Copy of `mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.

mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

syndactyly
<clinical sign, embryology> Webbing between the digits of the hands or feet. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

syndecan
<protein> An integral membrane proteoglycan (250-300 kD) associated largely with epithelial cells. ... The core protein of 294 amino acids has an extracellular domain of 235 amino acids and a single transmembrane domain of 25 amino acids. The extracellular domain has up to three heparan sulphate and two chondroitin or dermatan sulphate chains …

syndein
Synonym: ankyrin. ... Origin: G. Syndeo, to bind together, + -in ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

syndesis
Synonym: arthrodesis. ... Origin: syn-+ G. Desis, a binding ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

syndesmectomy
Cutting away a section of a ligament. ... Origin: syndesm-+ G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

syndesmectopia
Displacement of a ligament. ... Origin: syndesm-+ G. Ektopos, out of place ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

syndesmitis
Inflammation of a ligament. ... Origin: syndesm-+ G. -itis, inflammation ... Syndesmitis metatarsea, inflammation of the metatarsal ligaments. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

syndesmo-
Syndesm- ... Ligament, ligamentous. ... Origin: G. Syndesmos, a fastening, fr. Syndeo, to bind ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

syndesmochorial
Relating to the placenta in ruminant animals. ... See: syndesmochorial placenta. ... Origin: syndesmo-+ G. Chorion, membrane ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

syndesmochorial placenta
In ruminant animals, a type of placenta in which the chorion is attached to maternal connective tissue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

syndesmodial
Synonym for syndesmotic ... Relating to syndesmosis. ... Synonym: syndesmodial. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

syndesmologia
Synonym for arthrology ... <study> That part of anatomy which treats of joints. ... Origin: Gr. Joint. ... (04 Mar 1998) ...

syndesmopexy
The joining of two ligaments, or attachment of a ligament in a new place. ... Origin: syndesmo-+ G. Pexis, fixation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

syndesmophyte
An osseous excrescence attached to a ligament. ... Origin: syndesmo-+ G. Phyton, plant ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

syndesmoplasty
Rarely used term for plastic surgery of a ligament. ... Origin: syndesmo-+ G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

syndesmorrhaphy
Suture of ligaments. ... Origin: syndesmo-+ G. Rhaphe, suture ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

syndesmosis radioulnaris
radioulnar syndesmosis ...

syndesmosis tibiofibularis
Synonym for tibiofibular syndesmosis ... The fibrous union of the tibia and fibula consisting of the interosseous membrane and the anterior, interosseous and posterior tibiofibular ligaments at the distal extremities of the bones. ... Synonym: syndesmosis tibiofibularis, distal tibiofibular joint, inferior tibiofibular joint, tibiofibular articulatio …

syndesmosis tympanostapedia
tympanostapedial junction, tympanostapedial syndesmosis ...

syndesmotic
Relating to syndesmosis. ... Synonym: syndesmodial. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

syndesmotomy
<procedure> Surgical division of a ligament. ... Origin: syndesmo-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

syndrome
<syndrome> A set of signs or a series of events occurring together that often point to a single disease or condition as the cause. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH
<endocrinology, syndrome> Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion produces a disorder of fluid and electrolyte balance which results in the inability to excrete dilute urine. ... Inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion is seen in association with certain cancers (for example oat cell lung cancer, pancreatic, prostate, Hodgkin's disea …

syndrome premenstrual
A combination of emotional, physical, psychological, and mood disturbances that occur after ovulation and normally end with the onset of the menstrual flow. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome x
Angina pectoris or angina-like chest pain with a normal coronary arteriogram and positive exercise test. The cause of the syndrome is unknown. While its recognition is of clinical importance, its prognosis is excellent. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, antiphospholipid antibody
An immune disorder characterised by the presence of abnormal antibodies in the blood associated with certain medical conditions including abnormal blood clotting, migraine headaches, premature miscarriage, and low blood platelet counts (thrombocytopenia). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, barlow's
Barlow's syndrome is mitral valve prolapse (also known as click murmur syndrome ), the most common heart valve abnormality, affecting 5-10% of the world population. Most patients have no symptoms and require no treatment. However, the condition can be associated with fatigue and/or palpitations. The mitral valve prolapse can often be detected by a …

syndrome, behcet's
Behcet's syndrome is classically characterised as a triad of symptoms that include recurring crops of mouth ulcers (called apthous ulcers), genital ulcers, and inflammation of a specialised area around the pupil of the eye, the uvea. (the inflammation is called uveitis.) the cause of behcet's syndrome is not known. The disease is more frequent and …

