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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz operation
An operation for urinary stress incontinence, performed retropubically. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Marshall, Don
<person> U.S. Ophthalmologist, *1905. ... See: Marshall syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Marshall, Eli
<person> U.S. Pharmacologist, 1889-1966. ... See: Marshall's method. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Marshall, John
<person> English anatomist, 1818-1891. ... See: Marshall's vestigial fold, Marshall's oblique vein. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Marshall, Victor
<person> U.S. Urologist, *1913. ... See: Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz operation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Marshall's method
A quantitative procedure for estimating free and conjugated sulfanilamide in body fluids. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Marshall's oblique vein
Synonym for oblique vein of left atrium ... A small vein on the posterior wall of the left atrium which merges with the great cardiac vein to form the coronary sinus; it is developed from the left common cardinal vein, and occasionally persists as a left superior vena cava. ... Synonym: vena obliqua atrii sinistri, Marshall's oblique vein. ... (05 Mar …

Marshall's vestigial fold
Synonym for fold of left vena cava ... A pericardial fold lying between the left oblique vein of the atrium and the left superior pulmonary vein containing the obliterated remains of the left superior vena cava. ... Synonym: plica venae cavae sinistrae, Marshall's vestigial fold, vestigial fold. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Marshallagia marshalli
One of the medium stomach worms of the nematode family Trichostrongylidae, found in the abomasum of sheep, goats, camels, and various wild ruminants. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

marsipobranchia
<zoology> A class of Vertebrata, lower than fishes, characterised by their purselike gill cavities, cartilaginous skeletons, absence of limbs, and a suckerlike mouth destitute of jaws. It includes the lampreys and hagfishes. See Cyclostoma, and Lamprey. ... Synonym: Marsipobranchiata, and Marsipobranchii. ... Origin: NL, fr. Gr. A pouch + a gil …

marsupial notch
Synonym for posterior cerebellar notch ... A narrow notch between the cerebellar hemispheres posteriorly, occupied by the falx cerebelli. ... Synonym: incisura cerebelli posterior, marsupial notch, posterior notch of cerebellum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

marsupialia
<zoology> A subclass of Mammalia, including nearly all the mammals of Australia and the adjacent islands, together with the opossums of America. They differ from ordinary mammals in having the corpus callosum very small, in being implacental, and in having their young born while very immature. The female generally carries the young for some t …

marsupialisation
<procedure> A surgical technique that is used to remove a cyst. ... (05 Jan 1998) ...

marsupialization
Exteriorization of a cyst or other such enclosed cavity by resecting the anterior wall and suturing the cut edges of the remaining wall to adjacent edges of the skin, thereby creating a pouch. ... Origin: L. Marsupium, pouch ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Martegiani
J., 19th century Italian anatomist. ... See: Martegiani's area, Martegiani's funnel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Martegiani's area
Synonym for Martegiani's funnel ... The funnel-shaped dilation on the optic disk that indicates the beginning of the hyaloid canal. ... Synonym: Martegiani's area. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Martegiani's funnel
The funnel-shaped dilation on the optic disk that indicates the beginning of the hyaloid canal. ... Synonym: Martegiani's area. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

marten
<zoology> A bird. See Martin. ... 1. <zoology> Any one of several fur-bearing carnivores of the genus Mustela, closely allied to the sable. Among the more important species are the European beech, or stone, marten (Mustela foina); the pine marten (M. Martes); and the American marten, or sable (M. Americana), which some zoologists conside …

martial
1. Of, pertaining to, or suited for, war; military; as, martial music; a martial appearance. 'Martial equipage.' ... 2. Practiced in, or inclined to, war; warlike; brave. 'But peaceful kings, o'er martial people set, Each other's poise and counterbalance are.' (Dryden) ... 3. Belonging to war, or to an army and navy; opposed to civil; as, martial law …

martial arts
Activities in which participants learn self-defense mainly through the use of hand-to-hand combat. Judo involves throwing an opponent to the ground while karate (which includes kung fu and tae kwon do) involves kicking and punching an opponent. T'ai chi is also a form of meditative exercise through methodically slow circular stretching movements an …

martin
<zoology> One of several species of swallows, usually having the tail less deeply forked than the tail of the common swallows. ... Alternative forms: marten. ... The American purple martin, or bee martin (Progne subis, or purpurea), and the European house, or window, martin (Hirundo, or Chelidon, urbica), are the best known species. Bank martin …

