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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

matrix mitochondrialis
The substance occupying the space enclosed by the inner membrane of a mitochondrion; it contains enzymes, filaments of DNA, ribosomes, granules, and inclusions of protein crystals, glycogen, and lipid. ... Synonym: mitochondrial matrix. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

matrix processing peptidase
<enzyme> From matrix fraction of rat liver mitochondria; cleaves mitochondrial protein precursors; inhibited by metal chelators and reactived by mn2+; classified as EC 3.4.24.64 ... Registry number: EC 3.4.24.- ... Synonym: mitochondrial processing peptidase, mitochondrial processing protease, alpha-mpp, beta-mpp, p-52 protein, rat, p-55 protei …

matrix proteins
Proteins of the outer layer of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

matrix retainer
A mechanical device designed to hold a matrix around a tooth during restorative procedures, usually by engaging the ends of the matrix band and drawing the band tight. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

matrix unguis
Synonym for nail bed ... The area of the corium on which the nail rests; it is extremely sensitive and presents numerous longitudinal ridges on its surface. According to some anatomists, the nail bed is the portion covered by the body of the nail, the nail matrix being only the part on which the root of the nail rests. ... Synonym: matrix unguis, ker …

matrix-associated helicase
<enzyme> Component of the pre-mRNA splicing complex; has atpase activity and DNA helicase activity on a partially double-stranded DNA substrate in the 3'-5' direction ... Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- ... Synonym: helicase mah ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

matron
1. A wife or a widow, especially, one who has borne children; a woman of staid or motherly manners. 'Your wives, your daughters, Your matrons, and your maids.' (Shak) 'Grave from her cradle, insomuch that she was a matron before she was a mother.' (Fuller) ... 2. A housekeeper; especially, a woman who manages the domestic economy of a public instuti …

matte
1. <chemistry> A partly reduced copper sulphide, obtained by alternately roasting and melting copper ore in separating the metal from associated iron ores, and called coarse metal, fine metal, etc, according to the grade of fineness. On the exterior it is dark brown or black, but on a fresh surface is yellow or bronzy in colour. ... 2. A dead …

matter
<chemistry> The material of the universe. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

matter, gray
The cortex of the brain which contains nerve cell bodies. The gray matter is as opposed to the white matter, the part of the brain that contains myelinated nerve fibres. The gray matter is so named because it in fact appears gray. In the mysterious affair at styles (1920), agatha christie first quoted the fictional belgian detective hercule poirot …

matter, white
The part of the brain that contains myelinated nerve fibres. The white matter is white because it is the colour of myelin, the insulation covering the nerve fibres. The white matter is as opposed to the gray matter (the cortex of the brain which contains nerve cell bodies). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mattress
Origin: OF. Materas, F. Matelas, LL. Matratium; cf. Sp. & Pg. Almadraque, Pr. Almatrac; all from Ar. Ma<tsdot/rah a place where anything is thrown, what is thrown under something, fr. ... <tsdot/araha to throw. ... 1. A quilted bed; a bed stuffed with hair, moss, or other suitable material, and quilted or otherwise fastened. ... Alternative …

mattress suture
A suture utilizing a double stitch that forms a loop about the tissue on both sides of a wound, producing eversion of the edges when tied. ... Synonym: quilted suture. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maturation
1. Achievement of full development or growth. ... 2. Developmental changes that lead to maturity. ... 3. Processing of a macromolecule; e.g., posttranscriptional modification of RNA or posttranslational modification of proteins. ... Origin: L. Maturatio, a ripening, fr. Maturus, ripe ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maturation arrest
Cessation of complete differentiation of cells at an immature stage; in spermatogenic maturation arrest, the seminiferous tubules contain spermatocytes, but no spermatozoa develop. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maturation factor
Synonym for vitamin B12 ... <biochemistry> Member of the water soluble B vitamin group, important in the proper function of the nervous system and important in proper carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

maturation index
An index indicating the degree of maturation attained by the vaginal epithelium as adjudged by the cell types being exfoliated; serves as an objective means of evaluating hormonal secretion or response; represents the percentage of parabasal cells/intermediate cells/superficials, in that order; 'shift to the left' indicates more immature cells on t …

maturation value
An indicator of the level of maturation attained by vaginal epithelium and used as a factor in cytohormonal evaluation from the maturation index by valuing the parabasal cells at 0.0, the intermediate cells at 0.5, and the superficial cells at 1.0; for special investigations, subtypes of a major cell can be given different values's. ... (05 Mar 2000 …

maturation-promoting factor
<enzyme> A protein kinase that drives both the mitotic and meiotic cycles in all eukaryotic organisms. ... In meiosis it induces immature oocytes to undergo meiotic maturation. In mitosis it has a role in the G2/M phase transition. Once activated by cyclins, maturation-promoting factor directly phosphorylates some of the proteins involved in n …

