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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

talent
1. Among the ancient Greeks, a weight and a denomination of money equal to 60 minae or 6,000 drachmae. The Attic talent, as a weight, was about 57 lbs. Avoirdupois; as a denomination of silver money, its value was £243 15s. Sterling, or about $1,180. 'Rowing vessel whose burden does not exceed five hundred talents.' (Jowett (Thucid)) ... 2. Among th …

talin
<cell biology> Protein (215 kD) that binds to vinculin, but not to actin and is associated with the sub plasmalemmal cytoskeleton. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

talion
The principle of retribution in intrapsychic behaviour. ... Origin: Welsh tal, compensation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talion dread
The symbolic anxieties that represent the unconscious dread of penalties for an act. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipedic
Clubfooted. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipes
<surgery> The deformity called clubfoot. See Clubfoot. ... Several varieties are distinguished; as, Talipes varus, in which the foot is drawn up and bent inward; T. Valgus, in which the foot is bent outward; T. Equinus, in which the sole faces backward and the patient walks upon the balls of the toes; and T. Calcaneus (called also talus), in w …

talipes arcuatus
Synonym for talipes cavus ... An exaggeration of the normal arch of the foot. ... Synonym: contracted foot, pes cavus, talipes arcuatus, talipes plantaris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipes calcaneovalgus
Talipes calcaneus and talipes valgus combined; the foot is dorsiflexed, everted, and abducted. ... See: clubfoot. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipes calcaneovarus
Talipes calcaneus and talipes varus combined; the foot is dorsiflexed, inverted, and adducted. ... See: clubfoot. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipes calcaneus
A deformity due to weakness or absence of the calf muscles, in which the axis of the calcaneus becomes vertically oriented; commonly seen in poliomyelitis. ... Synonym: calcaneus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipes cavus
An exaggeration of the normal arch of the foot. ... Synonym: contracted foot, pes cavus, talipes arcuatus, talipes plantaris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipes equinovalgus
Talipes equinus and talipes valgus combined; the foot is plantarflexed, everted, and abducted. ... See: clubfoot. ... Synonym: equinovalgus, pes equinovalgus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipes equinovarus
The most common congenital abnormality of the foot. Clubfoot may occur in several forms, but talipes equinovarus is the most common. In this case the foot turns downward and inward. Treatment involves the extended use of orthopaedic splints or casts to correct the position of the foot. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

talipes equinus
Permanent extension of the foot so that only the ball rests on the ground; it is commonly combined with talipes varus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipes plantaris
Synonym for talipes cavus ... An exaggeration of the normal arch of the foot. ... Synonym: contracted foot, pes cavus, talipes arcuatus, talipes plantaris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipes planus
Synonym for pes planus ... A condition in which the longitudinal arch is broken down, the entire sole touching the ground. ... Synonym: flatfoot, talipes planus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipes spasmodicus
A temporary distortion of the foot, usually talipes equinus, due to muscular spasm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipes transversoplanus
Synonym for metatarsus latus ... Deformity caused by sinking down of the transverse arch of the foot. ... Synonym: talipes transversoplanus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipes valgus
Permanent eversion of the foot, the inner side alone of the sole resting on the ground; it is usually combined with a breaking down of the plantar arch. ... Synonym: pes abductus, pes pronatus, pes valgus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipes varus
Inversion of the foot, the outer side of the sole only touching the ground; usually some degree of talipes equinus is associated with it, and often talipes cavus. ... Synonym: pes adductus, pes varus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipomanus
Archaic term for clubhand. ... Origin: Mod. L. Talipes + manus, hand ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talipot
<botany> A beautiful tropical palm tree (Corypha umbraculifera), a native of Ceylon and the Malabar coast. It has a trunk sixty or seventy feet high, bearing a crown of gigantic fan-shaped leaves which are used as umbrellas and as fans in ceremonial processions, and, when cut into strips, as a substitute for writing paper. ... Origin: Hind. Ta …

talisman
Origin: Sp, from Ar. Tilism, tilsam, a magical image, pl. Tilsaman, fr. Gr. Tribute, tax, LGr, an initiation, incantation, from to complete, perform, to play taxes, to make perfect, to initiate, especially in the mysteries, fr. Completion, end. ... 1. A magical figure cut or engraved under certain superstitious observances of the configuration of th …