Martin-Gruber anastomosis
A nerve anomaly in the forearm, consisting of a median to ulnar nerve communication; Also referred to a median-to-ulnar crossover. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Martin, August
<person> German gynecologist, 1847-1933. ... See: Martin's tube, Martin-Gruber anastomosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Martin, Henry
<person> U.S. Surgeon, 1824-1884. ... See: Martin's bandage, Martin's disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Martin, J
<person> ... See: Thayer-Martin medium. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Martin's bandage
A roller bandage of soft rubber used to make compression on a limb in the treatment of varicose veins or ulcers. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Martin's disease
A periosteoarthritis of the foot from excessive walking. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Martin's tube
A drainage tube with a cross piece near the extremity to keep it from slipping out of a cavity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

martinique
An island in the lesser antilles, one of the windward islands. Its capital is fort-de-france. It was discovered by columbus in 1502 and from its settlement in 1635 by the french it passed into and out of dutch and british hands. It was made a french overseas department in 1946. One account of the name tells of native women on the shore calling 'mad …

Martinotti, Giovanni
<person> Italian physician, 1857-1928. ... See: Martinotti's cell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Martinotti's cell
A small multipolar nerve cell with short branching dendrites scattered through various layers of the cerebral cortex; its axon ascends toward the surface of the cortex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

martius yellow
C10H6N2O5; 2,4-dinitro-alpha-naphthol;an acid dye used as a plasma stain in plant and animal histology, and as a light filter for photomicrography. ... Origin: Karl A. Martius, Ger. Chemist, *1920 ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Martorell, Fernando Otzet
<person> Spanish cardiologist, *1906. ... See: Martorell's syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Martorell's syndrome
Synonym for aortic arch syndrome ... <syndrome> Aortic arch syndrome, also referred to by many as vertebral-basilar artery disease, carotid artery occlusive syndrome and subclavian steal syndrome is characterised by a constellation of signs and symptoms which occur secondary to abnormalities in the major arteries which extend off of the aortic …

martyr
1. To put to death for adhering to some belief, especially. Christianity; to sacrifice on account of faith or profession. ... 2. To persecute; to torment; to torture. 'The lovely Amoret, whose gentle heart Thou martyrest with sorrow and with smart.' (Spenser) 'Racked with sciatics, martyred with the stone.' (Pope) ... Origin: Martyred; Martyring. ... …

mas
<oncogene> Oncogene from brain that encodes a receptor coupled to a G-protein and to PIP2 turnover. Ligand was originally thought to be angiotensin II, but this is now less certain. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

masa syndrome
<syndrome> MASA stands for mental retardation, aphasia, shuffling gait, and adducted thumbs. ... Features of the syndrome include (1) neurologically: mental retardation and aphasia (lack of speech); (2) limbs: adducted (clasped) thumbs, absent extensor pollicis longus and/or brevis muscles to the thumb, shuffling gait, and leg spasticity; (3) …

maschaladenitis
An obsolete term for inflammation of the axillary glands. ... Origin: G. Maschale, axilla, + aden, gland, + -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maschale
Synonym: axilla. ... Origin: G. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maschalephidrosis
Sweating in the axillae. ... Origin: G. Maschale, axilla, + ephidrosis, perspiration ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maschaloncus
An obsolete term for a neoplasm in the axilla. ... Origin: G. Maschale, axilla, + onkos, mass ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

maschalyperidrosis
Excessive sweating in the axillae. ... Origin: G. Maschale, axilla, + hyper, over, + hidros, sweat ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masculine
1. Of the male sex; not female. 'Thy masculine children, that is to say, thy sons.' (Chaucer) ... 2. Having the qualities of a man; suitable to, or characteristic of, a man; virile; not feminine or effeminate; strong; robust. 'That lady, after her husband's death, held the reins with a masculine energy.' (Hallam) ... 3. Belonging to males; appropriat …

masculine pelvis
A pelvis justo minor in which the bones are large and heavy, a slight degree of funnel-shaped pelvis in the woman, in which the shape approximates that of the male pelvis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masculine protest
Adler's term to describe the movement of individuals from passive to active roles in a desire to escape from the feminine role. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masculine uterus
Synonym for prostatic utricle ... A minute pouch in the prostate opening on the summit of the seminal colliculus, the analogue of the uterus and vagina in the female, being the remains of the fused caudal ends of the paramesonephric ducts. ... Synonym: utriculus prostaticus, masculine uterus, Morgagni's sinus, sinus pocularis, uterus masculinus, vagi …

masculinise
To confer the qualities or characteristics peculiar to the male. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masculinity
The qualities and characteristics of a male. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masculinity-femininity scale
Any scale on a psychological test that assesses the relative masculinity or femininity of an individual; scale's vary and may focus, for example, on basic identification with either sex or preference for a particular sex role. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masculinization
The condition marked by the attainment of male characteristics, such as facial hair, either physiologically as part of male maturation, or pathologically by individuals of either sex. ... Origin: L. Masculus, male ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masculinovoblastoma
<tumour> Obsolete term for an ovarian neoplasm that causes varying degrees of masculinization, e.g., distribution of hair, change in voice, hypertrophy of the clitoris; masculinovoblastoma consists of cords or anastomosing columns of cells with vesicular nuclei and indistinct cytoplasm, and is usually well vascularised; masculinovoblastoma's …

