Copy of `mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.

mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

sural nerve
<anatomy, nerve> A branch of the tibial nerve which supplies sensory innervation to parts of the lower leg and foot. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sural region
The muscular swelling of the back of the leg below the knee, formed chiefly by the bellies of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles. ... Synonym: regio suralis, sura, calf. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

suralimentation
Synonym: hyperalimentation. ... Origin: Fr. Sur, fr. L. Super, above ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

suramin
<chemical> A polyanionic compound with an unknown mechanism of action. It is used parenterally in the treatment of african trypanosomiasis and it has been used clinically with diethylcarbamazine to kill the adult onchocerca. It has also been shown to have potent antineoplastic properties. ... Pharmacological action: antinematodal agent, antine …

suramin sodium
C51H34N6O23S6Na6; a complex derivative of urea; used in the treatment of trypanosomiasis, onchocerciasis, and pemphigus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surd
1. Net having the sense of hearing; deaf. 'A surd . . . Generation.' ... 2. Unheard. ... 3. <mathematics> Involving surds; not capable of being expressed in rational numbers; radical; irrational; as, a surd expression or quantity; a surd number. ... 4. Uttered, as an element of speech, without tone, or proper vocal sound; voiceless; unintonated; …

surdity
Alternative term for deafness. ... Origin: L. Surditas ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

surdocardiac syndrome
Synonym for Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome ... <syndrome> A prolonged Q-T interval recorded in the electrocardiogram of certain congenitally deaf children subject to attacks of unconsciousness resulting from Adams-Stokes seizures and ventricular fibrillation; autosomal recessive inheritance. ... Synonym: surdocardiac syndrome. ... (05 Mar 20 …

surface
1. The exterior part of anything that has length and breadth; one of the limits that bound a solid, especially. The upper face; superficies; the outside; as, the surface of the earth; the surface of a diamond; the surface of the body. 'The bright surface of this ethereous mold.' (Milton) ... 2. Hence, outward or external appearance. 'Vain and weak u …

surface active compound
<biochemistry> Usually, in biological systems, means a detergent like molecule that is amphipathic and that will bind to the plasma membrane or to a surface with which cells come in contact, altering its properties from hydrophobic to hydrophilic or vice versa. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

surface anatomy
The study of the configuration of the surface of the body, especially in its relation to deeper parts. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surface coil
A detector coil applied directly to a body part for high resolution imaging; often a single loop of metal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surface envelope model
<biology> A way of treating the hydrodynamics of a ciliary field by considering the whole surface of the ciliate to have an undulating surface. The undulations arise because of metachronism. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

surface epithelium
A layer of celomic epithelial cells covering the gonadal ridges as they are formed on the medial border of the mesonephroi near the root of the mesentery, the mesothelial covering of the definitive ovary. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surface mucous cells of stomach
Cell's lining the gastric surface and foveolae; a glycoprotein product at the apical end of each cell is secreted and forms a mucous protective film. ... Synonym: theca cells of stomach. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surface plasmon resonance
<chemistry> Alteration in light reflectance as a result of binding of molecules to a surface from which total internal reflection is occuring. ... Used in the Biacore (Pharmacia Trademark) machine that detects the binding of ligand to surface immobilised receptor or antibody. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...

surface potential
<cell biology, physiology> The electrostatic potential due to surface charged groups and adsorbed ions at a surface. ... It is usually measured as the zeta potential at the Helmholtz slipping plane outside the surface. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...

surface tension
The expression of intermolecular attraction at the surface of a liquid, in contact with air or another gas, a solid, or another immiscible liquid, tending to pull the molecules of the liquid inward from the surface; dimensional formula: mt-2. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surface tension theory of narcosis
That substances which lower the surface tension of water pass more readily into the cell and cause narcosis by decreasing metabolism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surface thalamic veins
Synonym for venae directae laterales ... One or more veins running a subependymal course in a coronal plane over the thalamus, terminating in the internal cerebral vein. ... Synonym: lateral direct veins, surface thalamic veins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surface thermometer
A thermometer in the form of a disk or strip that indicates the temperature of the portion of the skin to which it is applied. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surface water
<ecology> Water present above the substrate or soil surface. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

surface-active
Indicating the property of certain agents of altering the physicochemical nature of surfaces and interfaces, bringing about lowering of interfacial tension; they usually possess both lipophilic and hydrophilic groups. ... See: surfactant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surface-active agent
Agents that modify interfacial tension of water; usually substances that have one lipophilic and one hydrophilic group in the molecule; includes soaps, detergents, emulsifiers, dispersing and wetting agents, and several groups of antiseptics. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surfactant
<physiology> A surface active agent, the best known example of which is the lung surfactant that renders the alveolar surfaces hydrophobic and prevents the lung filling with water by capillary action. ... The lung surfactant is produced just at parturition and it has often been speculated that deficiencies in surfactant metabolism might cause …

