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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

MASS syndrome
<syndrome> A syndrome closely resembling both the Marfan's syndrome and the Barlow syndrome. However, no dislocation of the lenses or aneurysmal changes occur in the aorta, and the mitral valve prolapse is by no means invariable. at present it has been assigned no separate OMIM number, but shares that of the Barlow syndrome. ... Origin: mitral …

mass-action ratio
The ratio of the product of all of the product concentrations divided by the product of all of the reactant concentrations of a particular reaction; when the reaction has been completed (i.e., t = &infin;), then this ratio is equal to the equilibrium constant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

massa
Synonym: mass. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

massa intermedia
Synonym for interthalamic adhesion ... The variable connection between the two thalamic masses across the third ventricle; absent in about 20% of human brains. ... Synonym: adhesio interthalamica, commissura cinerea, commissura grisea, intermediate mass, massa intermedia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

massa lateralis atlantis
Synonym for lateral mass of atlas ... The thick lateral part of the atlas on each side that articulates above with the occipital condyle and below with the axis. ... Synonym: massa lateralis atlantis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

massacre
1. The killing of a considerable number of human beings under circumstances of atrocity or cruelty, or contrary to the usages of civilized people; as, the massacre on St. Bartholomew's Day. ... 2. Murder. ... Synonym: Massacre, Butchery, Carnage. ... Massacre denotes the promiscuous slaughter of many who can not make resistance, or much resistance. Bu …

massage
The systematic therapeutic friction, stroking and kneading of the body. ... Origin: Fr., Gr. Massein = to knead ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

Masselon, M Julian
<person> French physician, 1844-1917. ... See: Masselon's spectacles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Masselon's spectacles
Synonym for lid crutch spectacles ... Spectacles with little offsets of metal with smooth edges which engage above the upper eyelid and keep it raised above the pupil in cases of paralytic blepharoptosis. ... Synonym: Masselon's spectacles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masseter
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, superficial part: inferior border of the anterior two-thirds of the zygomatic arch; deep part: inferior border and medial surface of the zygomatic arch; insertion, lateral surface of ramus and coronoid process of the mandible; action, elevates mandible (closes jaw); nerve supply, masseteric branch of mandibular divis …

masseter muscle
<anatomy> A masticatory muscle whose action is closing the jaws. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

masseter reflex
Synonym for jaw reflex ... A spasmodic contraction of the temporal muscles following a downward tap on the loosely hanging mandible. ... Synonym: chin jerk, chin reflex, jaw jerk, mandibular reflex, masseter reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masseteric artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, maxillary; distribution, deep surface of masseter muscle; anastomoses, branches of transverse facial and masseteric branches of facial. ... Synonym: arteria masseterica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masseteric fascia
The fascia that covers the lateral surface of the masseter muscle. ... Synonym: fascia masseterica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masseteric nerve
<anatomy, nerve> A muscular branch of the mandibular nerve passing through the mandibular notch to the medial surface of the masseter muscle which it supplies and the temporomandibular joint. ... Synonym: nervus massetericus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masseteric tuberosity
A roughened surface on the external aspect of the angle of the mandible, giving attachment to fibres of the masseter muscle. ... Synonym: tuberositas masseterica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masseteric veins
Plexiform vein's accompanying the masseteric artery that empty into the pterygoid venous plexus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masseur
1. A man who massages. ... 2. An instrument used in mechanical massage. ... Origin: Fr. See massage ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

massicot
<chemistry> Lead protoxide, PbO, obtained as a yellow amorphous powder, the fused and crystalline form of which is called litharge; lead ocher. It is used as a pigment. ... Massicot is sometimes used by painters, and also as a drier in the composition of ointments and plasters. ... Origin: F. Massicot; E. Masticot is a corruption. ... Source: We …

massive
Having a solid bulky form, heavy, in a mass, complete. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

massive bowel resection syndrome
<syndrome> Malabsorption following extensive resection of the bowel, particularly the small intestine, characterised by diarrhoea, steatorrhoea, hypoproteinaemia, and malnutrition. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

massive collapse
Relatively sudden atelectasis of an entire lung or of a lobe. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

