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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


scavenger cell
One of a diverse group of white blood cells with the capacity to engulf and destroy foreign material, dead tissues and cells. ... See: Phagocytosis. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

Scedosporium apiospermum
The imperfect state of the fungus Pseudallescheria boydii, one of the 16 species of true fungi that may cause mycetoma in humans. ... Synonym: Monosporium apiospermum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scelalgia
Pain in the leg. ... Origin: G. Skelos, leg, + algos, pain ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scene
1. The structure on which a spectacle or play is exhibited; the part of a theater in which the acting is done, with its adjuncts and decorations; the stage. ... 2. The decorations and fittings of a stage, representing the place in which the action is supposed to go on; one of the slides, or other devices, used to give an appearance of reality to the …

scenery
1. Assemblage of scenes; the scenes of a play; the disposition and arrangement of the scenes in which the action of a play, poem, etc, is laid; representation of place of action or occurence. ... 2. Sum of scenes or views; general aspect, as regards variety and beauty or the reverse, in a landscape; combination of natural views, as woods, hills, etc …

scent
Synonym: odour. ... Origin: M.E., fr. O.Fr., fr. L. Sentio, to feel ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scent glands
Exocrine glands in animals which secrete scents which either repel or attract other animals, e.g. Perianal glands of skunks, anal glands of weasels, musk glands of foxes, ventral glands of wood rats, and dorsal glands of peccaries. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

SCF
Standard cubic foot. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

SCFM
Standard cubic foot per minute. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

SCG10 gene
A neural specific gene that encodes a growth associated protein expressed early in the development of neuronal derivatives of the neural crest. The 22 kD intracellular protein is associated with the membranous organelles that accumulate in growth cones. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sch-23390
<chemical> 8-chloro-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-methyl-5-phenyl-1h-3-benzazepin-7-ol. A dopamine d1 receptor antagonist that has no effect or only very limited effect on dopamine d2 receptors. The compound has tranquillising effects, inhibits conditioned avoidance response, impairs memory acquisition, produces dose-dependent catalepsy, blocks centra …

SCH9 protein kinase
<enzyme> Acts independently of camp-dependent protein kinase and the transcriptional activator adr1 in controlling yeast adh2 expression ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

Schacher
Polycarp G., German physician, 1674-1737. ... See: Schacher's ganglion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schacher's ganglion
Synonym for ciliary ganglion ... <anatomy, neurology> Neural crest derived ganglion acting as relay between parasympathetic neurons of the oculomotor nucleus in the midbrain and the muscles regulating the diameter of the pupil of the eye. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Schaeffer-Fulton stain
<technique> A stain for bacterial spores using malachite green and safranin so that bacterial bodies are red to pink and spores are green. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schaer's reagent
An alcoholic or aqueous solution of chloral hydrate used as an extraction medium in investigations of alkaloids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schafer
Sir Edward A. Sharpey-, English physiologist and histologist, 1850-1935. ... See: Schafer's method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schafer's method
An obsolete method of resuscitation in cases of drowning or asphyxia; the patient is laid face downward and natural breathing is imitated by gentle intermittent pressure over the lower part of the thorax at the rate of about 15 times a minute. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schaffer
Max, German neurologist, 1852-1923. ... See: Schaffer's reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schaffer's reflex
In cases of injury to the corticospinal tract, the great toe is dorsiflexed when the skin over the Achilles tendon is pinched. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schaffer's test
A test for nitrites in the urine; urine is decolorised with animal charcoal and then 4 ml of a 10% solution of acetic acid and 3 drops of a 5% solution of potassium ferrocyanide are added; if nitrites are present, an intense yellow colour will be produced. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schamberg
Jay F., U.S. Dermatologist, 1870-1934. ... See: Schamberg's dermatitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schamberg's dermatitis
Synonym for progressive pigmentary dermatosis ... Chronic purpura, especially of the legs in men, spreading to form brownish patches; associated microscopically with perivascular lymphatic infiltration, diapedesis, and haemosiderosis. ... Synonym: Schamberg's dermatitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schanz
Alfred, German orthopedic surgeon, 1868-1931. ... See: Schanz syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schanz syndrome
<syndrome> Spinal muscle weakness, marked by quick fatigue, pain on pressure over the spinous processes, pain produced by the prone position, and a tendency to curvature of the spine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schapiro
Heinrich, Russian physician, 1852-1901. ... See: Schapiro's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schapiro's sign
<clinical sign> In myocardial weakness, no slowing of the pulse occurs when the patient lies down. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schardinger
Franz, 19th century Austrian scientist. ... See: Schardinger dextrins, Schardinger enzyme, Schardinger reaction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schardinger dextrins
Cyclic rings of glucose monomer (usually 6 to 8) linked alpha-1,4; the result of action of Bacillus macerans on starch. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schardinger enzyme
Synonym for xanthine oxidase ... <enzyme> Dehydrogenases involved in conversion of hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to uric acid, as the final catabolism of purines. Deficient in the human disease xanthinuria. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Schardinger reaction
The reduction of methylene blue to methylene white by formaldehyde is rapidly catalyzed by fresh milk but not by boiled milk, the catalyzing agent being xanthine oxidase (Schardinger's enzyme); an example of oxidation in the absence of O2 with an organic hydrogen acceptor (the dye). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scharlach red
Synonym for scarlet red ... O-Tolylazo-o-tolylazo-beta-naphthol. An azo dye; a dark, brownish red powder, soluble in oils, fats, and chloroform, but insoluble in water; used in medicine as a vulnerary, in histology to stain fat in tissue sections and basic proteins at high pH, and in immunoelectrophoresis. ... Synonym: Biebrich scarlet red, medicinal …

