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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

schist
<geology> Any crystalline rock having a foliated structure (see Foliation) and hence admitting of ready division into slabs or slates. The common kinds are mica schist, and hornblendic schist, consisting chiefly of quartz with mica or hornblende and often feldspar. ... Origin: Gr. Divided, divisible, fr. To divide: cf. F. Schiste. See Schism.< …

schisto-
Cleft, division. ... See: schizo-. ... Origin: G. Schistos, split ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistocelia
Congenital fissure of the abdominal wall. ... Origin: schisto-+ G. Koilia, a hollow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistocormia
Congenital clefting of the trunk, the lower extremities of the foetus usually being imperfectly developed. ... Synonym: schistosomia. ... Origin: schisto-+ G. Kormos, trunk of a tree ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistocystis
Fissure of the bladder. ... Origin: schisto-+ G. Kystis, bladder ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistocyte
Fragments of red blood cells found in the circulation. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

schistocytosis
The occurrence of many schistocytes in the blood. ... Synonym: schizocytosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistoglossia
Congenital fissure or cleft of the tongue. ... Origin: schisto-+ G. Glossa, tongue ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistomelia
Congenital cleft of a limb. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistorrhachis
Synonym: spina bifida. ... Origin: schisto-+ G. Rhachis, spine ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistosoma
A genus of trematode flukes belonging to the family schistosomatidae. There are over a dozen species. These parasites are found in man and other mammals. Snails are the intermediate hosts. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Schistosoma bovis
A species infecting cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, and wild ruminants in Africa, the Middle East, southern Europe, and Asia; characterised by long spindle-shaped eggs with a terminal spine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistosoma haematobium
A species of trematode worm that parasitises humans and causes urinary tract disease. See schistosomiasis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Schistosoma indicum
A species that occurs in the portal and mesenteric veins of cattle, sheep, goats, horses, and camels in Indo-Pakistan. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schistosoma intercalatum
A blood fluke species related to Schistosoma haematobium locally distributed in Zaire and other areas of central Africa, causing mild dysentery and abdominal pains, with enlargement of the spleen and liver; a planorbid snail, Bulinus (Physopis) africanus, serves as the intermediate host. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistosoma japonicum
A species of trematode worm that parasitises humans and that (like s. Mansoni) causes liver and gastrointestinal tract disease. See schistosomiasis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Schistosoma malayensis
A member of the Schistosoma japonicum complex described from the rodent Rattus muelleri in peninsular Malaysia. The aquatic snail Robertsiella kaporensis and two other species of this genus were found to be naturally infected. Schistosoma malayensis is considered most closely related to Schistosoma mekongi. Human infections, based on serological ev …

schistosoma mansoni
A species of trematode worm that parasitises humans and that (like s. Japonicum) causes liver and gastrointestinal tract disease. See schistosomiasis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Schistosoma mattheei
A species found in the portal and mesenteric veins of ruminants, primates (including man), zebra, and rodents in Africa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schistosoma mekongi
The Mekong schistosome, a species described from the Mekong delta near Khong Island in southern Laos and northern Cambodia. Infection rates are highest for ages 7 to 15; dogs appear to be the chief reservoir host; the intermediate host snail is the 3 mm-long operculid snail, Tricula aperta. Pathology is similar to but generally less severe than tha …

Schistosoma protease
<enzyme> Degrades host globin; enzymes from s. Japonicum and s. Mansoni are homologues; amino acid sequence has been determined ... Registry number: EC 3.4.22.- ... Synonym: haemoglobinase, antigen sm32, schistosoma mansoni, schistosoma mansoni antigen sm32, schistosoma mansoni protease, schistosoma japonicum protease, schistosoma japonicum ant …

