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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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sarcopoieticForming muscle. ... Origin: sarco-+ G. Poiesis, a making ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Sarcopsylla penetransSynonym for Tunga penetrans ... <entomology> A member of the flea family, Tungidae, commonly known as chigger flea, sand flea, chigoe, or jiggers. ... The minute female penetrates the skin, frequently under the toenails; as she becomes distended with eggs to about pea size, a painful ulcer with inflammation develops at the site. ... Synonym: Sar …
SarcopsyllidaeOlder name for Tungidae. ... Origin: sarco-+ G. Psylla, flea ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Sarcoptes scabieiFormerly Acarus scabiei, the itch mite, varieties of which are distributed worldwide and affect humans, horses, cattle, swine, sheep, dogs, cats, and many wild animals; serious and fatal infections are not uncommon in untreated animals. Although considered to belong to a single species, they do not readily pass from one host to another of a differe …
sarcopticOf, relating to, or caused by mites of the genus Sarcoptes or other members of the family Sarcoptidae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sarcoptic acariasisInfestation of skin with Sarcoptes scabiei. ... See: scabies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sarcoptic mangeA cutaneous disease of domestic animals caused by mites of the genus Sarcoptes including Sarcoptes scabiei. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sarcosinaemiaA disorder of amino acid metabolism due to deficiency of sarcosine dehydrogenase, causing the sarcosine level to rise in blood plasma and be excreted in the urine; affected infants fail to thrive, are irritable, may have muscle tremors, and have retarded motor and mental development; autosomal recessive inheritance. ... Synonym: hypersarcosinaemia.< …
sarcosine<chemical> An amino acid occurring as an intermediate in the metabolism of choline in the kidney and liver. It is normally not detectable in human blood or urine. ... Chemical name: Glycine, N-methyl- ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
sarcosine dehydrogenase<enzyme> An enzyme that cleaves sarcosine using some acceptor to produce glycine, formaldehyde, and a reduced acceptor molecule; a deficiency of this enzyme will result in sarcosinaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sarcosine oxidase<enzyme> Catalyses the oxidative demethylation of sarcosine to glycine ... Registry number: EC 1.5.3.1 ... Synonym: sarcosine-oxygen oxidoreductase (demethylating) ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
sarcosine reductase<enzyme> Involved in sarcosine metabolism in eubacterium acidaminophilum ... Registry number: EC 1.4.4.- ... Synonym: n-methylglycine reductase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
sarcosome1. Formerly, any granule in a muscle fibre. ... 2. Now, sometimes used synonymously with myomitochondrion. ... Origin: sarco-+ G. Soma, body ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sarcostosisOssification of muscular tissue. ... Origin: sarco-+ G. Osteon, bone, + -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sarcotripsyRarely used term for use of a crushing forceps to stop haemorrhage. ... Origin: sarco-+ G. Tripsis, a rubbing ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sarcotubulesThe continuous system of membranous tubules in striated muscle that corresponds to the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of other cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sardine<zoology> Any one of several small species of herring which are commonly preserved in olive oil for food, especially the pilchard, or European sardine (Clupea pichardus). The California sardine (Clupea sagax) is similar. The American sardines of the Atlantic coast are mostly the young of the common herring and of the menhaden. ... Origin: F. S …
sardonicForced; unnatural; insincere; hence, derisive, mocking, malignant, or bitterly sarcastic; applied only to a laugh, smile, or some facial semblance of gayety. 'Where strained, sardonic smiles are glozing still, And grief is forced to laugh against her will.' (Sir H. Wotton) 'The scornful, ferocious, sardonic grin of a bloody ruffian.' (Burke) Sardon …
sardonic grinSynonym for risus caninus ... The semblance of a grin caused by facial spasm especially in tetanus. ... Synonym: canine spasm, cynic spasm, risus sardonicus, sardonic grin, spasmus caninus, trismus sardonicus. ... Origin: L. Risus, laugh + caninus, doglike ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sarin<chemical> Chemical name: Phosphonofluoridic acid, methyl-, 1-methylethyl ester ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
sarmassationErotic squeezing, kneading, or caressing of female tissues and organs. ... Origin: G. Sarx, flesh, + masso, to knead ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sarmentoseProducing slender, prostrate branches or runners. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
