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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

tanzania
A republic in eastern africa, south of uganda and north of mozambique. Its capital is dar es salaam (house of peace). It was formed in 1964 by a merger of the countries of tanganyika and zanzibar. The country has been dominated successively by arabs, portugal, oman, zanzibar, germany, and britain. It became a british mandate in 1920 as tanganyika a …

tap
1. A hole or pipe through which liquor is drawn. ... 2. A plug or spile for stopping a hole pierced in a cask, or the like; a faucet. ... 3. Liquor drawn through a tap; hence, a certain kind or quality of liquor; as, a liquor of the same tap. ... 4. A place where liquor is drawn for drinking; a taproom; a bar. ... 5. <mechanics> A tool for formin …

tapayaxin
<zoology> A Mexican spinous lizard (Phrynosoma orbiculare) having a head somewhat like that of a toad. ... Synonym: horned toad. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...

tapazol
Trade name for methimazole, an antithyroid medication. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

tape
1. A narrow fillet or band of cotton or linen; a narrow woven fabric used for strings and the like; as, curtains tied with tape. ... 2. A tapeline; also, a metallic ribbon so marked as to serve as a tapeline; as, a steel tape. Red tape. See Red. ... <botany> Tape grass, a plant (Vallisneria spiralis) with long ribbonlike leaves, growing in fres …

tape recording
Recording of information on magnetic or punched paper tape. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

tapered bougie
A bougie with gradually increasing caliber, used to dilate strictures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tapestry
Origin: F. Tapissere, fr. Tapisser to carpet, to hang, or cover with tapestry, fr. Tapis a carpet, carpeting, LL. Tapecius, fr. L. Tapete carpet, tapestry, Gr,. Cf. Tapis, Tippet. ... A fabric, usually of worsted, worked upon a warp of linen or other thread by hand, the designs being usually more or less pictorial and the stuff employed for wall han …

tapetal light reflex
The glow from the eyes of some animals in the dark when a light illuminates the retina; due to the reflection of the light from the tapetum, an iridescent layer (containing guanidine crystals) in the choroid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tapetochoroidal
Relating to the tapetum and the choroid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tapetoretinal
Relating to the retinal pigment epithelium and the sensory retina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tapetoretinal degeneration
A hereditary disorder of the retina mainly affecting photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium; a miscellaneous category including Friedreich's ataxia, Refsum's disease, and abetalipoproteinaemia. ... Synonym: primary pigmentary degeneration of retina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tapetoretinopathy
Hereditary degeneration of the sensory retina and pigmentary epithelium; seen in pigmentary retinopathy, choroideraemia, gyrate atrophy, congenital nyctalopia, congenital amaurosis, and heredomacular degeneration. ... Origin: tapetum + retinopathy ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tapetum
1. <cell biology> Layer of reflective tissue just behind the pigmented retinal epithelium of many vertebrate eyes. May consist either of a layer of guanine crystals or a layer of connective tissue. In bovine eyes reflects a blue green iridescent colour. ... 2. <plant biology> Layer of cells in the sporangium of a vascular plant that nour …

tapetum alveoli
Synonym for periodontal ligament ... <anatomy> Fibrous connective tissue surrounding the root of a tooth that separates it from and attaches it to the alveolar bone. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

tapetum nigrum
Synonym for pigmented layer of retina ... The outer layer of the retina, consisting of pigmented epithelium. ... Synonym: ectoretina, stratum pigmenti bulbi, stratum pigmenti retinae, tapetum nigrum, tapetum oculi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tapetum oculi
Synonym for pigmented layer of retina ... The outer layer of the retina, consisting of pigmented epithelium. ... Synonym: ectoretina, stratum pigmenti bulbi, stratum pigmenti retinae, tapetum nigrum, tapetum oculi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tapeworm
The tapeworms or cestodes, are ribbon-shaped segmented worms which inhabit the intestinal tract of many vertebrates (including humans). most tapeworm infections occur in Africa, Yugoslavia, the Middle East, Southeast Asia, Mexico and parts of South America and the U.S.S.R. Some forms may be contracted (in the U.S.) from infected dogs or cats (more …

tapeworm, african
See Taenia saginata. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

tapeworm, armed
See Taenia solium. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

tapeworm, beef
See Taenia saginata. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

tapeworm, measly
See Taenia solium. The word measly does not imply that this is a puny tapeworm. Measly here refers to meat infested with the larval form of the pork tapeworm (t. Solium). From eating the measly meat, you can acquire the tapeworm. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

tapeworm, pork
See taenia solium ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

taphophilia
Morbid attraction for graves. ... Origin: G. Taphos, grave, + phileo, to love ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