mature
1. Brought by natural process to completeness of growth and development; fitted by growth and development for any function, action, or state, appropriate to its kind; full-grown; ripe. 'Now is love mature in ear.' (Tennison) 'How shall I meet, or how accost, the sage, Unskilled in speech, nor yet mature of age ?' (Pope) ... 2. Completely worked out; …

mature bacteriophage
The complete, infective form of bacteriophage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mature cataract
A cataract in which both the nucleus and cortex are opaque. ... Synonym: complete cataract, ripe cataract. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mature cell leukaemia
Chronic granulocytic leukaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mature neutrophil
Synonym for segmented neutrophil ... A fully matured neutrophil that has at least 2 (and as many as 5) distinct lobes in the nucleus and manifests active ameboid motion. ... Synonym: mature neutrophil. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mature ovarian follicle
A follicle ready for ovulation; in the human ovary its antrum attains a diameter of 6 to 8 mm and presents a surface bulge; a first maturation (meiotic) division of the ovum usually occurs just prior to the rupture of the follicle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maturity
A state of full development or completed growth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maturity onset diabetes of youth
A relatively mild, non-insulin requiring form of diabetes mellitus beginning at a younger age than usual. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maturity-onset diabetes
Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

matutinal epilepsy
A form of epilepsy which occurs on awakening. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mauchart, Burkhard
<person> German anatomist. ... Lived: 1696-1751. ... See: Mauchart's ligaments. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mauchart's ligaments
Synonym for alar ligaments ... One of a pair of short stout bands that extends from the side of the dens of the axis to the tubercle on the medial aspect of the occipital condyle. ... Synonym: check ligaments of odontoid. ... Synonym: alar folds. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Maurer, Georg
<person> German physician in Sumatra, *1909. ... See: Maurer's clefts, Maurer's dots. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Maurer's clefts
Synonym for Maurer's dots ... Finely granular precipitates or irregular cytoplasmic particles that usually occur diffusely in red blood cells infected with the trophozoites of Plasmodium falciparum, occasionally those of P. Malariae; rarely observed in P. Falciparum blood smears because its trophozoites seldom are seen in peripheral blood. ... Synony …

Maurer's dots
Finely granular precipitates or irregular cytoplasmic particles that usually occur diffusely in red blood cells infected with the trophozoites of Plasmodium falciparum, occasionally those of P. Malariae; rarely observed in P. Falciparum blood smears because its trophozoites seldom are seen in peripheral blood. ... Synonym: Maurer's clefts. ... (05 Ma …

Mauriac, Pierre
<person> French physician, *1882. ... See: Mauriac's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mauriac's syndrome
<syndrome> Dwarfism with obesity and hepatosplenomegaly in children with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mauriceau-Levret manoeuvre
Synonym for Mauriceau's manoeuvre ... <obstetrics> A method of assisted breech delivery in which the infant's body is astraddle the right forearm, and the middle finger of the right hand is in the foetal mouth to maintain flexion while traction is made upon the shoulders by the other hand. ... Synonym: Mauriceau-Levret manoeuvre. ... (05 Mar 200 …

Mauriceau, Francois
<person> French obstetrician. ... Lived: 1637-1709. ... See: Mauriceau's manoeuvre, Mauriceau-Levret manoeuvre. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mauriceau's manoeuvre
<obstetrics> A method of assisted breech delivery in which the infant's body is astraddle the right forearm, and the middle finger of the right hand is in the foetal mouth to maintain flexion while traction is made upon the shoulders by the other hand. ... Synonym: Mauriceau-Levret manoeuvre. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mauritania
<geography> A republic in western africa, southwest of algeria and west of mali. Its capital is nouakchott. Its coast was opened by the portuguese in the 15th century. ... Although recognised as in the french sphere from 1817, it did not become a french colony until 1921. It gained independence in 1960. Mauritania takes its name from the moors …

mauritius
One of the indian ocean islands, east of madagascar. Its capital is port louis. It was discovered by the portugese in 1505, occupied by the dutch 1598-1710, held by the french 1715-1810 when the british captured it, formally ceded to the british in 1814, and became independent in 1968. It was named by the dutch in honor of maurice of nassau, prince …

Mauthner neuron
<biology, marine biology> Large neuron in the mesencephalon of fishes and amphibians. A rare example of an individually identifiable neuron in a vertebrate nervous system. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Mauthner, Ludwig
<person> Austrian ophthalmologist, 1840-1894. ... See: Mauthner's cell, Mauthner's sheath, Mauthner's test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Mauthner's sheath
Synonym for axolemma ... <cell biology> Plasma membrane of an axon. ... (12 Mar 1998) ...

