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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

vasopressins
<chemical> Octapeptide antidiuretic hormones released by the neurohypophysis of all vertebrates (chemical composition varies with species). They control water metabolism and balance by regulating lung, gill, kidney, etc., and water loss, and also contract smooth muscle. They may also be neurotransmitters. Also included are synthetic vasopress …

vasopressor
1. Stimulating contraction of the muscular tissue of the capillaries and arteries. ... 2. An agent that stimulates contraction of the muscular tissue of the capillaries and arteries. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

vasopressor reflex
Vasoconstriction caused by stimulation of certain afferent fibres, e.g., in vagus nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasopuncture
The act of puncturing a vessel with a needle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasoreflex
A reflex that influences the caliber of blood vessels. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasorelaxation
Reduction in tension of the walls of the blood vessels. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasosection
Synonym for vasotomy ... <procedure> Incision into or division of the vas deferens. ... Synonym: vasosection. ... Origin: vaso-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasosensory
1. Relating to sensation in the blood vessels. ... 2. Denoting sensory nerve fibres innervating blood vessels. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasospasm
The sudden decrease in the internal diameter of a blood vessel that results from contraction of smooth muscle within the wall of the vessel. This causes a decrease in blood flow, but an increase in systemic vascular resistance. ... Synonym: vasospasm. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

vasospastic
Relating to or characterised by vasospasm. ... Synonym: angiospastic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasostimulant
1. Exciting vasomotor action. ... 2. An agent that excites the vasomotor nerves to action. ... Synonym: vasotonic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasostomy
<procedure> Establishment of an artificial opening into the deferent duct. ... Origin: vaso-+ G. Stoma, mouth ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasothrombin
Thrombin derived from the lining cells of the blood vessels. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasotocin
<protein> Cyclic nonapeptide, related to vasopressin but found in birds, reptiles and some amphibians. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

vasotomy
<procedure> Incision into or division of the vas deferens. ... Synonym: vasosection. ... Origin: vaso-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasotonia
The tone of blood vessels, particularly the arterioles. ... Synonym: angiotonia. ... Origin: vaso-+ G. Tonos, tone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasotonic
1. Relating to vascular tone. ... Synonym: angiotonic. ... 2. An agent that increases vascular tension. ... Synonym: vasostimulant. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasotrophic
Relating to the nutrition of the blood vessels or the lymphatics. ... Origin: vaso-+ G. Trophe, nourishment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasotropic
Tending to act on the blood vessels. ... Origin: vaso-+ G. Trope, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasovagal
Relating to the action of the vagus nerve upon the blood vessels. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasovagal attack
Synonym for Gowers' syndrome ... <syndrome> Syndrome consisting of palpitation, chest pain, respiratory difficulties, and disturbances in gastric motility; once attributed to vagal stimulation, now considered psychogenic (anxiety neurosis). ... Synonym: vagal attack, vasovagal attack. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasovagal epilepsy
Synonym for autonomic epilepsy ... Episodes of autonomic dysfunction presumably due to diencephalic irritation. ... Synonym: diencephalic epilepsy, vasomotor epilepsy, vasovagal epilepsy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vasovagal syncope
A form of syncope (fainting) that occurs as a part of a normal physiologic response to stress (often emotional stress). The individual becomes lightheaded, nauseated, flushed, feels warm and then may lose consciousness for several seconds. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

vasovagal syndrome
Synonym for vagal attack ... gowers' syndrome ...

vasovasostomy
<procedure> Surgical anastomosis or fistulization of the spermatic ducts to restore fertility in a previously vasectomised male. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vasovesiculectomy
<procedure> Excision of the vas deferens and seminal vesicles. ... Origin: vaso-+ L. Vesicula, vesicle, + G. Ektome, excision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vassal
1. The grantee of a fief, feud, or fee; one who holds land of superior, and who vows fidelity and homage to him; a feudatory; a feudal tenant. ... 2. A subject; a dependent; a servant; a slave. 'The vassals of his anger.' Rear vassal, the vassal of a vassal; an arriere vassal. ... Origin: F, fr. LL. Vassallus, vassus; of Celtic origin; cf. W. & C …

vastoadductor fascia
Synonym for subsartorial fascia ... Dense fascial triangle extending from the inferior medial border of the adductor magnus muscle to the vastus medialis muscle. Along with the sartorius muscle, this dense fascia forms the roof of the lower 1/2 of the adductor canal and, as the femoral vessels pass deep to it, is often mistaken for the adductor hiat …