talker
1. One who talks; especially, one who is noted for his power of conversing readily or agreeably; a conversationist. 'There probably were never four talkers more admirable in four different ways than Johnson, Burke, Beauclerk, and Garrick.' (Macaulay) ... 2. A loquacious person, male or female; a prattler; a babbler; also, a boaster; a braggart; used …

tall
1. High in stature; having a considerable, or an unusual, extension upward; long and comparatively slender; having the diameter or lateral extent small in proportion to the height; as, a tall person, tree, or mast. 'Two of far nobler shape, erect and tall.' (Milton) ... 2. Brave; bold; courageous. 'As tall a trencherman As e'er demolished a pye fort …

Tallerman treatment
Use of special apparatus to administer dry heat to rheumatic disorders, traumatic sprains, etc. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tallow
1. The suet or fat of animals of the sheep and ox kinds, separated from membranous and fibrous matter by melting. ... The solid consistency of tallow is due to the large amount of stearin it contains. See Fat. ... 2. The fat of some other animals, or the fat obtained from certain plants, or from other sources, resembling the fat of animals of the she …

tallow soap
Synonym for animal soap ... Soap made with sodium hydroxide and a purified animal fat consisting chiefly of stearin; used in pharmacy in the preparation of certain liniments. ... Synonym: curd soap, domestic soap, tallow soap. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tally
Origin: OE. Taile, taille, F. Taille a cutting, cut tally, fr. Tailler to cut, but influenced probably by taille, p.p. Of tailler. See Tailor, and cf. Tail a limitation, Taille, Tallage. ... 1. Originally, a piece of wood on which notches or scores were cut, as the marks of number; later, one of two books, sheets of paper, etc, on which correspondin …

talo-
The talus. ... Origin: L. Talus, ankle, ankle bone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talocalcaneal
Talocalcanean ... Relating to the talus and the calcaneus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talocalcaneal joint
Synonym for subtalar joint ... Formed by the articulation of the talus with the calcaneus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

talocalcaneal ligament
<anatomy> Any of three ligaments uniting the talus and calcaneus: interosseous talocalcaneal ligament, lateral talocalcaneal ligament, and medial talocalcaneal ligament. ... Synonym: ligamentum talocalcaneare. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talocalcaneonavicular joint
A ball-and-socket synovial joint, part of which participates in the transverse tarsal joint, formed by the head of the talus articulating with the navicular bone and the anterior part of the calcaneus. ... Synonym: articulatio talocalcaneonavicularis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talocrural
Relating to the talus and the bones of the leg; denoting the ankle joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talocrural articulation
Synonym for ankle joint ... The joint that is formed by the inferior articular and malleolar articular surfaces of the tibia, the malleolar articular surface of the fibula, and the medial malleolar, lateral malleolar, and superior surfaces of the talus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

talocrural joint
Synonym for ankle joint ... The joint that is formed by the inferior articular and malleolar articular surfaces of the tibia, the malleolar articular surface of the fibula, and the medial malleolar, lateral malleolar, and superior surfaces of the talus. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

talofibular
Relating to the talus and the fibula. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talon
1. The claw of a predaceous bird or animal, especially the claw of a bird of prey. ... 2. <zoology> One of certain small prominences on the hind part of the face of an elephant's tooth. ... 3. A kind of molding, concave at the bottom and convex at the top; usually called an ogee. When the concave part is at the top, it is called an inverted tal …

talon cusp
An anomalous cusp that projects lingually from the cingulum of permanent incisors. ... Origin: Eng. Claw, heel, fr. O. Fr., fr. L. Talus, ankle ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talonavicular
Relating to the talus and the navicular bone. ... Synonym: astragaloscaphoid, taloscaphoid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talonavicular joint
The part of the talocalcaneonavicular joint which forms the medial element of the compound transverse tarsal joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talonavicular ligament
Synonym for dorsal talonavicular ligament ... <anatomy> The broad band that passes from the dorsal side of the neck of the talus to the dorsal surface of the navicular bone. ... Synonym: ligamentum talonaviculare, talonavicular ligament. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