syndrome, bernard
A complex of abnormal findings, namely sinking in of one eyeball, ipsilateral ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid on the same side) and miosis (constriction of the pupil of that eye) together with anhidosis (lack of sweating) and flushing of the affected side of the face. Due to paralysis of certain nerves (specifically, the cervical sympathetic n …

syndrome, bloch-sulzberger
Also known as incontinentia pigmenti (ip). A genetic disease with blisters that develop soon after birth on the trunk and limbs, then heal, but leave dark (hyperpigmented) streaks and marble-like whorls on the skin. (the name came from the erroneous idea that the skin cells were incontinent of pigment and could not contain it normally.) other key f …

syndrome, brown's
An ophthalmology (eye) problem. Brown's syndrome presents at birth (congenitally) and is characterised by an inability to elevate the eyeball when also trying to move the eyeball to the outside. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, conn's
Overproduction of the hormone aldosterone from a tumour containing tissue like that in the outer portion (cortex) of the adrenal gland. Excess aldosterone (pronounced al-do-ster-one) results in low potassium levels (hypokalaemia), underacidity of the body (alkalosis), muscle weakness, excess thirst (polydipsia), excess urination (polyuria), and hig …

syndrome, cracked tooth
A toothache caused by a broken tooth (tooth fracture) without associated cavity or advanced gum disease. Biting on the area of tooth fracture can cause severe sharp pains. These fractures are usually due to chewing or biting hard objects such as hard candies, pencils, nuts, etc. Sometimes, the fracture can be seen by painting a special dye on the c …

syndrome, creutzfeldt-jakob
Better known as creutzfeldt-jakob disease (cjd). A dementing disease of the brain. It is believed due to an unconventional (not a bacteria or virus), transmissible agent called a prion. Symptoms of cjd include forgetfulness, nervousness, jerky trembling hand movements, unsteady gait, muscle spasms, chronic dementia, balance disorder, and loss of fa …

syndrome, cushing's
The constellation of symptoms and signs caused by an excess of cortisol hormone. Cushing syndrome is an extremely complex hormonal condition that involves many areas of the body. Common symptoms are thinning of the skin, weakness, weight gain, bruising, hypertension, diabetes, thin weak bones (osteoporosis), facial puffiness, and in women cessation …

syndrome, digeorge
This disorder is characterised by (1) low blood calcium levels (hypocalcaemia) due to underdevelopment (hypoplasia) of the parathyroid glands which control calcium; (2) underdevelopment (hypoplasia) of the thymus, an organ behind the breastbone in which lymphocytes mature and multiply; and (3) defects of the heart involving the outflow tracts from …

syndrome, down
A common disorder due to a chromosome abnormality and specfically due to an extra chromosome number 21 (trisomy 21). Down syndrome includes mental retardation, a characteristic face, and multiple malformations. It is associated with a major risk for heart problems, a lesser risk of duodenal atresia (part of the intestines not developed), and a mino …

syndrome, dumping
A group of symptoms that occur when food or liquid enters the small intestine too rapidly. These symptoms include cramps, nausea, diarrhoea, and dizziness. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, edwards
This is trisomy 18 syndrome. There are three instead of the normal two chromosomes 18. Children with this condition have multiple malformations and mental retardation due to the extra chromosome 18. The children characteristically have low birth weight, small head (microcephaly), small jaw (micrognathia), malformations of the heart and kidneys, cle …

syndrome, fish-odour
An inborn error of metabolism associated with an offensive body odour, the smell of rotting fish, due to the excessive excretion of trimethylaminuria (tma) in urine, sweat, and breath. Persons with tma may experience tachycardia (fast heart rate) and severe hypertension (high blood pressure) after eating cheese (which contains tyramine) and after u …

syndrome, floppy baby
Floppy baby syndrome is a general medical reference to an abnormal condition of newborns and infants manifest by inadequate tone of the muscles. Hypotonia (inadequately toned muscles resulting in floppiness) in the newborn period and infancy can be due to a multitude of different neurologic and muscle problems. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, foetal alcohol
The sum total of a person's problems caused by maternal alcohol intake during pregancy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, fragile x
The most common heritable form of mental retardation. Fragile x syndrome is due to mutation (changes) at the fragile x site and so perforce is x-linked (carried on the x chromosome). Although it is usually more severe in males than females, the syndrome is due to a dynamic mutation (a trinucleotide repeat) that can change in length and hence in sev …

