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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

visceropannicular reflex
Contraction of the panniculus carnosus muscle in the cat and certain other animals, in response to a stimulus applied to an abdominal viscus; the centre for the reflex is in the spinal cord, the afferent pathway is the splanchnic nerves. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visceroparietal
Relating to the viscera and the wall of the abdomen. ... Origin: viscero-+ L. Paries, wall ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visceroperitoneal
Relating to the peritoneum and the abdominal viscera. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visceropleural
Relating to the pleural and the thoracic viscera. ... Synonym: pleurovisceral. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visceroptosis
The prolapse or downward displacement of the viscera. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

viscerosensory
Relating to the sensory innervation of internal organs. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

viscerosensory reflex
An area of pain or sensitivity to pressure in the external body wall due to disease of one of the viscera. ... See: Head's lines. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visceroskeleton
1. <anatomy> Any bony formation in an organ, as in the heart, tongue, or penis of certain animals; the term also includes, according to some anatomists, the cartilaginous rings of the trachea and bronchi. ... 2. That part of the skeleton connected with the sense organs and the viscera. The bony framework protecting the viscera, such as the rib …

viscerosomatic
Relating to the viscera and the body. ... Synonym: splanchnosomatic. ... Origin: viscero-+ G. Soma, body ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

viscerotome
An instrument by means of which a section of an organ, e.g., the liver, can be removed from a cadaver for examination without performing a general autopsy. ... Origin: viscero-+ G. Tomos, cutting ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

viscerotomy
<procedure> Dissection of the viscera by incision, especially postmortem. ... Origin: viscero-+ G. Tome, incision ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

viscerotonia
Personality traits of love of food, sociability, general relaxation, friendliness, and affection. ... Origin: viscero-+ G. Tonos, tone ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

viscerotrophic
Relating to any trophic change determined by visceral conditions. ... Origin: viscero-+ G. Trophe, nourishment ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

viscerotrophic reflex
A degenerative change in the skeletal soft tissues consequent upon a chronic inflammatory condition of any of the thoracic or abdominal viscera. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

viscerotropic
Affecting the viscera. ... Origin: L. Viscero internal organs, + G. Trope, a turning ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

viscid
Of a surface, sticky, coated with a thick, syrupy secretion. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

viscidity
Stickiness; adhesiveness. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

viscidosis
Synonym for cystic fibrosis ... <chest medicine> A generalised disorder of infants, children and young adults, in which there is widespread dysfunction of the exocrine glands, characterised by signs of chronic pulmonary disease (due to excess mucus production in the respiratory tract), pancreatic deficiency, abnormally high levels of electroly …

viscoelastic
<chemistry> Of substances or structures showing non-Newtonian viscous behaviour, i.e. Elastic and viscous properties are demonstrable in response to mechanical shear. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

viscoelastic retardation
A technique for the measurement of the molecular weight of large DNA molecules; the DNA is stretched by hydrodynamic shear forces and, when the molecules relax, the relaxation time is measured. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

viscoelasticity
The property of a viscous material that also shows elasticity. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

viscometer
Synonym for viscosimeter ... An apparatus for determining the viscosity of a fluid; in medicine, usually of the blood. ... Synonym: viscometer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

viscosimeter
An apparatus for determining the viscosity of a fluid; in medicine, usually of the blood. ... Synonym: viscometer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

viscosimetry
Determination of the viscosity of a fluid, such as the blood. ... Origin: viscosity + G. Metron, measure ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

viscosity
<chemistry> A physical property of fluids that determines the internal resistance to shear forces. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

viscotoxins
A class of phytotoxins that have a hypotensive activity and slow the heart beat. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

viscous
<chemistry> Of a liquid, not pouring freely, having the consistency of syrup or honey. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

viscous mechanical coupling
<cell biology> Method by which adjacent cilia are synchronised in a field. Coupling is through the transmission of mechanical forces, rather than of a synchronising signal. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

visibility acuity
The recognition of an object on a background of different character. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visibility, limit of
<microscopy> For the normal eye, the limit of visibility is considerably below the limits of resolution. It depends largely on contrast and intensity of illumination. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...