taphophobia
<psychology> Morbid fear of being buried alive. ... Origin: G. Taphos, the grave, + phobos, fear ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Tapia, Antonio
<person> Spanish otolaryngologist, 1875-1950. ... See: Tapia's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Tapia's syndrome
<syndrome> Unilateral paralysis of the larynx, the velum palati, and the tongue, with atrophy of the latter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tapinocephalic
Having a low flat head; relating to tapinocephaly. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tapinocephaly
A condition of flat head in which the skull has a vertical index below 72; similar to chamecephaly. ... Origin: G. Tapeinos, low, + kephale, head ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tapioca
A starch from the root of Janipha manihot and other species of J. (family Euphorbiaceae), plants of tropical America; an easily digested starch, free of irritant properties. ... Synonym: cassava starch. ... Origin: Braz. Tipioca ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tapir
<zoology> Any one of several species of large odd-toed ungulates belonging to Tapirus, Elasmognathus, and allied genera. They have a long prehensile upper lip, short ears, short and stout legs, a short, thick tail, and short, close hair. They have three toes on the hind feet, and four toes on the fore feet, but the outermost toe is of little …

tapir mouth
Protrusion of the lips due to weakness of the orbicularis oris muscles; seen with some dystrophies. ... Synonym: bouche de tapir. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tapotement
A massage movement consisting in striking with the side of the hand, usually with partly flexed fingers. ... Synonym: tapping. ... Origin: Fr. Fr. Tapoter, to tap ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tapping
Synonym: tapotement. ... Synonym: paracentesis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

taproot
The main, descending root of a plant that has a single, dominant main stem. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Taq polymerase
<enzyme, molecular biology> A heat stable DNA polymerase that is normally used in the polymerase chain reaction. It was isolated from Thermobius aquaticus. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

tar
A thick, black, viscous liquid obtained by the distillation of wood, coal, etc, and having a varied composition according to the temperature and material employed in obtaining it. Coal tar. ... <chemical> Mineral tar, a kind of soft native bitumen. Tar board, a strong quality of millboard made from junk and old tarred rope. Tar water. A cold i …

tar acne
Synonym for chloracne ... An occupational acne-like eruption due to prolonged contact with certain chlorinated compounds (naphthalenes and diphenyls); keratinous plugs (comedones) form in the pilosebaceous orifices, and variously sized small papules (2 to 4 mm) develop. ... Synonym: chlorine acne, tar acne. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tar camphor
Synonym for naphthalene ... <chemistry> A white crystalline aromatic hydrocarbon, C10H8, analogous to benzene, and obtained by the distillation of certain bituminous materials, such as the heavy oil of coal tar. It is the type and basis of a large number of derivatives among organic compounds. Formerly called also naphthaline. ... <chemistry …

tar keratosis
Warty lesions of the face and hands resulting from repeated, prolonged exposure to tar and pitch; also occurs as keratoacanthoma-like lesions that can become malignant, particularly on the scrotum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tar syndrome
<syndrome> Tar stands for thrombocytopenia (low blood platelets) and aplasia (absence) of the radius (the long bone on the thumb-side of the forearm), features characterizing this syndrome. There is phocomelia (flipper-limb) with the thumbs always present. The fibula (the smaller bone in the lower leg) is often absent. The risk of bleeding fr …

tar-water
A cold infusion of tar in water, formerly regarded as a cure-all. (webster, 3d ed) ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

tara
<radiobiology> Medium scale tandem mirror device commissioned at MIT in 1984 to develop greater understanding of basic tandem mirror physics, with emphasis on microstability properties, thermal barrier formation, and RF heating. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

tarantism
<medicine> A nervous affection producing melancholy, stupor, and an uncontrollable desire to dance. It was supposed to be produced by the bite of the tarantula, and considered to be incapable of cure except by protraced dancing to appropriate music. ... Alternative forms: tarentism. ... Origin: It. Tarantismo: cf. F. Tarentisme. See Tarantula.< …

tarantula
<zoology> Any one of several species of large spiders, popularly supposed to be very venomous, especially the European species (Tarantula apuliae). The tarantulas of Texas and adjacent countries are large species of Mygale. ... Alternative forms: tarentula ... Tarantula killer, a very large wasp (Pompilus formosus), which captures the Texan tar …