syndrome, gareis-mason
See Syndrome, MASA. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, hecht
Inherited disorder transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait in which short tight muscles make it impossible to open the mouth fully or keep the fingers straight when the hand is flexed back. The small mouth creates feeding problems. The hands may be so tightly fisted the infant crawls on the knuckles. Also called the trismus pseudocamptodactyly s …

syndrome, horner
A complex of abnormal findings, namely sinking in of one eyeball, ipsilateral ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid on the same side) and miosis (constriction of the pupil of that eye) together with anhidosis (lack of sweating) and flushing of the affected side of the face. Due to paralysis of certain nerves (specifically, the cervical sympathetic n …

syndrome, hurler
A genetic error of metabolism. There is incomplete breakdown and accumulation of a substance (a mucopolysaccharide) which is abnormally stored in the brain and other places. This usually leads to death of the individual with hurler syndrome by their early teen years. See gargoylism. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, incontinentia pigmenti
A genetic disease with blisters that develop soon after birth on the trunk and limbs, then heal, but leave dark (hyperpigmented) streaks and marble-like whorls on the skin. (the name came from the erroneous idea that the skin cells were incontinent of pigment and could not contain it normally.) other key features of ip include dental and nail abnor …

syndrome, irritable bowel
A common gastrointestinal disorder (also called spastic colitis, mucus colitis or nervous colon syndrome), ibs is an abnormal condition of gut contractions (motility) characterised by abdominal pain, bloating, mucous in stools, and irregular bowel habits with more than alternating diarrhoea and constipation, symtoms that tend to be chronic and wax …

syndrome, joint hypermobility
See Syndrome, hypermobility. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, kartagener's
The trio of sinusitis, bronchitis and situs inversus (lateral reversal of the position all organs in the chest and abdomen with the heart and stomach on the right, the liver on the left, etc. Opposite or inverted from their usual position). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, kinky hair
Genetic disorder with fragile twisted ( kinky ) hair and progressive deterioration of the brain. Due to an error in copper transport resulting in copper deficiency. Females are carriers and their sons with the gene have the disease. Also known as menkes syndrome. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, klinefelter
The most common single cause of hypogonadism (underfunction of the gonads) and infertility in men, klinefelter syndrome is due to a chromosome abnormality with xxy (plus additional x or y chromosomes). It affects about 1 in 500 males and results in small testes (hypogenitalism), underproduction of testosterone and infertility (hypogonadism), and a …

syndrome, klippel-feil
The combination of short neck, low hairline at the nape of the neck and limited movement of the head. It is due to a defect in the early development of the spinal column in the neck (the cervival vertebrae). The condition is also called the klippel-feil sequence (referring to an embryologic or early developmental sequence of events). ... (12 Dec 199 …

syndrome, klippel-trenaunay-weber
A congenital malformation syndrome characterised by the triad of asymmetric limb hypertrophy, haemangiomata, and nevi. Asymmetric limb hypertrophy is enlargement of one limb and not the corresponding limb on the other side, the enlarged limb being 3 times more likely to be a leg than an arm in ktw; and the limb enlargement is of bone as well as sof …

syndrome, lennnox
See Syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, lennox-gastaut
A severe form of epilepsy that usually begins in early childhood and is characterised by frequent seizures of multiple types, mental impairment, and a particular brain wave pattern (a slow spike-and-wave pattern). The seizures that are notoriously hard to treat and may lead to falls and injuries can be reduced in frequency by treatment with lamotri …

syndrome, li-fraumeni
A family tendency to cancers due to a mutation in a gene that normally serves to curb cancer: the p53 tumour-suppressor gene. Named after drs. Fred li and joe fraumeni. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, marfan
Inherited disorder with long fingers and toes, dislocation of the lens, and aortic wall weakness and aneurysm. (it has been suggested that abraham lincoln had marfan syndrome.) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, martin-bell
Better known as the fragile X syndrome, the most common heritable form of mental retardation. Fragile x syndrome is due to mutation (changes) at the fragile x site and so perforce is x-linked (carried on the x chromosome). Although it is usually more severe in males than females, the syndrome is due to a dynamic mutation (a trinucleotide repeat) th …

syndrome, masa
MASA stands for mental retardation, aphasia, shuffling gait, and adducted thumbs. Features of the syndrome include (1) neurologically: mental retardation and aphasia (lack of speech); (2) limbs: adducted (clasped) thumbs, absent extensor pollicis longus and/or brevis muscles to the thumb, shuffling gait, and leg spasticity; (3) growth: small body s …