vastus
Great. ... See: vastus intermedius muscle, vastus lateralis muscle, vastus medialis muscle. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vastus intermedius
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, upper three-fourths of anterior surface of shaft of femur; insertion, tibial tuberosity by way of common tendon of quadriceps femoris and patellar ligament; action, extends leg; nerve supply, femoral. ... Synonym: musculus vastus intermedius, crureus, femoral muscle, intermediate great muscle, intermediate vastus musc …

vastus lateralis
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, lateral lip of linea aspera as far as great trochanter; insertion, tibial tuberosity by way of common tendon of quadriceps femoris and patellar ligament; action, extends leg; nerve supply, femoral. ... Synonym: musculus vastus lateralis, lateral great muscle, lateral vastus muscle, musculus vastus externus. ... (05 Mar …

vastus medialis
<anatomy, muscle> Origin, medial lip of linea aspera; insertion, tibial tuberosity by way of common tendon of quadriceps femoris and ligamentum patellae; action, extends leg; nerve supply, femoral. ... Synonym: musculus vastus medialis, medial great muscle, medial vastus muscle, musculus vastus internus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vat
1. A large vessel, cistern, or tub, especially one used for holding in an immature state, chemical preparations for dyeing, or for tanning, or for tanning leather, or the like. 'Let him produce his vase and tubs, in opposition to heaps of arms and standards.' (Addison) ... 2. A measure for liquids, and also a dry measure; especially, a liquid measur …

VAT ATPase
<enzyme> A member of the cdc48/p97 family of atpases; isolated from thermoplasma acidophilum; genbank u78072; do confuse with vat protein ... Registry number: EC 3.6.1.- ... Synonym: vcp-like atpase, thermoplasma, vat gene product, thermoplasma ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

VATER
Acronym for vertebral defects, anal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistula with oesophageal atresia, and radial and renal anomalies. ... See: VATER complex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

VATER complex
A constellation of vertebral defects, anal atresia, tracheoesophageal fistula with oesophageal atresia, and renal and radial anomalies; associated with Fanconi's anaemia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vater syndrome
<radiology> V vertebral anomalies vascular anomalies, A anal atresia, T tracheo-oesophageal fistula, E oesophageal atresia, R renal anomalies radial dysplasia ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Vater-Pacini corpuscles
Synonym for lamellated corpuscles ... Small oval bodies in the skin of the fingers, in the mesentery, tendons, and elsewhere, formed of concentric layers of connective tissue with a soft core in which the axon of a nerve fibre runs, splitting up into a number of fibrils that terminate in bulbous enlargements; they are sensitive to pressure. ... Synon …

Vater, Abraham
<person> Was a student and follower of Ruysch in Amsterdam. Wrote on a wide range of anatomical subjects between 1707 and 1750. Was Professor of Anatomy and Botany in Wittenburg (1719) and later (1737) Professor of Pathology and Therapeutics in the same University. ... Vater's Tubercle - papilla duodeni - papilla of Santorini. ... Vater's Ampul …

Vater's ampulla
The dilatation formed by junction of the common bile duct and the pancreatic ducts proximal to their opening into the lumen of the duodenum. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Vater's corpuscles
Synonym for lamellated corpuscles ... Small oval bodies in the skin of the fingers, in the mesentery, tendons, and elsewhere, formed of concentric layers of connective tissue with a soft core in which the axon of a nerve fibre runs, splitting up into a number of fibrils that terminate in bulbous enlargements; they are sensitive to pressure. ... Synon …

Vater's fold
A fold of mucous membrane in the duodenum just above the greater duodenal papilla. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

VATS
<abbreviation> Video-assisted thoracic surgery. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vault
Large cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein particles that have an eight fold symmetry with a central pore and petal like structures giving the appearence of an octagonal dome. May be related to the central plug of the nuclear pore complex. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

vav
<oncogene> An oncogene, identified in humans, encoding a serine/threonine protein kinase. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

VBAC
Vaginal Birth After Cesarian section. Although the abbreviation vbac does not appear in standard medical dictionaries, it is in active international use. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

VC
<abbreviation> Coloured vision; vital capacity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

VCE smear
A cytologic smear of material obtained from the vagina, ectocervix, and endocervix, smeared separately (in that order) on one slide, and fixed immediately; used principally for the detection of cervical cancer and identification of the sites of diseases of those areas, and for hormonal evaluation. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

VCO2
Symbol for carbon dioxide elimination. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

VCP1 serine protease
<enzyme> Isolated from verticillium chlamydosporium ... Registry number: EC 3.4.21.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

VCUG
<abbreviation> Voiding cystourethrogram. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

VD
Symbol for physiologic dead space. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

VDE endonuclease
<enzyme> From saccharomyces cerevisiae; recognises an extended sequence 5'-tatsyatgyygggtgy/ggrgaarkmgkkaawgaaawg-3'; involved in nucleic acid rearrangements ... Registry number: EC 3.1.22.- ... Synonym: vma1 gene product, pi-scei endonuclease, vma1 protozyme ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