visible
1. Perceivable by the eye; capable of being seen; perceptible; in view; as, a visible star; the least spot is visible on white paper. 'Maker of heaven and earth, and of all things visible and invisible.' (Bk. Of Com. Prayer) 'Virtue made visible in outward grace.' (Young) ... 2. Noticeable; apparent; open; conspicuous. 'The factions at court were gr …

visible light
<physics> Electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths between 400 nanometres and 750 nanometres. Electromagnetic radiation within this range can be detected by the human eye. Colours depend on the wavelength lengths, a short wavelength (the 400 nm side) looks blue and a long wavelength (the 750 nm side) looks red. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

visible spectrum
That part of electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye; it extends from extreme red, 7606 A° (760.6 nm), to extreme violet, 3934 A° (393.4 nm). ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visile
1. An obsolete term denoting the type of mental imagery in which one recalls most readily that which has been seen. ... Compare: audile, motile. ... 2. A person with such mental imagery. ... Synonym: visual. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visinin
Synonym for recoverin ... <protein> Calcium binding protein containing 3 EF hand motifs. No longer thought to be activator of photoreceptor guanylate cyclase. Related to visinin, P26, 23 kD protein, s modulin, also to 21 kD CaBP and neurocalcin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

vision
1. <ophthalmology> The act or faculty of seeing, sight. ... 2. <psychiatry> An apparition, a subjective sensation of vision not elicited by actual visual stimuli. ... 3. Visual acuity, symbol V. ... Origin: L. Visio ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

vision disorders
Visual impairment limiting one or more of the basic functions of the eye: visual acuity, dark adaptation, colour vision, or peripheral vision. Visual disability refers to inability of the individual to perform specific visual tasks, such as reading, writing, orientation, or traveling unaided. It is to be differentiated from eye diseases which are r …

vision disparity
The difference between two images on the retina when looking at a visual stimulus. This occurs since the two retinas do not have the same view of the stimulus because of the location of our eyes. Thus the left eye does not get exactly the same view as the right eye. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vision screening
Application of tests and examinations to identify visual defects or vision disorders occurring in specific populations, as in school children, the elderly, etc. It is differentiated from vision tests, which are given to evaluate/measure individual visual performance not related to a specific population. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vision, binocular
The blending of separate images seen by each eye into one composite image. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vision, entoptic
Visual sensation due to shadows or optical effects of structures within the eye or to excitation of the receptor system by stimuli other than light. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vision, monocular
Vision with one eye or the affecting of one eye. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

vision, subnormal
Vision considered to be inferior to normal vision as represented by accepted standards of acuity, field of vision, or motility. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

visionary
1. Of or pertaining to a visions or visions; characterised by, appropriate to, or favorable for, visions. 'The visionary hour When musing midnight reigns.' (Thomson) ... 2. Affected by phantoms; disposed to receive impressions on the imagination; given to reverie; apt to receive, and act upon, fancies as if they were realities. 'Or lull to rest the …

visit
1. To go or come to see, as for the purpose of friendship, business, curiosity, etc.; to attend; to call upon; as, the physician visits his patient. ... 2. Specifically: To go or come to see for inspection, examination, correction of abuses, etc.; to examine, to inspect; as, a bishop visits his diocese; a superintendent visits persons or works under …

visitation
1. The act of visiting, or the state of being visited; access for inspection or examination. 'Nothing but peace and gentle visitation.' (Shak) ... 2. Specifically: The act of a superior or superintending officer who, in the discharge of his office, visits a corporation, college, etc, to examine into the manner in which it is conducted, and see that …

visiting nurse
Synonym for home health nurse ... A nurse who is responsible for a group of clients in the home setting. Visits clients on a routine basis to assist client and family with care as needed and to teach family the care needed so that the client may remain in his/her home. ... Synonym: visiting nurse. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visitors to patients
Patients' guests and rules for visiting. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

visna
Demyelinating leukoencephalomyelitis of sheep caused by the visna-maedi virus. It is similiar to but not the same as scrapie. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