Mauthner's test
An obsolete test for colour perception similar to Holmgren's, but made with vials filled with pigments instead of with skeins of wool. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mauve
A colour of a delicate purple, violet, or lilac. ... <chemistry> Mauve aniline, a dyestuff produced artificially by the oxidation of commercial aniline, and the first discovered of the so-called coal-tar, or aniline, dyes. It consists of the sulphate of mauveine, and is a dark brown or bronze amorphous powder, which dissolves to a beatiful pur …

maw
<zoology> A gull. ... See: Mew a gull. ... 1. A stomach; the receptacle into which food is taken by swallowing; in birds, the craw; now used only of the lower animals, exept humorously or in contempt. 'Bellies and maws of living creatures.' (Bacon) ... 2. Appetite; inclination. 'Unless you had more maw to do me good.' (Beau. & Fl) Fish maw.< …

Max
Transcription factor: forms homodimers which then interact with CACGTG motif of DNA repressively, but will form heterodimers with Myc that bind the same motif with greater affinity and activate the downstream gene. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Maxam Gilbert method
A method of DNA sequencing, based on the controlled degradation of a DNA fragment in a set of independent, nucleotide specific reactions. The resulting fragments have characteristic sizes depending on the sequence of the template, that can be resolved on a sequencing gel. Although no longer the main protocol, Maxam Gilbert sequencing still has adva …

maxam-gilbert sequencing
A lab technique used to find out the sequence of nucleotide bases in a nucleic acid (a DNA or RNA molecule). The technique involves putting copies of the nucleic acid into separate test tubes, each of which contains a chemical that will cleave the molecule at a different base (either adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine or uracil (the last depend …

maxicells
An E. Coli cell that contains plasmids and a small amount of chromosomal DNA, used for the study of plasmid-encoded products. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

maxilla
The upper jaw bone, takes part in the formation of the orbit, hard palate and nasal cavity. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

maxillary
<anatomy> Pertaining to the maxilla. The irregularly shaped bone that with its fellow forms the upper jaw. ... Origin: L. Maxillaris ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

maxillary angle
The angle formed by a line drawn from the ophryon and another from the point of the mandible and meeting at the contact between the upper and lower incisor teeth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillary antrum
Synonym for maxillary sinus ... A air filled cavity within the maxilla (bone that forms the face and upper jaw). The maxillary sinus is located just below the bony prominence of the cheek ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

maxillary artery
<anatomy, artery> A branch of the external carotid artery which distributes to the deep structures of the face (internal maxillary) and to the side of the face and nose (external maxillary). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

maxillary dentition
Synonym for superior dental arch ... The teeth supported by the alveolar process of the two maxillae, whether the 10 deciduous teeth or the 16 permanent teeth. ... Synonym: arcus dentalis superior, maxillary dentition. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillary eminence
Synonym for maxillary tuberosity ... The bulging lower extremity of the posterior surface of the body of the maxilla, behind the root of the last molar tooth. ... Synonym: tuber maxillae, eminentia maxillae, maxillary eminence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillary fractures
Fractures of the upper jaw. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

maxillary gland
Synonym for submandibular gland ... The second largest of the three major salivary glands. It is located deep to the mandible (jaw bone). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

maxillary hiatus
The large opening into the maxillary sinus on the nasal surface of the maxilla. ... Synonym: hiatus maxillaris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillary neoplasms
Cancer or tumours of the maxilla or upper jaw. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

maxillary nerve
<anatomy, nerve> The intermediate sensory division of the trigeminal (5th cranial) nerve. The maxillary nerve carries general afferents from the intermediate region of the face including the lower eyelid, nose and upper lip, the maxillary teeth, and parts of the dura. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

maxillary plexus
Synonym for periarterial plexus of maxillary artery ... <anatomy, artery> An autonomic plexus on the maxillary artery derived from the external carotid plexus. ... Synonym: internal maxillary plexus, maxillary plexus, plexus maxillaris internus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillary process
A thin plate of irregular form projecting from the middle of the upper border of the inferior concha, articulating with the maxilla bone and partly closing the orifice of the maxillary sinus. ... Synonym: processus maxillaris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillary process of embryo
The part of the first pharyngeal arch that lies cranial to the stomodeum and then develops into the upper jaw. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillary sinus
A air filled cavity within the maxilla (bone that forms the face and upper jaw). The maxillary sinus is located just below the bony prominence of the cheek ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

maxillary sinus neoplasms
Neoplasms or tumours of the maxillary sinus. The majority of paranasal sinus neoplasms arise here. They develop silently when confined to the sinus and produce symptoms on extension through the walls. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

maxillary sinus radiograph
A radiographic frontal view of the maxillary sinuses, orbits, nasal structures and zygomas; permits direct comparison of the sides. ... Synonym: Waters' view radiograph. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillary sinusitis
Inflammation of the maxillary sinus. In most cases it is the result of infection by the bacteria haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, and staphylococcus aureus. This condition may be acute or chronic. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

