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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

sawtimber
Live trees of commercial species containing at least one 12' sawlog or two noncontiguous 8' logs. Softwoods must be at least 9' in diameter and hardwoods at least 11' in diameter. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

sawtooth
<radiobiology> When a tokamak runs with enough current to achieve q < 1 on the magnetic axis, the plasma parameters (n, T, B) oscillate with a sawtooth waveform. The oscillation is localised to a region roughly within the q=1 surface, and arises from internal magnetohydrodynamic effects. Confinement is degraded within the sawtooth region.< …

sawyer
1. One whose occupation is to saw timber into planks or boards, or to saw wood for fuel; a sawer. ... 2. A tree which has fallen into a stream so that its branches project above the surface, rising and falling with a rocking or swaying motion in the current. ... 3. <zoology> The bowfin. ... Origin: Saw + -yer, as in lawyer. Cf. Sawer. ... Source: …

saxifrage
<botany> Any plant of the genus Saxifraga, mostly perennial herbs growing in crevices of rocks in mountainous regions. Burnet saxifrage, a European umbelliferous plant (Pimpinella Saxifraga). Golden saxifrage, a low half-sacculent herb (Chrysosplenium oppositifolium) growing in rivulets in Europe; also, C. Americanum, common in the United Sta …

saxitoxin
<protein> Neurotoxin produced by the red tide dinoflagellates, Gonyaulax catenella and G. Tamarensis. It binds to the sodium channel, blocking the passage of action potentials. Its action closely resembles that of tetrodotoxin. The toxin was originally isolated from the clam, Saxidomus giganteus. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

saxon
Of or pertaining to the Saxons, their country, or their language. ... Anglo-Saxon. ... Of or pertaining to Saxony or its inhabitants. Saxon blue, a deep blue liquid used in dyeing, and obtained by dissolving indigo in concentrated sulphuric acid. Saxon green, a green colour produced by dyeing with yellow upon a ground of Saxon blue. ... Source: Webste …

say
1. Trial by sample; assay; sample; specimen; smack. 'if those principal works of God . . . Be but certain tastes and saus, as if were, of that final benefit.' (Hooker) 'Thy tongue some say of breeding breathes.' (Shak) ... 2. Tried quality; temper; proof. 'he found a sword of better say.' (Spenser) ... 3. Essay; trial; attempt. To give a say at, to a …

Sayre, George
<person> U.S. Ophthalmologist, *1911. ... See: Kearns-Sayre syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sayre, Lewis
<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1820-1900. ... See: Sayre's suspension traction, Sayre's suspension apparatus, Sayre's jacket. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sayre's jacket
A plaster of Paris jacket applied while the patient is suspended by the head and axillae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sayre's suspension apparatus
Archaic term for Sayre's suspension traction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sayre's suspension traction
Spinal traction obtained by vertical suspension of the patient by means of a head halter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sb
Symbol for antimony. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

SBE
<abbreviation> Subacute bacterial endocarditis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sc
<abbreviation> Subcutaneous; subcutaneously. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sc-19220
<chemical> 1-acetyl-2-(8-chloro-10,11-dihydrodibenz(b,f)(1,4)oxazepine-10-carbonyl hydrazine. Inhibits the activity of prostaglandins. ... Pharmacological action: prostaglandin antagonists. ... Chemical name: Dibenz(b,f)(1,4)oxazepine-10(11H)-carboxylic acid, 8-chloro-, 2-acetylhydrazide ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

scab
1. An incrustation over a sore, wound, vesicle, or pustule, formed by the drying up of the discharge from the diseased part. ... 2. The itch in man; also, the scurvy. ... 3. The mange, especially. When it appears on sheep. ... 4. A disease of potatoes producing pits in their surface, caused by a minute fungus (Tiburcinia Scabies). ... 5. A slight iregu …

scabbard
The case in which the blade of a sword, dagger, etc, is kept; a sheath. 'Nor in thy scabbard sheathe that famous blade. ... <zoology> ' (Fairfax) Scabbard fish, a long, compressed, silver-coloured taenioid fish (Lepidopus caudatus, or argyreus), found on the European coasts, and more abundantly about New Zealand, where it is called frostfish a …