Visna maedi virus
<virology> A retrovirus of sheep and goats. A member of the lentivirus subfamily related to HIV. ... First identified in Iceland when it was introduced by sheep imported from Germany and causes two diseases the most common, maedi, is a pulmonary infection (maedi is Icelandic for shortness of breath) and when it infects the nervous system, visn …

visna virus
<virology> A virus in the subfamily Lentivirinae which causes encephalitis andchronic pneumonitis in sheep. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

visna-maedi virus
A species of lentivirus, subgenus ovine-caprine lentiviruses (lentiviruses, ovine-caprine), that can cause chronic pneumonia (maedi), mastitis, arthritis, and encephalomyelitis (visna) in sheep. Maedi is a progressive pneumonia of sheep which is similar to but not the same as jaagsiekte (pulmonary adenomatosis, ovine). Visna is a demyelinating leuk …

visor
1. A part of a helmet, arranged so as to lift or open, and so show the face. The openings for seeing and breathing are generally in it. ... 2. A mask used to disfigure or disguise. 'My very visor began to assume life.' 'My weaker government since, makes you pull off the visor.' (Sir P. Sidney) ... 3. The fore piece of a cap, projecting over, and prot …

vista
Origin: It, sight, view, fr. Vedere, p. P. Visto, veduto, to see, fr. L. Videre, visum. See View, Vision. ... A view; especially, a view through or between intervening objects, as trees; a view or prospect through an avenue, or the like; hence, the trees or other objects that form the avenue. 'The finished garden to the view Its vistas opens, and it …

visual
Pertaining to vision or sight. ... Origin: L. Visualis, from videre = to see ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

visual acuity
<microscopy> The ability to detect fine details or small distances with the eye. Visual acuity can vary substantially depending on the definition used and method of measurement chosen. Under favourable conditions, the resolution of the human eye or ability to distinguish the twoness of adjoining lines, is about I minute of arc while the thres …

visual agnosia
The inability to recognise objects by sight; usually caused by bilateral parieto-occipital lesions. ... Synonym: optic agnosia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual angle
The angle formed at the retina by the meeting of lines drawn from the periphery of the object seen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual aphasia
<neurology> Loss of the ability to understand printed words or sentences ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

visual area
Synonym for visual cortex ... Area of the occipital lobe concerned with vision. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

visual axis
The straight line extending from the object seen, through the centre of the pupil, to the macula lutea of the retina. ... Synonym: line of vision. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual blackout
See: amaurosis fugax. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual cortex
Area of the occipital lobe concerned with vision. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

visual cycle
The transformation of carotenoids involved in the bleaching and regeneration of the visual pigment. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual efficiency
A rating used in computing compensation for industrial ocular injuries, incorporating measurements of central acuity, visual field, and ocular motility. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual evoked potential
Voltage fluctuations that may be recorded from the occipital area of the scalp as the result of retinal stimulation by a light flashing at 1/4-second intervals; commonly summated and averaged by computer. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual extinction
Synonym for pseudo-hemianopia ... A condition in which individual stimuli are seen correctly, but when the nasal visual field of one eye and the temporal visual field of the fellow eye are stimulated simultaneously, one field is blind. ... Synonym: visual extinction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual field
The area simultaneously visible to one eye without movement; often measured by means of a bowl perimeter located 330 mm from the eye. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual field test
<ophthalmology> A test which measures the extent of visual field loss. This test may be performed by a number of methods including confrontation, tangent screen exam and automated perimetry. ... Diseases that affect visual field include stroke, diabetes, hypertension, multiple sclerosis, glaucoma, hyperthyroidism, Jacob-Creutzfeldt disease and …

visual image
A collection of foci corresponding to all the luminous points of an object. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual orbicularis reflex
Contraction of the orbicularis oculi muscle caused by a sudden visual stimulus. ... See: wink reflex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual organ
The eye and its adnexa. ... Synonym: organum visus, organ of vision. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual pathway
Neural paths and connections within the central nervous system, beginning with the retina and terminating in the occipital cortex. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual perception
The selecting and organizing of visual stimuli based on the individual's past experience. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

