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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary
Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary
Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK
Words: 116197
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valine-pyruvate transaminase<enzyme> E coli enzyme catalyzing the terminal step of valine biosynthesis; consider also EC 2.6.1.42, branched-chain-amino-acid transaminase; alanine-alpha-oxoisovalerate aminotransferase and alanine-alpha-ketoisovalerate aminotransferase were ens to alanine aminotransferase 1981-93 ... Registry number: EC 2.6.1.66 ... Synonym: alanine-valine …
valine-tRNA ligase<enzyme> An enzyme that activates valine with its specific transfer RNA. ... Chemical name: L-Valine:tRNA(Val) ligase (AMP-forming) ... Registry number: EC 6.1.1.9 ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
valinomycin<drug> A potassium ionophore antibiotic, produced by Streptomyces fulvissimus. Composed of 3 molecules (L valine, D _ hydroxyisovaleric acid, L lactic acid) linked alternately to form a 36 membered ring, that folds to make a cage shaped like a tennis ball seam. This wraps specifically around potassium ions, presenting them with a hydrophilic …
valkyriaOne of the maidens of Odin, represented as awful and beautiful, who presided over battle and marked out those who were to be slain, and who also ministered at the feasts of heroes in Valhalla. ... Alternative forms: Valkyr, and Walkyr. ... Origin: Icel. Valkyrja (akin to AS. Waelcyrie); valr the slain + kjosa to choose. See Valhalla, and Choose. ... S …
vallaPlural of vallum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
vallateBordered with an elevation, as a cupped structure; denoting especially certain lingual papillae. ... See: circumvallate. ... Origin: L. Vallo, pp. -atus, to surround with, fr. Vallum, a rampart ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
vallate papillaOne of eight or ten projections from the dorsum of the tongue forming a row anterior to and parallel with the sulcus terminalis; each papilla is surrounded by a circular trench (fossa) having a slightly raised outer wall (vallum); on the sides of the vallate papilla and the opposed margin of the vallum are numerous taste buds. ... Synonym: papilla v …
vallecula cerebelliA deep hollow on the inferior surface of the cerebellum, between the hemispheres, containing the medulla oblongata and the falx cerebelli. ... Synonym: vallis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
vallecula epiglotticaSynonym for epiglottic vallecula ... A depression immediately posterior to the root of the tongue between the median and lateral glossoepiglottic folds on either side. ... Synonym: vallecula epiglottica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
vallecula sylviiSynonym for lateral cerebral fossa ... The deep depression of the basal surface of the forebrain that corresponds in position to the anterior perforated substance. Bounded medially by the optic tract and rostrally by the orbital surface of the frontal lobe, it extends laterally around the overhanging pole of the temporal lobe into the Sylvian fissur …
vallecula unguisSynonym for sulcus matricis unguis ... The cutaneous furrow in which the lateral border of the nail is situated. ... Synonym: groove of nail matrix, vallecula unguis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
vallecular dysphagiaDysphagia caused by food becoming lodged above the epiglottis. ... Synonym: Barclay-Baron disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Valleix, Francois<person> French physician, 1807-1855. ... See: Valleix's points. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Valleix's pointsVarious point's in the course of a nerve, pressure upon which is painful in cases of neuralgia; these point's are: 1) where the nerve emerges from the bony canal; 2) where it pierces a muscle or aponeurosis to reach the skin; 3) where a superficial nerve rests upon a resisting surface where compression is easily made; 4) where the nerve gives off o …
valleyOrigin: OE. Vale, valeie, OF. Valee, valede, F. Vallee, LL. Vallata, L. Vallis, valles. See Vale. ... 1. The space inclosed between ranges of hills or mountains; the strip of land at the bottom of the depressions intersecting a country, including usually the bed of a stream, with frequently broad alluvial plains on one or both sides of the stream. A …
valley feverA fungal infection caused by the fungus Coccidioides immitis. Exists in two forms: primary disease, which is a self-limited respiratory infection (requires no treatment) and a progressive form (diffuse and granulomatous), that can involve almost any part of the body. Approximately 60% of infections cause no symptoms and are identified only by skin …
valley segmentThat portion of a stream network with similar morphologies and governing geomorphic processes identified by valley bottom and sideslope geomorphic characteristics. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...
