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 mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197


vaccine bodies
Old term pertaining to intracellular body's that were erroneously thought to be forms in the life cycle of a protozoan organism, Cytorrhyctes vaccinae, postulated to be the causal agent of vaccinia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaccine lymph
Vaccinia lymph, that collected from the vesicles of vaccinia infection, and used for active immunization against smallpox. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaccine, flu
The flu (influenza) vaccine is recommended for persons at high risk for serious complications from influenza infection, including everyone 65 or over; people with chronic diseases of the heart, lung or kidneys, diabetes, immunosuppression, or severe forms of anaemia; residents of nursing homes and other chronic-care facilities, children and teenage …

vaccine, influenza
See Vaccine, flu. Vaccination, dtap: like dpt, dtap protects from diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough) and tetanus. Dtap is the same as dtp, except that it contains only acellular pertussis vaccine which is thought to cause fewer of the minor reactions associated with immunization and is also probably less likely to cause the more severe reaction …

vaccineation, serum hepatitis
See Vaccination, hepatitis b. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vaccines
Vaccines are microbial preparations of killed or modified microorganisms which can stimulate an immune response in the body in order to prevent future infection with similar microorganism. The smallpox vaccine has totally eliminated the smallpox disease from our planet. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vaccines, attenuated
Live vaccines prepared from microorganisms which have undergone physical adaptation (e.g., by radiation or temperature conditioning) or serial passage in laboratory animal hosts or infected tissue/cell cultures, in order to produce avirulent mutant strains capable of inducing protective immunity. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vaccines, combined
Two or more vaccines in a single dosage form. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vaccines, conjugate
Semisynthetic vaccines consisting of polysaccharide antigens from microorganisms attached to protein carrier molecules. The carrier protein is recognised by macrophages and T-cells thus enhancing immunity. Conjugate vaccines induce antibody formation in people not responsive to polysaccharide alone, induce higher levels of antibody, and show a boos …

vaccines, DNA
Recombinant DNA vectors encoding antigens administered for the prevention or treatment of disease. The host cells take up the DNA, express the antigen, and present it to the immune system in a manner similar to that which would occur during natural infection. This induces humoral and cellular immune responses against the encoded antigens. The vecto …

vaccines, inactivated
Vaccines in which the infectious microbial nucleic acid components have been destroyed by chemical or physical treatment (e.g., formalin, beta-propiolactone, gamma radiation) without affecting the antigenicity or immunogenicity of the viral coat or bacterial outer membrane proteins. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vaccines, synthetic
Small synthetic peptides that mimic surface antigens of pathogens and are immunogenic, or vaccines manufactured with the aid of recombinant DNA techniques. The latter vaccines may also be whole viruses whose nucleic acids have been modified. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vaccinia
<dermatology> The cutaneous and sometimes systemic reactions associated with vaccination with smallpox vaccine. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

vaccinia gangrenosa
Synonym for progressive vaccinia ... A severe or even fatal form of vaccinia occurring chiefly in subjects with an immunologic deficiency or dyscrasia and characterised by progressive enlargement of the initial and also of secondary lesions. ... Synonym: vaccinia gangrenosa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaccinia virus
<molecular biology, virology> DNA viruses used in several biotechnology applications, including expression vector systems. Because they can hold quite a lot of DNA, they can be used to make more than one protein at once in a cell, which can be useful for making proteins with more than one polypeptide chain. ... (14 Nov 1997) ...

