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mondofacto - Online Medical Dictionary Category: Health and Medicine > Medical Dictionary Date & country: 26/01/2008, UK Words: 116197

unbending
1. Not bending; not suffering flexure; not yielding to pressure; stiff; applied to material things. 'Flies o'er unbending corn, and skims along the main.' (Pope) ... 2. Unyielding in will; not subject to persuasion or influence; inflexible; resolute; applied to persons. ... 3. Unyielding in nature; unchangeable; fixed; applied to abstract ideas; as, …

unc 6
<molecular biology> Gene identified in studies of neuronal development of the worm, Caenorhabditis elegans. Homologous to netrin. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

uncal
Denoting or relating to the uncus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

uncal herniation
<neurology> A condition that occurs when the brain is under abnormally increased pressure. ... The increased intracranial pressure forces the brain downward inside the skull. This results in typical neurologic manifestations (coma, paralysis and a unilateral dilated pupil). May occur secondary to head injury, primary or metastatic brain tumour …

uncertain
1. Not certain; not having certain knowledge; not assured in mind; distrustful. 'Man, without the protection of a superior Being, . . . Is uncertain of everything that he hopes for.' (Tillotson) ... 2. Irresolute; inconsonant; variable; untrustworthy; as, an uncertain person; an uncertain breeze. 'O woman! in our hours of ease, Uncertain, coy, and h …

unci
Plural of uncus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

unciform bone
Synonym for hamate bone ... The bone on the medial (ulnar) side of the distal row of the carpus; it articulates with the fourth and fifth metacarpal, triquetral, lunate, and capitate. ... Synonym: os hamatum, hamatum, hooked bone, unciform bone, unciforme, uncinatum. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

unciform fasciculus
A band of long association fibres reciprocally connecting the frontal and temporal lobes of the cerebrum, running caudally through the white matter of the frontal lobe, sharply curving ventrally under the stem of the sylvian fissure, and then fanning out to the cortex of the anterior half of the superior and middle temporal gyri. ... Synonym: fascic …

unciforme
Synonym: hamate bone. ... Origin: Mod. L. Unciform ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Uncinaria
A genus of nematode hookworms that infect various mammals. Species include Uncinaria stenocephala, the European hookworm of dogs, cats, and various wild carnivores, also found in North America, where it is much less common than Ancylostoma caninum, though it has been implicated in human cutaneous larva migrans. ... Origin: LL. Uncinus, a hook ... (05 …

uncinariasis
Synonym for ancylostomiasis ... Infection of humans or animals with hookworms of the genus ancylostoma. Characteristics include anaemia, dyspepsia, eosinophilia, and abdominal swelling. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

uncinate
Terminating in a hooked point. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

uncinate attack
Synonym for uncinate epilepsy ... A form of psychomotor epilepsy or complex partial seizure initiated by a dreamy state and hallucinations of smell and taste, usually the result of a medial temporal lesion. ... Synonym: uncinate attack. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

uncinate bundle of Russell
Fastigial efferent fibres that cross with the cerebellum and descend over the lateral surface of the superior cerebellar peduncle; these fibres largely terminate in the vestibular nuclei and the reticular formation of the pons and medulla. ... Synonym: hooked bundle of Russell, uncinate fasciculus of Russell. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

uncinate epilepsy
A form of psychomotor epilepsy or complex partial seizure initiated by a dreamy state and hallucinations of smell and taste, usually the result of a medial temporal lesion. ... Synonym: uncinate attack. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

uncinate fasciculus of Russell
Synonym for uncinate bundle of Russell ... Fastigial efferent fibres that cross with the cerebellum and descend over the lateral surface of the superior cerebellar peduncle; these fibres largely terminate in the vestibular nuclei and the reticular formation of the pons and medulla. ... Synonym: hooked bundle of Russell, uncinate fasciculus of Russell …

uncinate fit
Synonym for temporal lobe epilepsy ... Seizures with elaborate and multiple sensory, motor, and/or psychic components. A common feature is the clouding of consciousness and amnesia for the event. Some clinical manifestations may include more complex behaviours like burst of anger, emotional outbursts, fear or automatisms. The EEG often reveals spike …

uncinate pancreas
Synonym for uncinate process of pancreas ... A portion of the head of the pancreas that hooks around posterior to the superior mesenteric vessels, sometimes into the 'nutcracker' formed by the superior mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta. ... Synonym: processus uncinatus pancreatis, lesser pancreas, pancreas minus, small pancreas, uncinate pancreas …

