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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


Worth, Claud
<person> British ophthalmologist, 1869-1936. ... See: Worth's amblyoscope. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Worth's amblyoscope
<instrument> The original amblyoscope; a hand-held amblyoscope consisting of angled tubes that can be swiveled to any degree of convergence or divergence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

worthless
Destitute of worth; having no value, virtue, excellence, dignity, or the like; undeserving; valueless; useless; vile; mean; as, a worthless garment; a worthless ship; a worthless man or woman; a worthless magistrate. ''T is a worthless world to win or lose.' (Byron) Worth'lessly, Worth'lessness. ... Origin: AS. Weoroleas. ... Source: Websters Diction …

worthy
1. Having worth or excellence; possessing merit; valuable; deserving; estimable; excellent; virtuous. 'Full worthy was he in his lordes war.' (Chaucer) 'These banished men that I have kept withal Are men endued with worthy qualities.' (Shak) 'Happier thou mayst be, worthier canst not be.' (Milton) 'This worthy mind should worthy things embrace.' (S …

Woulfe, Peter
<person> English chemist, 1727-1803. ... See: Woulfe's bottle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Woulfe's bottle
A bottle with two or three necks, used in a series, connected with tubes, for working with gases (washing, drying, absorbing, etc.). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

wound
1. A hurt or injury caused by violence; specifically, a breach of the skin and flesh of an animal, or in the substance of any creature or living thing; a cut, stab, rent, or the like. 'Showers of blood Rained from the wounds of slaughtered Englishmen.' (Shak) ... 2. An injury, hurt, damage, detriment, or the like, to feeling, faculty, reputation, et …

wound botulism
<microbiology> A form of illness that results from the liberation of botulism toxin from the anaerobic bacteria Clostridium botulinum, found in an infected wound. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

wound dehiscence
<surgery> A premature bursting open or splitting along natural or surgical suture lines. A complication of surgery that occurs secondary to poor wound healing. Risk factors include diabetes, advanced age, obesity and trauma during the post-surgical period. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

wound fever
Synonym for traumatic fever ... Elevation of temperature following an injury. ... Synonym: symptomatic fever, wound fever. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

wound healing
Restoration of integrity to traumatised tissue. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

wound infection
Invasion of the site of trauma by pathogenic microorganisms. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

wound myiasis
Traumatic myiasis, the infestation of a surface wound or other open lesion by fly larvae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

wounds and injuries
Damage inflicted on the body as the direct or indirect result of an external force, with or without disruption of structural continuity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

wounds, gunshot
Disruption of structural continuity of the body as a result of the discharge of firearms. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

wounds, nonpenetrating
Injuries caused by impact with a blunt object where there is no penetration of the skin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

wounds, penetrating
Wounds caused by objects penetrating the skin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

wounds, stab
Penetrating wounds caused by a pointed object. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

woven bone
Bony tissue characteristic of the embryonal skeleton, in which the collagen fibres of the matrix are arranged irregularly in the form of interlacing networks. ... Synonym: nonlamellar bone, reticulated bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

wrack
1. Wreck; ruin; destruction. 'A world devote to universal wrack.' (Milton) ... 2. Any marine vegetation cast up on the shore, especially plants of the genera Fucus, Laminaria, and Zostera, which are most abundant on northern shores. ... 3. <botany> Coarse seaweed of any kind. ... <botany> Wrack grass, or Grass wrack, eelgrass. ... Origin: O …

wraith
1. An apparition of a person in his exact likeness, seen before death, or a little after; hence, an apparition; a specter; a vision; an unreal image. 'She was uncertain if it were the gypsy or her wraith.' (Sir W. Scott) 'O, hollow wraith of dying fame.' (Tennyson) ... 2. Sometimes, improperly, a spirit thought to preside over the waters; called als …

wrap
A cover, particularly one that enfolds or encloses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

wrasse
<zoology> Any one of numerous edible, marine, spiny-finned fishes of the genus Labrus, of which several species are found in the Mediterranean and on the Atlantic coast of Europe. Many of the species are bright-coloured. ... Among the European species are the ballan wrasse (Labrus maculatus), the streaked wrasse (L. Lineatus), the red wrasse ( …

wreath
A structure resembling a twisted or entwined band or a garland. ... Origin: A.S. Wraeth, a bandage ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

wreck
1. The destruction or injury of a vessel by being cast on shore, or on rocks, or by being disabled or sunk by the force of winds or waves; shipwreck. 'Hard and obstinate As is a rock amidst the raging floods, 'Gainst which a ship, of succor desolate, Doth suffer wreck, both of herself and goods.' (Spenser) ... 2. Destruction or injury of anything, e …