Schatzki
Richard, U.S. Radiologist, 1901-1992. ... See: Schatzki's ring. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schatzki ring
<radiology> B ring of distal oesophagus, squamo-columnar junction, with or without hiatus hernia, intemittent symptoms if 13-20 mm, steakhouse syndrome, Treatment: balloon or bougie see: oesophageal webs and rings ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

schatzki's ring
A congenital anatomic narrowing in the lower 1/3 of the oesophagus that is the result of inappropriate embryological development of the oesophagus. ... Symptoms include difficulty swallowing and chest pain (under the sternum). Treatment involves the use of a fibreoptic endoscope using a dilator to open up the narrowed segment of the oesophagus. ... ( …

Schaudinn
Fritz R., German bacteriologist, 1871-1906. ... See: Schaudinn's fixative. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schaudinn's fixative
A solution of mercuric chloride, sodium chloride, alcohol, and glacial acetic acid, used on wet smears for cytologic fixation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schaumann
Jorgen, Swedish physician, 1879-1953. ... See: Schaumann bodies, Schaumann's lymphogranuloma, Schaumann's syndrome, Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann disease, Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schaumann bodies
Concentrically laminated calcified body's found in granulomas, particularly in sarcoidosis. ... Synonym: conchoidal bodies. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schaumann's lymphogranuloma
Old eponym for sarcoidosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schaumann's syndrome
Synonym for sarcoidosis ... <disease> Disease of unknown aetiology in which there are chronic inflammatory granulomatous lesions in lymph nodes and other organs. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Schaumberg
H.H., U.S. Neuropathologist, *1912. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schauta
Friedrich, Austrian gynecologist, 1849-1919. ... See: Schauta vaginal operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schauta vaginal operation
An extensive extirpation of the uterus and the adnexa, using the vaginal approach facilitated by Schuchardt's operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schede
Max, German surgeon, 1844-1902. ... See: Schede's clot, Schede's method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schede's clot
Synonym for Schede's method ... Filling of the defect in bone, after removal of a sequestrum or scraping away carious material, by allowing the cavity to fill with blood which may become organised (Schede's clot). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schede's method
Filling of the defect in bone, after removal of a sequestrum or scraping away carious material, by allowing the cavity to fill with blood which may become organised (Schede's clot). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schedule
A written or printed scroll or sheet of paper; a document; especially, a formal list or inventory; a list or catalogue annexed to a larger document, as to a will, a lease, a statute, etc. 2. Timetable, especially. A list of times at which a conveyance is expected to arrive or leave. 3. Program, a list of items which will occur during an event, usu. …

scheduled drug
A drug assigned to any of the five schedules in the Controlled Substances Act (1970). ... See: controlled substance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Scheele
Karl W., Swedish chemist, 1742-1786. ... See: Scheele's green. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Scheibe's deafness
Deafness (may be unilateral) due to cochleosaccular dysplasia; usually autosomal recessive inheritance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Scheibler's reagent
A solution of sodium tungstate in phosphoric acid used in tests for alkaloids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Scheie
Harold G., U.S. Ophthalmologist, *1909. ... See: Scheie's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Scheie syndrome
<syndrome> Mucopolysaccharidosis (lysosomal disease) in which there is a defect in _ L iduronidase. Fibroblasts from Scheie syndrome patients do not cross correct fibroblasts from Hurler syndrome, although the two conditions are clinically distinct. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