sarracenia<botany> A genus of American perrenial herbs growing in bogs; the American pitcher plant. ... They have hollow pitcher-shaped or tubular leaves, and solitary flowers with an umbrella-shaped style. Sarracenia purpurea, the sidesaddle flower, is common at the North; S. Flava, rubra, Drummondii, variolaris, and psittacina are Southern species. Al …
sarsaparilla<botany> Any plant of several tropical American species of Smilax. ... The bitter mucilaginous roots of such plants, used in medicine and in sirups for soda, etc. ... The name is also applied to many other plants and their roots, especially to the Aralia nudicaulis, the wild sarsaparilla of the United States. ... Origin: Sp. Zarzaparrilla; zarza …
SART<abbreviation> Sinoatrial recovery time. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sartorius<anatomy, muscle> Origin, anterior superior spine of ilium; insertion, medial border of tuberosity of tibia; action, flexes thigh and leg, rotates leg medially and thigh laterally; nerve supply, femoral. ... Synonym: musculus sartorius, tailor's muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sartorius bursaeSometimes separate from the anserine bursa, located between the tendons of the sartorius, semitendinosus, and gracilis muscles. ... Synonym: bursae subtendineae musculi sartorii. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
saruplase<chemical> ... Pharmacological action: fibrinolytic agents ... Synonym: prourokinase (enzyme-activating), recombinant unglycosylated single-chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator, pro-uk, pro-urokinase, a-74187 ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
saskatchewanA province of canada, lying between the provinces of alberta and manitoba. Its capital is regina. It is entirely a plains region with prairie in the south and wooded country with many lakes and swamps in the north. The name was taken from the saskatchewan river from the cree name kisiskatchewani sipi, meaning rapid-flowing river. ... (12 Dec 1998)
sassafras
<botany> An American tree of the Laurel family (Sassafras officinale); also, the bark of the roots, which has an aromatic smell and taste. Australian sassafras, a lofty tree (Doryophora Sassafras) with aromatic bark and leaves. Chilian sassafras, an aromatic tree (Laurelia sempervirens). New Zealand sassafras, a similar tree (Laurelia Novae Z …
sat
<abbreviation> Saturated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
satellite
1. An attendant attached to a prince or other powerful person; hence, an obsequious dependent. 'The satellites of power.' ... 2. <astronomy> A secondary planet which revolves about another planet; as, the moon is a satellite of the earth. See Solar system, under Solar. ... <zoology> Satellite moth, a handsome European noctuid moth (Scopel …
satellite abscess
An abscess closely associated with a primary abscess. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
satellite cell
1. Sparse population of mononucleate cells found in close contact with muscle fibres in vertebrate skeletal muscle. Seem normally to be inactive, but may be important in regeneration after damage. May be considered quiescent stem cell. ... 2. An alternative name for glia. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
satellite cell of skeletal muscle
<anatomy> An elongated spindle-shaped cell occupying depressions in the sarcolemma and between it and the basal lamina; believed to play a role in muscle repair and regeneration by fusing with adjacent myofibre. ... Synonym: sarcoplast. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
satellite cells
Neuroglial cell's surrounding the cell body of a ganglion cell in the spinal, cranial, and autonomic ganglia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
satellite communications
Communications using an active or passive satellite to extend the range of radio, television, or other electronic transmission by returning signals to earth from an orbiting satellite. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
satellite DNA
<molecular biology> DNA, usually containing highly repetitive sequences, that has a base composition (and thus density) sufficiently different from that of normal DNA that it sediments as a distinct band in caesium chloride density gradients. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
satellite metastasis
Metastasis within the immediate vicinity of a primary malignant neoplasm; e.g., skin adjacent to a melanoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
satellite RNA
<molecular biology> A small, self-splicing RNA molecule that accompanies several plant viruses, including tobaccoringspot virus. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
satellite virus
<virology> A term used in plant virology for a virus associated functionally, at least for the purpose of its own replication, with another virus. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
satellite viruses