vallisSynonym: vallecula cerebelli. ... Origin: L. Valley ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
vallum1. Any raised, more or less circular ridge. ... 2. The slightly raised outer wall of the circular depression, or fossa, surrounding a vallate papilla of the tongue. ... Origin: L. A rampart, fr. Vallus, a stake ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
vallum unguisSynonym for nail fold ... The fold of skin overlapping the lateral and proximal margins of the nail. ... Synonym: vallum unguis, wall of nail. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valmethamideSynonym for valnoctamide ... 2-ethyl-3-methylvaleramide;an antianxiety agent. ... Synonym: valmethamide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valnoctamide2-ethyl-3-methylvaleramide;an antianxiety agent. ... Synonym: valmethamide. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valoidSynonym: equivalent extract. ... Origin: L. Valeo, to be strong ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valonia1. The acorn cup of two kinds of oak (Quercus macrolepis, and Q. Vallonea) found in Eastern Europe. It contains abundance of tannin, and is much used by tanners and dyers. ... 2. [Perhaps named from its resemblance to an acorn. ... <botany> A genus of marine green algae, in which the whole frond consists of a single oval or cylindrical cell, of …
valproic acidThis drug is used to treat seizures. It may cause liver damage and has side effects such as drowsiness, nausea, and hair loss. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
valsalvaA manoeuvre elicited by bearing down for the purpose of decreasing venous blood return to the right side of the heart. The Valsalva manoeuvre can accentuate certain cardiac abnormalities (murmurs) for the purpose of diagnosis. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
Valsalva manoeuvreAny forced expiratory effort ('strain') against a closed airway, whether at the nose and mouth or at the glottis, the reverse of Muller's manoeuvre; because high intrathoracic pressure impedes venous return to the right atrium, this manoeuvre is used to study cardiovascular effects of raised peripheral venous pressure and decreased cardiac filling …
Valsalva testThe heart is monitored by ECG, pressure recording, or other methods while the patient performs the Valsalva manoeuvre; the heart becomes smaller in normal persons but may dilate in the patient with impaired myocardial reserve; there is a characteristic complex sequence of cardiocirculatory events, departure from which indicates disease or malfuncti …
Valsalva, Antonio<person> Italian anatomist, 1666-1723. ... See: aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva, Valsalva's antrum, Valsalva's ligaments, Valsalva manoeuvre, Valsalva's muscle, Valsalva's sinus, teniae of Valsalva, Valsalva test. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Valsalva's antrumSynonym for mastoid antrum ... A cavity in the petrous portion of the temporal bone, communicating posteriorly with the mastoid cells and anteriorly with the epitympanic recess of the middle ear via the aperture of the mastoid antrum. ... Synonym: antrum mastoideum, tympanic antrum, Valsalva's antrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Valsalva's ligamentsSynonym for auricular ligaments ... The three ligaments that attach the auricle to the side of the head: anterior auricular ligament (ligamentum auriculare anterius), which extends from the root of the zygomatic process to the spine of the helix; posterior auricular ligament (ligamentum auriculare posterius), which extends from the mastoid process t …
valsalva's manoeuvreForced expiratory effort against a closed airway. It is used to study cardiovascular effects of increased peripheral venous pressure and decreased cardiac filling and output. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...
Valsalva's muscleSynonym for tragicus muscle ... <anatomy> A band of vertical muscular fibres on the outer surface of the tragus of the ear. ... Synonym: musculus tragicus, muscle of tragus, Valsalva's muscle. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
Valsalva's sinusSynonym for aortic sinus ... The space between the superior aspect of each cusp of the aortic valve and the dilated portion of the wall of the ascending aorta, immediately above each cusp. ... Synonym: sinus aortae, Petit's sinus, Valsalva's sinus. ... Arlt's sinus, an inconstant depression on the lower portion of the internal surface of the lacrimal …
valuable1. Having value or worth; possessing qualities which are useful and esteemed; precious; costly; as, a valuable horse; valuable land; a valuable cargo. ... 2. Worthy; estimable; deserving esteem; as, a valuable friend; a valuable companion. Valuable consideration, an equivalent or compensation having value given for a thing purchased, as money, marri …
value1. The property or aggregate properties of a thing by which it is rendered useful or desirable, or the degree of such property or sum of properties; worth; excellence; utility; importance. 'Ye are all physicians of no value.' (Job xiii. 4) 'Ye are of more value than many sparrows.' (Matt. X. 31) 'Caesar is well acquainted with your virtue, And ther …
valvaSynonym: valve. ... Origin: L. One leaf of a double door ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valva aortaeSynonym for aortic valve ... The heart valve that divides the left ventricle and the aorta. The aortic valve opens during left ventricular contraction and then closes to prohibit the backwash of oxygenated blood from the aorta into the ventricle. The aortic valve has 3 valve cusps. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
valva atrioventricularis dextraSynonym for tricuspid valve ... <anatomy> This heart valve, named for its three cusps (leaflets), divides the right atrium and the right ventricle. ... When the right atrium contracts blood flows through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. On closure, the tricuspid prohibits the backflow of blood into the right atrium. ... (19 Jan 1998 …