masculinus
Synonym: masculine, masculine. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mash
1. A mass of mixed ingredients reduced to a soft pulpy state by beating or pressure; a mass of anything in a soft pulpy state. Specifically, ground or bruised malt, or meal of rye, wheat, corn, or other grain (or a mixture of malt and meal) steeped and stirred in hot water for making the wort. ... 2. A mixture of meal or bran and water fed to animal …

Masini
Giulio, Italian physician, 1874-1937. ... See: Masini's sign. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Masini's sign
<clinical sign> A marked degree of dorsal extension of the fingers on the metacarpals and of the toes on the metatarsals, noted in children with mental instability. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mask
1. A cover, or partial cover, for the face, used for disguise or protection; as, a dancer's mask; a fencer's mask; a ball player's mask. ... 2. That which disguises; a pretext or subterfuge. ... 3. A festive entertainment of dancing or other diversions, where all wear masks; a masquerade; hence, a revel; a frolic; a delusive show. 'This thought might …

masked
1. Wearing a mask or masks; characterised by masks; cincealed; hidden. ... 2. <botany> Same as Personate. ... 3. <ornithology> Having the anterior part of the head differing decidedly in colour from the rest of the plumage; said of birds. Masked ball, a ball in which the dancers wear masks. Masked battery, a battery so placed as not to be …

masked epilepsy
A form of epilepsy characterised by a paroxysmal disturbance, such as headache or vomiting, associated with an epileptic electroencephalographic pattern. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masked gout
latent gout ...

masked hyperthyroidism
Hyperthyroidism occurring without the usual manifestations, especially lack of hyperactivity and eye findings, often with hypoactivity, even somnolence. Manifestation can be limited to heart failure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masked messenger RNA
<molecular biology> Long lived and stable mRNA found originally in the oocytes of echinoderms and constituting a store of maternal information for protein synthesis that is unmasked (derepressed) during the early stages of morphogenesis. ... In these early stages the rate of cell division is so rapid that transcription from the embryonic genom …

masked virus
A virus ordinarily occurring in the host in a noninfective state, but which may be activated and demonstrated by special procedures such as blind passage in experimental animals. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masking
1. The use of noise of any kind to interfere with the audibility of another sound. For any given intensity, low pitched tones have a greater masking effect than those of a high pitch. ... 2. In audiology, the use of a noise applied to one ear while testing the hearing acuity of the other ear. ... 3. The hiding of smaller rhythms in the brain wave rec …

masklike face
Synonym for Parkinson's facies ... The expressionless or masklike facies characteristic of parkinsonism. ... Synonym: masklike face. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masks
Protective coverings for the face, particularly the mouth and nose, to maintain antiseptic conditions, to protect the wearer from contamination and to prevent droplets from the wearer's nose and mouth from spreading in the air. It includes surgical masks worn in the operating room and dentists' offices. It refers also to devices designed to cover t …

Maslow
Abraham H., U. S. Psychologist, 1908-1970. ... See: Maslow's hierarchy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Maslow's hierarchy
A ranking of needs which man presumably fills successively in the order of lowest to highest: physiological needs, love and belonging, self-esteem, and self-actualization. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masochism
Pleasure from one's own pain. Named after the 19th-century austrian writer leopold von sacher-masoch (masoch-ism). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

masochist
The passive party in the practice of masochism. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masochistic personality
A personality disorder in which the individual accepts exploitation and sacrifices self-interest while at the same time feeling morally superior or feigning moral superiority, attempting to elicit sympathy, and inducing guilt in others. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mason
1. One whose occupation is to build with stone or brick; also, one who prepares stone for building purposes. ... 2. A member of the fraternity of Freemasons. See Freemason. ... <zoology> Mason bee, any wasp that constructs its nest, or brood cells, of hardened mud. The female fills the cells with insects or spiders, paralysed by a sting, and th …

Mason operation
Synonym for gastric bypass ... Surgical procedure in which the stomach is transected high on the body. The resulting proximal remnant is joined to a loop of the jejunum in an end-to-side anastomosis. This procedure is used frequently in the treatment of morbid obesity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mason-pfiser monkey virus
The type species of type d retroviruses (retroviruses, type d) isolated from mammary carcinoma and normal tissues in rhesus monkeys. It appears to have evolved from a recombination between a murine b oncovirus and a primate c oncovirus related to the baboon endogenous virus. Mpmv induces simian aids (saids). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Mason-Pfiser virus
A D-type retrovirus in the subfamily Oncornaviridae that was isolated from a mammary carcinoma of a rhesus monkey. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mason's lung
Silicosis occurring in stone masons. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