surfactant subtype convertase
<enzyme> Converts surfactant heavy subtype to light subtype; inhibited by many serine proteinase inhibitors ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- ... Synonym: pst-convertase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

surfactin synthetase
<enzyme> Bacillus subtilis enzyme forms cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic from aspartate, glutamate leucine valine; composed of three srfa gene products, srfaa (e1a),srfab (e1b), and srfac (e2) ... Registry number: EC 6.3.2.- ... Synonym: srfa gene product ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

surfeit
1. Excess in eating and drinking. 'Let not Sir Surfeit sit at thy board.' (Piers Plowman) 'Now comes the sick hour that his surfeit made.' (Shak) ... 2. Fullness and oppression of the system, occasioned often by excessive eating and drinking. 'To prevent surfeit and other diseases that are incident to those that heat their blood by travels.' (Bunyan …

surgeon
<specialist> A medically qualified doctor who has specialised in the removal of organs, masses, tumours, the repair of ruptures, the diversion of channels etc using the knife. ... Traditionally in old England this was left to unqualified barbers and presumably because of inverted snobbery, the modern day medically qualified surgeons may prefer …

surgeon general
The chief medical officer in the U.S. Army, Navy, Air Force, or Public Health Service. In some foreign military services any member of the medical corps who has the rank of general, not necessarily the chief medical officer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgeon's knot
The first loop of the knot has two throws rather than a single throw. The second loop has only one throw and that is placed in a square knot fashion leaving the free ends in the same plane as the first loop. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgery
An operation. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

surgery department, hospital
Hospital department which administers all departmental functions and the provision of surgical, diagnostic, and therapeutic services. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgery, oral
A dental specialty concerned with the diagnosis and surgical treatment of disease, injuries, and defects of the human oral and maxillofacial region. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgery, plastic
The branch of surgery concerned with restoration, reconstruction, or improvement of defective, damaged, or missing structures. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgery, veterinary
A board-certified specialty of veterinary medicine, requiring at least four years of special education, training, and practice of veterinary surgery after graduation from veterinary school. In the written, oral, and practical examinations candidates may choose either large or small animal surgery. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgical
<surgery> Of, pertaining to or correctable by surgery. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

surgical anaesthesia
Any anaesthesia administered for the purpose of permitting performance of an operative procedure, as differentiated from obstetrical, diagnostic, and therapeutic anaesthesia, loss of sensation with muscle relaxation adequate for an operative procedure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgical anatomy
Applied anatomy in reference to surgical diagnosis and treatment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgical appliance
A metal or plastic appliance constructed prior to surgery and used to immobilise or support mucosal, skin, bone, or bone marrow grafts during the postoperative phase. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgical ciliated cyst
A cyst that arises from maxillary sinus epithelium implanted along a line of surgical entry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgical debridement
<procedure, surgery> The surgical removal of dead tissue, debris and contaminants from a wound. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

surgical diathermy
Electrocoagulation with a high frequency electrocautery, resulting in local tissue destruction; usually used to seal blood vessels and arrest bleeding. ... Synonym: diathermocoagulation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgical emphysema
Subcutaneous emphysema from air trapped in the tissues by an operation or injury. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgical equipment
Nonexpendable apparatus used during surgical procedures. They are differentiated from surgical instruments, usually hand-held and used in the immediate operative field. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgical erysipelas
Erysipelas caused by infection of the wound following a surgical procedure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgical flaps
Tongues of tissue (skin and subcutaneous tissue, sometimes including muscle) cut away from the underlying parts but attached at one end. They retain their own blood supply during transfer to the new site. They are used in plastic surgery for filling a defect in a neighboring region. The concept includes pedicled flaps, rotation flaps, tube flaps, e …

surgical instruments
Hand-held tools or implements used by health professionals for the performance of surgical tasks. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgical ligation
In dentistry, the surgical exposure of an unerupted tooth so that a metal ligature can be placed around its cervix and fastened to an orthodontic appliance to facilitate eruption. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgical maggot
A sterilised botfly maggot used in an obsolete therapy of wound debridement and removal of abscessed tissues. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgical mesh
Any woven or knit material of open texture used in surgery for the repair, reconstruction, or substitution of tissue. The mesh is usually a synthetic fabric made of various polymers. It is occasionally made of metal. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgical microscope
<instrument> A binocular microscope used to obtain good visualization of fine structures in the operating field; in the standing type of microscope, a motorised zoom lens system operated by hand or foot controls provides an adjustable working distance; in headborne models, interchangeable oculars provide the magnification needed. ... Synonym: …

surgical neck of humerus
The narrow portion below the head and tuberosities. ... Synonym: collum chirurgicum humeri. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgical oncology
<study> The study of cancer using surgery, usually to remove cancerous tumours and tissue. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