scabbard trachea
<radiology> Narrowing of the trachea posteriorly, best seen on lateral view of chest, inlet view, caused by anterior neck mass (e.g. Goiter), may cause stridor, dyspnea ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

scabby mouth
Synonym for orf ... A specific disease of sheep and goats, caused by the orf virus. This virus is transmissible to man and characterised by vesiculation and ulceration of the infected site. ... Synonym: contagious ecthyma, contagious pustular dermatitis, scabby mouth, soremouth. ... Origin: O.E. Orfcwealm, murrain, fr. Orf, cattle, + cwealm, destructi …

scabicidal
Destructive to scabies mites. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scabicide
An agent lethal to scabies mites. ... Synonym: scabieticide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scabies
<dermatology> A contagious dermatitis of humans and various wild and domestic animals caused by the itch mite, Sarcoptes scabiei, transmitted by close contact and characterised by a papular eruption over tiny, raised sinuous burrows (cuniculi) produced by digging into the upper layer of the epidermis by the egg laying female mite, which is ac …

scabieticide
Synonym for scabicide ... An agent lethal to scabies mites. ... Synonym: scabieticide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scabious
<botany> Any plant of the genus Scabiosa, several of the species of which are common in Europe. They resemble the Compositae, and have similar heads of flowers, but the anthers are not connected. Sweet scabious Mourning bride. A daisylike plant (Erigeron annuus) having a stout branching stem. ... Origin: Cf. F. Scabieuse. See Scabious. ... Sour …

scabrid
Rough to the touch. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

scabridulous
Slightly rough, diminutive of scabrous. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

scabrities
Roughness of the skin. ... Origin: L., fr. Scaber, scurfy ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scabrities unguium
Thickening and distortion of the nails. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scad
<zoology> A small carangoid fish (Trachurus saurus) abundant on the European coast, and less common on the American. The name is applied also to several allied species. ... The goggler; called also big-eyed scad. See Goggler. ... The friar skate. ... The cigar fish, or round robin. ... Origin: Gael. & ir. Sgadan a herring. ... Source: Websters …

scaffold
1. A temporary structure of timber, boards, etc, for various purposes, as for supporting workmen and materials in building, for exhibiting a spectacle upon, for holding the spectators at a show, etc. 'Pardon, gentles all, The flat, unraised spirits that have dared On this unworthy scaffold to bring forth So great an object.' (Shak) ... 2. Specifical …

scaffold proteins
Proteins that remain when chromosomes are digested with DNase. Many antigenic species have been identified. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

scaffold-associated regions
Sites in DNA that bind topoisomerase II and other scaffold proteins; found in introns. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scala media
Synonym for cochlear duct ... Spiral tube in the bony canal of the cochlea, lying on its outer wall between the scala vestibuli and scala tympani. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

scala tympani
The lower tube of the cochlea, extending from the round window to the helicotrema and containing perilymph. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

scala vestibuli
The division of the spiral canal of the cochlea lying on the apical side of the spiral lamina and vestibular membrane. ... Synonym: vestibular canal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalar electrocardiogram
Electrocardiographic lead output that can be displayed on one plane of the body in contradistinction to vector electrocardiogram in which the display is on two or more planes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalaria
<zoology> Any one of numerous species of marine gastropods of the genus Scalaria, or family Scalaridae, having elongated spiral turreted shells, with rounded whorls, usually crossed by ribs or varices. The colour is generally white or pale. ... Synonym: ladder shell, and wentletrap. See Ptenoglossa, and Wentletrap. ... Origin: L, flight of step …

scalariform
Having a ladder-like pattern. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

scald
A burn, or injury to the skin or flesh, by some hot liquid, or by steam. ... One of the ancient Scandinavian poets and historiographers; a reciter and singer of heroic poems, etc, among the Norsemen; more rarely, a bard of any of the ancient Teutonic tribes. ... Alternative forms: skald] 'A war song such as was of yore chanted on the field of battle …

scalded skin syndrome
<syndrome> A potentially serious side effect of infection with the staph (staphylococcus) bacteria that produces a specific protein which loosens the cement holding the various layers of the skin together. This allows blister formation and sloughing of the top layer of skin. If it occurs over large body regions it can be deadly (just like a l …

