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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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tarsiidaeA family of the haplorhini suborder of primates, consisting of one genus, tarsius, that inhabits southern sumatra, borneo, sulawesi, and the philippines. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
tarsitis1. Inflammation of the tarsus of the foot. ... 2. Inflammation of the tarsal border of an eyelid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tarso-<anatomy, prefix> A combining form used in anatomy to indicate connection with, or relation to, the tarsus; as, tarsometatarsus. ... (29 Oct 1998) ...
tarso-orbitalRelating to the eyelids and the orbit. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tarsochiloplastyAn obsolete term for a blepharoplasty of the tarsal margin of the eyelid. ... Origin: tarso-+ G. Cheilos, lip, + plasso, to form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tarsoclasiaInstrumental fracture of the tarsus, for the correction of talipes equinovarus. ... Origin: tarso-+ G. Klasis, a breaking ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tarsoepiphyseal aclasisEpiphysealis hemimelica, affects ankles and knees leading to limitation of motion. ... Synonym: Trevor's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tarsomalaciaSoftening of the tarsal cartilages of the eyelids. ... Origin: tarso-+ G. Malakia, softness ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tarsomegalyA congenital maldevelopment and overgrowth of a tarsal or carpal bone. ... Synonym: dysplasia epiphysialis hemimelia. ... Origin: tarso-+ G. Megas, large ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tarsometatarsal jointsThe three synovial joints between the tarsal and metatarsal bones, consisting of a medial joint between the first cuneiform and first metatarsal, an intermediate joint between the second and third cuneiforms and corresponding metatarsals, and a lateral joint between the cuboid and fourth and fifth metatarsals. ... Synonym: articulationes tarsometata …
tarsometatarsal ligamentsThe ligaments that unite tarsal and metatarsal bones; they are arranged in dorsal, interosseous, and plantar sets. ... Synonym: ligamenta tarsometatarsalia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tarsophalangealRelating to the tarsus and the phalanges. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tarsophalangeal reflexExtension of all the toes except the first, when the outer part of the tarsus is tapped; in certain cerebral diseases the reverse takes place, the toes being flexed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tarsophymaAn obsolete word for a tarsal tumour. ... Origin: tarso-+ G. Phyma, a tumour, boil ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tarsotibial amputationAmputation through the ankle joint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tarsusOrigin: NL, fr. Gr. The flat of the foot, the edge of the eyelid. Cf. 2d Tarse. ... 1. <anatomy> The ankle; the bones or cartilages of the part of the foot between the metatarsus and the leg, consisting in man of seven short bones. A plate of dense connective tissue or cartilage in the eyelid of man and many animals. ... Synonym: tarsal cartila …
tarsus inferiorSynonym for inferior tarsus ... The fibrous plate in the lower eyelid. ... Synonym: tarsus inferior. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tarsus superiorSynonym for superior tarsus ... The fibrous plate in the upper eyelid. ... Synonym: tarsus superior. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tart1. Sharp to the taste; acid; sour; as, a tart apple. ... 2. Sharp; keen; severe; as, a tart reply; tart language; a tart rebuke. 'Why art thou tart, my brother?' (Bunyan) ... Origin: AS. Teart. 63. Cf. Tear. ... A species of small open pie, or piece of pastry, containing jelly or conserve; a sort of fruit pie. ... Origin: OE. Tarte, F. Tarte; perhaps o …
tart cellA monocyte with an engulfed nucleus in which the structure is still well preserved. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tartanWoolen cloth, checkered or crossbarred with narrow bands of various colours, much worn in the Highlands of Scotland; hence, any pattern of tartan; also, other material of a similar pattern. 'MacCullummore's heart will be as cold as death can make it, when it does not warm to the tartan.' (Sir W. Scott) 'The sight of the tartan inflamed the populace …
tartar<dentistry> Another name for calculus ... (08 Jan 1998) ...
