Copy of `Curry Printing`

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Curry Printing Category: Agriculture and Industry > Printing press Date & country: 30/06/2014, UK Words: 577

Abrasion Resistance
The resistance to scratching of a surface of paper by other paper surfaces or other materials.

Absorbency
The ability of a material to take up moisture

AC
Author's Correction

Accordion Fold
A type of paper folding in which each fold runs in the opposite direction to the previous fold creating a pleated or accordion effect.

Acetate
A transparent or translucent plastic sheet material of a variety of colors, used as a basis for artwork and overlays.

Achromatic
The non-colors... black, white and gray.

Acid Resist
An acid-proof protective coating applied to metal plates prior to etching designs thereon. Bichromated solutions employed in photoengraving as sensitizers provide acid resist through the action of light on sensitized surface.

Acrylic
A water-soluble polymer used in paints to make them dry both tough and flexible.

Actinic Rays
Light exposure that affects chemical changes in paper.

Additive Colors
In photographic reproduction, the primary colors of red, green and blue which are mixed to form all other colors.

Aerate
This refers to a manual process whereby an air stream is blown onto paper sheets to create a riffling effect that separates the sheets as they are fed to the printing press.

Agate
A type size of 5 1/2 points. Reference, agate line.

Agate Line
In newspaper classifieds, a measurement denoting 1/4 inch depth by one column width. 14 agate lines = one column inch.

Air
Large white areas in a design layout.

Airbrush
A compressed air tool that dispenses a fine mist of paint or ink; used in illustration and photo retouching.

Albion Press
A hand operated printing press made of iron.

Album Paper
A wood pulp paper with an antique finish used for pages of photo albums.

Albumen Plate
A surface plate used in the lithography process; it has a photosensitive coating.

Albumin Paper
A coated paper used in photography; the coating is made of albumen (egg whites) and ammonium chloride.

Alignment
The condition of type and or art materials as they level up on a horizontal or vertical line.

Alkali Blue
Also called reflex blue. A pigment used in carbon black inks and varnishes to improve luster.

Alley
A term for a random, coincidental path or a row of white space within a segment of copy.

Alphabet Length
The measured length (in points) of the lowercase alphabet of a certain size and series of type.

Amberlith
Red-orange acetate used for masking mechanicals when photographing for plates. The amberlith area appears black to the camera, and prints clear on the resulting film.

American Paper Institute
An organization that correlates all paper related information.

Aniline
Oil-based solvent (quick drying) used in the preparation process of dyes and inks.

Animal Sized
A technique of paper making which hardens the surface by passing the paper through a bath of animal glue or gelatin.

Anodized Plate
In lithography, a plate manufactured with a barrier of aluminum oxide, which prevents chemical reactions that break down the plate; it provides optimum press performance.

Antigua
An eleventh century Italian script typeface.

Antiquarian
A handmade paper (53 x 31 inches), largest known handmade paper.

Antique Finish
Paper with a rough, sized surface used for book and cover stock.

Antiskinning Agent
An antioxidant agent used to prevent inks from skinning over in the can.

Apron
The white area of text (or illustrations) at the margins which form a foldout.

Aqua Tint
A printing process that uses the recessed areas of the plate; ideal for graded and even tones.

Aquarelle
The hand application of color, through stencils onto a printed picture.

Aqueous Plate
Water soluble plate coatings, which are less toxic and less polluting.

Arc Light
A light source produced by the passing of electric current between two electrodes; used in the production of plates in photolithography.

Arrowhead
A symbol shaped like an arrowhead that is used in illustration to direct a leader line. Reference, leader line

Art Paper
A paper evenly coated with a fine clay compound, which creates a hard smooth surface on one or both sides.

Art Work
Any materials or images that are prepared for graphic reproduction.

Art-Lined Envelope
An envelope that is lined with an extra fine paper; can be colored or patterned.

Artwork
All illustrated material, ornamentation, photos and charts etc., that is prepared for reproduction.

As To Press
In gravure printing, (recessed areas of plate hold ink), a term used for proofs showing the final position of color images.

Assembled negative
Film negatives consisting of line and halftone copy which are used to make plates for printing.

Assembled view
In illustration, a term used to describe a view of a drawing in its assembled or whole format.

Author's Alterations
(AA's) Changes made after composition stage where customer is responsible for additional charges.

Autochrome paper
Coated papers that are regarded as exceptional for multi-colored printing jobs.

Autolithography
A printing method whereby the image is hand drawn or etched directly onto lithography plates or stones.

Autopositive
Any photo materials which provide positive images without a negative.

Back Lining
The fixing of a material, either paper or cloth, to the back of a book before it is bound. Reference: case binding.