taraxacum
The dried rhizome and root of Taraxacum officinale (family Compositae), the dandelion, a wild plant of wide distribution throughout the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere; a tonic and hepatic stimulant. ... Origin: Mod. L. Fr. Ar. Tarakshagun, wild chicory ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Tardieu, Auguste
<person> French physician, 1818-1879. ... See: Tardieu's ecchymoses, Tardieu's petechiae, Tardieu's spots. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Tardieu's ecchymoses
Subpleural and subpericardial petechiae or ecchymoses (or both), as observed in the tissues of persons who have been strangled, or otherwise asphyxiated. ... Synonym: Tardieu's petechiae, Tardieu's spots. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Tardieu's petechiae
Synonym for Tardieu's ecchymoses ... Subpleural and subpericardial petechiae or ecchymoses (or both), as observed in the tissues of persons who have been strangled, or otherwise asphyxiated. ... Synonym: Tardieu's petechiae, Tardieu's spots. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Tardieu's spots
Synonym for Tardieu's ecchymoses ... Subpleural and subpericardial petechiae or ecchymoses (or both), as observed in the tissues of persons who have been strangled, or otherwise asphyxiated. ... Synonym: Tardieu's petechiae, Tardieu's spots. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tardive
Marked by lateness, late, said of a disease in which the characteristic lesion is late in appearing. ... Origin: Fr. Tardy = late ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

tardive cyanosis
cyanose tardive ...

tardive dyskinesia
A syndrome of potentially irreversible, involuntary, dyskinetic movements that may develop in patients who have been treated with antipsychotic medications (for example phenothiazines) longer-term. Other drugs known to cause tardive dyskinesia include: tricyclic antidepressants, selegiline, clozapine, levamisole and metoclopramide. ... (27 Sep 1997) …

tardy
1. Moving with a slow pace or motion; slow; not swift. 'And check the tardy flight of time.' (Sandys) 'Tardy to vengeance, and with mercy brave.' (Prior) ... 2. Not being inseason; late; dilatory; opposed to prompt; as, to be tardy in one's payments. 'The tardy plants in our cold orchards placed.' (Waller) ... 3. Unwary; unready. ... 4. Criminal; guil …

tare
1. A weed that grows among wheat and other grain; alleged by modern naturalists to be the Lolium temulentum, or darnel. 'Didst not thou sow good seed in thy field? From whence then hath it tares?' (Matt. Xiii. 27) 'The 'darnel' is said to be the tares of Scripture, and is the only deleterious species belonging to the whole order.' (Baird) ... 2. < …

target
1. An object fixed as goal or point of examination. ... 2. In the ophthalmometer, the mire. ... Synonym: target organ. ... 4. Anode of an X-ray tube. ... See: X-ray. ... Origin: It. Targhetta, a small shield ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

target behaviour
Operant in behaviour modification therapy, the prescribed behaviour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

target cell
An erythrocyte in target cell anaemia, with a dark centre surrounded by a light band that again is encircled by a darker ring; it thus resembles a shooting target; such cell's also appear after splenectomy. ... A cell lysed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, as in graft rejection. ... Synonym: Mexican hat cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

target cell anaemia
Any anaemia with a conspicuous number of target cells in the peripheral blood; characteristic of the thalassaemias and also found in several haemoglobinopathies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

target gland
The effector that functions when stimulated by the internal secretion of another gland or by some other stimulus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

target lesions of liver-spleen
<radiology> Lymphosarcoma (including Kaposi sarcoma), melanoma ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

target organ
A tissue or organ upon which a hormone exerts its action; generally, a tissue or organ with appropriate receptors for a hormone. ... Synonym: target. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

target patient
In group therapy, the patient being analyzed in turn by another member patient. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

target plasma
<radiobiology> Plasma used to trap a neutral atom beam. A background plasma of sufficiently high density and temperature can ionize neutral atoms more effectively than the Lorentz process (where v cross B creates effective electric field). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

target regulation
<physiology> General term for an interaction between neurons and their targets by which target derived signals influence the differentiation of the innervating neurons. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

target response
Synonym for operant ... In conditioning, any behaviour or specific response chosen by the experimenter; its frequency is intended to increase or decrease by the judicious pairing with it of a reinforcer when it occurs. ... Synonym: target behaviour, target response. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

targeted drug delivery
Delivering a drug to a specific site in the body where it has the greatest effect, instead of allowing it to diffuse to various sites, where it may cause damage or trigger side effects. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

targeting
The process of having proteins contain certain signals such that the proteins are directed specifically towards certain cellular locations, e.g., the lysosome. ... Compare: processing. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

targets
<radiobiology> Fuel pellets which are imploded in inertial confinement fusion experiments. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Tarin, Pierre
<person> French anatomist, 1725-1761. ... See: Tarin's space, Tarin's tenia, Tarin's valve, valvula semilunaris tarini, velum tarini. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Tarin's space
Synonym for interpeduncular cistern ... A dilation of the subarachnoid space in front of the pons, where the arachnoid membrane stretches across between the two temporal lobes over the base of the diencephalon. ... See: interpeduncular fossa. ... Synonym: cisterna interpeduncularis, basal cistern, cisterna basalis, cisterna cruralis, Tarin's space. …