uncinate process of ethmoid bone
A sickle-shaped process of bone on the medial wall of the ethmoidal labyrinth below the middle concha; it articulates with the ethmoidal process of the inferior concha and partly closes the orifice of the maxillary sinus. ... Synonym: processus uncinatus ossis ethmoidalis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

uncinate process of pancreas
A portion of the head of the pancreas that hooks around posterior to the superior mesenteric vessels, sometimes into the 'nutcracker' formed by the superior mesenteric artery and abdominal aorta. ... Synonym: processus uncinatus pancreatis, lesser pancreas, pancreas minus, small pancreas, uncinate pancreas, unciform pancreas, Willis' pancreas, Winsl …

uncipressure
Arrest of haemorrhage from a cut artery by pressure with a blunt hook. ... Origin: L. Uncus, hook ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

unclean
1. Not clean; foul; dirty; filthy. ... 2. Ceremonially impure; needing ritual cleansing. 'He that toucheth the dead body of any man shall be unclean seven days.' (Num. Xix. 11) ... 3. Morally impure. 'Adultery of the heart, consisting of inordinate and unclean affections.' Unclean'ly, Unclean'ness, Unclean animals, a wicked spirit; a demon. ... Origin …

unco-ossified
Not co-ossified; not united into one bone. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

uncoating
<molecular biology, virology> Releasing viral nucleic acid from a virus or exposing the interior of a virus enough to facilitate replication by stripping away the outer layers of the viral coat. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

uncompensated acidosis
An acidosis in which the pH of body fluids is subnormal, because restoration of normal acid-base balance is not possible or has not yet been achieved. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

uncompensated alkalosis
Alkalosis in which the pH of body fluids is elevated because of lack of the compensatory mechanisms of compensated alkalosis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

uncompensated care
Medical services for which no payment is received. Uncompensated care includes charity care and bad debts. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

uncompetitive inhibition
An inhibitory effect on a metabolic function, such as an enzyme, not based on competition for the binding site of the naturally occurring substrate, but on a different effect on the molecule whose function is being inhibited. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

uncomplemented
Not united with complement and therefore inactive. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

unconditioned
1. Not conditioned or subject to conditions; unconditional. ... 2. <psychology> Not subject to condition or limitations; infinite; absolute; hence, inconceivable; incogitable. ... <psychology> The unconditioned, all that which is inconceivable and beyond the realm of reason; whatever is inconceivable under logical forms or relations. ... S …

unconditioned reflex
An instinctive reflex not dependent on previous learning or experience. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

unconditioned response
A response, such as salivation, which is a part of the animal or human repertoire. ... Compare: conditioned response. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

unconditioned stimulus
A stimulus that elicits an unconditioned response; e.g., food is an unconditioned stimulus for salivation, which in turn is an unconditioned response in a hungry animal. ... See: classical conditioning. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

unconformity
1. Want of conformity; incongruity; inconsistency. ... 2. <geology> Want of parallelism between strata in contact. ... With some authors unconformity is equivalent to unconformability; but it is often used more broadly, for example, to include the case when the parallelism of strata once conformable has been disturbed by faulting and the like.< …

unconjugated benign bilirubinaemia
<gastroenterology> An inherited disorder that affects the way bilirubin in handled by the liver. Thought to be due to an inborn error of bilirubin metabolism. ... Symptoms include mild jaundice, weakness, fatigue, nausea and abdominal pain. ... Origin: Gr. Haima = blood ... (27 Sep 1997) ...

unconjugated bilirubin
<biochemistry> Free bilirubin that has not been attached to a glucuronide molecule. ... This results from the rapid breakdown of red blood cells. The haemoglobin molecule is normally converted to bilirubin. ... Greater than normal values of indirect bilirubin can be seen in erythroblastosis foetalis, haemolytic anaemia, sickle cell anaemia, tra …

unconscious
1. Not conscious. ... 2. In psychoanalysis, the psychic structure comprising the drives and feelings of which one is unaware. ... Synonym: insensible. ... Collective unconscious, in Jungian psychology, the combined engrams or memory potentials inherited from an individual's phylogenetic past. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

unconscious (psychology)
Those forces and content of the mind which are not ordinarily available to conscious awareness or to immediate recall. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