massive splenomegaly
<radiology> Malaria, CML, myelofibrosis and myeloid metaplasia, Kala azar, schistosomiasis, storage diseases: Gaucher, Niemann-Pick, thalassaemia major (Cooley's anaemia), some spleen cysts ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Masson
C.L. Pierre, Canadian pathologist, 1880-1959. ... See: Masson's pseudoangiosarcoma, Masson-Fontana ammoniacal silver stain. See entries under stain. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Masson's argentaffin stain
<technique> A stain used to stain enterochromaffin granules brown-black. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Masson's pseudoangiosarcoma
Synonym for intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia ... A benign florid papillary endothelial proliferation within the veins of the skin or subcutis, less often in visceral blood vessels. ... Synonym: Masson's pseudoangiosarcoma. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Masson's trichrome stain
<technique> Original composition for multicolored tissue preparations included Ponceau de xylidine, acid fuchsin, iron alum haematoxylin, and either aniline blue or fast green FCF; chromatin stains black, cytoplasm is in shades of red, granules of eosinophils and mast cells are deep red, erythrocytes are black, elastic fibres are red, and col …

massotherapy
The therapeutic use of massage. ... Origin: G. Masso, to knead, + therapeia, treatment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mast cell
<cell biology, immunology> Resident cell of connective tissue that contains many granules rich in histamine and heparan sulphate. ... Release of histamine from mast cells is responsible for the immediate reddening of the skin in a weal and flare response. Very similar to basophils and possibly derived from the same stem cells. ... Two types of …

mast cell leukaemia
Synonym for basophilic leukaemia ... A form of granulocytic leukaemia in which there are unusually great numbers of basophilic granulocytes in the tissues and circulating blood; in some instances, the immature and mature basophilic forms may represent from 40 to 80% of the total numbers of white blood cells. ... Synonym: mast cell leukaemia. ... (05 M …

mast leukocyte
Synonym for basophilic leukocyte ... A polymorphonuclear leukocyte characterised by many large, coarse, metachromatic granules (dark purple or blue-black when treated with Wright's or similar stains) that usually fill the cytoplasm and may almost mask the nucleus; these leukocyte's are unique in that they usually do not occur in increased numbers as …

mastadenitis
Synonym for mastitis ... <pathology> Inflammation of the mammary gland or breast. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mastadenoma
<tumour> An adenoma of the breast. ... Origin: masto-+ G. Aden, gland, + -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastadenovirus
<virology> A genus of adenoviridae that infects mammals including humans and causes a wide range of diseases. The type species is human adenovirus 2 (see adenoviruses, human). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mastalgia
<symptom> General term for breast pain, affecting two thirds of women attending breast clinics. Usually indicates benign problem, often oversensitivity of breast tissue to reproductive hormones. ... Most women respond to treatment with gamolenic acid (derived from the evening primrose and starflower plants), which takes up to three months to h …

mastatrophy
Mastatrophia ... Atrophy or wasting of the breasts. ... Origin: masto-+ atrophy ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastauxe
Hypertrophy of the breast. ... Origin: masto-+ G. Auxe, increase ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastectomy
<procedure, surgery> An operation to remove the whole breast. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

mastectomy, extended radical
Radical mastectomy with removal of the ipsilateral half of the sternum and a portion of ribs two through five with the underlying pleura and the internal mammary lymph nodes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mastectomy, modified radical
Total mastectomy with axillary node dissection, but with preservation of the pectoral muscles. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mastectomy, radical
Removal of the breast, pectoral muscles, axillary lymph nodes, and associated skin and subcutaneous tissue. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mastectomy, segmental
Removal of only enough breast tissue to ensure that the margins of the resected surgical specimen are free of tumour. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mastectomy, simple
Removal of only the breast tissue and nipple and a small portion of the overlying skin. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mastectomy, subcutaneous
Excision of breast tissue with preservation of overlying skin, nipple, and areola so that breast form may be reconstructed. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

master
1. A male person having another living being so far subject to his will, that he can, in the main, control his or its actions; formerly used with much more extensive application than now. The employer of a servant. The owner of a slave. The person to whom an apprentice is articled. A sovereign, prince, or feudal noble; a chief, or one exercising si …

master cast
A replica of the prepared tooth surfaces, residual ridge areas, and/or other parts of the dental arch as reproduced from an impression. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

master eye
Synonym for dominant eye ... The eye that is customarily used for monocular tasks. ... Synonym: master eye. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

master gland
Synonym for hypophysis ... pituitary gland ...