scalding
A burning pain in urinating. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scale
A reduced or rudimentary leaf, for example surrounding a dormant bud, a thin flap of tissue, for example on the ventral surface of a liverwort thallus and at the base of a stamen in members of the family Simaroubaceae. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

scale-up
Conversion of an industrial process from a small laboratory setup to a large commercial endeavor. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

scaled
1. Covered with scales, or scalelike structures; said of a fish, a reptile, a moth, etc. ... 2. Without scales, or with the scales removed; as, scaled herring. ... 3. <zoology> Having feathers which in form, colour, or arrangement somewhat resemble scales; as, the scaled dove. ... <zoology> Scaled dove, any American dove of the genus Scard …

scaled sale
A type of timber sale contract that specifies measuring or scaling of the included timber after removal. Scaling determines the number of board feet or c-units to be paid for at contract rates. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

scalene
1. <geometry> Having the sides and angles unequal; said of a triangle. Having the axis inclined to the base, as a cone. ... 2. <anatomy> Designating several triangular muscles called scalene muscles. Of or pertaining to the scalene muscles. ... <anatomy> Scalene muscles, a group of muscles, usually three on each side in man, extendi …

scalene hiatus
Triangular gap bounded by the scalenus anterior and scalenus medius muscles and the first rib to which the muscles attach; the hiatus provides passage for the subclavian artery and the roots of the brachial plexus. Compression of the structures passing through the hiatus by any means is manifest as 'thoracic outlet syndrome.' ... Synonym: interscale …

scalene tubercle
A small spine on the inner edge of the first rib, giving attachment to the scalenus anterior muscle. ... Synonym: tuberculum musculi scaleni anterioris, Lisfranc's tubercle, scalene tubercle of Lisfranc, tubercle of anterior scalene muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalene tubercle of Lisfranc
Synonym for scalene tubercle ... A small spine on the inner edge of the first rib, giving attachment to the scalenus anterior muscle. ... Synonym: tuberculum musculi scaleni anterioris, Lisfranc's tubercle, scalene tubercle of Lisfranc, tubercle of anterior scalene muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalenectomy
<procedure> Resection of the scalene muscles. ... Origin: scalene + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalenotomy
<procedure> Division or section of the anterior scalene muscle. ... Origin: scalene + G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalenus
Synonym: scalene. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalenus anterior
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, anterior tubercles of transverse processes of third to sixth cervical vertebrae; insertion, scalene tubercle of first rib; action, raises first rib; nerve supply, cervical plexus. ... Synonym: musculus scalenus anterior, anterior scalene muscle, musculus scalenus anticus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalenus anterior syndrome
<syndrome> One of the precursors of disputed neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome; a popular cause for upper extremity discomfort in the late 1930s and 1940s, based on the unproven concept that the lower trunk and brachial plexus and subclavian artery could be compressed in the intrascalene triangle by hypertrophic scalenus anticus muscle, the …

scalenus medius
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, costotransverse lamellae of transverse processes of second to sixth cervical vertebrae; insertion, first rib posterior to subclavian artery; action, raises first rib; nerve supply, cervical plexus. ... Synonym: musculus scalenus medius, middle scalene muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalenus minimus muscle
<anatomy> An occasional independent muscular fasciculus between the scalenus anterior and medius, and having the same action and innervation. ... Synonym: musculus scalenus minimus, Albinus' muscle, Sibson's muscle, smallest scalene muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalenus posterior
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, posterior tubercles of transverse processes of fourth to sixth cervical vertebrae; insertion, lateral surface of second rib; action, elevates second rib; nerve supply, cervical and brachial plexuses. ... Synonym: musculus scalenus posterior, musculus scalenus posticus, posterior scalene muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scaler
<dentistry> A tool with a curved hook on one end. The orthodontist uses the scaler to remove excess cement, and check for gaps. ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

scaling laws
<radiobiology> These are mathematical rules explaining how variation in one quantity affects variations in other quantities. ... For instance, in a tokamak reactor its generally believed that energy confinement depends on the size of the device and the strength of the magnetic field, but the precise nature of the dependence is not fully unders …