Defective viruses which can multiply only by association with a helper virus which complements the defective gene. Satellite viruses may be associated with certain plant viruses, animal viruses, or bacteriophages. They differ from satellite RNA (RNA, satellite) in that satellite viruses encode their own coat protein. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
satellite-rich heterochromatin
Heterochromatin that codes for 18 S and 28 S components of ribosomal RNA and is located close to the centromeres of certain chromosomes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
satellitosis
1. A condition marked by an accumulation of neuroglia cells around the neurons of the central nervous system; often as a prelude to neuronophagia. ... 2. The presence of satellite, smaller structures, or lesions, e.g., metastic melanoma in the skin adjacent to the primary tumour, or lymphocytes in contact with a damaged keratinocyte in acute cutaneo …
satiate
1. To satisfy the appetite or desire of; tho feed to the full; to furnish enjoyment to, to the extent of desire; to sate; as, to satiate appetite or sense. 'These [smells] rather woo the sense than satiate it.' (Bacon) 'I may yet survive the malice of my enemies, although they should be satiated with my blood.' (Eikon Basilike) ... 2. To full beyond …
satiation
Full gratification of a need or desire followed by a state of relative insensitivity to that particular need or desire. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
satiety centre
A term referring to the region of the ventromedial nucleus in the hypothalamus; destruction of this small region in the rat leads to continuous eating and extreme obesity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
satiety response
Behavioural response associated with the achieving of gratification. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
satin
A silk cloth, of a thick, close texture, and overshot woof, which has a glossy surface. 'Cloths of gold and satins rich of hue.' (Chaucer) Denmark satin, a kind of lasting; a stout worsted stuff, woven with a satin twill, used for women's shoes. Farmer's satin. See Farmer. ... <zoology> Satin bird, an Australian bower bird. Called also satin g …
satire
1. A composition, generally poetical, holding up vice or folly to reprobation; a keen or severe exposure of what in public or private morals deserves rebuke; an invective poem; as, the Satires of Juvenal. ... 2. Keeness and severity of remark; caustic exposure to reprobation; trenchant wit; sarcasm. ... Synonym: Lampoon, sarcasm, irony, ridicule, pas …
satisfactory
1. Giving or producing satisfaction; yielding content; especially, relieving the mind from doubt or uncertainty, and enabling it to rest with confidence; sufficient; as, a satisfactory account or explanation. ... 2. Making amends, indemnification, or recompense; causing to cease from claims and to rest content; compensating; atoning; as, to make sat …
Sattler, Hubert
<person> Austrian ophthalmologist, 1844-1928. ... See: Sattler's elastic layer, Sattler's veil. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Sattler's elastic layer
The middle layer of the choroid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Sattler's veil
A diffuse oedema of the corneal epithelium that may develop after wearing contact lenses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
saturate
Filled to repletion; saturated; soaked. 'Dries his feathers saturate with dew.' (Cowper) 'The sand beneath our feet is saturate With blood of martyrs.' (Longfellow) ... Origin: L. Saturatus, p. P. ... 1. To cause to become completely penetrated, impregnated, or soaked; to fill fully; to sate. 'Innumerable flocks and herbs covered that vast expanse of …
saturated
A condition in which all easily drained voids (pores) between soil particles are temporarily or permanently filled with water, significant saturation during the growing season is considered to be usually one week or more. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
saturated colour
A colour containing a minimum amount of whiteness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
saturated fat
A fatty acid with all potential hydrogen binding sites filled (totally hydrogenated fat). These hold the highest risk for the development of atherosclerosis. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
saturated fatty acid
A fatty acid, the carbon chain of which contains no ethylenic or other unsaturated linkages between carbon atoms (e.g., stearic acid and palmitic acid); called saturated because it is incapable of absorbing any more hydrogen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
saturated fatty acids
In eukaryotic membranes refers to stearic, palmitic and myristic acids, that are linear aliphatic chains with no double bonds. Prokaryotes have numerous branched chain saturated fatty acids. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
saturated hydrocarbon
A hydrocarbon that contains the greatest possible number of hydrogen atoms, so that the molecule contains neither rings nor multiple bonds. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
saturated soil
A condition in which all easily drained voids (pores) between soil particles are temporarily or permanently filled with water, significant saturation during the growing season is considered to be usually one week or more. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