scheie's syndrome
<syndrome> A hereditary metabolic disorder caused by a recessive gene which results in a deficiency of the enzyme alpha-L-iduronidase, which breaks down dermatan sulphate and heparan sulphate, two types of mucopolysaccharides (complex carbohydrates). Consequently, the mucopolysaccharides accumulate in the cells of the body and cause damage.
Scheiner
Christoph, German physicist, 1575-1650. ... See: Scheiner's experiment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Scheiner's experiment
A demonstration of accommodation; through two minute holes in a card, separated from each other by less than the diameter of the pupil, one looks at a pin; at a short distance from the eye the pin appears double; as it is moved from the eye a point is found where it appears single, and beyond which it remains single for the emmetropic eye, but for …

Schellong
Fritz, German physician, 1891-1953. ... See: Schellong test, Schellong-Strisower phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schellong test
A test for circulatory function; the subject is required to stand for 10 to 20 minutes, during which time the blood pressure is measured continuously; a fall of systolic pressure of 20 mm Hg or more indicates poor circulatory function. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schellong-Strisower phenomenon
A reduction of the systolic blood pressure, accompanied sometimes by vertigo, on rising from the horizontal to the erect posture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schema
1. A plan, outline, or arrangement. ... Synonym: scheme. ... 2. In sensorimotor theory, the organised unit of cognitive experience. ... Origin: G. Schema, shape, form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schematic
Made after a definite type of formula; representing in general, but not with absolute exactness; denoting an anatomical drawing or model. ... Origin: G. Schematikos, in outward show, fr. Schema, shape, form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schematic eye
The representation of the optical system of an ideal normal eye in which are listed the curvatures and indices of refraction of the refracting elements and their intervening distances. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schematograph
An instrument for making a tracing in reduced size of the outline of the body. ... Origin: G. Schema, form, + grapho, to write ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scheme
1. A combination of things connected and adjusted by design; a system. 'The appearance and outward scheme of things.' (Locke) 'Such a scheme of things as shall at once take in time and eternity.' (Atterbury) 'Arguments . . . Sufficient to support and demonstrate a whole scheme of moral philosophy.' (J. Edwards) 'The Revolution came and changed his …

schemochromes
Synonym for structural colour ... A colour created by an optical effect (e.g., via interference, refraction, or diffraction). Many naturally occurring blues fall in this class. ... Compare: natural pigment. ... Synonym: schemochromes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schenck
Benjamin R., U.S. Surgeon, 1873-1920. ... See: Schenck's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schenck's disease
Synonym for sporotrichosis ... <dermatology> A chronic fungal infection caused by Sporothrix schenckii. A granulomatous infection that usually involves the skin and superficial lymph nodes. ... (06 Mar 1998) ...

Scheuermann
Holger W., Danish surgeon, 1877-1960. ... See: Scheuermann's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scheuermann disease
<radiology> Decreased disc space, especially anteriorly, irreg. Vertebral endplates, with or without Schmorl nodes ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

scheuermann's disease
Osteochondrosis of the vertebral epiphyses in children. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Schick
Bela, Austrian paediatrician in U.S., 1877-1967. ... See: Schick method, Schick test, Schick test toxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schick method
Synonym for Schick test ... A test for susceptibility to Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin: 0.1 ml of Schick test toxin is injected into the skin of one forearm (test site) and the same quantity of the same, but heat-inactivated, material into the skin of the other forearm (control site); individuals with toxin-neutralizing antibodies either will ha …

Schick test
A test for susceptibility to Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin: 0.1 ml of Schick test toxin is injected into the skin of one forearm (test site) and the same quantity of the same, but heat-inactivated, material into the skin of the other forearm (control site); individuals with toxin-neutralizing antibodies either will have no reaction at either in …

Schick test toxin
Corynebacterium diphtheriae toxin diluted so that the inoculated dose (0.1 or 0.2 ml) will contain 1/50 th of guinea pig minimal lethal dose. ... See: Schick test. ... Synonym: diagnostic diphtheria toxin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schiff base
The reaction of a primary amine with an aldehyde or ketone yields an imine sometimes called a Schiff base. When an arylamine is used the Schiff base may form an intermediate in a staining reaction, for example for polysaccharides. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

schiff bases
Condensation products of aromatic amines and aldehydes forming azomethines substituted on the n atom, containing the general formula r-n:chr. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Schiff-Sherrington phenomenon
When the spinal cord is transected in the midthoracic region or a little lower, the stretch and other postural reflexes of the upper extremity become exaggerated; if the transection is made in the sacral cord, a similar effect is observed in the lower limbs. The effect is regarded as a release phenomenon, i.e., release from an inhibitory influence …