scallion
1. <botany> A kind of small onion (Allium Ascalonicum), native of Palestine; the eschalot, or shallot. ... 2. Any onion which does not 'bottom out,' but remains with a thick stem like a leek. ... Origin: OF. Escalone, escaloingne, L. Caepa Ascalonius of Ascalon, fr. Ascalo Ascalon, a town in Palestine. Cf. Shallot. ... Source: Websters Dictionar …

scallop
1. <zoology> Any one of numerous species of marine bivalve mollusks of the genus Pecten and allied genera of the family Pectinidae. The shell is usually radially ribbed, and the edge is therefore often undulated in a characteristic manner. The large adductor muscle of some the species is much used as food. One species (Vola Jacobaeus) occurs …

scalloping
A series of indentations or erosions on a normally smooth margin of a structure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalp
1. That part of the integument of the head which is usually covered with hair. 'By the bare scalp of Robin Hodd's fat friar, This fellow were a king for our wild faction!' (Shak) ... 2. A part of the skin of the head, with the hair attached, cut or torn off from an enemy by the Indian warriors of North America, as a token of victory. ... 3. The top; …

scalp contusion
A bruise to the scalp with no internal damage. Features include scalp swelling (scalp haematoma) and tenderness that is often difficult to distinguish from skull fracture. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

scalp haematoma
<surgery> A collection of blood in the soft tissues adjacent the skull. A frequent finding in those with a scalp contusion. ... (06 Mar 1998) ...

scalp hair
A hair of the head. ... Synonym: capillus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalp infection
An infection external to the galea; e.g., folliculitis or cellulitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalp laceration
A tear of the dermis or underlying tissues and galea aponeurotica of the scalp. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalp muscle
Synonym for epicranius muscle ... <anatomy> Composed of the epicranial aponeurosis and the muscles inserting into it, i.e., the occipitofrontalis musculus and temporoparietalis musculus. ... Synonym: musculus epicranius, epicranial muscle, scalp muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalping
<surgery> Scalping iron, an instrument used in scraping foul and carious bones; a raspatory. Scalping knife, a knife used by north American Indians in scalping. ... (06 Mar 1998) ...

scalpriform incisors
The cutting or gnawing incisor's of a rodent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scalprum
1. A large strong scalpel. ... 2. A raspatory. ... Origin: L. Chisel, penknife, fr. Scalpo, pp. Scalptus, to carve ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scaly
1. Covered or abounding with scales; as, a scaly fish. 'Scaly crocodile.' ... 2. Resembling scales, laminae, or layers. ... 3. Mean; low; as, a scaly fellow. ... 4. <botany> Composed of scales lying over each other; as, a scaly bulb; covered with scales; as, a scaly stem. ... <zoology> Scaly ant-eater, the pangolin. ... Source: Websters Dict …

scaly leg
A thickened, encrusted condition of the legs of fowls caused by the mite, Knemidokoptes mutans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scaly ringworm
Synonym for tinea imbricata ... An eruption consisting of a number of concentric rings of overlapping scales forming papulosquamous patches scattered over the body; it occurs in tropical climates and is caused by the fungus Trichophyton concentricum. ... Synonym: herpes desquamans, Malabar itch, Oriental ringworm, scaly ringworm, tinea tropicalis, To …

scaly tetter
An obsolete colloquialism for eczema. ... Wet tetter, outmoded term for a moist eczematous dermatitis. ... Synonym: humid tetter, moist tetter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scammony
1. <botany> A species of bindweed or Convolvulus (C. Scammonia). ... 2. An inspissated sap obtained from the rot of the Convolvulus Scammonia, of a blackish gray colour, a nauseous smell like that of old cheese, and a somewhat acrid taste. It is used in medicine as a cathartic. ... Origin: F. Scammonee, L. Scammonia, scammonea, Gr. ... Source: W …

scamp
To perform in a hasty, neglectful, or imperfect manner; to do superficially. 'A workman is said to scamp his work when he does it in a superficial, dishonest manner.' (Wedgwood) 'Much of the scamping and dawdling complained of is that of men in establishments of good repute.' (T. Hughes) ... Origin: Cf. Scamp, or Scant, and Skimp. ... Source: Webster …