Schistosoma spindale
A species parasitic in the portal and mesenteric veins of ruminants, and occasionally horses and dogs, in Africa, Indo-Pakistan, and Southeast Asia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistosomal dermatitis
A sensitization response to repeated cutaneous invasion by cercariae of bird, mammal, or human schistosomes. ... Synonym: swimmer's itch, water itch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistosomatidae
A family of blood flukes of the class trematoda which is found in animals and man. It includes the genera heterobilharzia, schistosomatium, schistosoma, ornithobilharzia, bilharziella, trichobilharzia, pseudobilharzia, and austrobilharzia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

schistosome
Common name for a member of the genus Schistosoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistosome granuloma
A granulomatous lesion formed around schistosome eggs embedded in tissues in cases of schistosomiasis (bilharziasis); typically these granulomata are found in intestinal tissues (Schistosoma japonicum or S. Mansoni infection), bladder tissue (S. Haematobium), and hepatic tissue (all human schistosomes). ... Synonym: bilharzial granuloma. ... (05 Mar …

schistosomia
Synonym: schistocormia. ... Origin: schisto-+ G. Soma, body ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistosomiasis
Disease (bilharzia) caused by digenetic trematode worms of the genus Schistosoma, the adults of which live in the urinary or mesenteric blood vessels. Eggs shed by the female worms pass to the outside in the urine or faeces, but many also lodge in and obstruct the blood flow in the liver. Eosinophils seem to be particularly important in the killing …

schistosomiasis haematobia
Schistosomiasis caused by schistosoma haematobium. It is endemic in africa and parts of the middle east, and affects the urinary tract. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

schistosomiasis haematobium
Infection with Schistosoma haematobium, the eggs of which invade the urinary tract, causing cystitis and haematuria, and possibly an increased likelihood of bladder cancer. ... Synonym: bladder schistosomiasis, Egyptian haematuria, endemic haematuria, urinary schistosomiasis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schistosomiasis intercalatum
Infection with Schistosoma intercalatum; occurs only in West Africa; few symptoms reported and no cases of hepatic fibrosis known. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistosomiasis japonica
Schistosomiasis caused by schistosoma japonicum. It is endemic in the far east and affects the bowel, liver, and spleen. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

schistosomiasis mansoni
Schistosomiasis caused by schistosoma mansoni. It is endemic in africa, the middle east, south america, and the caribbean and affects mainly the bowel, spleen, and liver. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

schistosomiasis mekongi
Infection with Schistosoma mekongi, which chiefly afflicts children in the Mekong delta, where it was discovered; the disease is similar to schistosomiasis japonica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistosomicides
Agents that act systemically to kill adult schistosomes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

schistosomulum
Synonym for schistosomiasis ... Disease (bilharzia) caused by digenetic trematode worms of the genus Schistosoma, the adults of which live in the urinary or mesenteric blood vessels. Eggs shed by the female worms pass to the outside in the urine or faeces, but many also lodge in and obstruct the blood flow in the liver. Eosinophils seem to be partic …

schistosternia
Synonym: schistothorax. ... Origin: schisto-+ G. Sternon, sternum ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schistothorax
Congenital cleft of the chest wall. ... Synonym: schistosternia. ... Origin: schisto-+ G. Thorax, thorax ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizamnion
An amnion developing, as in the human embryo, by the formation of a cavity within the inner cell mass. ... Origin: schiz-+ amnion ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizaxon
An axon divided into two branches. ... Origin: schiz-+ G. Axon, axis ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizo-
<prefix> A combining form denoting division or cleavage; as, schizogenesis, reproduction by fission or cell division. ... Origin: Gr. To split, cleave. ... (29 Oct 1998) ...

schizo-affective
Having an admixture of symptoms suggestive of both schizophrenia and affective (mood) disorder. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizo-affective psychosis
Psychotic disturbance in which there is a mixture of schizophrenic and manic-depressive symptoms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizocarp
<botany> A dry fruit formed from more than one carpel but breaking apart into 1- carpel units when ripe. ... Compare: mericarp. ... (20 Oct 1998) ...

schizocyte
Synonym: schistocyte. ... Origin: schizo-+ G. Kytos, cell ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizocytosis
Synonym for schistocytosis ... The occurrence of many schistocytes in the blood. ... Synonym: schizocytosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizogony
The division of cells, especially of protozoans, in nonsexual stages of the life history of the organism. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

schizogyria
Deformity of the cerebral convolutions marked by occasional interruptions of their continuity. ... Origin: schizo-+ G. Gyros, circle (convolution) ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizoid
Socially isolated, withdrawn, having few (if any) friends or social relationships; resembling the personality features characteristic of schizophrenia, but in a milder form. ... See: schizoid personality. ... Origin: schizo(phrenia), + G. Eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizoid personality
A disorder characterised by social withdrawal, emotional coldness or aloofness, and indifference to praise or criticism from others. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizoid personality disorder
An individual who is isolated, cold and indifferent. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