valva atrioventricularis sinistraSynonym for mitral valve ... <anatomy, cardiology> The heart valve that divides the left atrium and left ventricle. During left atrial contraction, the mitral valve opens to allow blood to flow into the left ventricle. Upon closure, the mitral valve prohibits the regurgitation of blood back into the left atrium. The mitral valve is the only he …
valva ileocaecalisSynonym for ileocaecal valve ... The bilabial prominence of the terminal ileum into the large intestine at the caecocolic junction as seen in cadavers; in the living individual it appears as a truncated cone with a star-shaped orifice. ... Synonym: valva ileocaecalis, Bauhin's valve, ileocaecal eminence, ileocolic valve, Tulp's valve, Tulpius' valve, …
valva mitralisSynonym for mitral valve ... <anatomy, cardiology> The heart valve that divides the left atrium and left ventricle. During left atrial contraction, the mitral valve opens to allow blood to flow into the left ventricle. Upon closure, the mitral valve prohibits the regurgitation of blood back into the left atrium. The mitral valve is the only he …
valva tricuspidalisSynonym for tricuspid valve ... <anatomy> This heart valve, named for its three cusps (leaflets), divides the right atrium and the right ventricle. ... When the right atrium contracts blood flows through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. On closure, the tricuspid prohibits the backflow of blood into the right atrium. ... (19 Jan 1998 …
valva trunci pulmonalisSynonym for pulmonary valve ... <anatomy, cardiology> The heart valve that divides the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. The pulmonic valve opens when the right ventricle contracts allowing blood to flow into the pulmonary artery. The pulmonic valve on closure prohibits the backwash of unoxygenated blood into the right ventricle. The p …
valvarRelating to a valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvateDescribes sepals or petals in a bud which meet edge to edge, but don't overlap. ... Compare: imbricate. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
valveA device that controls the flow of a fluid through a pipe. ... One shell of a double shelled mollusc such as a clam or oyster. ... In botany terminology, a portion of an organ that has fragmented, of a capsule, the teeth like portions into which the dehiscing part of the pericarp splits at maturity. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
valve of coronary sinusA delicate fold of endocardium at the opening of the coronary sinus into the right atrium. ... Synonym: valvula sinus coronarii, coronary valve, thebesian valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valve of foramen ovaleA fold projecting into the left atrium from the margin of the foramen ovale in the foetus; when, with beginning inspiration, the blood pressure within the left atrium increases, the valve closes and its edges become adherent to the margin of the foramen ovale, occluding it. ... Synonym: valvula foraminis ovalis, falx septi, valve of oval foramen. …
valve of inferior vena cavaAn endocardial fold extending from the anterior inferior margin of the inferior vena cava to the anterior part of the limbus fossa ovalis. ... Synonym: valvula venae cavae inferioris, caval valve, eustachian valve, sylvian valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valve of navicular fossaA fold of mucous membrane sometimes found in the root of the navicular fossa of the urethra. ... Synonym: valvula fossae navicularis, Guerin's fold, Guerin's valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valve of oval foramenSynonym for valve of foramen ovale ... A fold projecting into the left atrium from the margin of the foramen ovale in the foetus; when, with beginning inspiration, the blood pressure within the left atrium increases, the valve closes and its edges become adherent to the margin of the foramen ovale, occluding it. ... Synonym: valvula foraminis ovalis, …
valve of pulmonary trunkSynonym for pulmonary valve ... <anatomy, cardiology> The heart valve that divides the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery. The pulmonic valve opens when the right ventricle contracts allowing blood to flow into the pulmonary artery. The pulmonic valve on closure prohibits the backwash of unoxygenated blood into the right ventricle. The p …
valve of VaroliusSynonym for ileocaecal valve ... The bilabial prominence of the terminal ileum into the large intestine at the caecocolic junction as seen in cadavers; in the living individual it appears as a truncated cone with a star-shaped orifice. ... Synonym: valva ileocaecalis, Bauhin's valve, ileocaecal eminence, ileocolic valve, Tulp's valve, Tulpius' valve, …
valve of vermiform appendixA fold of mucous membrane, simulating a valve, sometimes found at the origin of the vermiform appendix. ... Synonym: Gerlach's valve, valvula processus vermiformis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valve of VieussensA prominent valve in the great cardiac vein where it turns around the obtuse margin to become the coronary sinus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvelessWithout valves; denoting certain veins, such as the portal, that are not provided with valves as are most of the veins. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valviformValve-shaped. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvoplastySurgical reconstruction of a deformed cardiac valve, for the relief of stenosis or incompetence. ... Synonym: valvuloplasty. ... Origin: valve + G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvotomy1. Cutting through a stenosed cardiac valve to relieve the obstruction. ... Synonym: valvulotomy. ... 2. Incision of a valvular structure. ... Origin: valve + G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvotomy knifeA knife used in mitral or venous valvular surgery; also called valvulotome. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvula<anatomy> A small valve, once used in official nomenclature as a general term to designate a valve, such as in the heart, but in NA restricted to designation of a cusp of the aortic valve of the valve of the pulmonary trunk or the valves of the anus, foramen ovale, navicular fossa, coronary sinus, inferior vena cava or of the lymphatic vessel …