surgical pathology
A field in anatomical pathology concerned with examination of tissues removed from living patients for the purpose of diagnosis of disease and guidance in the care of patients. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgical procedures, elective
Surgery which could be postponed or not done at all without danger to the patient. Elective surgery includes procedures to correct non-life-threatening medical problems as well as to alleviate conditions causing psychological stress or other potential risk to patients, e.g., cosmetic or contraceptive surgery. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgical procedures, endoscopic
Surgery performed with the use of an endoscope. Operative techniques may include use of lasers or electrocautery. The procedure is guided via visualization using fibre optics, video and other remote transmission. Advantages are briefer anaesthesia and operative periods, reduced recovery time, shorter hospitalization, and generally less trauma for t …

surgical procedures, laparoscopic
Surgery performed with the use of a laparoscope. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgical procedures, minor
Surgery restricted to the management of minor problems and injuries; surgical procedures of relatively slight extent and not in itself hazardous to life. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgical prosthesis
An appliance prepared as an aid or as a part of a surgical proceeding, such as a heart valve or cranial plate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgical resection
<procedure, surgery> A term used to describe the surgical removal of tissue. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

surgical silk
Thread prepared from the cocoon filaments of glutinous gum which are spun by the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori; used as suture material in 14 sizes from 0.025 mm to 1.016 mm in diameter and numbered accordingly from 7-0 to 7. ... Virgin silk, an extremely fine ophthalmic suture material consisting of two to seven natural silk filaments bonded togeth …

surgical splint
General term for a device used to maintain tissues in a new position following surgery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgical sponges
Gauze material used to absorb body fluids during surgery. Referred to as gossypiboma if accidentally retained in the body following surgery. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgical staplers
Fastening devices composed of steel-tantalum alloys used to close operative wounds, especially of the skin, which minimises infection by not introducing a foreign body that would connect external and internal regions of the body. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgical stapling
A technique of closing incisions and wounds, or of joining and connecting tissues, in which staples are used as sutures. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgical template
A thin, transparent, resin base shaped to duplicate the form of the impression surface of an immediate denture, used as a guide for surgically shaping the alveolar process to fit an immediate denture, a guide for various osteotomy procedures, a guide for duplicating size and shape for an autogenic (free) gingival graft. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surgical wound dehiscence
Separation of the layers of a surgical wound. It may be partial and superficial only, or complete, with disruption of all layers. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgical wound infection
Infection occurring at the site of a surgical incision. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgically-created structures
Organs or parts of organs surgically formed from nearby tissue to function as substitutes for diseased or surgically removed tissue. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surgicenters
Facilities designed to serve patients who require surgical treatment exceeding the capabilities of usual physician's office yet not of such proportion as to require hospitalization. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

suriname
A republic in the north of south america, bordered on the west by guyana (british guiana) and on the east by french guiana. Its capital is paramaribo. It was formerly called netherlands guiana or dutch guiana or surinam. Suriname was first settled by the english in 1651 but was ceded to the dutch by treaty in 1667. It became an autonomous territory …

surplice
A white garment worn over another dress by the clergy of the Roman Catholic, Episcopal, and certain other churches, in some of their ministrations. Surplice fees, fees paid to the English clergy for occasional duties. ... Origin: F. Surplis, OF. Surpeiz, LL. Superpellicium; super over + pellicium, pelliceum, a robe of fur, L. Pellicius made of skins …

surplus electricity
Electricity produced by cogeneration equipment in excess of the needs of an associated factory or business. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

surprise
1. To come or fall suddenly and unexpectedly; to take unawares; to seize or capture by unexpected attack. 'Fearfulness hath surprised the hypocrites.' (Isa. Xxxiii. 14) 'The castle of Macduff I will surprise.' (Shak) 'Who can speak The mingled passions that surprised his heart?' (Thomson) ... 2. To strike with wonder, astonishment, or confusion, by …

surra
A protozoan disease of camels, horses, mules, dogs, cattle, and other mammals in Africa, Asia, and Central and South America, caused by Trypanosoma evansi; infection is generally by mechanical transmission by a bloodsucking species of Stomoxys or Tabanus. ... See: murrina. ... Origin: East Indian name ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surrogate
1. A person who functions in another's life as a substitute for some third person such as a relative who assumes the nurturing and other responsibilities of the absent parent. ... 2. A person who reminds one of another person so that one uses the first as an emotional substitute for the second. ... Origin: L. Surrogo, to put in another's place ... (05 …

surrogate marker
<biology> A laboratory measurement of biological activity within the body that indirectly indicates the effect of treatment on disease state. ... CD4 cell counts and viral load are examples of surrogate markers in HIV infection. ... (19 Jan 1998) ...

