Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

The wordlist doesn't exist anymore, or, the website doesn't exist anymore. On this page you can find a copy of the original information. The information may have been taken offline because it is outdated.

Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

tunic
(too´nik) a covering or coat.

tunica
(too´nĭ-kә) Latin word meaning tunic or coat. In anatomy, it is used to designate a membranous covering of an organ or a distinct layer of the wall of a hollow structure, as a blood vessel.

tunica adventitia
(too´nĭ-kә ad″ven-tĭ´shә) the outer coat of various tubular structures.

tunica albuginea
(too´nĭ-kә al″bu-jin´e-ә) a dense white fibrous sheath that encloses a part or organ, such as the testicle or ovary.

tunica conjunctiva
(too´nĭ-kә kon″junk-ti´vә) the conjunctiva.

tunica dartos
(too´nĭ-kә dahr´tәs) dartos.

tunica externa
(too´nĭ-kә ek-stur´nә) an outer coat, such as the fibroelastic coat of a blood vessel.

tunica interna
(too´nĭ-kә in-tur´nә) an inner coat or layer.

tunica intima
(too´nĭ-kә in´ĭ-mә) the innermost coat of a blood vessel.

tunica media
(too´nĭ-kә me´de-ә) the muscular middle coat of a blood vessel.

tunica mucosa
(too´nĭ-kә mu-ko´sә) the mucous membrane lining of various tubular structures. Tunica mucosa lining the walls of the small intestine.

tunica muscularis
(too´nĭ-kә mus″cu-lar´is) the muscular coat or layer surrounding the tela submucosa in most portions of the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and genital tracts.

tunica propria
(too´nĭ-kә pro´pre-ә) the proper coat or layer of a part, as distinguished from an investing membrane.

tunica serosa
(too´nĭ-kә sēr-o´sә) the membrane lining the external walls of the body cavities and reflected over the surfaces of protruding organs; it secretes a watery exudate.

tunica vaginalis testis
(too´nĭ-kә vaj″ĭ-na´lis tes´tis) the serous membrane covering the front and sides of the testis and epididymis.

tunica vasculosa
(too´nĭ-kә vas″ku-lo´sә) a vascular coat, or a layer well supplied with blood vessels.

tuning fork tests
tests of hearing using a vibrating tuning fork of known frequency as a source of sound. See Bing test, Rinne test, Schwabach test, and Weber test.

tunnel
(tun´әl) a passageway of varying length through a solid body, completely enclosed except for the open ends, permitting entrance and exit. carpal tunnel the passage for the median nerve and the flexor tendons, formed by the flexor retinaculum and the carpal bones; see also carp...

tunnel disease
decompression sickness.

tunnel infection
subcutaneous infection of an artificial passage into the body that has been kept patent.

tunnel vision
that in which the visual field is severely constricted. When it is due to organic causes, such as retinitis pigmentosa or glaucoma, the visual field expands as it is tested at increasing distance from a constant object but when it is due to psychogenic disorders, such as conversion disorder or malingering, the field remai...

tunneled catheter
a central venous catheter left in place for a long period so that scar tissue forms and anchors it in place.

TUR syndrome
transurethral resection syndrome.

turban tumor
multiple cylindromas. multiple trichoepitheliomas.

turbid
(tur´bid) cloudy.

turbidimeter
(tur″bĭ-dim´ә-tәr) an instrument that measures the turbidity of a solution by measuring the loss of intensity of a beam of light in passing through the solution.

turbidimetry
(tur″bĭ-dim´ә-tre) the measurement of the turbidity of a liquid.

turbidity
(tәr-bid´ĭ-te) cloudiness of a solution caused by the scattering of light by colloidal particles or by suspended precipitate or sediment.

turbinal
(tur´bĭ-nәl) turbinate.

turbinal crest
(of maxilla) an oblique ridge on the maxilla, articulating with the nasal conchae. (of palatine bone) a horizontal ridge on the internal surface of the palatine bone.

turbinate
(tur´bĭ-nāt) shaped like a top; called also turbinal. a nasal concha.

turbinate bone
a nasal concha.

turbinectomy
(tur″bĭ-nek´tә-me) excision of a nasal concha (turbinate bone).

turbinotomy
(tur″bĭ-not´ә-me) incision of a nasal concha (turbinate bone); called also conchotomy.

turbulent flow
flow that is agitated or haphazard.