Master test
An early and long-used exercise challenge to identify ischemic heart disease using a pair of nine inch steps with a platform on top, the number of trips by the patient arbitrarily chosen and related to age and body weight. ... See: two-step exercise test. ... Synonym: Master's two-step exercise test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Master, Arthur
U.S. Physician, *1895. ... See: Master test, Master's two-step exercise test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Master's two-step exercise test
Synonym for Master test ... An early and long-used exercise challenge to identify ischemic heart disease using a pair of nine inch steps with a platform on top, the number of trips by the patient arbitrarily chosen and related to age and body weight. ... See: two-step exercise test. ... Synonym: Master's two-step exercise test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Masters, William
<person> U.S. Gynecologist, *1915. ... See: Allen-Masters syndrome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastery motive
An acquired need to be assertive, to stand out in a crowd, to be dominant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastic
1. <botany> A low shrubby tree of the genus Pistacia (P. Lentiscus), growing upon the islands and coasts of the Mediterranean, and producing a valuable resin; called also, mastic tree. ... 2. A resin exuding from the mastic tree, and obtained by incision. The best is in yellowish white, semitransparent tears, of a faint smell, and is used as a …

masticate
<dentistry> To chew your food and mix the food with saliva ... (08 Jan 1998) ...

masticating cycles
The patterns of mandibular movements formed during the chewing of food. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masticating surface
Synonym for denture occlusal surface ... That portion of the surface of a denture that makes contact or near contact with the corresponding surface of an opposing denture or tooth. ... Synonym: facies occlusalis dentis, facies masticatoria, grinding surface, masticating surface, masticatory surface, occlusal surface. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastication
The process of chewing food in preparation for swallowing and digestion. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

masticator nerve
Synonym for motor root of trigeminal nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> The smaller root of the trigeminal nerve, composed of fibres originating from the trigeminal motor nucleus and emerging from the pons medial to the much larger sensory root, to join the mandibular nerve; it carries motor and proprioceptive fibres to the muscles derived from the fi …

masticatory
1. Subserving or pertaining to mastication, affecting the muscles of mastication. ... 2. A remedy to be chewed but not swallowed. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

masticatory apparatus
Synonym for masticatory system ... The organs and structures primarily functioning in mastication: the jaws, teeth with their supporting structures, temporomandibular joint, muscles of mastication, tongue, lips, cheeks, and oral mucosa. ... Synonym: dental apparatus, masticatory apparatus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masticatory diplegia
Paralysis of all the muscles of mastication. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masticatory force
Synonym for force of mastication ... The motive force created by the dynamic action of the muscles during the physiologic act of mastication. ... Synonym: biting strength, masticatory force. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masticatory muscles
Muscles arising in the zygomatic arch that close the jaw. Their nerve supply is masseteric from the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

masticatory nucleus
Synonym for motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> A group of motor neurons innervating the muscles of mastication (masseter, temporalis, internal and external pterygoid muscles) and the musculi tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini. The nucleus lies in the upper pontine tegmentum medial to the main sensory nucleus of the tri …

masticatory silent period
A pause in electromyographic patterns associated with tooth contacts during chewing and biting; a part of the complex feedback mechanism of mandibular control involving receptors in the periodontal ligament and muscles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masticatory spasm
Involuntary convulsive muscular contraction affecting the muscles of mastication. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masticatory surface
Synonym for denture occlusal surface ... That portion of the surface of a denture that makes contact or near contact with the corresponding surface of an opposing denture or tooth. ... Synonym: facies occlusalis dentis, facies masticatoria, grinding surface, masticating surface, masticatory surface, occlusal surface. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masticatory system
The organs and structures primarily functioning in mastication: the jaws, teeth with their supporting structures, temporomandibular joint, muscles of mastication, tongue, lips, cheeks, and oral mucosa. ... Synonym: dental apparatus, masticatory apparatus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastich
Synonym for mastic ... 1. <botany> A low shrubby tree of the genus Pistacia (P. Lentiscus), growing upon the islands and coasts of the Mediterranean, and producing a valuable resin; called also, mastic tree. ... 2. A resin exuding from the mastic tree, and obtained by incision. The best is in yellowish white, semitransparent tears, of a faint s …

mastiff
Origin: Mastives is irregular and unusual] [Prob. Fr. Prov. E. Masty, adj, large, n, a great dog, prob. Fr. Mast fruit, and hence, lit, fattened with mast. There is perh. Confusion with OF. Mestif mongrel; cf. Also F. Matin mastiff, OF. Mastin. ... <zoology> A breed of large dogs noted for strength and courage. There are various strains, diffe …

mastigomycotina
A subdivision of the fungi, formerly included in the phycomycetes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mastigoneme
<biology> Lateral projections from eukaryotic flagella. May be stiff and alter the hydrodynamics of flagellar propulsion or flexible and alter the effective diameter of the flagellum (flimmer filaments). ... (05 Jan 1998) ...