valvula bicuspidalisSynonym for mitral valve ... <anatomy, cardiology> The heart valve that divides the left atrium and left ventricle. During left atrial contraction, the mitral valve opens to allow blood to flow into the left ventricle. Upon closure, the mitral valve prohibits the regurgitation of blood back into the left atrium. The mitral valve is the only he …
valvula foraminis ovalisSynonym for valve of foramen ovale ... A fold projecting into the left atrium from the margin of the foramen ovale in the foetus; when, with beginning inspiration, the blood pressure within the left atrium increases, the valve closes and its edges become adherent to the margin of the foramen ovale, occluding it. ... Synonym: valvula foraminis ovalis, …
valvula fossae navicularisSynonym for valve of navicular fossa ... A fold of mucous membrane sometimes found in the root of the navicular fossa of the urethra. ... Synonym: valvula fossae navicularis, Guerin's fold, Guerin's valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvula lymphaticaSynonym for lymphatic valvule ... One of the delicate semilunar valves found in lymphatic vessels; they are usually paired and similar in structure to venous valves and occur at close intervals along the vessel wall. ... Synonym: valvula lymphatica. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvula processus vermiformisSynonym for valve of vermiform appendix ... A fold of mucous membrane, simulating a valve, sometimes found at the origin of the vermiform appendix. ... Synonym: Gerlach's valve, valvula processus vermiformis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvula pyloriSynonym for pyloric constriction ... A prominent fold of mucous membrane at the gastroduodenal junction overlying the pyloric sphincter. ... Synonym: pyloric valve, valvula pylori, valvulae pylori. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvula semilunarisSynonym for semilunar valve ... <anatomy, cardiology> Refers to a type of valve, aortic or pulmonic valves. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
valvula semilunaris tariniSynonym for inferior medullary velum ... A thin sheet of white matter, hidden by the cerebellar tonsil, attached along the peduncle of the flocculus and, at and near the midline, to the nodulus of the vermis; it is continuous caudally with the epithelial lamina and choroid plexus of the fourth ventricle. ... Synonym: velum medullare inferius, posteri …
valvula sinus coronariiSynonym for valve of coronary sinus ... A delicate fold of endocardium at the opening of the coronary sinus into the right atrium. ... Synonym: valvula sinus coronarii, coronary valve, thebesian valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvula spiralisSynonym for spiral fold of cystic duct ... A series of crescentic folds of mucous membrane in the upper part of the cystic duct, arranged in a somewhat spiral manner. ... Synonym: plica spiralis ductus cystici, Amussat's valve, Heister's valve, spiral valve of cystic duct, valvula spiralis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvula tricuspidalisSynonym for tricuspid valve ... <anatomy> This heart valve, named for its three cusps (leaflets), divides the right atrium and the right ventricle. ... When the right atrium contracts blood flows through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. On closure, the tricuspid prohibits the backflow of blood into the right atrium. ... (19 Jan 1998 …
valvula venae cavae inferiorisSynonym for valve of inferior vena cava ... An endocardial fold extending from the anterior inferior margin of the inferior vena cava to the anterior part of the limbus fossa ovalis. ... Synonym: valvula venae cavae inferioris, caval valve, eustachian valve, sylvian valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvula venosaIn the embryo, one of the pair of valves at the opening from the sinus venosus into the right atrium, ... Synonym: venous valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvula vestibuliAn obsolete term for valvula venosa. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvulae analesSynonym for anal valves ... Delicate crescent-shaped mucosal folds that pass between the lower ends of neighboring anal columns; the small pocket thus formed is an anal sinus. ... Synonym: valvulae anales, Morgagni's valves. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvulae conniventesSynonym for plicae circulares ... The numerous folds of the mucous membrane of the small intestine, running transversely for about two-thirds of the circumference of the gut. ... Synonym: circular folds, Kerckring's folds, Kerckring's valves, valvulae conniventes. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvulae pyloriSynonym for pyloric constriction ... A prominent fold of mucous membrane at the gastroduodenal junction overlying the pyloric sphincter. ... Synonym: pyloric valve, valvula pylori, valvulae pylori. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvular aortic stenosis<radiology> Secondary to fusion of commisures between cusps types: bicuspid/unicuspid (95%): in 1-2% of population; M>F; commonly associated with coarctation, tricuspid (5%), dysplastic thickened aortic cusps in infants with crtical aortic stenosis: may stimulate neonatal sepsis, associated with L-R shunts (atrial septal defect, VSD), mark …
valvular endocarditisInflammation confined to the endocardium of the valves. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvular heart diseaseA general term that applies to any abnormality of one of the heart valves, tricuspid, mitral, aortic or pulmonic valves. ... (27 Sep 1997) ...
