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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

scrub typhus
A mite-borne infectious disease caused by a microorganism, rickettsia tsutsugamushi, characteristically with fever, headache, a raised (macular) rash, swollen glands (lymphadenopathy) and a dark crusted ulcer (called an eschar or tache noire) at the site of the chigger (mite larva) bite. This disease occurs in the area bounded by japan, india, and …

scrubber
A device to clean combustible gas or stack gas by the spraying of water. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

scruin
<protein> Actin binding protein found associated with the acrosomal process of Limulus polyphemus. Scruin holds the microfilaments of the core process in a strained configuration so that the process is coiled. The myosin binding sites on the microfilaments are blocked so HMM decoration is impossible, indicating that there is an unusual packin …

scruple
An apothecaries' weight of 20 grains or one-third of a dram. ... Origin: L. Scrupulus, a small sharp stone, a weight, the 24th part of an ounce, a scruple, dim. Of scrupus, a sharp stone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

SCUBA
Acronym for self-contained underwater breathing apparatus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scud
1. The act of scudding; a driving along; a rushing with precipitation. ... 2. Loose, vapory clouds driven swiftly by the wind. 'Borne on the scud of the sea.' (Longfellow) 'The scud was flying fast above us, throwing a veil over the moon.' (Sir S. Baker) ... 3. A slight, sudden shower. ... 4. <ornithology> A small flight of larks, or other birds …

sculpin
<zoology> Any one of numerous species of marine cottoid fishes of the genus Cottus, or Acanthocottus, having a large head armed with sharp spines, and a broad mouth. They are generally mottled with yellow, brown, and black. Several species are found on the Atlantic coasts of Europe and America. ... A large cottoid market fish of California (Sc …

sculpture
1. The art of carving, cutting, or hewing wood, stone, metal, etc, into statues, ornaments, etc, or into figures, as of men, or other things; hence, the art of producing figures and groups, whether in plastic or hard materials. ... 2. Carved work modeled of, or cut upon, wood, stone, metal, etc. 'There, too, in living sculpture, might be seen The ma …

Scultetus
(Scultet) ... Originall y Schultes, Johann, German surgeon, 1595-1645. ... See: Scultetus' bandage, Scultetus' position. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Scultetus' bandage
A large oblong cloth, the ends of which are cut into narrow strips, which is applied to the thorax or abdomen, the strips being tied or overlapped and pinned. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Scultetus' position
A supine position on an inclined plane with head low, recommended by Scultetus for herniotomy and castration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scum
1. The extraneous matter or impurities which rise to the surface of liquids in boiling or fermentation, or which form on the surface by other means; also, the scoria of metals in a molten state; dross. 'Some to remove the scum it did rise.' (Spenser) ... 2. Refuse; recrement; anything vile or worthless. 'The great and innocent are insulted by the sc …

scumbling
1. A mode of obtaining a softened effect, in painting and drawing, by the application of a thin layer of opaque colour to the surface of a painting, or part of the surface, which is too bright in colour, or which requires harmonizing. In crayon drawing, the use of the stump. ... 2. The colour so laid on. Also used figuratively. 'Shining above the br …

scup
<zoology> A marine sparoid food fish (Stenotomus chrysops, or S. Argyrops), common on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It appears bright silvery when swimming in the daytime, but shows broad blackish transverse bands at night and when dead. Called also porgee, paugy, porgy, scuppaug. ... The same names are also applied to a closely all …

scurf
1. Thin dry scales or scabs upon the body; especially, thin scales exfoliated from the cuticle, particularly of the scalp; dandruff. ... 2. Hence, the foul remains of anything adherent. 'The scurf is worn away of each committed crime.' (Dryden) ... 3. Anything like flakes or scales adhering to a surface. 'There stood a hill not far, whose grisly top …

scurvy
Disease caused by Vitamin C deficiency. The effects are due to a failure of the hydroxylation of proline residues in collagen synthesis and the consequent failure of fibroblasts to produce mature collagen. ... See: hydroxyproline. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

scurvy rickets
infantile scurvy ...