scamping speech
A form of lalling in which consonants or syllables that are difficult to pronounce are omitted. ... Synonym: clipped speech. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scan
A type of imaging, for example ultrasound, MR, CT, scintigram. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

scan rate
<microscopy> The number of horizontal-scan lines per frame and vertical scans per second that are repeated in video, for example, 525/60, 625/50. In 525/60, 2: 1 interlaced video, the V scan is repeated at the field rate (which is half of the frame rate for 2: 1 interlaced video) so that 525 H scans take place 30 times a second. The H-scan ra …

scandal
1. Offense caused or experienced; reproach or reprobation called forth by what is regarded as wrong, criminal, heinous, or flagrant: opprobrium or disgrace. 'O, what a scandal is it to our crown, That two such noble peers as ye should jar!' (Shak) '[I] have brought scandal To Israel, diffidence of God, and doubt In feeble hearts.' (Milton) ... 2. Re …

scandent
Climbing. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

scandentia
An order of the class mammals that consists of one family, tupaiidae (tree shrews), 5 genera (one of which is tupaia), and 16 species. Their recent distribution is from india to the philippines, southern china to java, borneo, sumatra, bali, and other islands in those regions. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

scandium
<chemistry> A rare metallic element of the boron group, whose existence was predicated under the provisional name ekaboron by means of the periodic law, and subsequently discovered by spectrum analysis in certain rare Scandinavian minerals (euxenite and gadolinite). It has not yet been isolated. Symbol Sc. Atomic weight 44 ... Origin: NL. So c …

scanner
A device or instrument that scans. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scanning
The act of imaging by traversing with an active or passive sensing device, often identified by the technology or device employed. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scanning electron microscope
<instrument> An electron microscope in which the image is formed by a beam synchronised with an electron probe scanning the object. ... The intensity of the image forming beam is proportional to the scattering or secondary emission of the specimen where the probe strikes it ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

scanning electron microscopy
<procedure> Technique of electron microscopy in which the specimen is coated with heavy metal and then scanned by an electron beam. The image is built up on a monitor screen (in the same way as the raster builds a conventional television image). The resolution is not so great as with transmission electron microscopy, but preparation is easier …

scanning equalization radiography
An electronically enhanced method of radiography in which a small X-ray beam is scanned over the patient while its attenuation is measured, providing feedback to modulate beam intensity in order to equalise average X-ray film exposure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Scanning Probe Microscopy
<technique> Initially called Atomic Force Microscopy, this technique is now more typically termed Scanning Force Microscopy or Scanning Probe Microscopy. ... This instrument is essentially an extremely high resolution profilometre. A sharp tip, typically fabricated from silicon nitride, is scanned across the surface of a sample at a constant f …

scanning speech
Measured or metered, often slow speech. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scanning tunnelling microscopy
<procedure> A form of ultra high resolution microscopy of a surface in which a very small current is passed through a surface and is detected by a microprobe of atomic dimnensions at its tip that scans the surface by use of a piezodrive. In the simplest form the current transferred to the probe is recorded as an indication of the contours of …

scanogram
A radiographic technique for showing true dimensions by moving a narrow orthogonal beam of X-rays along the length of the structure being measured, e.g., the lower extremities. ... Origin: scan-+ G. Gramma, something written ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scans
Imaging of body tissue, usually using radioactive substances. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

scansores
<ornithology> An artifical group of birds formerly regarded as an order. They are distributed among several orders by modern ornithologists. ... The toes are in pairs, two before and two behind, by which they are enabled to cling to, and climb upon, trees, as the woodpeckers, parrots, cuckoos, and trogons. ... Origin: L. Scandere, scansum, to c …

scant
1. Not full, large, or plentiful; scarcely sufficient; less than is wanted for the purpose; scanty; meager; not enough; as, a scant allowance of provisions or water; a scant pattern of cloth for a garment. 'His sermon was scant, in all, a quarter of an hour.' (Ridley) ... 2. Sparing; parsimonious; chary. 'Be somewhat scanter of your maiden presence. …

Scanzoni, Friedrich
<person> German obstetrician, 1821-1891. ... See: Scanzoni's manoeuvre, Scanzoni's second os. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Scanzoni's manoeuvre
Forceps rotation and traction in a spiral course, with reapplication of forceps for delivery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...