Back Margin
A term referring to the margin which lies closest to the back of the book.

Back Step Collation
The collation of book signatures according to reference marks which are printed on the back fold of each section.

Back To Back
Print applied to both sides of a sheet of paper.

Background
That portion of a photograph or line art drawing that appears furthest from the eye; the surface upon which the main image is superimposed.

Backslant
Any type that tilts to the left or backward direction; opposite of italic type.

Backstep Marks
Marks printed on signatures that indicate where the final fold will occur. When gathering and initial folding is completed, these marks appear as a stepped sequence.

Baking
A term given to the procedure of drying coatings onto papers.

Balance
A term used to describe the aesthetic or harmony of elements, whether they are photos, art or copy, within a layout or design.

Balloon
In an illustration, any line which encircles copy, or dialogue.

Bank Paper
A thin uncoated stock used for making carbon copies.

Banker's Flap Envelope
Also called wallet flap; the wallet flap has more rounded flap edges.

Banner
The primary headline usually spanning the entire width of a page.

Barn Doors
A device with two sets of thin metal doors (horizontal and vertical) placed before a light source to control the direction of light.

Barrier Coat
A coating that is applied onto the non-printing side of paper to add to the opacity of that paper. Reference, opacity.

Baryta Paper
A coated stock (barium sulfate compound) used for text impressions on typesetting machines.

Bas Relief
A three dimensional impression is which the image stands just slightly out from the flat background. References, blind emboss.

Base
The support onto which printing plates is fixed.

Base Film
The foundation material onto which the film positives are stripped for making printing plates. Reference, photomechanical.

Base Line
This is a term used to describe the imaginary horizontal line upon which stand capitals, lower case letters, punctuation points etc.

Basic Size
This term refers to a standard size of paper stock; even though the required size may be smaller or larger.

Basis Weight
Basis or basic weight refers to the weight, in pounds, of a ream (500 sheets) of paper cut to a given standard size for that particular paper grade.

Bauhaus
A design school in Germany where the Sans Serif font was originated.

Bearoff
The adjusting of spacing of type in order to correct the justification.

Bed
The steel flat table of a cylinder printing press upon which the type sits during the printing process.

Bending Chip
A recycled paperboard product used for making folding cartons.

BF
An abbreviation for boldface, used to determine where boldface copy is to be used. Reference, boldface.

Bible Paper
A thin but strong paper (opaque), used for Bibles and books.

Bimetal Plate
A plate which is used in long print runs; the printing image is copper or brass, and the non-printing area is aluminum or stainless steel.

Binder's Board
A heavy paperboard with a cloth covering that is used for hardback binding of books.

Binding
Various methods of securing folded sections together and or fastening them to a cover, to form single copies of a book.

Bite
The etching process in photoengraving requires the application of an acid; the length of time this acid is left to etch out an image is referred to as its bite. The more bites, the deeper the etched area.

Black Letter
An old style of typeface used in Germany in the 15th century, also referred to as Old English (US) and Gothic (UK).

Black Out
Also referred to as black patch; a piece of masking material which is used in layout to mask an area leaving a window into which another element can be stripped.

Black Photo Paper
A black paper used to protect photosensitive materials.

Black Printer
Refers to the film portion of the color separation process that prints black; increases the contrast of neutral tones.

Blackening
Darkening a portion of a sheet of paper due to the excessive pressure of the calendar roll. Reference, calendar.

Blanket
On offset presses a fabric-reinforced sheet of rubber to transfer the impression from the plate onto the paper.

Blanket To Blanket Press
A printing method in which there are two blanket cylinders through which a sheet of paper is passed and printed on both sides.

Bleed
Extra ink area that crosses trim line, used to allow for variations that occur when the reproduction is trimmed or die-cut.

Blind Emboss
A design or bas relief impression that is made without using inks or metal foils.

Blind Embossing
Embossed forms that are not inked, or gold leafed.

Blind Folio
Page number not printed on page.

Blind Image
A problem that arises in the lithography process when an image loses its ink receptivity and fails to print.

Blistering
Although seemingly dry, paper does contain approximately 5% moisture. In cases where there is excessive moisture, and the paper is passed through a high heat-drying chamber, the moisture within the paper actually boils and causes a bubble or blistering effect.

Block
Illustrations or line art etched onto zinc or copper plates and used in letterpress printing.

Block In
To sketch the primary areas and points of reference of an illustration in preparation for going to final design or production.

Block Resistance
The resistance of coated papers to blocking. Reference, blocking.

Blocking
The adhesion of one coated sheet to another, causing paper tears or particles of the coating to shed away from the paper surface.

Blocking Out
To mask a section of an art layout before reproduction.

Blow-up
Any enlargement of photos, copies or line art.