taloscaphoid
Synonym for talonavicular ... Relating to the talus and the navicular bone. ... Synonym: astragaloscaphoid, taloscaphoid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talose
An aldohexose, isomeric with glucose; d-talose is epimeric with d-galactose. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talotibial
Relating to the talus and the tibia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

talus
1. <anatomy> The astragalus. ... 2. <surgery> A variety of clubfoot (Talipes calcaneus). See the Note under Talipes. ... 1. A slope; the inclination of the face of a work. ... 2. <geology> A sloping heap of fragments of rock lying at the foot of a precipice. ... Origin: L, the ankle, the ankle bone. ... (26 Nov 1998) ...

tamandu
<zoology> A small ant-eater (Tamandua tetradactyla) native of the tropical parts of South America. ... It has five toes on the fore feet, an elongated snout, small ears, and short woolly hair. Its tail is stout and hairy at the base, tapering, and covered with minute scales, and is somewhat prehensile at the end. Called also tamandua, little a …

tamarind
<botany> ... 1. A leguminous tree (Tamarindus Indica) cultivated both the Indies, and the other tropical countries, for the sake of its shade, and for its fruit. The trunk of the tree is lofty and large, with wide-spreading branches; the flowers are in racemes at the ends of the branches. The leaves are small and finely pinnated. ... 2. One of …

tamarisk
<botany> Any shrub or tree of the genus Tamarix, the species of which are European and Asiatic. They have minute scalelike leaves, and small flowers in spikes. An Arabian species (T. Mannifera) is the source of one kind of manna. Tamarisk salt tree, an East Indian tree (Tamarix orientalis) which produces an incrustation of salt. ... Origin: L. …

tambour
1. A kind of small flat drum; a tambourine. ... 2. A small frame, commonly circular, and somewhat resembling a tambourine, used for stretching, and firmly holding, a portion of cloth that is to be embroidered; also, the embroidery done upon such a frame; called also, in the latter sense, tambour work. ... 3. Same as Drum. ... 4. A work usually in the …

tambour sound
Synonym for bruit de tambour ... Reverberating, musical tone heard as the second heart sound over the aortic area, associated with syphilitic aortic valvular disease. ... Synonym: tambour sound. ... Origin: Fr. Sound of drum ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tame
1. Reduced from a state of native wildness and shyness; accustomed to man; domesticated; domestic; as, a tame deer, a tame bird. ... 2. Crushed; subdued; depressed; spiritless. 'Tame slaves of the laborious plow.' (Roscommon) ... 3. Deficient in spirit or animation; spiritless; dull; flat; insipid; as, a tame poem; tame scenery. ... Synonym: Gentle, m …

tamed iodine
Synonym for iodophor ... A combination of iodine with a surfactant carrier, usually polyvinylpyrrolidone. Commercial preparations generally contain 1% 'available' iodine, which is slowly released to take effect against microorganisms; used as skin disinfectants, particularly for surgical scrubs. ... Synonym: tamed iodine. ... Origin: iodine + G. Phora …

Tamiami virus
<virology> Arenavirus of the Tacaribe complex. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Tamm-Horsfall protein
tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein ...

tamm-horsfall protein deposition
<radiology> Also known as stasis nephropathy, perinatal renal insult of less severe degree than acute cortical necrosis, prolonged nephograms on IV urograms, renal ultrasound: increased echogenicity in central portions of pyramids, preservation of hypoechoic peripheral medulla, due to deposition of Tamm-Horsfall protein in the tubules, Benign …

