Copy of `Dorland's Medical Dictionary`

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Dorland's Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 31/12/2010, USA Words: 39128

angina
(an-ji´nә) (an´jĭ-nә) spasmodic, choking, or suffocative pain; now used almost exclusively to denote angina pectoris. adj., an´ginal., adj.

angina cruris
(an-ji´nә kroo´ris) intermittent claudication.

angina herpetica
(an-ji´nә hәr-pet´ĭ-kә) herpangina

angina pectoris
(an-ji´nә pek´tә-ris) acute pain in the chest resulting from not enough blood reaching the heart muscle myocardial ischemia ; pain is usually brought on by physical activity or emotional stress when those things increase the need for blood to supply the heart muscle. Some patients can predict the kinds of ev...

anginoid
(an´jĭ-noid) resembling angina.

angioblast
(an´je-o-blast″) the earliest formative tissue from which blood cells and blood vessels arise. an individual vessel-forming cell. adj., angioblast´ic., adj.

angioblastoma
(an″je-o-blas-to´mә) hemangioblastoma. a blood vessel tumor arising from the meninges of the brain or spinal cord; called also angioblastic meningioma.

angiocardiogram
(an″je-o-kahr´de-o-gram) a radiograph made during cardiac catheterization or coronary arteriography.

angiocardiography
(an″je-o-kahr″de-og´rә-fe) a radiographic diagnostic study of the heart in which valves and vessels are examined via x-ray and fluoroscopy following the introduction of contrast media. See cardiac catheterization. equilibrium radionuclide angiocardiography a form o...

angiocardiokinetic
(an″je-o-kahr″de-o-kĭ-net´ik) pertaining to dilation and contraction of the heart and blood vessels.

angiocarditis
(an″je-o-kahr-di´tis) inflammation of the heart and blood vessels.

angiodermatitis
(an″je-o-dur″mә-ti´tis) inflammation of the vessels of the skin; when it is associated with arteriovenous fistula it is known as pseudo–Kaposi sarcoma.

angiodysplasia
(an″je-o-dis-pla´zhә) small vascular abnormalities, such as of the intestinal tract.

angioedema
(an″je-o-ә-de´mә) a localized edematous reaction of the deep dermis or subcutaneous or submucosal tissues appearing as giant wheals; urticaria is the same physiologic reaction occurring in the superficial portions of the dermis. hereditary angioedema C1 inhibitor deficie...

angioendothelioma
(an″je-o-en″do-the″le-o´mә) hemangioendothelioma.

angioendotheliomatosis
(an″je-o-en″do-the″le-o-mә-to´sis) intravascular proliferation of tumors derived from endothelial cells; there are both benign and malignant varieties.

angiofibroma
(an″je-o-fi-bro´mә) an angioma containing fibrous tissue. juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma a benign tumor of the nasopharynx composed of fibrous connective tissue with abundant endothelium-lined vascular spaces, usually occurring during puberty in boys. Nasal obst...

angiofollicular
(an″je-o-fŏ-lik´u-lәr) pertaining to a lymphoid follicle and its blood vessels.

angiogenesis
(an″je-o-jen´ә-sis) development of blood vessels in the embryo. any formation of new blood vessels; see also neovascularization (def. 2) and revascularization. Called also angiopoiesis and vasculogenesis. adj., angiogenic., adj. tumor angiogenesis the in...

angiogenesis factor
a substance that causes the growth of new blood vessels, found in tissues with high metabolic requirements such as cancers and the retina. It is also released by hypoxic macrophages at the edges or outer surface of a wound and initiates revascularization in wound healing.

angiogenesis inhibitor
any of a group of drugs that prevent neovascularization of solid tumors.

angiogram
(an´je-o-gram″) a radiograph of a blood vessel.

angiogranuloma
(an″je-o-gran″u-lo´mә) an angioma containing granulation tissue, which represents a vasoproliferative inflammatory response. When the epithelial surface is ulcerated and suppuration is evident, the lesion is referred to as pyogenic granuloma.

angiographic catheter
one through which a contrast medium is injected for visualization of the vascular system of an organ. Such catheters may have preformed ends to facilitate selective locating (as in a renal or coronary vessel) from a remote entry site. They may be named according to the site of entry and destination, such as femoral-renal ...

angiography
(an″je-og´rә-fe) radiography of vessels of the body after injection of contrast material; see also arteriography, lymphangiography, and phlebography. Called also vasography. digital subtraction angiography radiographic visualization of blood vessels, with images produced by su...

angiohemophilia
(an″je-o-he´mo-fil´e-ә) von Willebrand disease.

angiohyalinosis
(an″je-o-hi″ә-lĭ-no´sis) hyaline degeneration of the walls of blood vessels.

angioid
(an´je-oid) resembling blood vessels.

angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy
angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinemia(AILD) a systemic disorder resembling lymphoma, characterized by fever, night sweats, weight loss, generalized lymphadenopathy, enlarged liver and spleen, a rash, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, and Coombs'-positive hemolytic anemia. It is considered to be a...