unconscious homosexuality
Synonym for latent homosexuality ... An erotic inclination toward members of the same sex not consciously experienced or expressed in overt action, as opposed to overt homosexuality Use of this term is disappearing because of both its potentially iatrogenic effect and the inability to validate the phenomenon by techniques outside of psychoanalytic t …

unconsciousness
A physiological state in which the patient is incapable of responding to usual environmental stimuli; it is an imprecise term but usually refers to impairment of consciousness less profound than coma, in which no response can be elicited even at the reflex level. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

unconsolidated parent material
<ecology> Material from which a soil develops. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

uncoupler
<biochemistry> An agent that can uncouple electron transport from oxidative phosphorylation. Ionophores can do this by discharging the ion gradient across the mitochondrial membrane that is generated by electron transport. ... In general the term applies to any agent capable of dissociating two linked processes. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

uncouplers
Substances such as dinitrophenol that allow oxidation in mitochondria to proceed without the usual concomitant phosphorylation to produce ATP; these poisons thus 'uncouple' oxidation and phosphorylation. ... Synonym: uncoupling factors. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

uncoupling agent
<chemistry> A chemical that breaks the electron transport chain during key biological processes (for example, photosynthesis, phosphorylation). ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

uncoupling agents
Chemical agents that uncouple oxidation from phosphorylation in the metabolic cycle so that ATP synthesis does not occur. Included here are those ionophores that disrupt electron transfer by short-circuiting the proton gradient across mitochondrial membranes. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

uncoupling factors
Synonym for uncouplers ... Substances such as dinitrophenol that allow oxidation in mitochondria to proceed without the usual concomitant phosphorylation to produce ATP; these poisons thus 'uncouple' oxidation and phosphorylation. ... Synonym: uncoupling factors. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

uncovenanted
1. Not covenanted; not granted or entered into under a covenant, agreement, or contract. ... 2. Not having joined in a league, or assented to a covenant or agreement, as to the Solemn League and Covenant of the Scottish people in the times of the Stuarts. 'In Scotland a few fanatical nonjurors may have grudged their allegiance to an uncovenanted kin …

uncovertebral
Pertaining to or affecting the uncinate process of a vertebra. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

uncovertebral joints
Small synovial joint's between adjacent lateral lips of the bodies of the lower cervical vertebrae. ... Synonym: Luschka's joints. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

uncrossed diplopia
Synonym for homonymous images ... Double image's produced by stimuli arising from points proximal to the horopter. ... Synonym: homonymous diplopia, simple diplopia, uncrossed diplopia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

unction
1. The act of anointing, smearing, or rubbing with an unguent, oil, or ointment, especially for medical purposes, or as a symbol of consecration; as, mercurial unction. 'To be heir, and to be king By sacred unction, thy deserved right.' (Milton) ... 2. That which is used for anointing; an unguent; an ointment; hence, anything soothing or lenitive. ' …

unctuous
Greasy or oily. ... Origin: L. Unctuosus, fr. Unctio, unction ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

uncture
Synonym for ointment ... An ointment has an oil base whereas a cream is water-soluble. (the word ointment comes from the latin ungere meaning anoint with oil). ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

uncus band of Giacomini
A slender whitish band, the attenuated anterior continuation of the dentate gyrus (fascia dentata), crossing transversally the surface of the recurved part of the uncus gyri parahippocampalis. ... Synonym: band of Giacomini, cauda fasciae dentatae, frenulum of Giacomini, tail of dentate gyrus. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undecenoic acid
Synonym for undecylenic acid ... CH2CH(CH2)8COOH;an acid present in small amounts in sweat; used with its zinc salt in ointments, or as a powder in the treatment of fungus diseases of the skin, psoriasis, and certain other cutaneous affections. ... Synonym: undecenoic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undecoylium chloride
Acylcolaminoformylmethylpyridinium chloride;a topical antiseptic. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undecoylium chloride-iodine
A complex of iodine with undecoylium chloride; a cationic detergent used topically as a germicidal agent. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undecylenate
A salt of undecylenic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undecylenic acid
CH2CH(CH2)8COOH;an acid present in small amounts in sweat; used with its zinc salt in ointments, or as a powder in the treatment of fungus diseases of the skin, psoriasis, and certain other cutaneous affections. ... Synonym: undecenoic acid. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