scutch
1. To beat or whip; to drub. ... 2. To separate the woody fibre from (flax, hemp, etc) by beating; to swingle. ... 3. To loosen and dress the fibre of (cotton or silk) by beating; to free (fibrous substances) from dust by beating and blowing. Scutching machine, a machine used to scutch cotton, silk, or flax; called also batting machine. ... Origin: Se …

scutellated
1. <zoology> Formed like a plate or salver; composed of platelike surfaces; as, the scutellated bone of a sturgeon. ... 2. [See Scutellum. ... <ornithology, zoology> Having the tarsi covered with broad transverse scales, or scutella; said of certain birds. ... Origin: L. Scutella a dish, salver. Cf. Scuttle a basket. ... Source: Websters Di …

scutellum
Part of the embryo in seeds of the Poaceae (grasses). Can be considered equivalent to the cotyledon of other monocotyledenous seeds. During germination, absorbs degraded storage material from the endosperm and transfers it to the growing axis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

scutibranchiata
<zoology> An order of gastropod Mollusca having a heart with two auricles and one ventricle. The shell may be either spiral or shieldlike. ... It is now usually regarded as including only the Rhipidoglossa and the Docoglossa. When originally established, it included a heterogenous group of mollusks having shieldlike shells, such as Haliotis, F …

scutiform
Shield-shaped. ... Synonym: scutate. ... Origin: L. Scutum, shield, + forma, form ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Scutigera
A genus of centipedes commonly found in the eastern U.S.; the eastern house centipede is a member of the species Scutigera cleopatra. ... Origin: L. Scutum, an oblong shield ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scutular
Relating to a scutulum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scutulum
A yellow saucer-shaped crust, the characteristic lesion of favus, consisting of a mass of hyphae and spores. ... Origin: L. Dim. Of scutum, shield ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scutum
Origin: L. ... 1. An oblong shield made of boards or wickerwork covered with leather, with sometimes an iron rim; carried chiefly by the heavy-armed infantry. ... 2. A penthouse or awning. ... 3. <zoology> The second and largest of the four parts forming the upper surface of a thoracic segment of an insect. It is preceded by the prescutum and fo …

scybalous
Relating to scybala. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scybalum
A hard round mass of inspissated faeces. ... Origin: G. Skybalon, excrement ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scyllaea
<zoology> A genus of oceanic nudibranchiate mollusks having the small branched gills situated on the upper side of four fleshy lateral lobes, and on the median caudal crest. ... In colour and form these mollusks closely imitate the fronds of sargassum and other floathing seaweeds among which they live. ... Origin: NL. See Scylla. ... Source: Web …

scyllo-inosamine 4-kinase
<enzyme> Chemical name: ATP 2-amino-2-deoxy-scyllo-inositol phosphotransferase ... Registry number: EC 2.7.1.65 ... Synonym: ATP inosamine phosphotransferase, scyllo-inosamine kinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

scyphistoma
<zoology> The young attached larva of Discophora in the stage when it resembles a hydroid, or actinian. ... (06 Mar 1998) ...

scyphoid
Cup-shaped. ... Synonym: scyphiform. ... Origin: G. Skyphos, cup, + eidos, resemblance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

scytalone dehydratase
<enzyme> Converts scytalone to 1,3,8-trihydroxynapthalene; on path to melanin biosynthesis ... Registry number: EC 4.2.1.94 ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

scythe
1. An instrument for mowing grass, grain, or the like, by hand, composed of a long, curving blade, with a sharp edge, made fast to a long handle, called a snath, which is bent into a form convenient for use. 'The sharp-edged scythe shears up the spiring grass.' (Dryden) 'The scythe of Time mows down.' (Milton) ... 2. A scythe-shaped blade attached t …

scythian
1. <ethnology> A native or inhabitant of Scythia; specifically, one of a Slavonic race which in early times occupied Eastern Europe. ... 2. The language of the Scythians. ... Of or pertaining to Scythia (a name given to the northern part of Asia, and Europe adjoining to Asia), or its language or inhabitants. Scythian lamb. ... <botany> See …

SD
<abbreviation> Streptodornase; standard deviation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

SDA
<abbreviation> Specific dynamic action. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

SDS
<abbreviation> Sodium dodecyl sulfate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

SDZ 90-215 synthetase
<enzyme> Catalyses the synthesis of sdz 90-215 in the fungus septoria ... Registry number: EC 6.3.2.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