syndrome, mucocutaneous lymph node
A syndrome of unknown origin, mainly affecting young children, causing fever, reddening of the eyes more than (conjunctivitis), lips and mucous membranes of the mouth, ulcerative gum disease (gingivitis), swollen glands in the neck (cervical more than lymphadenopathy), and a rash that is raised and bright red (maculoerythematous) in a glove-and-soc …

syndrome, munchhausen
Recurrent feigning of catastrophic illnesses. Named for the fictitious baron who told tales that were whopping lies. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, myelodysplastic
A condition in which the bone marrow does not function normally. It does not produce enough blood cells. This condition may progress and become acute leukaemia. Myelodysplastic syndrome also is called preleukaemia or smoldering leukaemia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, nail-patella
Hereditary dominant condition with abnormally formed (dysplastic) or absent nails and absent or underdeveloped (hypoplastic) kneecaps (patellae). Other features include iliac horns (symmetrical bilateral central posterior iliac processes), abnormality of the elbows interfering with full range of motion (pronation and supination) and kidney disease …

syndrome, nervous colon
See Syndrome, irritable bowel. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, pallister-killian
Condition with multiple malformations at birth and mental retardation due to isochromosome 12p mosaicism (an abnormal chromosome 12 in some cells). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, patau
Trisomy 13 syndrome or three chromosome number 13s instead of the normal two. Children with this condition have multiple malformations and mental retardation due to an extra chromosome 13 named after the late klaus patau who described the extra chromosome in 1960. This is trisomy 13 syndrome. There are three rather than the normal two chromosomes 1 …

syndrome, pickwickian
The combination of obesity, somnolence, hypoventilation (underbreathing), and plethoric (red) face named after the fat and red-faced boy in a state of somnolency in charles dickens' novel the pickwick papers. (the same boy is thought by some to have had prader-willi syndrome). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, popliteal pterygium
An inherited condition with a web behind the knee. (a pterygium is a winglike triangular membrane.) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, prader-willi
A condition in children with floppiness (hypotonia), obesity, small hands and feet and mental retardation. It is due to loss of part or all of chromosome 15, specifcally the chromosome 15 from the father. The fat and red-faced boy in a state of somnolency described by charles dickens in his novel the pickwick papers is thought by some to have had p …

syndrome, proteus
A disturbance of cell growth including benign tumours under the skin, overgrowth of the body, often more on one side than the other (hemihypertrophy), and overgrowth of fingers (macrodactyly). The syndrome is named after the greek god proteus the polymorphous who could change his appearance. The elephant man (john merrick) of 19th century england w …

syndrome, reiter's
A chronic form of inflammatory arthritis wherein the following three conditions are combined: (1) arthritis; (2) inflammation of the eyes (conjunctivitis); and (3) inflammation of the genital, urinary or gastrointestinal systems. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, reye's
A sudden, sometimes fatal, disease of the brain (encephalopathy) with degeneration of the liver, occurs in children (most cases 4-12 years of age), comes after the chickenpox (varicella) or an influenza-type illness, is also associated with taking medications containing aspirin. The child with reye's syndrome first tends to be unusually quiet, leth …

syndrome, scalded skin
See Scalded skin syndrome. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, shprintzen
Congenital malformation (birth defect) syndrome with cleft palate, heart defect, abnormal face, and learning problems.the condition is also called the velo-cardio-facial (vcf) syndrome. (the velum is the soft palate). Other less frequent features include short stature, small-than-normal head (microcephaly), mental retardation, minor ear anomalies, …

syndrome, shulman's
A disease which leads to inflammation and thickening of the skin and fascia. (the fascia is a lining tissue under the skin that covers a surface of underlying tissues.) when the fascia is inflamed, the condition is referred to as fasciitis. In eosinophilic fasciitis, the involved fascia is inflamed with the eosinophil white blood cells. There is pr …

syndrome, tar
TAR stands for Thrombocytopenia (low blood platelets) and aplasia (absence) of the radius (the long bone on the thumb-side of the forearm), features characterizing this syndrome. There is phocomelia more than (flipper-limb) with the thumbs always present. The fibula (the smaller bone in thye lower leg) is often absent. The risk of bleeding from too …

syndrome, tempero-mandibular joint
Disorder of the temporo-mandibular joint(tmj) causing pain usually in front of the ear. Pain in the tmj can be due to trauma (such as a blow to the face), inflammatory or degenerative arthritis, or by the mandible being pushed back towards the ears whenever the patient chews or swallows. Sometimes, muscles around the tmj used for chewing can go int …