mastigophora
A subphylum of flagellate protozoa. It contains two classes: phytomastigophora and zoomastigophora. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mastigophora infections
Infections with protozoa of the subphylum mastigophora. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

mastigote
An individual flagellate. ... Origin: G. Mastix, a whip ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastitis
<pathology> Inflammation of the mammary gland or breast. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mastitis neonatorum
Mastitis in the secreting breast tissue of the newborn, usually staphylococcal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masto-
The breast; the mastoid. ... Compare: mammo-, mazo-. ... Origin: G. Mastos ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

masto-occipital
Relating to the mastoid portion of the temporal bone and to the occipital bone, denoting the suture uniting them. ... Synonym: mastoccipital. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastoccipital
Synonym for masto-occipital ... Relating to the mastoid portion of the temporal bone and to the occipital bone, denoting the suture uniting them. ... Synonym: mastoccipital. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastocyte
(German Mast food + cyte) a mast cell. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mastocytogenesis
Formation and development of mast cells. ... Origin: mastocyte + G. Genesis production ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastocytoma
<oncology, tumour> Neoplastic mast cells. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mastocytosis
<radiology> Proliferation of mast cells, seen in haematopoietic regions of skeleton, sclerotic bone lesions, diffuse, patchy sclerosis, discrete, irregular, sclerotic nodules, rarely lytic lesions with densely sclerotic margins, mast cells elaborate histamine producing flushing, tachycardia, nausea, diarrhoea, pigmented, pruritic rash (urtica …

mastodon
<paleontology> An extinct genus of mammals closely allied to the elephant, but having less complex molar teeth, and often a pair of lower, as well as upper, tusks, which are incisor teeth. The species were mostly larger than elephants, and their romains occur in nearly all parts of the world in deposits ranging from Miocene to late Quaternary …

mastodynia
<symptom> Pain in the breast. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

mastoid
A bony process off the base of the skull that is composed of air cells. Inflammation of the mastoid is known as mastoiditis. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

mastoid abscess
An abscess of the mastoid air cells. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastoid air cells
Numerous small intercommunicating cavities in the mastoid process of the temporal bone that empty into the mastoid or tympanic antrum. ... Synonym: cellulae mastoideae, mastoid cells, mastoid sinuses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastoid angle of parietal bone
The posteroinferior point of the parietal bone. ... Synonym: angulus mastoideus ossis parietalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastoid antrum
A cavity in the petrous portion of the temporal bone, communicating posteriorly with the mastoid cells and anteriorly with the epitympanic recess of the middle ear via the aperture of the mastoid antrum. ... Synonym: antrum mastoideum, tympanic antrum, Valsalva's antrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastoid artery
<anatomy, artery> Mastoid branch of occipital artery, passing through the mastoid foramen; distribution, mastoid air cells; anastomosis, middle meningeal artery. ... Synonym: arteriae occipitalis, ramus mastoideus arteriae occipitalis, mastoid branch of occipital artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastoid bone
Synonym for mastoid process ... The nipple-like projection of the petrous part of the temporal bone. ... Synonym: processus mastoideus, mastoid bone, temporal apophysis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastoid border of occipital bone
The margin of the occipital squama that articulates with the temporal bone. ... Synonym: margo mastoideus squamae occipitalis, mastoid margin of occipital bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastoid branch of occipital artery
Synonym for mastoid artery ... <anatomy, artery> Mastoid branch of occipital artery, passing through the mastoid foramen; distribution, mastoid air cells; anastomosis, middle meningeal artery. ... Synonym: arteriae occipitalis, ramus mastoideus arteriae occipitalis, mastoid branch of occipital artery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastoid canaliculus
The canal that extends from the jugular fossa laterally through the mastoid process. It transmits the auricular branch of the vagus. ... Synonym: canaliculus mastoideus, auricular canaliculus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastoid cells
Synonym for mastoid air cells ... Numerous small intercommunicating cavities in the mastoid process of the temporal bone that empty into the mastoid or tympanic antrum. ... Synonym: cellulae mastoideae, mastoid cells, mastoid sinuses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastoid emissary vein
<anatomy, vein> The vein that connects the sigmoid sinus with the occipital vein or one of the tributaries of the external jugular vein by way of the mastoid foramen. ... Synonym: vena emissaria mastoidea, emissarium mastoideum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

mastoid empyema
Synonym for mastoiditis ... <pathology> Inflammation of the mastoid antrum and cells. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...