Tarin's tenia
Synonym for terminal stria ... A slender, compact fibre bundle that connects the amygdala (amygdaloid body) with the hypothalamus and other basal forebrain regions. Originating from the amygdala, the bundle passes first caudalward in the roof of the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle; it follows the medial side of the caudate nucleus forward in …

Tarin's valve
Synonym for inferior medullary velum ... A thin sheet of white matter, hidden by the cerebellar tonsil, attached along the peduncle of the flocculus and, at and near the midline, to the nodulus of the vermis; it is continuous caudally with the epithelial lamina and choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle. ... Synonym: velum medullare inferius, posteri …

tariric acid
An 18-carbon acid, CH3(CH2)10C&equiv;C(CH2)4CO OH, notable for the presence of a triple bond. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Tarlov, Isadore Max
<person> U. S. Surgeon, *1905. ... See: Tarlov's cyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Tarlov's cyst
A perineural cyst found in the proximal radicles of the lower spinal cord; it is usually productive of symptoms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Tarnier, Etienne Stephane
<person> French obstetrician, 1828-1897. ... See: Tarnier's forceps. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Tarnier's forceps
A type of axis-traction forceps. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tarpum
<zoology> A very large marine fish (Megapolis Atlanticus) of the Southern United States and the West Indies. It often becomes six or more feet in length, and has large silvery scales. The scales are a staple article of trade, and are used in fancywork. ... Synonym: tarpon, sabalo, savanilla, silverfish, and jewfish. ... Source: Websters Diction …

tarragon oil
A volatile oil distilled from the leaves of Artemisia dranculus (family Compositae); a flavoring. ... Synonym: estragon oil. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tarry cyst
A cyst or collection of old blood having a tarry or black, sticky appearance; usually due to endometriosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tars
Viscous materials composed of complex, high-molecular-weight compounds derived from the distillation of petroleum or the destructive distillation of wood or coal. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

tarsadenitis
An obsolete term for inflammation of the tarsal borders of the eyelids and meibomian glands. ... Origin: tarsus + G. Aden, gland, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tarsal arch
See: arterial arch of lower eyelid, arterial arch of upper eyelid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tarsal bones
The seven bones which form the tarsus - namely, calcaneus, talus, cuboid, navicular, and first, second and third cuneiforms. The tarsus is a skeletal part of the foot. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

tarsal canal
tarsal sinus ...

tarsal cartilage
Incorrect term sometimes applied to the inferior tarsus and superior tarsus. ... See: tarsus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tarsal coalition
<radiology> Abnormal fusion of one or more tarsal bones, aetiology: congenital, infection, trauma, articular disorders, surgery, age: 20-30's, symptoms: pain upon standing or with prolonged activity types:, calcaneonavicular most common, seen on 45 degree medial oblique view, talocalcaneal usually b/w talus and sustentaculum tali, talar beaki …

tarsal cyst
Also called a Meibomian cyst or a chalazian. A tarsal cyst is an inflammation of the oil gland of the eyelid. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

tarsal fold
The fold marking the attachment of the levator palpebrae superioris muscle into the skin of the upper eyelid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tarsal glands
Sebaceous glands embedded in the tarsal plate of each eyelid, discharging at the edge of the lid near the posterior border. Their secretions create a lipid barrier along the margin of the eyelids which contains the normal secretions in the conjunctival sac by preventing the watery fluid from spilling over the barrier when the eye is open. ... Synony …

tarsal joints
Synonym for intertarsal joints ... The synovial joints which unite the tarsal bones. ... Synonym: articulationes intertarseae, intertarsal articulations, tarsal joints. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tarsal ligaments
The ligaments that interconnect the tarsal bones; they are grouped into three sets: dorsal tarsal ligaments, interosseous tarsal ligaments, and plantar tarsal ligaments, and are individually named according to their attachments. ... Synonym: ligamenta tarsi. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tarsal plates
See: superior tarsus, inferior tarsus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tarsal tunnel syndrome
<syndrome> Compression of the posterior tibial nerve caused by thickening of the laciniate ligament or by gouty or arthritic deposits around the ankle joint leading to symptoms of pain or paresthesia over the sole of the foot. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

tarsalgia
Synonym: podalgia. ... Origin: tarsus + G. Algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tarsalis
See: inferior tarsal muscle, superior tarsal muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tarsectopia
Tarsectopy ... Subluxation of one or more tarsal bones. ... Origin: tarsus + G. Ektopos, out of place ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tarsen
Within the tarsus; relating to the tarsus independent of other structures. ... Origin: tarsus + G. En, in ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

tarsiatura
A kind of mosaic in woodwork, much employed in Italy in the fifteenth century and later, in which scrolls and arabesques, and sometimes architectural scenes, landscapes, fruits, flowers, and the like, were produced by inlaying pieces of wood of different colours and shades into panels usually of walnut wood. ... Origin: It. ... Source: Websters Dicti …