Se
Symbol for selenium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sea
<oncogene> An oncogene, identified in bird sarcoma, encoding a receptor tyrosine kinase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sea amenone
<zoology> Any one of numerous species of soft-bodied Anthozoa, belonging to the order Actrinaria; an actinian. ... They have the oral disk surrounded by one or more circles of simple tapering tentacles, which are often very numerous, and when expanded somewhat resemble the petals of flowers, with colours varied and often very beautiful. ... Sou …

sea anemones
Numerous almost invariably solitary polyps of the order actiniaria. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sea bass
<zoology> A large marine food fish (Serranus, or Centropristis, atrarius) which abounds on the Atlantic coast of the United States. It is dark bluish, with black bands, and more or less varied with small white spots and blotches. Called also, locally, blue bass, black sea bass, blackfish, bluefish, and black perch. A California food fish (Cyn …

sea cucumbers
A class of echinodermata characterised by long, slender bodies. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sea eagle
1. <zoology> Any one of several species of fish-eating eagles of the genus Haliaeetus and allied genera, as the North Pacific sea eagle. (H. Pelagicus), which has white shoulders, head, rump, and tail; the European white-tailed eagle (H. Albicilla); and the Indian white-tailed sea eagle, or fishing eagle (Polioaetus ichthyaetus). The bald eag …

sea elephant
<zoology> A very large seal (Macrorhinus proboscideus) of the Antarctic seas, much hunted for its oil. It sometimes attains a length of thirty feet, and is remarkable for the prolongation of the nose of the adult male into an erectile elastic proboscis, about a foot in length. Another species of smaller size (M. Angustirostris) occurs on the …

sea gull murmur
A murmur imitating the cooing sound of a seagull nearly always due to aortic stenosis or mitral regurgitation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sea horse
1. A fabulous creature, half horse and half fish, represented in classic mythology as driven by sea dogs or ridden by the Nereids. It is also depicted in heraldry. See Hippocampus. ... 2. <zoology> The walrus. Any fish of the genus Hippocampus. ... In a passage of Dryden's, the word is supposed to refer to the hippopotamus. ... Source: Websters …

sea lion
<zoology> Any one of several large species of seals of the family Otariidae native of the Pacific Ocean, especially the southern sea lion (Otaria jubata) of the South American coast; the northern sea lion (Eumetopias Stelleri) found from California to Japan; and the black, or California, sea lion (Zalophus Californianus), which is common on t …

sea otter
<zoology> An aquatic carnivore (Enhydris lutris, or marina) found in the North Pacific Ocean. Its fur is highly valued, especially by the Chinese. It is allied to the common otter, but is larger, with feet more decidedly webbed. ... <botany> Sea-otter's cabbage, a gigantic kelp of the Pacific Ocean (Nereocystis Lutkeana). See Nereocystis …

sea scurvy
Synonym for scurvy ... Disease caused by Vitamin C deficiency. The effects are due to a failure of the hydroxylation of proline residues in collagen synthesis and the consequent failure of fibroblasts to produce mature collagen. ... See: hydroxyproline. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

sea serpent
1. <zoology> Any marine snake. See Sea snake. ... 2. <zoology> A large marine animal of unknown nature, often reported to have been seen at sea, but never yet captured. ... Many accounts of sea serpents are imaginary or fictitious; others are greatly exaggerated and distorted by incompetent observers; but a number have been given by compe …

sea snake
<zoology> Any one of many species of venomous aquatic snakes of the family Hydrophidae, having a flattened tail and living entirely in the sea, especially in the warmer parts of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. They feed upon fishes, and are mostly of moderate size, but some species become eight or ten feet long and four inches broad. ... Source …

sea trout
<zoology> Any one of several species of true trouts which descend rivers and enter the sea after spawning, as the European bull trout and salmon trout, and the eastern American spotted trout. ... The common squeteague, and the spotted squeteague. ... A California fish of the family Chiridae, especially Hexagrammus decagrammus; called also spott …