surrogate mother
A woman who has been contracted with to carry a pregnancy for another woman or couple. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

surrogate mothers
Women who allow themselves to be impregnated with the understanding that the offspring are to be given over to the parents who have commissioned the surrogate. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

surroundings
<chemistry> Everything in the universe surrounding a thermodynamic system. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

sursumduction
Synonym: supraduction. ... Origin: L. Sursum, upward, + duco, pp. -ductus, to draw ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sursumversion
The act of rotating the eyes upward. ... Origin: L. Sursum, upward, + verto, pp. Versus, to turn ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

survey
1. To inspect, or take a view of; to view with attention, as from a high place; to overlook; as, to stand on a hill, and survey the surrounding country. 'Round he surveys and well might, where he stood, So high above.' (Milton) ... 2. To view with a scrutinizing eye; to examine. 'With such altered looks, . . . All pale and speechless, he surveyed me …

survey line
A line scribed on an abutment tooth of a dental cast by means of a dental surveyor indicating the height of contour of the tooth according to a specific path of insertion, a line which serves as a guide in the proper location of various parts of a clasp assembly for a removable partial denture. ... Synonym: clasp guideline, Cummer's guideline. ... (0 …

surveying
That branch of applied mathematics which teaches the art of determining the area of any portion of the earth's surface, the length and directions of the bounding lines, the contour of the surface, etc, with an accurate delineation of the whole on paper; the act or occupation of making surveys. Geodetic surveying, geodesy. Maritime, or Nautical, sur …

surveyor
1. One placed to superintend others; an overseer; an inspector. 'Were 't not madness then, To make the fox surveyor of the fold?' (Shak) ... 2. One who views and examines for the purpose of ascertaining the condition, quantity, or quality of anything; as, a surveyor of highways, ordnance, etc. ... 3. One who surveys or measures land; one who practice …

survival
1. A living or continuing longer than, or beyond the existence of, another person, thing, or event; an outliving. ... 2. Any habit, usage, or belief, remaining from ancient times, the origin of which is often unknown, or imperfectly known. 'The close bearing of the doctrine of survival on the study of manners and customs.' (Tylor) Survival of the fi …

survival analysis
A class of statistical procedures for estimating the survival function (function of time, starting with a population 100% well at a given time and providing the percentage of the population still well at later times). The survival analysis is then used for making inferences about the effects of treatments, prognostic factors, exposures, and other c …

survival rate
The proportion of survivors in a group, e.g., of patients, studied and followed over a period, or the proportion of persons in a specified group alive at the beginning of a time interval who survive to the end of the interval. It is often studied using life table methods. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

survival time
The period elapsing between the completion or institution of any procedure and death, the life-span of biologically or physically marked erythrocytes or other cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

survivors
Persons who have experienced a prolonged survival after serious disease or who continue to live with a usually life-threatening condition as well as family members, significant others, or individuals surviving traumatic life events. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

susceptibility
Origin: Cf. F. Susceptibilite. ... 1. The state or quality of being susceptible; the capability of receiving impressions, or of being affected. ... 2. Specifically, capacity for deep feeling or emotional excitement; sensibility, in its broadest acceptation; impressibility; sensitiveness. ... <physics> Magnetic susceptibility, the intensity of ma …

susceptibility testing
The determination of the ability of an antibiotic to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

susceptible
1. Capable of admitting anything additional, or any change, affection, or influence; readily acted upon; as, a body susceptible of colour or of alteration. 'It sheds on souls susceptible of light, The glorious dawn of our eternal day.' (Young) ... 2. Capable of impression; having nice sensibility; impressible; tender; sensitive; as, children are mor …

suspect
1. To imagine to exist; to have a slight or vague opinion of the existence of, without proof, and often upon weak evidence or no evidence; to mistrust; to surmise; commonly used regarding something unfavorable, hurtful, or wrong; as, to suspect the presence of disease. 'Nothing makes a man suspect much, more than to know little; and therefore men s …

suspend
1. To attach to something above; to hang; as, to suspend a ball by a thread; to suspend a needle by a loadstone. ... 2. To make to depend; as, God hath suspended the promise of eternal life on the condition of obedience and holiness of life. ... 3. To cause to cease for a time; to hinder from proceeding; to interrupt; to delay; to stay. 'Suspend your …

suspended animation
A temporary state resembling death, with cessation of respiration; may also refer to certain forms of hibernation in animals or to endospore formation by some bacteria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

suspended solids
Waste particles suspended in water. Suspended solids can harbor harmful microorganisms and toxic chemicals. Suspended solids cloud the water and make disinfection more difficult and costly. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

suspension
1. A condition of temporary cessation, as of animation, of pain or of any vital process. ... 2. <pharmacology> A preparation of a finely divided drug intended to be incorporated (suspended) in some suitable liquid vehicle before it is used or already incorporated in such a vehicle. ... Origin: L. Suspensio ... (18 Nov 1997) ...