wren
1. <ornithology> Any one of numerous species of small singing birds belonging to Troglodytes and numerous allied of the family Troglodytidae. ... Among the species best known are the house wren (Troglodytes aedon) common in both Europe and America, and the American winter wren (T. Hiemalis). See also Cactus wren, Marsh wren, and Rock wren, und …

wrench
1. Trick; deceit; fraud; stratagem. 'His wily wrenches thou ne mayst not flee.' (Chaucer) ... 2. A violent twist, or a pull with twisting. 'He wringeth them such a wrench.' (Skelton) 'The injurious effect upon biographic literature of all such wrenches to the truth, is diffused everywhere.' (De Quincey) ... 3. A sprain; an injury by twisting, as in a …

wrestle
1. To contend, by grappling with, and striving to trip or throw down, an opponent; as, they wrestled skillfully. 'To-morrow, sir, I wrestle for my credit, and he that escapes me without some broken limb shall acquit him well.' (Shak) 'Another, by a fall in wrestling, started the end of the clavicle from the sternum.' (Wiseman) ... 2. Hence, to strug …

wrestling
A sport consisting of hand-to-hand combat between two unarmed contestants seeking to pin or press each other's shoulders to the ground. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

wright
One who is engaged in a mechanical or manufacturing business; an artificer; a workman; a manufacturer; a mechanic; especially, a worker in wood; now chiefly used in compounds, as in millwright, wheelwright, etc. 'He was a well good wright, a carpenter.' (Chaucer) ... Origin: OE. Wrighte, writhe, AS. Wyrtha, fr. Wyrcean to work. See Work. ... Source: …

Wright respirometer
An inferential meter to measure tidal and minute volume from the number of revolutions of a vane rotated by the gas stream as the latter passes through 10 tangential slots in a cylindrical stator ring to turn a flat two-bladed rotor. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Wright, Basil Martin
<person> 20th century British physician. ... See: Wright respirometer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Wright, James Homer
U.S. Pathologist, 1871-1928. ... See: Wright's stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Wright, Marmaduke Burr
<person> U.S. Obstetrician, 1803-1879. ... See: Wright's version. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Wright's inbreeding coefficient
<genetics> The percentage of homozygous alleles an individual has. ... The probability that any two genes in an individual have the same ancestral origin (which is shared by both parents). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Wright's stain
<technique> A staining mixture of eosinates of polychromed methylene blue used in staining of blood smears. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Wright's syndrome
Synonym for hyperabduction syndrome ... <syndrome> Pain running down the arm, numbness, paresthesias, and erythema, with weakness of the hands; due to abduction of the arm for a prolonged period (e.g., during sleep or necessitated by occupation) which stretches the axillary vessels and the nerves of the brachial plexus. ... Synonym: subcoracoid …

Wright's version
A cephalic version employed in cases of shoulder presentation when the shoulders are pushed upward while the breech is moved toward the centre of the uterus by the other hand; the head is then guided into the pelvis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

wrinkle
1. A small ridge, prominence, or furrow formed by the shrinking or contraction of any smooth substance; a corrugation; a crease; a slight fold; as, wrinkle in the skin; a wrinkle in cloth. 'The wrinkles in my brows.' 'Within I do not find wrinkles and used heart, but unspent youth.' (Emerson) ... 2. Hence, any roughness; unevenness. 'Not the least w …

wrinkler muscle of eyebrow
Synonym for corrugator supercilii ... <anatomy, muscle> Origin, from orbital portion of musculus orbicularis oculi and nasal prominence; insertion, skin of eyebrow; action, draws medial end of eyebrow downward and wrinkles forehead vertically; nerve supply, facial. ... Synonym: musculus corrugator supercilii, Coiter's muscle, corrugator muscle, …

Wrisberg, Heinrich
<person> German anatomist and gynecologist, 1739-1808. ... See: Wrisberg's cartilage, Wrisberg's ganglia, Wrisberg's ligament, Wrisberg's nerve, Wrisberg's tubercle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Wrisberg's cartilage
Synonym for cuneiform cartilage ... A small nonarticulating rod of elastic cartilage in the aryepiglottic fold anterolateral and somewhat superior to the corniculate cartilage. ... Synonym: cartilago cuneiformis, Morgagni's cartilage, Morgagni's tubercle, Wrisberg's cartilage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Wrisberg's ganglia
Synonym for cardiac ganglia ... Parasympathetic ganglia of the cardiac plexus lying between the arch of the aorta and the bifurcation of the pulmonary artery. ... Synonym: ganglia cardiaca, Wrisberg's ganglia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Wrisberg's ligament
Synonym for posterior meniscofemoral ligament ... <anatomy> The band that passes posterior to the posterior cruciate ligament extending between the medial condyle of the femur and the posterior crus of the lateral meniscus. ... Synonym: ligamentum meniscofemorale posterius, ligamentum cruciatum tertium genus, ligamentum menisci lateralis, Wrisb …