tartar emeticSynonym for antimony potassium tartrate ... <chemical> Bis(mu-(2,3-dihydroxybutanedioato(4-)-o(1),o(2):o(3),o(4)))diantimonate(2-) dipotassium trihydrate, stereoisomer. A schistosomicide possibly useful against other parasites. It has irritant emetic properties and may cause lethal cardiac toxicity among other adverse effects. ... Pharmacologic …
tartaricOf or pertaining to Tartary in Asia, or the Tartars. ... <botany> Tartarian lamb, Scythian lamb. See Barometz. ... <chemistry> Of or pertaining to tartar; derived from, or resembling, tartar. Tartaric acid. An acid widely diffused throughout the vegetable kingdom, as in grapes, mountain-ash berries, etc, and obtained from tartar as a whit …
tartaric acidHOOC-CHOH-CHOH-COOH; Dihydroxysuccinic acid;made from crude tartar; a laxative and refrigerant; used in the manufacture of various effervescing powders, tablets, and granules. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase<biochemistry, enzyme> Acid phosphatase is present in bone, prostate, platelets, erythrocytes and spleen. ... Osteoclasts contain an isoenzyme that is resistant to tartrate, whereas, the isoenzyme in the prostate is sensitive. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase is elevated in the serum of patients with primary hypoparathyroidism, Paget diseas …
tartrated antimonySynonym for antimony potassium tartrate ... <chemical> Bis(mu-(2,3-dihydroxybutanedioato(4-)-o(1),o(2):o(3),o(4)))diantimonate(2-) dipotassium trihydrate, stereoisomer. A schistosomicide possibly useful against other parasites. It has irritant emetic properties and may cause lethal cardiac toxicity among other adverse effects. ... Pharmacologic …
tartro-<chemistry, prefix> A combining form (also used adjectively) used in chemistry to denote the presence of tartar or of some of its compounds or derivatives. ... (29 Oct 1998) ...
tasimer<physics> An instrument for detecting or measuring minute extension or movements of solid bodies. It consists essentially of a small rod, disk, or button of carbon, forming part of an electrical circuit, the resistance of which, being varied by the changes of pressure produced by the movements of the object to be measured, causes variations i …
task performance and analysisThe detailed examination of observable activity or behaviour associated with the execution or completion of a required function or unit of work. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
tasmaniaAn island south of Australia and the smallest state of the commonwealth. Its capital is hobart. It was discovered and named van diemen's island in 1642 by abel tasman, a dutch navigator, in honor of the dutch governor-general of the dutch east indian colonies. It was renamed for the discoverer in 1853. In 1803 it was taken over by great britain and …
tasmanianOf or pertaining to Tasmania, or Van Diemen's Land. N. A native or inhabitant of Tasmania; specifically (Ethnol), in the plural, the race of men that formerly inhabited Tasmania, but is now extinct. Tasmanain cider tree. ... <botany> A savage carnivorous marsupial. ... Synonym: zebra wolf. See Zebra wolf, under Wolf. ... Source: Websters Diction …
tassel<veterinary> A male hawk. See Tercel. ... 1. A pendent ornament, attached to the corners of cushions, to curtains, and the like, ending in a tuft of loose threads or cords. ... 2. The flower or head of some plants, especially. When pendent. 'And the maize field grew and ripened, Till it stood in all the splendor Of its garments green and yellow …
taste1. To try by the touch; to handle; as, to taste a bow. 'Taste it well and stone thou shalt it find.' (Chaucer) ... 2. To try by the touch of the tongue; to perceive the relish or flavor of (anything) by taking a small quantity into a mouth. Also used figuratively. 'When the ruler of the feast had tasted the water that was made wine.' (John II. 9) 'W …
taste blindnessInability to appreciate gustatory stimuli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
taste budsSmall sensory organs which contain gustatory receptor cells, basal cells, and supporting cells. Taste buds in humans are found in the epithelia of the tongue, palate, and pharynx. They are innervated by the chorda tympani nerve (a branch of the facial nerve) and the glossopharyngeal nerve. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
taste cellsDarkly staining cell's in a taste bud that appear to have extending into the gustatory pore long hair-like microvilli containing a number of closely packed microtubules; the taste cell's stand in synaptic contact with sensory nerve fibres of the facial, glossopharyngeal, or vagus nerves. ... Synonym: gustatory cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
taste deficiencyReduced or absent ability to detect a bitter taste in a group of compounds of which phenylthiocarbamide is the prototype, due to the homozygous state of a common allele. ... See: phenylthiourea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
taste hairsHairlike projections of gustatory cells of taste buds; electron micrographs show them to be clusters of microvilli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
taste poreSynonym for gustatory pore ... The minute opening of a taste bud on the surface of the oral mucosa through which the gustatory hairs of the specialised neuroepithelial gustatory cells project. ... Synonym: porus gustatorius, taste pore. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