VDJ recombinase
<enzyme> Helps in the assembly of genes for immunoglobulins and genes for t cell receptors from pieces of DNA dispersed around the chromosome in lymphocytes ... Registry number: EC 2.7.7.- ... Synonym: v-(d)-j recombinase, v(d)j recombinase, v-d-j recombinase, immunoglobulin recombinase ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

VDRL
Synonym for Venereal Disease Research Laboratory ... <microbiology> A blood test used to diagnose syphilis. ... Read as nonreactive or negative if you do not have syphilis. The Venereal Disease Research Laboratory can also be positive is cases of leprosy, malaria, mononucleosis, lupus, hepatitis A and pregnancy. ... Positive Venereal Disease Res …

VDRL test
A flocculation test for syphilis, using cardiolipin-lecithin-cholesterol antigen as developed by the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory of the United States Public Health Service. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vection
Transference of the agents of disease from an infected to an uninfected individual by a vector. ... Origin: L. Vectio, conveyance ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vectis
An instrument resembling one of the blades of an obstetrical forceps, used as an aid in delivery by making leverge on the presenting part of the foetus. ... Origin: L. A lever or bar ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vector
1. <mathematics> A term to describe something that has both direction and magnitude. ... 2. <molecular biology> Commonly term for a plasmid that can be used to transfer DNA sequences from one organism to another. Different vectors may have properties particularly appropriate to give protein expression in the recipient or for cloning or m …

vector loop
<physiology> An irregular, usually elliptical, curve representing the average direction and magnitude of the heart's action from moment to moment throughout the cardiac cycle. ... See: vector, vectorcardiogram. ... (06 Mar 2000) ...

vector-borne
Denoting a disease or infection that is transmitted by an invertebrate vector. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vectorcardiogram
<physiology> A graphic representation of the magnitude and direction of the heart's action currents in the form of vector loops. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vectorcardiography
<physiology> Recording of the moment-to-moment electromotive forces of the heart on a plane of the body surface delineated as a vector function of time. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vectorial
Relating in any way to a vector. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vectorial capacity
<epidemiology> In vector-borne infections such as malaria, the vectorial capacity is a concept analogous to the contact rate in directly-transmitted diseases. It is, thus, a function of (a) the vector's density in relation to its vertebrate host, (b) the frequency with which it takes blood meals on the host species, (c) the duration of the la …

vectorial synthesis
<cell biology> Term usually applied to the mode of synthesis of proteins destined for export from the cell. ... As the protein is made it moves (vectorially) through the membrane of the rough endoplasmic reticulum, to which the ribosome is attached and into the cisternal space. ... (06 Mar 2000) ...

vectorial transport
<physiology> Transport of an ion or molecule across an epithelium in a certain direction (e.g. absorption of glucose by the gut). Vectorial transport implies a nonuniform distribution of transport proteins on the plasma membranes of two faces of the epithelium. ... (06 Mar 2000) ...

vecuronium bromide
<chemical> Monoquaternary homolog of pancuronium. A non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking agent with shorter duration of action than pancuronium. Its lack of significant cardiovascular effects and lack of dependence on good kidney function for elimination as well as its short duration of action and easy reversibility provide advantages over …

VEE
<abbreviation> Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

VEE virus
Synonym for Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus ... A group A arbovirus of the genus Alphavirus, family Togaviridae, occurring in Venezuela and several other South American countries, in Panama and Trinidad, and occasionally the United States causing Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis in horses and humans; it seems to be more viscerotropic th …

vega
<astronomy> A brilliant star of the first magnitude, the brightest of those constituting the constellation Lyra. ... (01 Mar 1998) ...

vegalysen
Synonym for hexamethonium chloride ... Hexamethylenebis(trimethylammonium chloride);a ganglionic blocking agent used in the treatment of hypertension, usually in combination with other hypotensive drugs; also used as the bromide and the tartrate. ... Synonym: hexamethone bromide, vegalysen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vegan
A strict vegetarian; i.e., one who consumes no animal or dairy products of any type. ... Compare: vegetarian. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vegetable
1. Of or pertaining to plants; having the nature of, or produced by, plants; as, a vegetable nature; vegetable growths, juices, etc. 'Blooming ambrosial fruit Of vegetable gold.' (Milton) ... 2. Consisting of, or comprising, plants; as, the vegetable kingdom. Vegetable alkali, a white woolly plant (Raoulia eximia) of New Zealand, which grows in the …