vaccinial
Relating to vaccinia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vacciniform
Resembling vaccinia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaccinist
Synonym for vaccinator ... 1. A person who vaccinates. ... Synonym: vaccinist. ... 2. A scarifier or other instrument used in vaccination. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaccinization
Vaccination repeated at short intervals until it will no longer take. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaccinogen
A source of vaccine, such as an inoculated heifer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaccinogenous
Producing vaccine, or relating to the production of vaccine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaccinoid
Resembling vaccinia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaccinoid reaction
Synonym for accelerated reaction ... A response occurring in a shorter time than expected; the cutaneous manifestations occurring during the period between the second and tenth day following smallpox vaccination; because it is intermediate between a primary reaction and an immediate reaction, it is regarded as evidence of some degree of resistance.< …

vaccinostyle
A pointed instrument used in vaccination. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaccinum
Synonym: vaccine. ... Origin: L. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaccuum fermentation
A system for producing ethanol (grain alcohol) and other volatile fermentation products, in thisprocess, fermentation occurs continuouslyunder reduced pressure, which lets the volatile product leave the cycleas an exhaust gas, which is then collected in a separate chamber. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

VACTERL syndrome
<syndrome> Abnormalities of vertebrae, anus, cardiovascular tree, trachea, oesophagus, renal system, and limb buds associated with administration of sex steroids during early pregnancy. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vacuolar
Relating to or resembling a vacuole. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vacuolar ATPase
Synonym for V-type ATPase ... <enzyme> From eukaryotic endomembrane systems, including vacuoles, lysosomes, golgi apparatus, chromaffin granules and coated vesicles. One of three major classes of ion transport ATPase, characterised by a multi subunit structure and a lack of a phosphorylated intermediate. ... Found in archaebacteria but not euba …

vacuolar calcium ATPase
<enzyme> Isolated from saccharomyces cerevisiae; genbank u36603 ... Registry number: EC 3.6.1.- ... Synonym: h(+)-ca(2+)-atpase, vacuolar ... (26 Jun 1999) ...

vacuolar degeneration
Formation of nonlipid vacuoles in cytoplasm, most frequently due to accumulation of water by cloudy swelling. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vacuolar nephrosis
Synonym for hypokalaemic nephropathy ... Vacuolation of the epithelial cytoplasm of renal convoluted tubules in patients seriously depleted of potassium; vacuoles do not contain fat or glycogen, concentrating ability is impaired, polyuria and polydipsia are common, and pyelonephritis may develop. ... Synonym: vacuolar nephrosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vacuolate
Vacuolated ... Having vacuoles. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vacuolating virus
Synonym for simian virus ... Any of a number of virus's, belonging to various families, isolated from monkeys or from cultures of monkey cells. ... Synonym: vacuolating virus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vacuole
<cell biology> Membrane bounded vesicle of eukaryotic cells. Secretory, endocytotic and phagocytotic vesicles can be termed vacuoles. Botanists tend to confine the term to the large vesicles found in plant cells that provide both storage and space filling functions. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

vacuoles
Any spaces or cavities within a cell. They may function in digestion, storage, secretion, or excretion. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vacuome
A system of vacuoles that can be stained with neutral red in the living cell. ... Origin: vacuole + G. -oma, tumour ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vacutome
Electrodermatome that applies suction to the skin to raise it before an advancing blade, usually for taking a split-thickness skin graft. ... Origin: vacuum + G. Tome, a cutting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vacuum
Origin: L, fr. Vacuus empty. See Vacuous. ... 1. <physics> A space entirely devoid of matter (called also, by way of distinction, absolute vacuum); hence, in a more general sense, a space, as the interior of a closed vessel, which has been exhausted to a high or the highest degree by an air pump or other artificial means; as, water boils at a …

vacuum casting
The casting of a metal in the presence of a vacuum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vacuum curettage
Aspiration of the contents of the uterus with a vacuum curette. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vacuum desiccator
A desiccator that can be evacuated. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vacuum disk phenomenon
The appearance of a radiolucent stripe in an intervertebral disk, a manifestation of disk degeneration; a misnomer since there is gas present. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vacuum extraction, obstetrical
Removal of the foetus from the uterus or vagina at or near the end of pregnancy with a metal traction cup that is attached to the foetus' head. Negative pressure is applied and traction is made on a chain passed through the suction tube. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vacuum extractor
Device for producing traction upon the head of a foetus by means of a soft cup held by a vacuum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vacuum flask
Synonym for Dewar flask ... <apparatus> A glass vessel, often silvered, with two walls, the space between which is evacuated; used for maintaining materials at constant temperature or, more usually, at low temperature. ... Synonym: vacuum flask. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vacuum headache
Headache due to closure of the frontal sinus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vacuum pan
A device for growing crystals from solutions by gradually lowering the pressure within the sealed container holding the liquid. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