angiokeratoma
(an″je-o-ker″ә-to´mә) a dermatosis marked by telangiectasia with secondary epithelial changes, including acanthosis and hyperkeratosis.

angiokinetic
(an″je-o-kĭ-net´ik) vasomotor.

angioleiomyoma
(an″je-o-li″o-mi-o´mә) a leiomyoma arising from vascular smooth muscle, usually a solitary, nodular, sometimes painful, tumor on the lower limb in middle-aged women; it is often more deeply situated than ordinary leiomyoma and is usually subcutaneous.

angiolipoma
(an″je-o-lĭ-po´mә) an often painful lipoma containing clusters of thin-walled proliferating blood vessels.

angiolithic degeneration
degeneration with mineral deposits and hyaline changes in the coats of the vessels.

angiology
(an″je-ol´ә-je) scientific study or description of the blood and lymph vessels.

angiolysis
(an″je-ol´ĭ-sis) retrogression or obliteration of blood vessels, as in embryologic development.

angioma
(an″je-o´mә) a benign tumor made up of blood vessels (hemangioma) or lymph vessels (lymphangioma) adj., angiom´atous., adj.

angioma cavernosum
(an-je-o´mә kav″әr-no´sәm) cavernous hemangioma.

angioma serpiginosum
(an-je-o´mә sәr-pij″i-no´sәm) a skin disease marked by tiny red vascular points arranged in rings on the skin.

angiomatosis
(an″je-o-mә-to´sis) the presence of multiple angiomas. encephalofacial angiomatosis , encephalotrigeminal angiomatosis Sturge-Weber syndrome. angiomatosis of retina diseased retinal blood vessels with subretinal hemorrhages.

angiomegaly
(an″je-o-meg´ә-le) enlargement of blood vessels, especially a condition of the eyelid marked by great increase in its volume.

angiomyolipoma
(an″je-o-mi″o-lĭ-po´mә) a benign tumor containing vascular, adipose, and muscle elements, occurring most often in the kidney with smooth muscle elements.

angiomyoma
(an″je-o-mi-o´mә) angioleiomyoma.

angiomyosarcoma
(an″je-o-mi″o-sahr-ko´mә) angioma blended with myoma and sarcoma.

angioneurectomy
(an″je-o-ndbobr-rek´tә-me) surgical excision of vessels and nerves.

angioneuropathy
(an″je-o-noodbobr-rop´ә-the) any neuropathy affecting primarily the blood vessels; a disorder of the vasomotor system, as angiospasm or angioparalysis. adj., angioneuropath´ic., adj.

angioneurotic edema
angioedema.

angioparalysis
(an″je-o-pә-ral´ә-sis) paralysis of blood vessel walls.

angiopathic neuropathy
that caused by arteritis of the blood vessels supplying the nerves, usually a systemic complication of disease.

angiopathy
(an-je-op´ә-the) any disease of the blood vessels or lymphatics.

angioplasty
(an´je-o-plas″te) an angiographic procedure for elimination of areas of narrowing in blood vessels. balloon angioplasty angioplasty in which a balloon catheter is inflated inside an artery, stretching the intima and leaving a ragged interior surface after deflation, which triggers ...

angiopoiesis
(an″je-o-poi-e´sis) angiogenesis. adj., angiopoiet´ic., adj.

angiorrhaphy
(an″je-or´ә-fe) suture of a blood vessel.

angiosarcoma
(an″je-o-sahr-ko´mә) a malignant neoplasm arising from vascular endothelial cells; the term may be used generally or may denote a specific histologic subtype, usually hemangiosarcoma but sometimes lymphangiosarcoma or hemangiopericytoma. hepatic angiosarcoma a malignant ...

angiosclerosis
(an″je-o-sklĕ-ro´sis) hardening of the walls of blood vessels.

angioscope
(an´je-o-skōp″) a fiberoptic catheter for viewing the inside of a blood vessel. a microscope for observing capillary blood vessels.

angioscopy
(an″ge-os´kә-pe) use of a fiberoptic angioscope to visualize the lumen of a blood vessel. visualization of capillary blood vessels with a special microscope (angioscope).

angioscotoma
(an″je-o-sko-to´mә) a defect in the visual field caused by the shadow of the retinal blood vessels.

angiospasm
(an´je-o-spaz″әm) vasospasm. adj., angiospas´tic., adj.

angiostrongyliasis
(an″je-o-stron″jĭ-li´ә-sis) infection by nematodes of the genus Angiostrongylus.

Angiostrongylus
(an″je-o-stron´jĭ-lәs) a genus of nematode parasites. A. cantonen´sis has been reported in cases of human meningoencephalitis in the Pacific and eastern Asia. A. vaso´rum parasitizes the pulmonary arteries of dogs.

angiotelectasis
(an″je-o-tә-lek´tә-sis) pl. angiotelec´tases dilation of minute arteries or veins.

angiotensin
(ACE) (an″je-o-ten´sin) a vasoconstrictive substance formed in the blood when renin is released from the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the kidney. The enzymatic action of renin acts on angiotensinogen to form the decapeptide angiotensin I, which is relatively inactive. It in turn is acted upon by p...

angiotensinogen
(an″je-o-ten-sin´o-jen) a serum α2-globulin secreted in the liver which, on hydrolysis by renin, gives rise to angiotensin.

angiotomy
(an″je-ot´ә-me) incision of a blood vessel or lymphatic channel.

angiotonic
(an″je-o-ton´ik) increasing vascular tension.

angiotrophic
(an″je-o-tro´fik) vasotrophic.

angle
(ang´gәl) the point at which two intersecting borders or surfaces converge. Scapula, showing the lateral, superior, and inferior angles. the space or figure formed by two diverging lines, measured as the number of degrees one would have to be moved to coincide w...