Turcot syndrome
(tēr-ko´) familial polyposis of the colon associated with malignant tumors of the central nervous system.

turgescence
(tәr-jes´әns) swelling.

turgescent
(tәr-jes´әnt) becoming swollen.

turgor
(tur´gәr) swelling or other distention. a condition of normal tension in a cell or group of cells; fullness. adj., tur´gid., adj. skin turgor a reflection of the skin's elasticity, measured by monitoring the time it takes for the skin of the forearm to return ...

turista
(too-rēs´tah) Mexican name for traveler's diarrhea.

turmschädel
(toorm´sha-dәl) a developmental anomaly in which the head is high and rounded, due to early synostosis of the three major sutures of the skull.

Turner sign
(tur´nәr) a gray-blue discoloration of the flanks, sometimes seen in acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis.

Turner syndrome
(tur´nәr) a syndrome of gonadal dysgenesis; affected persons are phenotypically female. Characteristics include short stature, undifferentiated (streak) gonads, and variable abnormalities that may include webbed neck, low posterior hair line, cubitus valgus, and cardiac defects. The genotype is XO (45,X) or X/XX o...

Turner tooth
hypoplasia of the enamel of a tooth, usually a permanent incisor of the upper jaw or a premolar of either the upper or the lower jaw; it is caused by local infection or trauma.

TURP
transurethral resection of the prostate.

turpentine oil
the volatile oil distilled from turpentine; its chief constituent is pinene, which is used in the synthetic production of camphor. It is used as a counterirritant and rubefacient.

turricephaly
(tur″ĭ-sef´ә-le) oxycephaly.

Turyn sign
in sciatica, if the patient's great toe is bent dorsally, pain will be felt in the gluteal region.

tussigenic
(tus″ĭ-jen´ik) causing cough.

tussis
(tus´is) Latin word meaning cough.

tussive
(tus´iv) pertaining to or due to a cough.

tussive syncope
a short fainting spell when a person coughs.

tutamen
(tu-ta´mәn) Latin word meaning protective covering or structure; a term used in anatomy.

Tween 80
(twēn) trademark for a preparation of polysorbate 80, a surfactant.

twelfth-year molar
the permanent second molar tooth, so called because it usually erupts at the age of 12 years.

twiddler's syndrome
(twid´lerz) the nervous habit of “twiddling” entry portals, thereby displacing an inserted catheter; it is usually associated with pacemaker insertion but has been reported following implantation of a venous access port.

twin peak sign
a sonographic sign of dichorionic twinning consisting of a triangular zone whose echotexture is similar to that of the placenta, wider at the chorionic surface of the placenta and tapering to a point within the intertwin membrane.

twin transfusion syndrome
twin–twin transfusion syndrome one caused by twin-to-twin transfusion; the donor twin is small, pale, and anemic, while the recipient is large and has an overloaded cardiovascular system with excessive blood cells. Twin transfusion syndrome characterized by arteriovenous shunt at a sh...

twin-to-twin transfusion
an intrauterine abnormality of fetal circulation in monozygotic twins, in which blood is shunted directly from one twin to the other.

twinning
(twin´ing) the production of symmetrical structures or parts by division. the simultaneous production of two or more offspring; see twin.

twisted hair
one that at spaced intervals is twisted through an axis of 180 degrees and flattened. See also pili torti.

twitch
(twich) a brief, contractile response of a skeletal muscle elicited by a single maximal volley of impulses in the neurons supplying it.

twitching
(twich´ing) the occurrence of a single contraction or a series of contractions of a muscle.

two step exercise test
Master “2-step” exercise test.

two-point gait
a gait using crutches in which the right foot and left crutch or cane are advanced together, and then the left foot and right crutch.

two-stage prothrombin test
two-stage prothrombin time test (for prothrombin) the quantity of prothrombin can be measured after tissue thromboplastin and excess factor V have converted it to thrombin, by determining the clotting time of a standard fibrinogen solution to which the previously generated thrombin has been added.

two-tailed test
a test analyzing a nondirectional hypothesis in which the researcher assumes that an extreme score can occur at either end of the sampling distribution.

two-way catheter
double-lumen catheter.