MASP-2 protease
<enzyme> Masp = mannan-binding lectin (mbl)-associated serine proteinase. ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

masque biliaire
An obsolete term for periocular hyperpigmentation in middle-aged women, unrelated to any systemic disease. ... Origin: Fr. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mass
<chemistry> The quantity of matter in an object. ... (09 Jan 1998) ...

mass action theory
That large areas of brain tissue function as a whole in learned or intelligent action. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mass action transmission
<epidemiology> Transmission of infection which occurs at a rate directly proportional to the number or density of both susceptibles and infecteds present. ... Some authors reserve the name mass action for transmission processes of the form b X Y/N , which we associate with STD-type transmission, and describe transmission rates of the form b X …

mass at base of tongue
<radiology> Lingual thyroid, thyroglossal duct cyst, haemangioma, other neoplasm ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mass attenuation coefficient
<physics> The mass attenuation coefficient, u/p, of a material for uncharged ionising particles is the quotient of DN/N by pdl, where DN/N is the fraction of particles that experience interactions in traversing a distance dl in a material of density p. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

mass behaviour
Collective behaviour of an aggregate of individuals giving the appearance of unity of attitude, feeling, and motivation. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mass burn facility
A facility in which the pretreatment of MSW includes only inspection and simple separation to remove oversize, hazardous, or explosive materials. Large mass burn facilities have capacities of 3000 tons of MSW per day or more. Modular plants with capacities as low as 25 tons per day have been built. Mass burn technologies represent over 75% of all t …

mass chest X-ray
X-ray screening of large groups of persons for diseases of the lung and heart by means of radiography of the chest. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mass defect
<chemistry, radiobiology> Of a nucleus, the difference between the sum of the masses of the constituent nucleons and the mass of the nucleus. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

mass effect
<neurology> Damage to the brain due the bulk of a tumour, the blockage of fluid or excess accumulation of fluid within the skull. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

mass energy absorption coefficient
<physics> The mass energy absorption coefficient, uen/p of a material for uncharged ionising particles is the product of the mass energy transfer coefficient, utr/p and (1 - g) where g is the fraction of the energy of secondary charged particles that is lost to bremsstrahlung in the material. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

mass fragmentography
A microanalytical technique combining mass spectrometry and gas chromatography for the qualitative as well as quantitative determinations of compounds. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mass hysteria
Spontaneous, en masse development of identical physical and/or emotional symptoms among a group of individuals, as seen in a classroom of schoolchildren, a socially contagious frenzy of irrational behaviour in a group of people as a reaction to an event. ... Synonym: epidemic hysteria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mass infection
Infection resulting from the entrance of a large number of pathogens into the circulation or tissues. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mass law
Synonym for law of mass action ... <chemistry> This law states that the rate of a given chemical reaction is proportional to concentration of the reactants. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

mass media
Instruments or technological means of communication that reach large numbers of people with a common message: press, radio, television, etc. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mass movement
Synonym for mass peristalsis ... Forcible peristaltic movements of short duration, occurring only three or four times a day, which move the contents of the large intestine from one division to the next, as from the ascending to the transverse colon. ... Synonym: mass movement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mass number
The mass of the atom of a particular isotope relative to hydrogen-1 (or to 1/12 the mass of carbon-12), generally very close to the whole number represented by the sum of the protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus of the isotope (indicated in the name or symbol of the isotope; e.g., oxygen-16, 16O); not to be confused with the atomic weight of …

mass peristalsis
Forcible peristaltic movements of short duration, occurring only three or four times a day, which move the contents of the large intestine from one division to the next, as from the ascending to the transverse colon. ... Synonym: mass movement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mass reflex
In cases of gross injury to the spinal cord, as the stage of reflex activity follows the primary flaccidity of the shock, a condition arises in which a strong stimulus to any part of one of the paralysed limbs will be followed by contraction of the hip, knee, and ankle of the same side and often, when the stimulus is applied to the middle line of t …

mass screening
Organised periodic procedures performed on large groups of people for the purpose of detecting disease. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mass spectrograph
An instrument that subjects charged and accelerated ions (atomic or molecular) to a magnetic field that imparts a curved path that differs for each mass-to-charge ratio, thus separating individual species; used in detecting and assaying isotopic ratios and in molecular structure determinations. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mass stopping power
<physics> The mass stopping power (S/r) of a material for charged particles is the quotient dEs by the product of dl and r, where dEs is the average energy lost by a charged particle of specified energy in traversing a path length dl and r is the density of the medium. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...