maxillary surface of palatine bone
The lateral surface of the perpendicular plate of the palatine bone. ... Synonym: facies maxillaris ossis palatini. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillary tuberosity
The bulging lower extremity of the posterior surface of the body of the maxilla, behind the root of the last molar tooth. ... Synonym: tuber maxillae, eminentia maxillae, maxillary eminence. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillary vein
<anatomy, vein> The posterior continuation of the pterygoid plexus; it joins the superficial temporal vein to form the retromandibular vein. ... Synonym: vena maxillaris. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillectomy
<procedure> Resection of the maxilla. ... Origin: maxilla + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillitis
Inflammation of the maxilla. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillodental
Relating to the upper jaw and its associated teeth. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillofacial
Pertaining to the jaws and face, particularly with reference to specialised surgery of this region. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillofacial abnormalities
Congenital structural deformities, malformations, or other abnormalities of the maxilla and face or facial bones. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

maxillofacial development
The process of growth and differentiation of the jaws and face. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

maxillofacial injuries
General or unspecified injuries involving the face and jaw (either upper, lower, or both). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

maxillofacial prosthesis
A prosthetic appliance for the replacement of areas of the maxilla, mandible, and face, missing as a result of deformity, disease, injury, or surgery. When the prosthesis replaces portions of the mandible only, it is referred to as mandibular prosthesis. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

maxillofacial prosthetics
That branch of dentistry which provides prostheses or devices to treat or restore tissues of the stomatognathic system and associated facial structures that have been affected by disease, injury, surgery, or congenital defect, to provide all possible function and esthetics. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillojugal
Relating to the maxilla and the zygomatic bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillomandibular
<anatomy> Pertaining to the maxilla and mandible (the upper and lower jaws). For example the maxillomandibular nerve. ... (21 Jun 2000) ...

maxillomandibular fixation
Synonym for intermaxillary fixation ... Fixation of fractures of the mandible or maxilla by applying elastic bands or stainless steel wire between the maxillary and mandibular arch bars or other types of splint. ... Synonym: mandibulomaxillary fixation, maxillomandibular fixation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillomandibular record
A record of the relation of the mandible to the maxillae, the act of recording the relation of the mandible to the maxillae. ... Synonym: biscuit bite, maxillomandibular registration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillomandibular registration
Synonym for maxillomandibular record ... A record of the relation of the mandible to the maxillae, the act of recording the relation of the mandible to the maxillae. ... Synonym: biscuit bite, maxillomandibular registration. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillomandibular relation
Any one of the many relation's of the mandible to the maxillae, e.g., centric jaw relation, eccentric relation. ... Synonym: intermaxillary relation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillomandibular traction
<dentistry> A pulling force developed by using elastic or wire ligatures and interdental wiring or splints, or both. ... Synonym: intermaxillary traction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maxillopalatine
<anatomy> Relating to the maxilla and the palatine bone or to the maxillary and palatine regions of the skull; as, the maxillo-palatine process of the maxilla. ... (21 Jun 2000) ...

maxillotomy
<procedure, surgery> Surgical sectioning of the maxilla to allow movement of all or a part of the maxilla into the desired portion. ... Origin: maxilla + G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Maxim-Gilbert sequencing
<molecular biology> A method of sequencing DNA using dimethyl sulfate and hydrazinolysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maximal
The greatest possible, allowable or appreciable, the reverse of minimal. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

maximal dose
<pharmacology> The largest amount of a drug or physical procedure that an adult can take with safety. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maximal expiratory flow rate
<chest medicine, physiology> Measurement of rate of airflow during the first liter expired after the first 200 ml have been exhausted during a forced vital capacity determination. Common abbreviations are MEFR, FEF 202-1200, and fef 0.2-1.2. ... Acronym: MEFR ... (21 Jun 2000) ...

maximal Histalog test
Synonym for Histalog test ... A test for measurement of maximal production of gastric acidity or anacidity; it is similar to the histamine test, but uses Histalog (betazole hydrochloride), an analogue of histamine. ... Synonym: maximal Histalog test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maximal midexpiratory flow rate
Measurement of rate of airflow over the middle half of a forced vital capacity determination (from the 25 percent level to the 75 percent level). Common abbreviations are mmfr and fef 25%-75%. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

maximal stimulus
A stimulus strong enough to evoke a maximal response. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maximal voluntary ventilation
Measure of the maximum amount of air that can be breathed in and blown out over a sustained interval such as 15 or 20 seconds. Common abbreviations are mvv and mbc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Maximow, Alexander
<person> Russian physician in U.S., 1874-1928. ... See: Maximow's stain for bone marrow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...