Twort-d'Herelle phenomenon
the phenomenon of transmissible bacterial lysis. When to a broth culture of typhoid or dysentery bacilli there is added a drop of filtered broth emulsion of the stool from a convalescent typhoid or dysentery patient, complete lysis of the bacterial culture will occur in a few hours. If a drop of this lysed culture is adde...

tylectomy
(ti-lek´tә-me) lumpectomy.

Tylenol
(ti´lә-nol) trademark for preparations of acetaminophen, an analgesic and antipyretic.

tylosis
(ti-lo´sis) callus formation. adj., tylot´ic., adj.

Tylox
(ti´loks) trademark for a combination preparation of oxycodone and acetaminophen, an opioid analgesic.

tyloxapol
(ti-lok´sә-pol) a nonionic liquid polymer used as a surfactant to aid liquefaction and removal of mucopurulent bronchopulmonary secretions; administered by inhalation.

tympanal
(tim´pә-nәl) tympanic.

tympanectomy
(tim″pә-nek´tә-me) excision of the tympanic membrane.

tympanic
(tim-pan´ik) bell-like; resonant. Called also tympanal and tympanitic. of or pertaining to the tympanic cavity.

tympanic antrum
mastoid antrum.

tympanic body
an ovoid body found in the adventitia of the upper part of the superior bulb of the internal jugular vein; its structure and presumably its function are similar to those of the carotid body.

tympanic bone
tympanic part of temporal bone.

tympanic canal of cochlea
scala tympani.

tympanic cavity
the major portion of the middle ear, consisting of a narrow air-filled cavity in the temporal bone that contains the auditory ossicles and communicates with the mastoid air cells and the mastoid antrum by means of the aditus and the nasopharynx by means of the auditory tube. The middle ear and the tympanic cavity were for...

tympanic cells
tympanic air cells spaces in the tympanic cavity between the bony projections of the floor or jugular wall; they sometimes communicate with the tubal air cells.

tympanic ganglion
an enlargement on the tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve.

tympanic membrane
(tim-pan´ik) a thin, oval, semitransparent membrane that stretches across the ear canal and separates the external acoustic meatus from the tympanic cavity of the middle ear. As a first step in the process of hearing, this membrane should vibrate freely when audible sound waves travel in from the outside. The handle of the ma...

tympanic membrane atelectasis
a complication of chronic serous otitis media in which the middle ear contains a viscous fluid and the tympanic membrane has become thin, atrophic, retracted, and adherent to middle ear structures; there is usually conductive hearing loss. Called also adhesive or atelectatic otitis media.

tympanic nerve
origin, inferior ganglion of glossopharyngeal nerve; branches, helps form tympanic plexus; distribution, mucous membrane of tympanic cavity, mastoid air cells, eustachian tube, and, via lesser petrosal nerve and otic ganglion, the parotid gland; modality, general sensory and parasympathetic.

tympanic notch
a defect in the upper tympanic part of the temporal bone, filled by the upper portion of the tympanic membrane. Called also Rivinus or tympanic incisure.

tympanic ostium
the opening of the eustachian tube on the wall of the tympanic cavity.

tympanic part of temporal bone
the part of the temporal bone forming the front wall and floor and part of the back wall of the external acoustic meatus. Called also tympanic bone.

tympanic plexus
a network of nerve fibers supplying the mucous lining of the tympanum, mastoid air cells, and pharyngotympanic tube.

tympanic resonance
tympanitic resonance (def. 2).

tympanic ring
the bony ring forming part of the temporal bone at birth and developing into the tympanic plate.

tympanic sinus
a deep recess on the medial wall of the middle ear.

tympanic thermometer
an electronic clinical thermometer that gives a digital reading in less than two seconds. Second-generation tympanic thermometers work by monitoring the temperature when the ear opening is sealed.

tympanic veins
small veins from the tympanic cavity that pass through the petrotympanic fissure, open into the plexus around the temporomandibular joint, and finally drain into the retromandibular vein.

tympanism
(tim´pә-niz-әm) tympanites.

tympanites
(tim″pә-ni´tēz) drumlike distention of the abdomen due to air or gas in the intestine or peritoneal cavity. adj., tympanit´ic., adj.

tympanitic
(tim″pә-nit´ik) pertaining to or affected with tympanites. tympanic (def. 2).

tympanitic resonance
the peculiar sound elicited by percussing a tympanitic abdomen. the drumlike reverberation of a cavity full of air; called also tympanic resonance.