vacuum tube
A glass tube from which the air has been removed, containing two or more electrodes, between which passes an electrical current or spark; used in the production of X-rays, or to control circuits. Previously in wide use, the vacuum tube has been supplanted by transistors in electronic circuits. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vadum
An occasional elevation from the bottom of a cerebral sulcus nearly obliterating it for a short distance. ... Origin: L. A ford ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagabond
One who wanders from place to place, having no fixed dwelling, or not abiding in it, and usually without the means of honest livelihood; a vagrant; a tramp; hence, a worthless person; a rascal. 'A fugitive and a vagabond shalt thou be.' (Gen. Iv. 12) ... In English and American law, vagabond is used in bad sense, denoting one who is without a home; …

vagabond's disease
Synonym for parasitic melanoderma ... Excoriations and melanoderma caused by scratching the bites of the body louse, Pediculus corporis. ... Synonym: Greenhow's disease, vagabond's disease, vagrant's disease. ... Racial melanoderma, the normally dark skin of blacks and certain other races. ... Senile melanoderma, cutaneous pigmentation occurring in the …

vagal
<anatomy> Pertaining to the vagus nerve. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

vagal attack
Synonym for Gowers' syndrome ... <syndrome> Syndrome consisting of palpitation, chest pain, respiratory difficulties, and disturbances in gastric motility; once attributed to vagal stimulation, now considered psychogenic (anxiety neurosis). ... Synonym: vagal attack, vasovagal attack. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagal bradycardia
Any excessive cardiac slowing due to stimulation of the vagus nerves. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagal part
Synonym for cranial root of accessory nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> The roots of the accessory nerve which arise from the medulla; the nerve fibres of the cranial root join the intracranial portion of the vagus nerve and are distributed to the pharyngeal plexus, providing the motor innervation of the soft palate (except the tensor veli palati) an …

vagal part of accessory nerve
Synonym for cranial root of accessory nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> The roots of the accessory nerve which arise from the medulla; the nerve fibres of the cranial root join the intracranial portion of the vagus nerve and are distributed to the pharyngeal plexus, providing the motor innervation of the soft palate (except the tensor veli palati) an …

vagal trigone
A prominence in the floor of the inferior fovea of the fourth ventricle that overlies the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus. ... Synonym: trigonum nervi vagi, ala cinerea, ashen wing, gray wing, trigone of vagus nerve, va'gi eminentia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagal trunk
One of the two nerve bundles, anterior and posterior, into which the oesophageal plexus continues as it passes through the diaphragm. ... Synonym: truncus vagalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagectomy
<procedure> Surgical removal of a segment of a vagus nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagi
Plural of vagus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagile
Showing an ability or tendency to change or adapt to new situations, in ecological terms, this refersto an organism that changes its locationor distribution over time. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

vagin-
See: vagino-. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagina
The female organ of sexual intercourse, the birth canal. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

vagina bulbi
Synonym for fascial sheath of eyeball ... A condensation of connective tissue on the outer aspect of the sclera from which it is separated by a narrow cleftlike episcleral space; the sheath is attached to the sclera near the sclerocorneal junction and blends with the fascia of the extraocular muscles. ... Synonym: vagina bulbi, capsula bulbi, eye cap …