Wrisberg's nerve
Synonym for medial brachial cutaneous nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> Arises from the medial cord of the brachial plexus, unites in the axilla with the lateral cutaneous branch of the second intercostal nerve, and supplies the skin of the medial side of the arm. ... Synonym: nervus cutaneus brachii medialis, lesser internal cutaneous nerve, medial c …

Wrisberg's tubercle
Synonym for cuneiform tubercle ... A rounded eminence on the posterior part of the aryepiglottic fold, formed by the underlying cuneiform cartilage. ... Synonym: tuberculum cuneiforme, Wrisberg's tubercle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

wrist
1. <anatomy> The joint, or the region of the joint, between the hand and the arm; the carpus. See Carpus. 'He took me by the wrist, and held me hard.' (Shak) ... 2. <machinery> A stud or pin which forms a journal; also called wrist pin. Bridle wrist, the wrist of the left hand, in which a horseman holds the bridle. Wrist clonus. [NL. Clo …

wrist clonus
Rhythmical contractions and relaxations of the muscles of the forearm excited by a forcible passive extension of the hand. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

wrist clonus reflex
Sudden extension of the wrist induces a sustained clonic movement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

wrist dislocation
<radiology> 10% of all carpal injuries due to fall on outstretched hand, perilunate dislocation (more common), lunate dislocation ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

wrist fractures
<radiology> Colles fracture distal radius DORSAL angulation of distal fragment, Smith fracture distal radius (reverse Colles) volar angulation of distal fragment, Barton intra-articular fracture through DORSAL aspect of radius ventral Barton: through VENTRAL aspect, chauffeur's fracture of radial styloid (intra-articular) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

wrist injuries
Injuries to the wrist or the wrist joint. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

wrist joint
The synovial joint between the distal end of the radius and its articular disk and the proximal row of carpal bones with the exception of the pisiform bone. ... Synonym: articulatio radiocarpea, carpal articulation, carpal joints, radiocarpal articulation, radiocarpal joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

wrist sign
<clinical sign> In Marfan's syndrome, when the wrist is gripped with the opposite hand, the thumb and fifth finger overlap appreciably. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

wrist-drop
Paralysis of the extensors of the wrist and fingers; most often caused by lesion of the radial nerve. ... Synonym: carpoptosis, carpoptosia, drop hand. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

write
1. To set down, as legible characters; to form the conveyance of meaning; to inscribe on any material by a suitable instrument; as, to write the characters called letters; to write figures. ... 2. To set down for reading; to express in legible or intelligible characters; to inscribe; as, to write a deed; to write a bill of divorcement; hence, specif …

writer
1. One who writes, or has written; a scribe; a clerk. 'They [came] that handle the pen of the writer.' (Judg. V. 14) 'My tongue is the pen of a ready writer.' (Ps. Xlv. 1) ... 2. One who is engaged in literary composition as a profession; an author; as, a writer of novels. 'This pitch, as ancient writers do report, doth defile.' (Shak) ... 3. A clerk …

writer's cramp
A dystonia that affects the muscles of the hand and sometimes the forearm and only occurs during handwriting. Similar focal dystonias have also been called typist's cramp, pianist's cramp, musician's cramp, and golfer's cramp. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

writhing number
<molecular biology> The number of times the axis of a DNA helix crosses itself while the molecule is in the process of supercoiling. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

writing
1. The act or art of forming letters and characters on paper, wood, stone, or other material, for the purpose of recording the ideas which characters and words express, or of communicating them to others by visible signs. ... 2. Anything written or printed; anything expressed in characters or letters; as: Any legal instrument, as a deed, a receipt, …

writing hand
A contraction of the hand muscles in parkinsonism, bringing the fingers somewhat into the position of holding a pen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

wrongful life
In civil law a cause of action which alleges that a defendant has wrongfully caused a child to be born. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

wrought wire
A wire formed by drawing a cast structure through a die into a desired shape and size; used in dentistry for partial denture clasps and orthodontic appliances. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

wryneck
torticollis ...

wuchereria
A genus of filarial nematodes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

wuchereria bancrofti
A white threadlike worm which causes elephantiasis, lymphangitis, and chyluria by interfering with the lymphatic circulation. The microfilaria are found in the circulating blood and are carried by mosquitoes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Wuchereria malayi
Former name for Brugia malayi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

wuchereriasis
Infection with worms of the genus Wuchereria. ... See: filariasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Wurster, Casimir
<person> German chemist, 1856-1913. ... See: Wurster's reagent, Wurster's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Wurster's reagent
Filter paper impregnated with tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine, which turns blue in the presence of ozone or hydrogen peroxide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Wurster's test
A test for tyrosine; the substance is dissolved in boiling water and quinone is added; if tyrosine is present a ruby-coloured reaction takes place, the solution changing to brown after a few hours. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Wyburn-Mason syndrome
<syndrome> Arteriovenous malformation on the cerebral cortex, retinal arteriovenous angioma and facial nevus, usually occurring in mentally retarded individuals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Wyburn-Mason, Roger
<person> British physician. ... See: Wyburn-Mason syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Wyman, Jeffries
<person> U.S. Biochemist, *1901. ... See: Monod-Wyman-Changeux model. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

X body
An obsolete term for Langerhans' granule. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

X chromosome
<genetics> A sex chromosome. In mammals paired in females (XX), in amphibia paired in males. ... (11 May 1997) ...