syndrome, thoracic outlet
Condition due to compromise of blood vessels or nerve fibres between the armpit (axilla) and base of the neck. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, tmj
Disorder of the temporo-mandibular joint (tmj) causing pain usually in front of the ear. Pain in the tmj can be due to trauma (such as a blow to the face), inflammatory or degenerative arthritis, or by the mandible being pushed back towards the ears whenever the patient chews or swallows. Sometimes, muscles around the tmj used for chewing can go in …

syndrome, toxic shock
A grave condition occurring predominantly in menstruating women using tampons, toxic shock is characterised by a highly toxic state (with sudden high fever, vomiting, diarrhoea, muscle aching) followed by low blood pressure (hypotension) which can lead to shock (and death). There may be a rash resembling sunburn with peeling of skin. The channing l …

syndrome, trisomy 13
Condition with three rather than the normal two chromosomes 13. Children born with this syndrome have multiple malformations and mental retardation due to the extra chromosome 13. The congenital malformations (birth defects) commonly include scalp defects, more than haemangiomas more than (blood vessel malformations) of the face and nape of the nec …

syndrome, trisomy 18
There are three instead of the normal two chromosomes 18. Children with this condition have multiple malformations and mental retardation due to the extra chromosome 18. The children characteristically have low birth weight, small head (microcephaly), small jaw (micrognathia), malformations of the heart and kidneys, clenched fists with abnormal fin …

syndrome, trisomy 21
A common chromosome disorder due to an extra chromosome number 21 (trisomy 21). The syndrome causes mental retardation, a characteristic face, and multiple malformations. It is associated with a major risk for heart problems, a lesser risk of duodenal atresia (part of the intestines not developed), and a minor but still significant risk of acute le …

syndrome, turner-kieser
See nail-patella syndrome turner in 1933 described two families with the disease. The name turner is more closely associated with the xo syndrome. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndrome, von hippel-lindau
The cardinal features of von hippel-lindau (vhl) syndrome are benign blood-vessel tumours that most typically affect the eye and the brain. The eye tumours are termed angiomata and are in the retina. The brain tumours are termed haemangioblastoma and are in the cerebellum. Vhl is complex. There can also be blood-vessel tumours (haemangiomata) in th …

syndrome, yeast
The yeast Candida has been thought to cause a syndrome with a number of non-specific problems including fatigue, loss of appetite, headache, short-attention span, depression and all manner of intestinal irregularities. There is no scientific evidence to support the existence of the yeast syndrome (also called the yeast connection). ... (12 Dec 1998) …

syndromes of paranasal sinuses
<radiology> Gardner: osteomas, Kartagener: chronic infection, basal cell-nevoid, neurofibromatosis, Down (trisomy 21): hypoplastic frontal, sphenoid, with or without ethmoid, progeria: absent frontal sinuses; dwarf, immature, cleidocranial dysostosis: all sinuses absent/small ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

syndromic
Relating to a syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

synechia pericardii
Synonym for concretio cordis ... Extensive adhesion between parietal and visceral layers of the pericardium with partial or complete obliteration of the pericardial cavity. ... Synonym: internal adhesive pericarditis, synechia pericardii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

synechiotomy
<procedure> Division of the adhesions in synechia. ... Origin: synechia + G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

synechococcus group
Unicellular, coccoid to rod-shaped cyanobacteria that divide by binary fission in a single plane. Their cells lack structured sheaths and range in diameter from 0.3 to 2.3 microns. These organisms are isolated from freshwater, marine, and hot spring environments. By examining morphological, physiological, and chemical properties it has been possibl …

synechocystis group
Unicellular cyanobacteria that divide by binary fission in two or three successive planes at right angles to one another. Typically, the cells occur singly or in pairs. These organisms are isolated from freshwater and seawater environments. By examining morphological, physiological, and chemical properties it has been possible to subdivide this gro …

synechotome
A small knife for use in synechiotomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

synecology
<study> A subdivision of ecology that deals with the study of groups of organisms associated as a unit. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

synectenterotomy
<procedure> Division of intestional adhesions. ... Origin: G. Synektos, held together (see synechia), + enteron, intestine, + tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

synemin
<protein> An intermediate filament associated protein (230 kD) isolated from avian smooth muscle, but homologue also found in mammalian muscle. Co localises with desmin near myofibrillar Z discs. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

synencephalocele
Protrusion of brain substance through a defect in the skull, with adhesions preventing reduction. ... Origin: syn-+ G. Enkephalos, brain, + kele, hernia ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

synephrinase
<enzyme> From arthrobacter synephrinum grown on synephrine as sole source of c and n; converts (-)-synephrine into 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde and methylamine; requires -sh, stimulated by mg, ca and mn; does not use o2 ... Registry number: EC 1.5.99.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...