vagina carotica
Synonym for carotid sheath ... The dense fibrous investment of the carotid artery, internal jugular vein, and vagus nerve on each side of the neck, deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle; the layers of cervical fascia blend with it. ... Synonym: vagina carotica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagina cellulosa
The connective tissue sheath of a nerve or muscle (perineurium or perimysium, respectively). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagina communis musculorum flexorum
Synonym for common flexor sheath ... The synovial sheath that surrounds the eight tendons of the superficial and deep flexors of the digits of the hand as they pass through the carpal canal; it is commonly continuous with the digital sheath of the little finger. ... Synonym: vagina communis musculorum flexorum, ulnar bursa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagina externa nervi optici
Synonym for external sheath of optic nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> The outer sheath around the optic nerve, continuous with the dura mater. ... Synonym: vagina externa nervi optici, dural sheath of optic nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagina fibrosa tendinis
fibrous tendon sheath ...

vagina interna nervi optici
Synonym for internal sheath of optic nerve ... <anatomy, nerve> The innermost sheath around the optic nerve, continuous with the leptomeninges (pia-arachnoid) and including a cerebrospinal fluid-filled intervaginal space, continuous with the subarachnoid space. ... Synonym: vagina interna nervi optici. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagina intertubercularis
Synonym for intertubercular sheath ... The extension of the synovial membrane of the shoulder joint downward in the intertubercular groove to surround the tendon of the long head of the biceps. ... Synonym: vagina intertubercularis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagina masculina
Synonym for prostatic utricle ... A minute pouch in the prostate opening on the summit of the seminal colliculus, the analogue of the uterus and vagina in the female, being the remains of the fused caudal ends of the paramesonephric ducts. ... Synonym: utriculus prostaticus, masculine uterus, Morgagni's sinus, sinus pocularis, uterus masculinus, vagi …

vagina mucosa tendinis
Synonym for synovial tendon sheath ... A sheath of synovial membrane enveloping certain of the tendons; it contains a small amount of synovial fluid. ... Synonym: vagina synovialis tendinis, mucous sheath of tendon, theca tendinis, vagina mucosa tendinis, vaginal synovial membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagina musculi recti abdominis
Synonym for rectus sheath ... Sheath of the rectus abdominis, formed by the aponeuroses of the three anterolateral muscles of the abdominal wall that split to enclose the rectus and fuse medially to form the linea alba; it consists of an anterior lamina and a posterior lamina, the latter being absent below the arcuate line. ... See: aponeurosis of ex …

vagina oculi
Synonym for fascial sheath of eyeball ... A condensation of connective tissue on the outer aspect of the sclera from which it is separated by a narrow cleftlike episcleral space; the sheath is attached to the sclera near the sclerocorneal junction and blends with the fascia of the extraocular muscles. ... Synonym: vagina bulbi, capsula bulbi, eye cap …

vagina processus styloidei
Synonym for sheath of styloid process ... A crest of bone (edge of the tympanic portion of the temporal bone) running from the front and medial side of the mastoid process to the spine of the sphenoid; it splits to ensheath the base of the styloid process. ... Synonym: vagina processus styloidei, vaginal process. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagina synovialis tendinis
Synonym for synovial tendon sheath ... A sheath of synovial membrane enveloping certain of the tendons; it contains a small amount of synovial fluid. ... Synonym: vagina synovialis tendinis, mucous sheath of tendon, theca tendinis, vagina mucosa tendinis, vaginal synovial membrane. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagina synovialis trochleae
Synonym for tendon sheath of superior oblique muscle ... <anatomy> The synovial sheath enclosing the tendon of the superior oblique muscle as it passes through the trochlea. ... Synonym: vagina tendinis musculi obliqui superioris, synovial trochlear bursa, trochlear synovial bursa, vagina synovialis trochleae. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vagina, septate
A vagina that is divided, usually longitudinally, to create a double vagina. This situation can be easily missed by the patient and even by the doctor on exam. If the patient becomes sexually active prior to diagnosis, one of the vaginas stretches and becomes dominant. The other vagina slips slightly upward and flush and is a little difficult to en …