taste ridgeOne of the ridge's surrounding the vallate papillae of the tongue. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
taste thresholdThe minimum concentration at which taste sensitivity to a particular substance or food can be perceived. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
taster1. One who tastes; especially, one who first tastes food or drink to ascertain its quality. 'Thy tutor be thy taster, ere thou eat.' (Dryden) ... 2. That in which, or by which, anything is tasted, as, a dram cup, a cheese taster, or the like. ... 3. <zoology> One of a peculiar kind of zooids situated on the polyp-stem of certain Siphonophora. T …
tat<protein> An HIV protein that helps produce new complete HIV RNA genomes (see), and ultimately new virus, from the HIV DNA genetic template present in infected cells. ... Tat may also be involved in: 1) the reactivation of other latent viruses in people with AIDS, such as JC virus, the cause of PML, 2) the development of AIDS-related KS by sti …
Tat protein<molecular biology> Transactivator protein from lentiviruses, notably HIV. Sequence specific RNA binding proteins that recognise TAR RNA. Peptides from this protein are potent neurotoxins, implying a possible route for HIV mediated toxicity. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
tat-associated kinase<enzyme> Abbreviated tak; binds to activation domain of tat ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... Synonym: p-tefb, positive transcriptional elongation factor b ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
TATA box<molecular biology> A consensus sequence found in the promoter region of most genes transcribed by eukaryotic RNA polymerase II. Found about 25 nucleotides before the site of initiation of transcription and has the consensus sequence: 5' TATAAAA 3'. This sequence seems to be important in determining accurately the position at which transcript …
tatouay<zoology> An armadillo (Xenurus unicinctus), native of the tropical parts of South America. It has about thirteen movable bands composed of small, nearly square, scales. The head is long; the tail is round and tapered, and nearly destitute of scales; the claws of the fore feet are very large. ... Synonym: tatouary, and broad-banded armadillo.< …
tattler1. One who tattles; an idle talker; one who tells tales. ... 2. <zoology> Any one of several species of large, long-legged sandpipers belonging to the genus Totanus. ... The common American species are the greater tattler, or telltale (T. Melanoleucus), the smaller tattler, or lesser yellowlegs (T. Flavipes), the solitary tattler (T. Solitarius …
tattooingThe insertion of permanent colours in the skin by introducing them through punctures. Tattooing of the cornea is the permanent colouring of the cornea chiefly to conceal leukomatous spots. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
tau<radiobiology> Label generally used to represent confinement time ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
Tau protein<cell biology> Protein (60-70 kD) that co purifies with tubulin through cycles of assembly and disassembly and the first microtubule associated protein to be characterised. Tau proteins are a family made by alternative splicing of a single gene. It has tandem repeats of a tubulin binding domain and promotes tubulin assembly. Although tau prot …
tau proteinsOne of the two major classes of microtubule-associated proteins isolated from the brain. The proteins have two domains: one that binds to microtubules and a second that binds to other cell components. By binding to several unpolymerised tubulin molecules simultaneously, tau proteins speed up the nucleation process in tubulin polymerization. Chemica …
tau-protein kinase<enzyme> Phosphorylates tau protein at four distinct sites ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.135 ... Synonym: tpki kinase, tau protein kinase i ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
tau-tubulin kinase<enzyme> Mw 32 kD; phosphorylates tau, beta-tubulin, map2 and alpha-casein; novel and distinct fram tau protein kinase I and II ... Registry number: EC 2.7.10.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
taurine<amino acid> Is one of the most abundant amino acids in the body. It is found in the central nervous system, skeletal muscle and is very concentrated in the brain and heart. It is synthesised from the amino acids methionine and cysteine, in conjunction with vitamin B6. Animal protein is a good source of taurine, as it is not found in vegetabl …
taurine dehydrogenase<enzyme> Catalyses the dehydrogenation of taurine with the formation of sulfoacetaldehyde, ammonia and a reduced receptor; nature of receptor is not known ... Registry number: EC 1.4.99.2 ... Synonym: taurine(acceptor) oxidoreductase (deaminating) ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
taurochenodeoxycholic acid<chemical> 2-(((3 alpha, 5 beta, 7 alpha)-3,7-dihydroxy-24-oxocholan-24-yl)amino)ethanesulfonic acid. A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of chenodeoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It acts as detergent to solubilise fats in the small intestine and is itself absorbed. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic. …