Schiff, Hugo
<person> German chemist in Florence, 1834-1915. ... See: Schiff base, Schiff's reagent, Kasten's fluorescent Schiff reagents, periodic acid-Schiff stain, ninhydrin-Schiff stain for proteins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schiff, Moritz
<person> German physiologist, 1823-1896. ... See: Schiff-Sherrington phenomenon. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schiff's reagent
An aqueous solution of basic fuchsin or pararosaniline which is decolorised by sulfur dioxide, commonly prepared by addition of hydrochloric acid to a dye solution containing a metabisulphite or bisulphite salt; used for aldehydes and in histochemistry to detect polysaccharides, DNA, and proteins. ... See: Feulgen stain, periodic acid-Schiff stain, …

schilder syndrome
<radiology> Sudanophilic leukodystrophy, males (2:1), onset prepuberty, rapidly progressive demyelinating disease, weakness may lead to paralysis, apathy may lead to stupor, death usually in months, occipital and temporal most severely affected ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Schilder's disease
Term used to describe at least two separate disorders described by Schilder: 1) Diffuse sclerosis or encephalitis periaxialis diffusa; a nonfamilial disorder affecting primarily children and young adults and characterised by progressive dementia, visual disturbances, deafness, pseudobulbar palsy, and hemiplegia or quadriplegia. Most patients die wi …

schiller
<chemical> The peculiar bronzelike luster observed in certain minerals, as hypersthene, schiller spar, etc. It is due to the presence of minute inclusions in parallel position, and in sometimes of secondary origin. ... <chemical> Schiller spar, an altered variety of enstatite, exhibiting, in certain positions, a bronzelike luster. ... Ori …

Schiller, Walter
<person> Austrian pathologist in U.S., 1887-1960. ... See: Schiller's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schiller's test
A test for nonglycogen-containing areas of the portio vaginalis of the cervix, which may be the site of early carcinoma; such areas fail to stain dark brown with iodine solution; loss of glycogen due to erosion and other benign conditions may also give a positive result. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schilling test
<investigation> This test measures the amount of vitamin B12 in the urine after ingesting a dose of B12. This test evaluates vitamin B12 absorption. The cells in the stomach produce a substance known as intrinsic factor. This substance combines with B12 to allow absorption in the distal ileum. The patient is given a small dose of radioactive …

Schilling, Victor
<person> German haematologist, 1883-1960. ... See: Schilling's blood count, Schilling's band cell, Schilling's index, Schilling test, Schilling type of monocytic leukaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schilling's band cell
Synonym for band cell ... <pathology> Immature neutrophils released from the bone marrow reserve in response to acute demand. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Schilling's blood count
A method of counting blood in which the polymorphonuclear neutrophils are separated into four groups according to the number and arrangement of the nuclear masses in these cells. ... Synonym: Schilling's index. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schilling's index
Synonym for Schilling's blood count ... A method of counting blood in which the polymorphonuclear neutrophils are separated into four groups according to the number and arrangement of the nuclear masses in these cells. ... Synonym: Schilling's index. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schindler disease
An autosomal recessive disorder with deficient activity of alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase resulting in accumulation of glycoproteins and other substrates which are deposited in terminal axons, primarily in gray matter. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schindyletic joint
Synonym for wedge-and-groove joint ... A form of fibrous joint in which the sharp edge of one bone is received in a cleft in the edge of the other, as in the articulation of the vomer with the rostrum of the sphenoid. ... Synonym: schindylesis, schindyletic joint, wedge-and-groove suture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schiotz tonometer
An instrument that measures ocular tension by indicating the ease with which the cornea is indented. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schiotz, Hjalmar
<person> Norwegian physician, 1850-1927. ... See: Schiotz tonometer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schirmer test
A test for tear production using a strip of filter paper; a measurement of basal and reflex lacrimal gland function. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Schirmer, Otto
<person> German ophthalmologist, 1864-1917. ... See: Schirmer test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schisencephalic microcephaly
Dysgenic process resulting in focal cerebral defects. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

schisencephaly
<radiology> Very rare, funnel-shaped cleft in midportion of cerebral hemispheres, communicates with ventricles, may be destructive (porencephaly) or developmental, associated with septo-optic dysplasia ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

schism
Division or separation; specifically, permanent division or separation in the Christian church; breach of unity among people of the same religious faith; the offense of seeking to produce division in a church without justifiable cause. 'Set bounds to our passions by reason, to our errors by truth, and to our schisms by charity.' (Eikon Basilike) Gr …