sea urchin granuloma
Granulomatous nodules, either foreign-body type or composed of epitheliod cells, from the retention of the spine of the sea urchin, occurring several months after the wounding of the skin. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sea urchins
Somewhat flattened, globular echinoderms of the class echinoidea, having thin, brittle shells of calcareous plates. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sea-blue histiocyte
A histiocyte containing cytoplasmic granules that stain bright blue with haematologic stains such as Wright-Giemsa; found in bone marrow and in the spleen, associated with hepatosplenomegaly and thrombocytopenic purpura and in other blood diseases. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sea-blue histiocyte disease
Splenomegaly and mild thrombocytopenia, with histiocytes in the bone marrow which contain cytoplasmic granules that stain bright blue; sometimes familial; perhaps a lipidosis; autosomal recessive inheritance. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sea-blue histiocyte syndrome
<syndrome> Rare disorder consisting of splenomegaly, mild purpura secondary to thrombocytopenia, and occasionally, hepatic cirrhosis associated with the appearance of numerous histiocytes in the spleen and bone marrow which stain a sea-blue colour. It is sometimes considered a variant of niemann-pick disease. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

seaboat
1. A boat or vessel adapted to the open sea; hence, a vessel considered with reference to her power of resisting a storm, or maintaining herself in a heavy sea; as, a good sea boat. ... 2. <zoology> A chitin. ... Origin: AS. Saebat. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...

seafood
Marine fish and shellfish used as food or suitable for food. (webster, 3d ed) shellfish and fish products are more specific types of seafood. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

seal
1. To set or affix a seal to; hence, to authenticate; to confirm; to ratify; to establish; as, to seal a deed. 'And with my hand I seal my true heart's love.' (Shak) ... 2. To mark with a stamp, as an evidence of standard exactness, legal size, or merchantable quality; as, to seal weights and measures; to seal silverware. ... 3. To fasten with a seal …

seal fingers
Synonym for erysipeloid ... An infection caused by erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae that is almost wholly restricted to persons who in their occupation handle infected fish, shellfish, poultry, or meat. Three forms of this condition exist: a mild localised form manifested by local swelling and redness of the skin; a diffuse form that might present with …

seal-fin deformity
Deflection outward of the fingers in rheumatoid arthritis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sealant
A material used to effect an airtight closure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sealed jar technique
A technique for producing suspended animation in small experimental animals, consisting of sealing the animal in a jar which is then refrigerated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

seam
Origin: OE. Seem, seam, AS. Seam; akin to D. Zoom, OHG. Soum, G. Saum, LG. Soom, Icel. Saumr, Sw. & Dan. Som, and E. Sew. ... See Sew to fasten with thread. ... 1. The fold or line formed by sewing together two pieces of cloth or leather. ... 2. Hence, a line of junction; a joint; a suture, as on a ship, a floor, or other structure; the line of un …

seamstress's cramp
An occupational dystonia occurring in the fingers of women who sew. ... Synonym: sewing spasm. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sear
1. To wither; to dry up. ... 2. To burn (the surface of) to dryness and hardness; to cauterize; to expose to a degree of heat such as changes the colour or the hardness and texture of the surface; to scorch; to make callous; as, to sear the skin or flesh. Also used figuratively. 'I'm seared with burning steel.' (Rowe) 'It was in vain that the amiabl …

search
1. To look over or through, for the purpose of finding something; to examine; to explore; as, to search the city. 'Search the Scriptures.' 'They are come to search the house.' (Shak) 'Search me, O God, and know my heart.' (Ps. Cxxxix. 23) ... 2. To inquire after; to look for; to seek. 'I will both search my sheep, and seek them out.' (Ezek. Xxxiv. 1 …

searcher
One who, or that which, searhes or examines; a seeker; an inquirer; an examiner; a trier. Specifically: ... Formerly, an officer in London appointed to examine the bodies of the dead, and report the cause of death. ... An officer of the customs whose business it is to search ships, merchandise, luggage, etc. ... An inspector of leather. ... <medicin …

Seashore
Carl E., U.S. Psychologist, 1866-1949. ... See: Seashore test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Seashore test
A test in which the individual must discriminate between two sounds; or in which the sense of pitch, intensity, rhythm, and other components of innate musical ability can be measured. ... See: Halstead-Reitan battery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

seasickness
A form of motion sickness caused by the motion of a floating platform, such as a ship, boat, or raft. ... Synonym: mal de mer, naupathia, vomitus marinus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

season
1. One of the divisions of the year, marked by alternations in the length of day and night, or by distinct conditions of temperature, moisture, etc, caused mainly by the relative position of the earth with respect to the sun. In the north temperate zone, four seasons, namely, spring, summer, autumn, and winter, are generally recognised. Some parts …