taurocholic<physiology> Pertaining to, or designating, a conjugate acid (called taurocholic acid) composed of taurine and cholic acid, present abundantly in human bile and in that of carnivora. It is exceedingly deliquescent, and hence appears generally as a thick, gummy mass, easily soluble in water and alcohol. It has a bitter taste. ... Origin: Taurin …
taurocholic acid<chemical> 2-(((3 alpha, 5 beta,7 alpha,12 alpha)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-24-oxocholan-24-yl)amino)ethanesulfonic acid. The product of conjugation of cholic acid with taurine. Its sodium salt is the chief ingredient of the bile of carnivorous animals. It acts as a detergent to solubilise fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is used as a c …
taurodeoxycholic acid<chemical> 2-(((3 alpha, 5 beta,12 alpha)-3,12-dihydro-24-oxocholan-24-yl)amino)ethanesulfonic acid. A bile salt formed in the liver by conjugation of deoxycholate with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It is used as a cholagogue and choleretic, also industrially as a fat emulsifier. ... Pharmacological action: cholagogues and choleretics, …
taurodontismA developmental anomaly involving molar teeth in which the bifurcation or trifurcation of the roots is very near the apex, resulting in an abnormally large and long pulp chamber with exceedingly short pulp canals. ... Origin: L. Taurus, bull, + G. Odous, tooth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
taurolithocholic acid<chemical> 2-(((3 alpha,5 beta)-3-hydroxy-24-oxocholan-24-yl)amino)ethanesulfonic acid. A bile salt formed in the liver from lithocholic acid conjugation with taurine, usually as the sodium salt. It solubilises fats for absorption and is itself absorbed. It is a cholagogue and choleretic. ... Pharmacological action: cholagogues and choleretics …
tauropine dehydrogenase<enzyme> Converts NADH + h+ +pyruvate + taurine to nad + tauropine (n-(d-1-carboxyethyl)taurine) ... Registry number: EC 1.5.1.- ... Synonym: tauropine-nad oxidoreductase, rhodoic acid dehydrogenase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
taurus1. <astronomy> The Bull; the second in order of the twelve signs of the zodiac, which the sun enters about the 20th of April; marked thus in almanacs. A zodiacal constellation, containing the well-known clusters called the Pleiades and the Hyades, in the latter of which is situated the remarkably bright Aldebaran. ... 2. <zoology> A genu …
TaussigHelen B., U.S. Paediatrician, *1898. ... See: Taussig-Bing disease, Taussig-Bing syndrome, Blalock-Taussig operation, Blalock-Taussig shunt. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Taussig-Bing diseaseSynonym for Taussig-Bing syndrome ... <syndrome> Complete transposition of the aorta, which arises from the right ventricle, with a left sided pulmonary artery overriding the left ventricle, and with high ventricular septal defect, right ventricular hypertrophy, anteriorly situated aorta, and posteriorly situated pulmonary artery. ... Synonym: …
Taussig-Bing syndrome<syndrome> Complete transposition of the aorta, which arises from the right ventricle, with a left sided pulmonary artery overriding the left ventricle, and with high ventricular septal defect, right ventricular hypertrophy, anteriorly situated aorta, and posteriorly situated pulmonary artery. ... Synonym: Taussig-Bing disease. ... (05 Mar 2000 …
tautochrone<mathematics> A curved line, such that a heavy body, descending along it by the action of gravity, will always arrive at the lowest point in the same time, wherever in the curve it may begin to fall; as, an inverted cycloid with its base horizontal is a tautochrone. ... Origin: Gr, for the same + time: cf. F. Tautochrone. ... Source: Websters D …
tautog<zoology> An edible labroid fish (Haitula onitis, or Tautoga onitis) of the Atlantic coast of the United States. When adult it is nearly black, more or less irregularly barred, with greenish gray. ... Synonym: blackfish, oyster fish, salt-water chub, and moll. ... Alternative forms: tautaug. ... Origin: The pl. Of taut, the American Indian name, …
tautology<study> A repetition of the same meaning in different words; needless repetition of an idea in different words or phrases; a representation of anything as the cause, condition, or consequence of itself, as in the following lines: 'The dawn is overcast, the morning lowers, And heavily in clouds brings on the day.' (Addison) ... Synonym: Repetit …
tautomenialRelating to the same menstrual period. ... Origin: G. Tautos, the same, + men, month ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tautomeric fibresNerve fibre's of the spinal cord that do not extend beyond the limits of the spinal cord segment in which they originate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
tautomerism<chemistry> The condition, quality, or relation of metameric substances, or their respective derivatives, which are more or less interchangeable, according as one form or the other is the more stable. It is a special case of metamerism; thus, the lactam and the lactim compounds exhibit tautomerism. ... Origin: Gr., for the same + part. ... Sour …
tautomycin<drug> Antibiotic, inhibitor of type 1 and Type 2a protein phosphatases. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
tautonymy<zoology> One and the same name applied both to a genus and to an included species for example Bison bison. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...