visual pigments
The photopigments in the retinal cones and rods that absorb light and initiate the visual process. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual projection
A perceptual synthesis involving visual mechanisms. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual purple
Synonym for rhodopsin ... <protein> Light sensitive pigment formed from retinal linked through a Schiff's base to opsin: rhodopsin is an integral membrane protein found in the discs of retinal rods and cones, comprising some 40% of the membrane. Vertebrate opsins are proteins of 38 kD. ... See: bacteriorhodopsin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

visual receptor cells
The rod and cone cell's of the retina. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual threshold
Threshold of visual sensation, the minimal light intensity evoking a visual sensation. ... Synonym: achromatic threshold, minimum light threshold. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual violet
Synonym for iodopsin ... A visual pigment, composed of 11-cis-retinal bound to an opsin, found in the cones of the retina. ... Synonym: visual violet. ... Origin: G. Ion, violet, + ops, eye, + -in ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual yellow
Synonym for all-trans-retinal ... The orange retinaldehyde resulting from the action of light on the rhodopsin of the retina, which converts the 11-cis-retinal component of the rhodopsin to all-trans-retinal plus opsin. ... Synonym: trans-retinal, visual yellow. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visual-spatial agnosia
The inability to localise objects or to appreciate distance, motion, and spatial relationships; caused by lesion in the occipital lobe. ... Compare: simultanagnosia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visualise
To picture in the mind or to perceive; commonly misused by ascribing to the technique the act of making visible. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visually impaired persons
Persons with loss of vision such that there is an impact on activities of daily living. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

visuoauditory
Relating to both vision and hearing; denoting nerves connecting the centres for these senses. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visuognosis
Recognition and understanding of visual impressions. ... Origin: L. Visus, vision, + G. Gnosis, knowledge ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visuomotor
Denoting the ability to synchronise visual information with physical movement, e.g., driving a car or playing a video game of skill. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visuopsychic
Pertaining to the portion of the cerebral cortex concerned with the integration of visual impressions. ... Origin: L. Visus, vision, + G. Psyche, mind ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visuosensory
Pertaining to the perception of visual stimuli. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visuospatial
Denoting the ability to comprehend and conceptualise visual representations and spatial relationships in learning and performing a task. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

visuscope
<instrument> A modified ophthalmoscope that projects a black star on the patient's fundus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vita glass
A specially prepared glass that is transparent to ultraviolet rays of the spectrum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vital
1. Belonging or relating to life, either animal or vegetable; as, vital energies; vital functions; vital actions. ... 2. Contributing to life; necessary to, or supporting, life; as, vital blood. 'Do the heavens afford him vital food?' (Spenser) 'And vital virtue infused, and vital warmth.' (Milton) ... 3. Containing life; living. 'Spirits that live t …

vital capacity
<chest medicine, physiology> The volume of gas that can be expelled from the lungs from a position of full inspiration, with no limit to the duration of expiration, it is equal to the inspiratory capacity plus the expiratory reserve volume. ... (11 Nov 1997) ...

vital index
The ratio of births to deaths within a population during a given time. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vital knot
Synonym for noeud vital ... A circumscript region in the lower part of the medulla oblongata, near the apex of the calamus scriptorius, interpreted by M. Flourens (1858) as a nerve centre controlling respiration. ... Synonym: vital knot, vital node. ... Origin: Fr. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vital node
Synonym for noeud vital ... A circumscript region in the lower part of the medulla oblongata, near the apex of the calamus scriptorius, interpreted by M. Flourens (1858) as a nerve centre controlling respiration. ... Synonym: vital knot, vital node. ... Origin: Fr. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vital pulp
A pulp composed of viable tissue, either normal or diseased, that responds to electric stimuli and to heat and cold. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vital red
Trisodium salt of a sulfonated diazo dye (a ditolyl group diazotised to sulfonated aminonaphthalene residues), used as a vital stain. ... Synonym: brilliant vital red. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

vital signs
Manifestation of breathing, heartbeat, and sustained blood pressure. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...