seasonal affective disorder
A syndrome characterised by depressions that recur annually at the same time each year, usually during the winter months. Other symptoms include anxiety, irritability, decreased energy, increased appetite (carbohydrate cravings), increased duration of sleep, and weight gain. Sad (seasonal affective disorder) can be treated by daily exposure to brig …

seat
1. To place on a seat; to cause to sit down; as, to seat one's self. 'The guests were no sooner seated but they entered into a warm debate.' (Arbuthnot) ... 2. To cause to occupy a post, site, situation, or the like; to station; to establish; to fix; to settle. 'Thus high . . . Is King Richard seated.' (Shak) 'They had seated themselves in new Guian …

seat belts
Restraining belts fastened to the frame of automobiles, aircraft, or other vehicles, and strapped around the person occupying the seat in the car or plane, intended to prevent the person from being thrown forward or out of the vehicle in case of sudden deceleration. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

seatworms
Small nematode, Enterobius vermicularis, that is responsible for intestinal infection in humans. It appears as a small thread-like worm approximately 3-5mm in length. ... Common symptoms include anal itching that is worse at night when the female worm migrates to the anus to lay its eggs. Thin, white, thread-like worms may be visible at the anal ope …

seb-
See: sebo-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sebaceous
<physiology> Pertaining to, or secreting, fat; composed of fat; having the appearance of fat; as, the sebaceous secretions of some plants, or the sebaceous humor of animals. ... <obstetrics> Sebaceous cyst, small subcutaneous glands, usually connected with hair follicles. They secrete an oily semifluid matter, composed in great part of f …

sebaceous adenoma
<tumour> A benign neoplasm of sebaceous tissue, with a predominance of mature secretory sebaceous cells. ... Compare: adenoma sebaceum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sebaceous cyst
A closed sac (sebaceous gland) within the tissue containing oily or fatty semi-solid material. These cysts are found most commonly on the genitalia, vulva or labia. Features include a nontender, small lump in the skin. Sebaceous cysts which turn red or tender may require treatment with oral antibiotics. Warm wet compresses may help the cyst expel s …

sebaceous epithelioma
<tumour> A benign tumour of the sebaceous gland epithelium in which small basaloid or germinative cells predominate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sebaceous follicles
Synonym for sebaceous glands ... Numerous holocrine glands in the dermis that usually open into the hair follicles and secrete an oily semifluid sebum. ... Synonym: glandulae sebaceae, oil glands, sebaceous follicles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sebaceous gland
A normal gland of the skin which empties an oily secretion into the hair follicle near the surface of the skin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

sebaceous glands
Numerous holocrine glands in the dermis that usually open into the hair follicles and secrete an oily semifluid sebum. ... Synonym: glandulae sebaceae, oil glands, sebaceous follicles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sebaceous horn
A solid outgrowth from a sebaceous cyst. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sebaceous tubercle
Synonym for milium ... A small subepidermal keratin cyst, usually multiple and therefore commonly referred to in the plural. ... Synonym: sebaceous tubercle, tuberculum sebaceum, whitehead. ... Origin: L. Millet ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sebaceus
Synonym: sebaceous. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sebiagogic
Synonym: sebiferous. ... Origin: sebi-+ G. Agogos, leading ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sebileau
Pierre, French anatomist, 1860-1953. ... See: Sebileau's hollow, Sebileau's muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Sebileau's muscle
<anatomy> Deep fibres of the dartos tunic which pass into the scrotal septum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sebo-
Seb-sebi- ... Sebum, sebaceous. ... Origin: L. Sebum, suet, tallow ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

sebolith
A concretion in a sebaceous follicle. ... Origin: sebo-+ G. Lithos, stone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

seborrheic
Relating to seborrhoea. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

seborrheic blepharoconjunctivitis
Synonym for meibomian conjunctivitis ... An obsolete term for a conjunctivitis associated with chronic inflammation of the meibomian glands, with swollen tarsal plates and frothy seborrheic secretion. ... Synonym: seborrheic blepharoconjunctivitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

seborrheic dermatitis
<dermatology> A form of inflammatory skin rash that results from an over activity of the sebaceous glands in the skin. Treatment often includes a mild hydrocortisone-containing cream. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

seborrheic dermatosis
Synonym for seborrheic dermatitis ... <dermatology> A form of inflammatory skin rash that results from an over activity of the sebaceous glands in the skin. Treatment often includes a mild hydrocortisone-containing cream. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...