schizoidism
A schizoid state; the manifestation of schizoid tendencies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizomycete
A member of the class Schizomycetes; a bacterium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizomycetic
Relating to or caused by fission fungi (bacteria). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizomycosis
Any schizomycetic or bacterial disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizont
A sporozoan trophozoite (vegetative form) that reproduces by schizogony, producing a varied number of daughter trophozoites or merozoites. ... See: meront, segmenter. ... Synonym: agamont, segmenting body. ... Origin: schizo-+ G. On (ont-), a being ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizonticide
An agent that kills schizonts. ... Origin: schizont + L. Caedo, to kill ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizonychia
Splitting of the nails. ... Origin: schizo-+ G. Onyx, nail ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizophasia
The disordered speech (word salad) of the schizophrenic individual. ... Origin: schizo-+ G. Phasis, speech ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizophrenia
<psychiatry> A mental disorder or heterogeneous group of disorders (the schizophrenias or schizophrenic disorders) comprising most major psychotic disorders and characterised by disturbances in form and content of thought (loosening of associations, delusions and hallucinations) mood (blunted, flattened or inappropriate affect), sense of self …

schizophrenia, catatonic
A type of schizophrenia characterised by abnormality of motor behaviour which may involve particular forms of stupor, rigidity, excitement or inappropriate posture. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

schizophrenia, childhood
An obsolete concept, historically used for childhood mental disorders thought to be a form of schizophrenia. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

schizophrenia, disorganised
A type of schizophrenia characterised by frequent incoherence; marked loosening of associations, or grossly disorganised behaviour and flat or grossly inappropriate affect that does not meet the criteria for the catatonic type; associated features include extreme social withdrawal, grimacing, mannerisms, mirror gazing, inappropriate giggling, and o …

schizophrenia, paranoid
A chronic form of schizophrenia characterised primarily by the presence of persecutory or grandiose delusions, often associated with hallucination. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

schizophrenic
A serious mental illness which results in delusional thought patterns, hallucinations and inappropriate affect. These patients will often suffer from social and occupational difficulty in addition to personal disability. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

schizophrenic language
The artificial language of schizophrenic patients - neologisms (words of the patient's own making with new meanings). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

schizophrenic psychology
Study of mental processes and behaviour of schizophrenics. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

schizophreniform disorder
A disorder whose essential features are identical with those of schizophrenia, with the exception that the duration including prodromal, active, and residual phases is less than six months. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizophyllum
Fleshy shelf basidiomycetous fungi, family schizophyllaceae, order aphyllophorales, growing on woody substrata. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

schizopyrenida
An order of ameboid protozoa commonly having a monopodial cylindrically shaped body. Nuclear division is promitotic and most species have a temporary flagellate stage. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

schizosaccharomyces
A genus of ascomycetous fungi of the family saccharomycetaceae, order endomycetales comprising the fission yeasts. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Schizosaccharomyces pombe
<fungus> Species of fission yeast commonly used for studies on cell cycle control because there is a distinct G2 phase to the cycle. ... Only distantly related to the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A further advantage is that some mammalian introns are processed correctly. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

schizothemia
Rarely used term for repeated interruptions in a conversation by the speaker introducing other topics. ... Origin: schizo-+ G. Thema, theme ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizotonia
Division of the distribution of tone in the muscles. ... Origin: schizo-+ G. Tonos, tension, tone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizotrichia
A splitting of the hairs at their ends. ... Synonym: scissura pilorum. ... Origin: schizo-+ G. Thrix, hair ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schizotrypanum cruzi
A distinct generic designation used for Trypanosoma cruzi, used frequently by workers in the endemic area of South American trypanosomiasis; also used as a subgeneric designation, i.e., Trypanosoma (Schizotrypanum) cruzi. ... Origin: schizo-+ G. Trypanon, a borer, an auger ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizotypal personality disorder
An individual who is eccentric with ideas, reference, magical thinking and suspicious. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