vegetable alkali
A mixture of potassium hydroxide and carbonate. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vegetable base
Synonym for alkaloid ... <chemistry, pharmacology> One of a large group of nitrogenous substances found in naturally in plants. They are usually very bitter and although the plant may be poisonous, many have extracts that are pharmacologically active. ... Examples are atropine, caffeine, coniine, morphine, nicotine, quinine, strychnine. The ter …

vegetable calomel
Synonym for podophyllum ... <botany> The dried seeds and root of the mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum) from which several medicinally-useful compounds can be extracted. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

vegetable charcoal
Charcoal obtained by charring vegetable tissues, especially the wood of willow, beech, birch, or oak. ... Synonym: wood charcoal. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vegetable gelatin
A substance similar to gelatin, obtained from gluten. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vegetable proteins
Proteins which are present in or isolated from vegetables or vegetable products used as food. The concept is distinguished from plant proteins which refers to non-dietary proteins from plants. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vegetable sulfur
Synonym for lycopodium ... <botany> A genus of mosslike plants, the type of the order Lycopodiaceae; club moss. Lycopodium powder, a fine powder or dust composed of the spores of Lycopodium, and other plants of the order Lycopodiaceae. It is highly inflammable, and is sometimes used in the manufacture of fireworks, and the artificial represent …

vegetable wax
Palm wax or any wax derived from plants such as the bayberry. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vegetal
1. Of or pertaining to vegetables, or the vegetable kingdom; of the nature of a vegetable; vegetable. 'All creatures vegetal, sensible, and rational.' (Burton) ... 2. <biology> Of, pertaining to, or designating, that class of vital phenomena, such as digestion, absorption, assimilation, secretion, excretion, circulation, generation, etc, which …

vegetal pole
Of vertebrate eggs. The surface of the egg opposite to the animal pole. Usually the cytoplasm in this region is incorporated into future endoderm cells. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

vegetate
1. To grow, as plants, by nutriment imbibed by means of roots and leaves; to start into growth; to sprout; to germinate. 'See dying vegetables life sustain, See life dissolving vegetate again.' (Pope) ... 2. To lead a live too low for an animate creature; to do nothing but eat and grow. 'Persons who . . . Would have vegetated stupidly in the places …

vegetation
The plant growth forms that generally occupy a given area (for example, forest, hydrophytes or chaparral). ... The sum total of macrophytes that occupy a given area. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

vegetation unit
A patch, grouping or zone of plants evident in overall plant cover, which appears distinct from other such units because of the vegetation's structure and floristic composition, a given unit is typically topographically distinct and typically has a rather uniform soil, except possibly for relatively dry microsites (for example, tree bases, old tree …

vegetative
1. Concerned with growth and with nutrition. ... 2. Functioning involuntarily or unconsciously, as the vegetative nervous system. ... 3. Resting, denoting the portion of a cell cycle during which the cell is not involved in replication. ... 4. Of, pertaining to or characteristic of plants. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

vegetative bacteriophage
The form of bacteriophage in which the bacteriophage nucleic acid (lacking its coat) multiplies freely within the host bacterium, independently of bacterial multiplication. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vegetative endocarditis
<cardiology, pathology> Endocarditis associated with the presence of fibrinous clots (vegetations) forming on the ulcerated surfaces of the valves. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vegetative fish cover
<ecology> Vegetation materials, such as algal mats and organic debris, capable of providing protection for fish and other aquatic organisms. ... (06 Mar 2000) ...

vegetative life
The simple metabolic and reproductive activity of humans or animals, apart from the exercise of conscious mental or psychic processes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vegetative nervous system
Synonym for autonomic nervous system ... <anatomy> Neurons that are not under conscious control, comprising two antagonistic components, the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. ... The autonomic nervous system regulates key functions including the activity of the cardiac (heart) muscle, smooth muscles (e.g., of the gut), and glands …

vegetative pole
The part of a telolecithal egg where the bulk of the yolk is situated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vegetative propagation
Propagation without pollination by way of separating vegetative parts (i.e., branches, stolons, buds) from the mother plant and planting them so they take root and grow. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

vegetative reproduction
Synonym for asexual reproduction ... <biology, microbiology> Reproduction in which an organism produces one or more clones of itself, such as by fission or budding. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

vegetative stage
Synonym for resting stage ... The quiescent stage of a cell or its nucleus in which no karyokinetic changes are taking place. ... Synonym: vegetative stage. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

VEGF
Synonym for vascular endothelial growth factor ... A growth factor that is responsible for the growth of blood vessels. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vehicle
1. An excipient. ... 2. Any medium through which an impulse is propagated. ... Origin: L. Vehiculum ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

vehicle emissions
Gases, fumes, vapors, and odours escaping from the cylinders of a gasoline or diesel internal-combustion engine. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...