Angle classification
(ang´gәl) a classification of dental malocclusion based on mesiodistal (anteroposterior) position of the mandibular dental arch and teeth relative to the maxillary dental arch and teeth.

angle of anterior chamber of eye
the angle formed at the border of the anterior chamber by the trabecular reticulum, the ciliary body, and the part of the iris attached to the ciliary body.

angle of iris
iridocorneal angle.

angle of jaw
the junction of the lower edge with the posterior edge of the lower jaw.

angle of pubis
that between the pubic bones at the symphysis.

angle-closure glaucoma
glaucoma in which the angle of the anterior chamber is narrowed or completely closed because of forward displacement of the final roll and root of the iris against the cornea. The closure obstructs the flow of aqueous humor from the eyeball, leading to a buildup of pressure. Stages include latent (with few symptoms); intermittent (wi...

angry back syndrome
excited skin syndrome.

angstrom
(Å) (ang´strәm) a unit of length used for atomic dimensions and light wavelengths; it is nominally equivalent to 10−10 meter.

Angström unit
angstrom.

angular artery
origin, facial artery; branches, none; distribution, lacrimal sac, lower eyelid, nose.

angular gyrus
one continuous anteriorly with the supramarginal gyrus.

angular gyrus syndrome
a syndrome resulting from an infarction or other lesion of the angular gyrus on the dominant side; symptoms may include alexia or agraphia or may feature the symptoms of Gerstmann syndrome.

angular stomatitis
superficial erosions and fissuring at the angles of the mouth; it may occur in riboflavin deficiency and in pellagra or result from overclosure of the jaws in denture wearers. Called also perlèche.

angular vein
a short vein between the eye and the root of the nose; it is formed by union of the supratrochlear and supraorbital veins and continues inferiorly as the facial vein.

angulation
(ang″gu-la´shәn) formation of a sharp obstructive angle as in the intestine, the ureter, or similar tubes. deviation from a straight line, as in a poorly set bone.

angulus
(ang´gu-lәs) pl. an´guli Latin word meaning angle; used in names of anatomic structures or landmarks.

anhedonia
(an″he-do´ne-ә) inability to enjoy what is usually pleasurable.

anhematopoietic anemia
aplastic anemia.

anhidrosis
(an″hĭ-dro´sis) (an″hi-dro´sis) absence of sweating.

anhidrotic
(an″hĭ-drot´ik) pertaining to anhidrosis. antiperspirant.

anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia
a congenital X-linked disorder fully expressed in males, or rarely as an autosomal recessive trait with full expression in both sexes, characterized by ectodermal dysplasia associated with aplasia or hypoplasia of the sweat glands, hypothermia, alopecia, missing or conical teeth, and typical facies with frontal bossing, m...

anhydrase
(an-hi´drās) an enzyme that catalyzes the removal of water from a compound. carbonic anhydrase an enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of carbonic acid into carbon dioxide and water, facilitating transfer of carbon dioxide from tissues to blood and from blood to alveolar ...

anhydremia
(an″hi-dre´me-ә) diminution of the fluid content of the blood; see also dehydration and hypovolemia.

anhydride
(an-hi´drīd) a compound derived from a substance, usually an acid, by removal of a molecule of water.

anhydrous
(an-hi´drәs) containing no water.

Anichkov (Anitschkow) cell
a plump modified macrophage found in the Aschoff bodies, inflammatory lesions of the heart characteristic of rheumatic fever; they contain round to ovoid nuclei with a central, slender, caterpillarlike ribbon of chromatin.

anicteric hepatitis
viral hepatitis without jaundice, a type seem mainly in infants and young children, usually with mild symptoms.

anideus
(ә-nid´e-әs) a parasitic fetus consisting of a shapeless mass of flesh.

anileridine
(an″ĭ-ler´ĭ-dēn) a synthetic opioid analgesic used for the relief of moderate to severe pain, as premedication for general anesthesia, as a postoperative sedative, and as an obstetric analgesic; administered orally or parenterally. Abuse of this drug may lead to dependence.

aniline
(an´ĭ-lin) an oily liquid from coal tar and indigo or prepared by reducing nitrobenzene; the parent substance of colors or dyes derived from coal tar. Aniline and its derivatives are an important cause of serious industrial poisoning. Household items such as indelible ink, shoe dye, and some wax crayons have ...

anilingus
(a″nĭ-ling´gәs) sexual stimulation of the anus with the lips or tongue.

anilism
(an´ĭ-liz-әm) aniline poisoning.