vaginae fibrosae digitorum manus
Synonym for fibrous digital sheaths of hand ... Fibrous sheaths of the digits of the hand, the tubular fibrous layers that enclose the synovial sheaths and the superficial and deep flexor tendons and the tendon of the flexor pollicis longus in their passage along their respective digits; they are composed of annular and cruciform parts. ... Synonym: …

vaginae fibrosae digitorum pedis
Synonym for fibrous digital sheaths of foot ... Fibrous sheaths of the toes, the tubular fibrous layer enclosing the synovial sheath and the tendons of the long and short flexors of the toes and the flexor hallucis longus in the digits; they are composed of annular and cruciform parts. ... Synonym: vaginae fibrosae digitorum pedis. ... (05 Mar 2000)
vaginae nervi optici
Sheaths of the optic nerve, formed by extensions of the central meninges. ... See: internal sheath of optic nerve, external sheath of optic nerve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaginae synoviales digitorum manus
Synonym for synovial sheaths of digits of hand ... The synovial sheaths that enclose the flexor tendons of the fingers and line the inside of the fibrous tendon sheaths. ... Synonym: vaginae synoviales digitorum manus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaginae synoviales digitorum pedis
Synonym for synovial sheaths of digits of foot ... Similar in structure to the corresponding sheaths of the hand. ... Synonym: vaginae synoviales digitorum pedis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaginae vasorum
Synonym for vascular sheaths ... Fibrous envelopes ensheathing the arteries with their accompanying veins and sometimes nerves as well. ... Synonym: sheaths of vessels, vaginae vasorum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaginal
1. Of the nature of a sheath, ensheathing. ... 2. <anatomy> Pertaining to the vagina. ... 3. Pertaining to the tunica vaginalis testis. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

vaginal artery
<anatomy, artery> Origin, internal iliac; distribution, vagina, base of bladder, rectum; anastomoses, uterine, internal pudendal. ... Synonym: arteria vaginalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaginal atresia
Congenital or acquired imperforation or occlusion of the vagina, or adhesion of the walls of the vagina. ... Synonym: ankylocolpos, colpatresia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaginal birth after cesarean
Delivery of an infant through the vagina in a female who has had a prior cesarean section. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vaginal columns
Synonym for rugal columns of vagina ... Two slight longitudinal ridges, anterior and posterior, in the vaginal mucous membrane, each marked by a number of transverse mucosal folds. ... Synonym: columnae rugarum, vaginal columns. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaginal cornification test
A test for oestrogenic activity, in which the appearance of cornified epithelial cells in a vaginal smear of a test animal is an indication of the action of an oestrogen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaginal creams, foams and jellies
Medicated dosage forms for topical application in the vagina. A cream is a semisolid emulsion containing suspended or dissolved medication; a foam is a dispersion of a gas in a medicated liquid resulting in a light, frothy mass; a jelly is a colloidal semisolid mass of a water soluble medicated material, usually translucent. The concept includes va …

vaginal cyst
A closed sac on or under the vaginal mucosa that contains fluid or semi-solid material. These may occur secondary to trauma. Treatment may include surgical excision. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

vaginal discharge
A common gynecologic disorder characterised by an abnormal, nonbloody discharge from the genital tract. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vaginal dysmenorrhoea
A form of secondary dysmenorrhoea due to obstruction or other abnormal condition in the vagina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaginal fistula
An abnormal passage communicating with the vagina. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vaginal fornix
The recess at the vault of the vagina; it is divided into an anterior part, posterior part, and lateral part with respect to its relation to the cervix of the uterus. The posterior part is clinically significant as the site for culdocentesis and culdoscopy. The proximity of the ureter (below) and the uterine artery (above) adjacent to the lateral f …

vaginal gland
One of the mucous gland's in the mucous membrane of the vagina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vaginal hysterectomy
<procedure> Removal of the uterus through a surgical incision, not of the abdomen but, within the vagina. With a vaginal hysterectomy, the scar is not outwardly visible. A vaginal hysterectomy is as opposed to an abdominal hysterectomy. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...