schizotypical personality
A personality disorder characterised by eccentricities in thinking, appearance, and behaviour; although not psychotic, individuals with such a disorder have unusual ideas and have difficulty relating to others. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schizozoite
A merozoite prior to schizogony, as in the exoerythrocytic phase of the development of the Plasmodium agent after sporozoite invasion of the hepatocyte and before multiple division. ... Origin: schizo-+ G. Zoon, animal ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schlammfieber
Name given to an outbreak of leptospirosis near Breslau in Germany thought to have been due to infection with Leptospira grippotyphosa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schlatter
Carl, Swiss surgeon, 1864-1934. ... See: Osgood-Schlatter disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schlatter-Osgood disease
Synonym for osgood-schlatter disease ... <disease> A common knee disorder in teenage boys, results from the chronic avulsion of the tibial tubercle, a bony prominence on the tibia. ... Symptoms include knee pain with range of motion, especially against resistance. Knee pain is often worse after prolonged physical activity. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

Schlemm
Friedrich, German anatomist, 1795-1858. ... See: Schlemm's canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schlemm's canal
sinus venosus sclerae ...

Schlesinger
Hermann, Austrian physician, 1868-1934. ... See: Schlesinger's sign, Pool-Schlesinger sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schlesinger's sign
Synonym for Pool's phenomenon ... In tetany, spasm both of the extensor muscles of the knee and of the calf muscles when the extended leg is flexed at the hip. ... Synonym: leg phenomenon, Pool-Schlesinger sign, Schlesinger's sign. ... In tetany, contraction of the arm muscles following the stretching of the brachial plexus by elevation of the arm abo …

schlieren
See: schlieren optics. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schlieren method
<radiobiology> An optical technique that detects density gradients occuring in a fluid flow. In its simplest form, light from a slit is collimated by a lens and focused onto a knife edge by a second lens, the flow pattern is placed between the two lenses, and the resulting diffraction pattern is observed on a screen or photographic film place …

Schlieren system
<microscopy> A system for enhancing path length differences, refractive index differences in transparent media, or height differences for light reflected from surfaces. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

Schmid-Fraccaro syndrome
Synonym for cat's-eye syndrome ... <syndrome> Iris colobomas (resembling the vertical pupils of a cat) and anal atresia, associated with an additional acrocentric chromosome; other malformations and mental retardation may be present. ... Synonym: Schmid-Fraccaro syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schmid, Rudi
<person> Swiss-U.S. Internist and biochemist, *1922. ... See: McArdle-Schmid-Pearson disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schmid, W
<person> ... See: Schmid-Fraccaro syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schmidel, Kasimir
<person> German anatomist, 1718-1792. ... See: Schmidel's anastomoses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schmidel's anastomoses
Abnormal channels of communication between the caval and portal venous systems. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schmidt diet
Synonym for Schmidt-Strassburger diet ... An obsolete diet designed to facilitate examination of the stools in patients with diarrhoea, consisting of milk, zwieback, oatmeal gruel, eggs, butter, small amounts of beef and potato. ... Synonym: Schmidt diet. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schmidt-Lanterman clefts
Synonym for Schmidt-Lanterman incisures ... Funnel-shaped interruptions in the regular structure of the myelin sheath of nerve fibres, formerly interpreted as actual breaks in the sheath but shown by electron microscopy to correspond each to a strand of cytoplasm locally separating the two otherwise fused oligodendroglial (or, in peripheral nerves, …

Schmidt-Lanterman incisures
Funnel-shaped interruptions in the regular structure of the myelin sheath of nerve fibres, formerly interpreted as actual breaks in the sheath but shown by electron microscopy to correspond each to a strand of cytoplasm locally separating the two otherwise fused oligodendroglial (or, in peripheral nerves, Schwann cell) membranes composing the myeli …

Schmidt-Strassburger diet
An obsolete diet designed to facilitate examination of the stools in patients with diarrhoea, consisting of milk, zwieback, oatmeal gruel, eggs, butter, small amounts of beef and potato. ... Synonym: Schmidt diet. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schmidt-Thannhauser method
A method for fractionation of nucleic acid, based upon the fact that RNA but not DNA is hydrolyzed to nucleotides by alkali; RNA can be hydrolyzed in about 2 hours in 0.75 n NaOH, but 18 hours and 0.3 n NaOH usually are used. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schmidt, Gerhard
<person> U.S. Biochemist, *1900. ... See: Schmidt-Thannhauser method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...