taw1. To prepare or dress, as hemp, by beating; to tew; hence, to beat; to scourge. ... 2. To dress and prepare, as the skins of sheep, lambs, goats, and kids, for gloves, and the like, by imbuing them with alum, salt, and other agents, for softening and bleaching them. ... Origin: OE. Tawen, tewen, AS. Tawian to prepare; cf. D. Touwen, Goth. Tewa order …
TawaraK. Sunao, Japanese pathologist, 1873-1952. ... See: Tawara's node, His-Tawara system, node of Aschoff and Tawara. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Tawara's nodeSynonym for atrioventricular node ... <cardiology> The location in the heart's conduction system, between the atria and the ventricles, which conducts the normal electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
tax exemptionStatus not subject to taxation; as the income of a philanthropic organization. Tax-exempt organizations may also qualify to receive tax-deductible donations if they are considered to be nonprofit corporations under section 501(c)3 of the united states internal revenue code. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
taxaPlural of taxon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
taxa-4(5),11(12)-diene synthase<enzyme> Catalyses the cyclization of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate to taxa-4(5),11(12)-diene, the first step to taxol biosynthesis ... Registry number: EC 5.- ... Synonym: taxadiene synthase, taxadiene cyclase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
taxel<zoology> The American badger. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...
taxesGovernmental levies on property, inheritance, gifts, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
taxis<cell biology> A response in which the direction of movement is affected by an environmental cue. Should be clearly distinguished from a kinesis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
taxol<drug> A drug isolated from the yew tree (Taxus brevifolis) that stabilises microtubules: analogous in this respect to phalloidin that stabilises microfilaments. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...
taxonA group or category, at any level, in a system for classifying plants or animals. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
taxonomicRelating to taxonomy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
taxonomic group<zoology> A taxon with all its subordinate taxa and their individuals, for example the taxonomic group Insecta consists of all insects and their taxa. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...
taxonomy<zoology> The theories and techniques of naming, describing, and classifying organisms, the study of the relationships of taxa,including positional changes which do not involve changes in the names of taxa. ... The taxonomic hierarchy is, from top to bottom: kingdom, phylum (for animals) or division (for plants and fungi), class, order, family …
Tay-Sachs carrier<genetics> One who carries the recessive gene that is responsible for Tay-Sachs disease. Genetic testing for this fatal disease is crucial so that Tay-Sachs carriers can be identified and provided with genetic counseling. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
Tay-Sachs disease<disease> A genetic disorder found in east European Jewish families which can result in early death bu affecting the brain and nerves by causing abnormal lipid metabolism. It is a lysosomal disease in which there is a deficiency of hexosaminidase A, an enzyme that degrades ganglioside GM2. ... Symptoms appear at age 3-6 months and include blin …
Tay, Warren<person> English physician, 1843-1927. ... See: Tay's cherry-red spot, Tay-Sachs disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Tay's cherry-red spotSynonym for cherry-red spot ... The ophthalmoscopic appearance of the normal choroid beneath the fovea centralis, appearing as a red spot surrounded by white retinal oedema in central artery closure or lipid infiltration in sphingolipidosis. ... Synonym: Tay's cherry-red spot. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Taybi, Hooshang<person> U.S. Paediatrician and radiologist, *1919. ... See: Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Taylor, Charles<person> U.S. Orthopedic surgeon, 1827-1899. ... See: Taylor's back brace, Taylor's apparatus, Taylor's splint. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Taylor, Robert<person> U.S. Dermatologist, 1842-1908. ... See: Taylor's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Taylor's apparatustaylor's back brace ...
Taylor's diseaseDiffuse idiopathic cutaneous atrophy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Taylor's splinttaylor's back brace ...