Tamm, Igor
<person> U.S. Virologist, *1922. ... See: Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein, Tamm-Horsfall protein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tamoxifen
<drug> An antioestrogen drug that may be given to women with oestrogen receptive tumours to block oestrogen from entering the breast tissues. May produce menopause-like symptoms, including hot flashes and vaginal dryness. Currently being used with high risk women in clinical trials to prevent breast cancer and women who have had breast cancer …

tamoxifen citrate
(Z)-2-[p-(1,2-Diphenyl-1-butenyl)phenoxy]-N,N-dimethylethylamine citrate (1:1);an anti-oestrogen agent used in the treatment of breast cancer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tamoxifen N-demethylase
<enzyme> Tamoxifen metabolised by cytochrome p-450-dependent mixed function oxidase ... Registry number: EC 1.5.3.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

tamper
1. To meddle; to be busy; to try little experiments; as, to tamper with a disease. ''T is dangerous tampering with a muse.' (Roscommon) ... 2. To meddle so as to alter, injure, or vitiate a thing. ... 3. To deal unfairly; to practice secretly; to use bribery. 'Others tampered For Fleetwood, Desborough, and Lambert.' (Hudibras) ... Origin: A corruption …

tamponade
The insertion of a tampon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tamponing
Tamponment ... The act of inserting a tampon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tampons
Pads or plugs made of cotton, sponge, or other material. They are variously used in surgery to plug the nose, vagina, etc., for the control of haemorrhage or the absorption of secretions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

tan
1. To convert (the skin of an animal) into leather, as by usual process of steeping it in an infusion of oak or some other bark, whereby it is impregnated with tannin, or tannic acid (which exists in several species of bark), and is thus rendered firm, durable, and in some degree impervious to water. ... The essential result in tanning is due to the …

tanacetol
Synonym for thujone ... C10H16O;the chief constituent of cedar leaf oil; a stimulant similar to camphor. ... Synonym: absinthol, tanacetol, tanacetone, thujol, thuyol, thuyone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tandem
Term used to describe multiple copies of the same sequence in a polynucleic acid that lie adjacent to one another. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tandem repeat
<molecular biology> Copies of genes repeated one after another along a chromosome: for example the 40S rRNA genes in somatic cells of toads, of which there are about 500 copies. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

tandem repeat sequence
<molecular biology> Multiple copies of the same base sequence on a chromosome, used as a marker in physical mapping. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

tandem repeat sequences
Multiple copies of the same DNA base sequence on a chromosome; used as a marker in physical mapping of the chromosome. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

tangent
<geometry> A tangent line curve, or surface; specifically, that portion of the straight line tangent to a curve that is between the point of tangency and a given line, the given line being, for example, the axis of abscissas, or a radius of a circle produced. See Trigonometrical function, under Function. Artificial, or Logarithmic, tangent, t …

tangent screen
A flat, usually black surface used to measure the central 30 degrees of the field of vision. ... Synonym: Bjerrum screen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tangential wound
A perforating wound or seton wound that involves only one side of the part. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tangentiality
A disturbance in the associative thought process in which one tends to digress readily from one topic under discussion to other topics which arise in the course of associations; observed in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia and certain types of organic brain disorders. ... Compare: circumstantiality. ... Origin: off on a tangent, fr. L. Tango, to to …

tanghinia
<botany> The ordeal tree. ... <botany> Any large blackish seaweed, especially the Laminaria saccharina. See Kelp. 'Coral and sea fan and tangle, the blooms and the palms of the ocean.' (C. Kingsley) ... 2. [From Tangle] A knot of threads, or other thing, united confusedly, or so interwoven as not to be easily disengaged; a snarl; as, hair …

tangier disease
A familial lipoprotein deficiency caused by a decreased synthesis and increased catabolism of the apolipoprotein components a-l and a-II (apo a-I and apo a-II) of high-density lipoproteins (hdl) (lipoproteins, hdl). Hdl is absent from plasma, and the other lipoproteins are abnormal. Cholesteryl esters accumulate in the reticuloendothelial cells. It …

tangle
A small irregular knot. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tanglefish
<marine biology> The sea adder, or great pipefish of Europe. ... (26 Nov 1998) ...

tangram
A Chinese toy made by cutting a square of thin wood, or other suitable material, into seven pieces, as shown in the cut, these pieces being capable of combination in various ways, so as to form a great number of different figures. It is now often used in primary schools as a means of instruction. ... Origin: Cf. Trangram. ... Source: Websters Diction …

tanistry
In Ireland, a tenure of family lands by which the proprietor had only a life estate, to which he was admitted by election. ... The primitive intention seems to have been that the inheritance should descend to the oldest or most worthy of the blood and name of the deceased. This was, in reality, giving it to the strongest; and the practice often occa …

tank
A large basin or cistern; an artificial receptacle for liquids. Tank engine, a locomotive which carries the water and fuel it requires, thus dispensing with a tender. Tank iron, plate iron thinner than boiler plate, and thicker than sheet iron or stovepipe iron. ... <zoology> Tank worm, a small nematoid worm found in the water tanks of India, …

tank bioreactor
<chemistry, microbiology> Fermenters in which microorganisms are grown in a large volume of liquid. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...