X disease
One of several viral diseases of obscure aetiology. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

X disease of cattle
bovine hyperkeratosis ...

x factor
<biochemistry> A precursor necessary to synthesise cytochromes. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

X inactivation
<cell biology> The inactivation of one or other of each pair of X chromosomes to form the Barr body in female mammalian somatic cells. ... Thus tissues whose original zygote carried heterozygous X borne genes should have individual cells expressing one or other but not both of the X borne gene products. The inactivation is thought to occur ear …

X linked disease
<disease, genetics> A genetic or inherited disease whose controlling gene or at least part of the relevant genome is carried on an X chromosome, for example haemophilia. most known conditions are recessive and thus since males have only one X chromosome they will express any such recessive character. Few dominants are known and the homozygous …

x wave
The wave in the atrial or venous pulse curves produced when ventricular ejection moves the floors of the atria toward the ventricular apices. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

X zone
A transient adrenocortical zone present in some rodents at birth, most notably in mice, situated between the zona reticularis and the adrenal medulla; it degenerates in males with the secretion at puberty and in females during their first pregnancy; it slowly enlarges in unmated females after puberty and does not degenerate until middle age; the X …

X-esotropia
Decreasing convergence from the primary position in both upward and downward gaze. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

X-exotropia
Increasing divergence from primary position in both upward and downward gaze. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

x-linked
On the X chromosome. Linked in genetics does not mean merely associated. An x-linked gene travels with the x chromosome and therefore is part of the x chromosome. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

X-linked gene
A gene located on an X chromosome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

X-linked hypogammaglobulinaemia
A congenital, X-linked recessive, primary immunodeficiency characterised by decreased numbers (or absence) of circulating B-lymphocytes with corresponding decrease in immunoglobulins of the five classes; associated with marked susceptibility to infection by pyogenic bacteria (notably, pneumococci and Haemophilus influenzae) beginning after loss of …

X-linked ichthyosis
A form of ichthyosis, due to 3-beta-hydroxysteroidsulfate sulfatase deficiency, that appears at birth or in early infancy and affects males; characterised by scaling predominantly on the neck and trunk but not on the palms and soles; histologically, there is hyperkeratosis, a granular layer in the epidermis, and normal epidermal cell turnover. ... S …

X-linked inheritance
The pattern of inheritance that may result from a mutant gene on an X chromosome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

X-linked locus
Any locus that in normal karyotypes is borne on the X chromosome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

x-omat
A trade name (of Kodak) that has become the generic designation of an automatic processor for X-ray films. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

x-point
<radiobiology> Place where the poloidal magnetic field vanishes in such a way that two flux surfaces appear to cross, for example where the main plasma joins the divertor or between magnetic islands. Location where magnetic reconnection takes place. ... See: magnetic reconnection, divertors, O-point. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

X-Pro aminopeptidase
<enzyme> Proline specific exopeptidase ... Registry number: EC 3.4.11.9 ... Synonym: x-prolyl aminopeptidase, proline-specific exopeptidase, aminopeptidase p ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

x-radiation
Radiant energy from an X-ray tube. ... See: X-ray. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

X-ray
<investigation> A type of irradiation used for imaging purposes that uses energy beams of very short wavelengths (0.1 to 1000 angstroms) that can penetrate most substances except heavy metals. ... This is the commonest form of imaging technique used in clinical practice everywhere in the world with the image captured on photographic film. ... A …

X-ray computed tomography
<radiology> Tomography using X-ray transmission and a computer to reconstruct the image. ... See: computed tomography. ... (20 Jun 2000) ...

X-ray crystallography
<investigation> A technique of determining the three-dimensional structure of a molecule by analysing the X-ray diffraction patterns of crystals made up of the molecule in question. ... (06 May 1997) ...

X-ray diffraction
<investigation> Basis of powerful technique for determining the three dimensional structure of molecules, including complex biological macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids, that form crystals or regular fibres. Low angle X-ray diffraction is also used to investigate higher levels of ordered structure, as found in muscle fibres.
X-ray dosimetry
Synonym for roentgenometry ... Measurement of an administered therapeutic or diagnostic dose and the penetrating power of X-rays. ... Synonym: X-ray dosimetry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...