valvular incompetenceSynonym for valvular regurgitation ... A leaky state of one or more of the cardiac valves, the valve not closing tightly and blood therefore regurgitating through it. ... Synonym: valvular incompetence, valvular insufficiency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvular insufficiencySynonym for valvular regurgitation ... A leaky state of one or more of the cardiac valves, the valve not closing tightly and blood therefore regurgitating through it. ... Synonym: valvular incompetence, valvular insufficiency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvular pneumothoraxSynonym for tension pneumothorax ... A variety of spontaneous pneumothorax in which air enters the pleural cavity and is trapped during expiration; intrathoracic pressure builds to values higher than atmospheric pressure, compresses the lung, and may displace the mediastinum and its structures toward the opposite side, with consequent disadvantageou …
valvular prolapseSynonym for click syndrome ... <syndrome> A syndrome, particularly of the atrioventricular valves, in which systole causes a sudden tensing of a scallop of a valve or an entire cusp producing the auscultatory click. ... Synonym: valvular prolapse. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvular regurgitationA leaky state of one or more of the cardiac valves, the valve not closing tightly and blood therefore regurgitating through it. ... Synonym: valvular incompetence, valvular insufficiency. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvular sclerosisFibrosis, often with calcification of valves, considered to be an aging change and not due to primary valvular disease. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvular thrombusA parietal thrombus that projects into the lumen of the vessel. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvulitisInflammation of a valve, especially a heart valve. ... Origin: Mod. L. Valvula, valve, + G. -itis, inflammation ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvuloplastySynonym for valvoplasty ... Surgical reconstruction of a deformed cardiac valve, for the relief of stenosis or incompetence. ... Synonym: valvuloplasty. ... Origin: valve + G. Plastos, formed ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvulotomeAn instrument for sectioning a valve. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valvulotomySynonym for valvotomy ... 1. Cutting through a stenosed cardiac valve to relieve the obstruction. ... Synonym: valvulotomy. ... 2. Incision of a valvular structure. ... Origin: valve + G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valylThe radical of valine. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
valyl proteinase<enzyme> A glycoprotein isolated from candida tropicalis; cleaves peptides at carboxyl group of valine residues; pH optimum between 8 and 9 ... Registry number: EC 3.4.99.- ... (26 Jun 1999) ...
vampAn acronym for a chemotherapy treatment made up of the drugs incristine, methopterin, ercaptopurine, and rednisone. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...
vampire1. A blood-sucking ghost; a soul of a dead person superstitiously believed to come from the grave and wander about by night sucking the blood of persons asleep, thus causing their death. This superstition is now prevalent in parts of Eastern Europe, and was especially current in Hungary about the year 1730. 'The persons who turn vampires are genera …
vanThe front of an army; the first line or leading column; also, the front line or foremost division of a fleet, either in sailing or in battle. 'Standards and gonfalons, twixt van and rear, Stream in the air.' (Milton) ... Origin: Abbrev. Fr. Vanguard. ... 1. A fan or other contrivance, as a sieve, for winnowing grain. ... 2. [OF. Vanne, F. Vanneau beam …
van Bogaert encephalitisSynonym for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis ... <neurology> Chronic progressive illness seen in children a few years after measles infection and involving demyelination of the cerebral cortex. Virus apparently persists in brain cells: usually considered a slow virus disease. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...
van Bogaert, Ludo<person> 20th century Belgian neurologist. ... See: Canavan-van Bogaert-Bertrand disease, van Bogaert encephalitis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...