tank respirator
Synonym for Drinker respirator ... A mechanical respirator in which the body except the head is encased within a metal tank, which is sealed at the neck with an airtight gasket; artificial respiration is induced by making the air pressure inside negative. ... Synonym: iron lung, tank respirator. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tanned red cells
Erythrocytes subjected to mild treatment with chemicals such as tannic acid so that they adsorb onto their surface soluble antigens; used in haemagglutination tests. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Tanner growth chart
A series of chart's showing distribution of parameters of physical development, such as stature, growth curves, and skinfold thickness, for children by sex, age, and stages of puberty. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Tanner stage
A stage of puberty in the Tanner growth chart, based on pubic hair growth, development of genitalia in boys, and breast development in girls. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tanner's ulcer
Synonym for chrome ulcer ... An ulcer produced by exposure to chromium compounds. ... Synonym: tanner's ulcer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tannic
Of or pertaining to tan; derived from, or resembling, tan; as, tannic acid. Tannic acid. ... <chemistry> An acid obtained from nutgalls as a yellow amorphous substance, C14H10O9, having an astringent taste, and forming with ferric salts a bluish-black compound, which is the basis of common ink. Called also tannin, and gallotannic acid. By exte …

tannic acid
<chemical> Penta (m digalloyl) glucose or any soluble tannin, used in electron microscopy to enhance the contrast. ... Addition of tannic acid to fixatives greatly improves, for example: the image obtained of tubulin sub units in the microtubule or the HMM decoration of microfilaments. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...

tannin
<chemistry, plant biology> Bitter-tasting, complex aromatic compounds found in the vacuoles of certain plant cells, for example in bark. ... Some are glucosides, possibly giving protection to the plant or concerned with pigment formation.They are strongly astringent and are used in tanning and dyeing. ... (14 Oct 1997) ...

tannins
Any of a broad group of plant-derived phenolic compounds characterised by their ability to precipitate proteins. Some are more toxic than others, depending on their source. Those derived from nutgalls are believed to be carcinogens, while those found in tea and coffee may be virtually nontoxic. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

tannylacetate
Synonym for acetyltannic acid ... An astringent used for treatment of diarrhoea. ... Synonym: diacetyltannic acid, tannylacetate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tansy
1. <botany> Any plant of the composite genus Tanacetum. The common tansy (T. Vulgare) has finely divided leaves, a strong aromatic odour, and a very bitter taste. It is used for medicinal and culinary purposes. ... 2. A dish common in the seventeenth century, made of eggs, sugar, rose water, cream, and the juice of herbs, baked with butter in …

tantalum
<chemistry> A rare nonmetallic element found in certain minerals, as tantalite, samarskite, and fergusonite, and isolated as a dark powder which becomes steel-gray by burnishing. Symbol Ta. Atomic weight 182.0. Formerly called also tantalium. ... Origin: NL. So named on account of the perplexity and difficulty encounterd by its discoverer (Eke …

tantalum bronchography
Historically, bronchography using insufflated metallic tantalum powder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tantalus
1. A Phrygian king who was punished in the lower world by being placed in the midst of a lake whose waters reached to his chin but receded whenever he attempted to allay his thirst, while over his head hung branches laden with choice fruit which likewise receded whenever he stretched out his hand to grasp them. ... 2. <ornithology> A genus of …

tantrum
A fit of bad temper, especially in children. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tanycyte
A variety of ependymal cell found principally in the walls of the third ventricle of the brain; the tanycyte's may have branched or unbranched processes, some of which end on capillaries or neurons. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tanyphonia
A thin, weak voice resulting from tension of vocal muscles. ... Origin: G. Tanyo, to stretch, + phone, sound ... (05 Mar 2000) ...