neck, carp mouth, depressed bridge of the nose with the end tilted up and forward-directed nostrils, bushy eyebrows meeting at the midline, unruly coarse hair …
De Morgan, Campbell<person> English physician, 1811-1876. ... See: De Morgan's spots. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
De Morgan's spotsSynonym for senile haemangioma ... <tumour> A red papule due to weakening of the capillary wall, seen mostly in persons over 30 years of age. ... Synonym: cherry angioma, De Morgan's spots, ruby spots. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de Morsier, G<person> 20th century Swiss neurologist. ... See: de Morsier's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de Morsier's syndromeSynonym for septo-optic dysplasia ... <radiology> Blindness, hypopituitarism, hypoplastic optic nerves, optic chiasm rotated 90 degrees, bulbous 3rd ventricle, CT findings: absent septum pellucidum, small optic nerves ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
de Musset's signSynonym for Musset's sign ... <clinical sign> In incompetence of the aortic valve, rhythmical nodding of the head, synchronous with the heart beat. ... Synonym: de Musset's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de novoAnew; often applied to particular biochemical pathways in which metabolites are newly biosynthesised (e.g., de novo purine biosynthesis). ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de novo pathway<biochemistry> A pathway for synthesising a biomolecule from simple precursor molecules. ... Compare: salvage pathway. ... (12 Jan 1998) ...
de Pezzer catheterA self-retaining catheter with a bulbous extremity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de Pezzer, O<person> 19th century French physician. ... See: de Pezzer catheter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de Quervain, Fritz<person> Swiss surgeon, 1868-1940. ... See: de Quervain's disease, de Quervain's fracture, de Quervain's thyroiditis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de Quervain's diseaseFibrosis of the sheath of a tendon of the thumb. ... Synonym: radial styloid tendovaginitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de Quervain's fractureFracture of navicular bone with dislocation of lunar bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de Quervain's thyroiditisSynonym for subacute granulomatous thyroiditis ... Thyroiditis with round cell (usually lymphocytes) infiltration, destruction of thyroid cells, epithelial giant cell proliferation, and evidence of regeneration; thought by some to be a reflection of a systemic infection and not an example of true chronic thyroiditis. ... Synonym: de Quervain's thyroi …
De Sanctis-Cacchione syndrome<syndrome> A variant of xeroderma pigmentosum in which a different DNA repair enzyme is involved. Hybrid fibroblasts formed by Sendai virus fusion of the two types show normal repair (complementation). ... Those affected demonstrate xeroderma pigmentosum with mental deficiency, dwarfism, and gonadal hypoplasia. ... Inheritance: autosomal recess …
De Sanctis, Carlo<person> Italian psychiatrist, *1888. ... See: De Sanctis-Cacchione syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
De Toni-Fanconi syndromeSynonym for cystinosis ... Lysosomal storage disorders of unknown molecular defect, characterised by widespread deposition of cystine crystals in reticuloendothelial cells. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
De Toni, Giovanni<person> Italian paediatrician, *1895. ... See: De Toni-Fanconi syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de Wecker, Louis<person> French physician, 1832-1906. ... See: de Wecker's scissors. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de-<prefix> A prefix from Latin de down, from, away; as in debark, decline, decease, deduct, decamp. In words from the French it is equivalent to Latin dis- apart, away; or sometimes to de. Cf. Dis-. It is negative and opposite in derange, deform, destroy, etc. It is intensive in deprave, despoil, declare, desolate, etc. ... (29 Oct 1998) ...
de-efferentationA loss of the motor nerve fibres to an area of the body. ... Origin: L. De, from, + efferent ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de-emetinised ipecacuanhaIpecacuanha from which the emetic principle has been extracted; has been used as an antidysenteric agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de-epicardializationSurgical destruction of the epicardium, usually by the application of phenol, designed to promote collateral circulation to the myocardium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
de-leadTo cause the mobilization and excretion of lead deposited in the bones and other tissues, as by the administration of a chelating agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
deacetoxycephalosporin C synthetase<enzyme> Converts penicillin n by oxidative expansion of the 5-membered ring containing sulfur and nitrogen, transfering methyl side chain into the ring; requires ATP ... Registry number: EC 5.4.99.- ... Synonym: penicillin n expandase, daoc synthetase, daoc synthase, cefe protein ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