saturated solution
A solution that contains all of a substance capable of dissolving; a solution of a substance in equilibrium with an excess undissolved substance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
saturated steam
Steam at the temperature that corresponds to its boiling temperature at the same pressure. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
saturation
1. The act of saturating, or the state of being saturating; complete penetration or impregnation. ... 2. <chemistry> The act, process, or result of saturating a substance, or of combining it to its fullest extent. ... 3. <optics> Freedom from mixture or dilution with white; purity; said of colours. ... The degree of saturation of a colour …
saturation analysis
Synonym for competitive binding assay ... General term for an assay in which a binder competes for labelled versus unlabelled ligand; following separation of free and bound ligand, the ligand (the analyte assayed) is quantitated by relating bound and unbound ratios to known standards. ... See: enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, radioreceptor assay, i …
saturation index
An indication of the relative concentration of haemoglobin in the red blood cells, calculated as: grams of haemoglobin per 100 ml (expressed as percent of normal) ÷ haematocrit value (expressed as percent of normal) = saturation index The normal index for adults and infants is 0.97 to 1.02; in primary and secondary anaemia, the index is …
saturation of receptors
Saturation, the state in which all receptors are effectively occupied all the time, can be said to occur in a simple binding equilibrium when the concentration of ligand is more than 5 times the Kd value, although strictly this will only be true at infinite ligand concentration. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
saturn
1. One of the elder and principal deities, the son of Coelus and Terra (Heaven and Earth), anf the father of Jupiter. The corresponding Greek divinity was Kronos, later CHronos, Time. ... 2. <astronomy> One of the planets of the solar system, next in magnitude to Jupiter, but more remote from the sun. Its diameter is seventy thousand miles, it …
saturnian
1. Of or pertaining to Saturn, whose age or reign, from the mildness and wisdom of his government, is called the golden age. ... 2. Hence: Resembling the golden age; distinguished for peacefulness, happiness, contentment. 'Augustus, born to bring Saturnian times.' (Pope) ... 3. <astronomy> Of or pertaining to the planet Saturn; as, the Saturnia …
saturnine
1. Born under, or influenced by, the planet Saturn. ... 2. Heavy; grave; gloomy; dull; the opposite of mercurial; as, a saturnine person or temper. ... 3. <chemistry> Of or pertaining to lead; characterised by, or resembling, lead, which was formerly called Saturn. ... <medicine> Saturnine colic, lead colic. ... Origin: L. Saturnus the god …
saturnine colic
Synonym for lead colic ... Severe colicky abdominal pain, with constipation, symptomatic of lead poisoning. ... Synonym: Devonshire colic, painter's colic, Poitou colic, saturnine colic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
saturnine encephalopathy
Synonym for lead encephalopathy ... A metabolic encephalopathy, caused by the ingestion of lead compounds and seen particularly in early childhood; it is characterised pathologically by extensive cerebral oedema, status spongiosus, neurocytolysis, and some reactive inflammation; clinical manifestations include convulsions, delirium, and hallucinatio …
saturnine tremor
A tremor caused by chronic lead poisoning. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
satyr
1. A sylvan deity or demigod, represented as part man and part goat, and characterised by riotous merriment and lasciviousness. 'Rough Satyrs danced; and Fauns, with cloven heel, From the glad sound would not be absent long.' (Milton) ... 2. <zoology> Any one of many species of butterflies belonging to the family Nymphalidae. Their colours are …
sauba ant
<zoology> A South American ant (Ecodoma cephalotes) remarkable for having two large kinds of workers besides the ordinary ones, and for the immense size of its formicaries. The sauba ant cuts off leaves of plants and carries them into its subterranean nests, and thus often does great damage by defoliating trees and cultivated plants. ... Sourc …
sauce
1. A composition of condiments and appetizing ingredients eaten with food as a relish; especially, a dressing for meat or fish or for puddings; as, mint sauce; sweet sauce, etc. 'Poignant sauce.' 'High sauces and rich spices fetched from the Indies.' (Sir S. Baker) ... 2. Any garden vegetables eaten with meat. 'Roots, herbs, vine fruits, and salad f …
saucer-shaped cataract
Synonym for cupuliform cataract ... A common form of senile cataract often confined to a region just within the posterior capsule. ... Synonym: saucer-shaped cataract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
saucerization
Excavation of tissue to form a shallow depression, performed in wound treatment to facilitate drainage from infected areas. ... Synonym: craterization. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Saundby, Robert
<person> English physician, 1849-1918. ... See: Saundby's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Saundby's test
A test for blood in the stools; on the addition of 30 drops of a 20-volume hydrogen peroxide solution to a mixture of 10 drops of a saturated benzidine solution and a small quantity of faeces in a test tube, a persistent dark blue colour denotes the presence of blood. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
saunter
To wander or walk about idly and in a leisurely or lazy manner; to lounge; to stroll; to loiter. 'One could lie under elm trees in a lawn, or saunter in meadows by the side of a stream.' (Masson) ... Synonym: To loiter, linger, stroll, wander. ... Origin: Sauntered; Sauntering ... Alternative forms: santer] [Probably fr. F. S'aventurer to adventure (o …
sauriasis
Synonym: ichthyosis. ... Origin: G. Sauros, lizard, + -iasis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sauriderma
Synonym: ichthyosis. ... Origin: G. Sauros, lizard, + derma, skin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sauriosis
Synonym: ichthyosis. ... Origin: G. Sauros, lizard, + -osis, condition ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sauroderma
Synonym: ichthyosis. ... Origin: G. Sauros, lizard, + derma, skin ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sausage fingers
The thick, short finger's of acromegaly; symmetric, diffusely swollen finger's; an early change in systemic sclerosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
sauvagine
Peptide (40 amino acids) originally isolated from the skin of the frog, Phyllomedusa sauvagei and that is closely related to corticotropin releasing factor and to urotensin I. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
savage
To make savage. 'Its bloodhounds, savaged by a cross of wolf.' (South) ... 1. Of or pertaining to the forest; remote from human abodes and cultivation; in a state of nature; nature; wild; as, a savage wilderness. ... 2. Wild; untamed; uncultivated; as, savage beasts. 'Cornels, and savage berries of the wood.' (Dryden) ... 3. Uncivilized; untaught; unp …
Savage syndrome
<syndrome> An obsolete term for amenorrhoea associated with hypergonadotrophism and normal ovarian follicles. ... Synonym: resistant ovary syndrome. ... Origin: after the surname of the first reported patient ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Savage, Henry
<person> English anatomist and gynecologist, 1810-1900. ... See: Savage's perineal body. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Savage's perineal body
central tendon of perineum ...
savagery
1. The state of being savage; savageness; savagism. 'A like work of primeval savagery.' (C. Kingsley) ... 2. An act of cruelty; barbarity. 'The wildest savagery, the vilest stroke, That ever wall-eyed wrath or staring rage Presented to the tears of soft remorse.' (Shak) ... 3. <botany> Wild growth, as of plants. ... Origin: F. Sauvagerie. ... Sou …
savanna
A type of woodland characterised by a very open spacing between its trees and by intervening areas of grassland. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
Savary bougies
Silastic tapered tip bougies used over a guide wire in oesophageal dilatation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
save
1. To make safe; to procure the safety of; to preserve from injury, destruction, or evil of any kind; to rescue from impending danger; as, to save a house from the flames. 'God save all this fair company.' (Chaucer) 'He cried, saying, Lord, save me.' (Matt. Xiv. 30) 'Thou hast . . . Quitted all to save A world from utter loss.' (Milton) ... 2. Speci …
savine
<botany> A coniferous shrub (Juniperus Sabina) of Western Asia, occasionally found also in the northern parts of the United States and in British America. It is a compact bush, with dark-coloured foliage, and produces small berries having a glaucous bloom. Its bitter, acrid tops are sometimes used in medicine for gout, amenorrhoea, etc. ... Th …
saw
An instrument for cutting or dividing substances, as wood, iron, etc, consisting of a thin blade, or plate, of steel, with a series of sharp teeth on the edge, which remove successive portions of the material by cutting and tearing. ... Saw is frequently used adjectively, or as the first part of a compound. Band saw, Crosscut saw, etc. See Band, Cro …
sawfish
<zoology> Any one of several species of elasmobranch fishes of the genus Pristis. They have a sharklike form, but are more nearly allied to the rays. The flattened and much elongated snout has a row of stout toothlike structures inserted along each edge, forming a sawlike organ with which it mutilates or kills its prey. ... Source: Websters Di …
sawlog
A log meeting minimum commercial requirements of diameter, length, and defect. The usual commercial requirements are a minimum of 8' long with an inside bark diameter of 6' for softwoods and 8' for hardwoods. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