under
In a lower, subject, or subordinate condition; in subjection; used chiefly in a few idiomatic phrases; as, to bring under, to reduce to subjection; to subdue; to keep under, to keep in subjection; to control; to go under, to be unsuccessful; to fail. 'I keep under my body, and bring it into subjection.' (1 Cor. Ix. 27) 'The minstrel fell, but the f …

underachievement
Performance, usually in school work, poorer than that predicted from aptitude and/or intelligence testing. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

underachiever
One who manifests underachievement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

underbite
A nontechnical term applied to mandibular underdevelopment or to excessive maxillary development. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undercut
1. That portion of a tooth that lies between the survey line (height of contour) and the gingivae. ... 2. The contour of a cross-section of a residual ridge or dental arch which would prevent the insertion of a denture. ... 3. The contour of a flasking stone which interlocks in such a way as to prevent the separation of the parts. ... (05 Mar 2000) …

undercut gauge
A device, used with a surveyor, to precisely locate areas for the placement of the retentive components of clasps when designing removable partial dentures. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

underdrive pacing
Electrical stimulation of the heart at a rate lower than that of an existing tachycardia; designed to capture the heart between beats, i.e., to interrupt a reentry pathway in order to terminate the tachycardia. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undergo
1. To go or move below or under. ... 2. To be subjected to; to bear up against; to pass through; to endure; to suffer; to sustain; as, to undergo toil and fatigue; to undergo pain, grief, or anxiety; to undergothe operation of amputation; food in the stomach undergoes the process of digestion. 'Certain to undergo like doom.' (Milton) ... 3. To be the …

underlapping
<cell culture> Possible outcome of collision between two cells in culture, particularly head side collision: one cell crawls underneath the other, retaining contact with the substratum and obtaining traction from contact with the rigid substratum (unlike overlapping, where traction must be gained on the dorsal surface of the other cell). ... ( …

underlay
<chemical> To incline from the vertical; to hade; said of a vein, fault, or lode. ... 1. <chemical> The inclination of a vein, fault, or lode from the vertical; a hade; called also underlie. ... 2. A thickness of paper, pasteboard, or the like, placed under a cut, or stereotype plate, or under type, in the from, to bring it, or any part o …

undermining ulcer
A chronic cutaneous ulcer with overhanging margins; due to haemolytic streptococci or other bacteria. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undernutrition
A form of malnutrition resulting from a reduced supply of food or from inability to digest, assimilate, and utilise the necessary nutrients. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undersensing
Non-sensing of the intracardiac atrial or ventricular depolarisation signal by a pacemaker. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undershoot
A temporary decrease below the final steady-state value that may occur immediately following the removal of an influence that had been raising that value, i.e., overshoot in a negative direction. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

understain
<technique> To stain less deeply than usual. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

understory
The trees and other woody species growing under a relatively continuous cover of branches and foliage formed by the overstory trees. ... (05 Dec 1998) ...

underventilation
Synonym for hypoventilation ... A state in which there is a reduced amount of air entering the pulmonary alveoli. ... (18 Nov 1997) ...

underwinding
The effect of negative supercoiling on a structure of DNA. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

Underwood's disease
Synonym for sclerema neonatorum ... A severe, sometimes fatal, disorder of adipose tissue occurring chiefly in preterm or debilitated infants suffering from an underlying illness and manifested by a diffuse, nonpitting induration of the affected tissue. The skin becomes cold, yellowish, mottled, and inflexible. ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

undescended testis
A testis that has failed to descend into the scrotum; there are palpable and unpalpable (impalpable) variants. ... Synonym: cryptorchid testis. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undetermined nitrogen
The nitrogen of blood, urine, etc., other than urea, uric acid, amino acids, etc., that can be directly estimated; in blood it amounts to about 25 mg per 100 ml. ... Urea nitrogen, the portion of nitrogen in a biological sample, such as blood or urine, that derives from its content of urea. ... See: blood urea nitrogen. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undifferentiated
<embryology, pathology> An immature, embryonic or primitive cell. It has a non-specific appearance with multiple non-specific activities and functions poorly. ... See: differentiate, dedifferentiate. ... (16 Dec 1997) ...

undifferentiated cell
A primitive cell that has not assumed the morphologic and functional characteristics it will later acquire. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undifferentiated cell adenoma
Synonym for null-cell adenoma ... <tumour> An adenoma of the hypophysis composed of cells for which there is no overt evidence or hormone production, but which usually produces hypopituitarism and visual disturbances by compression of adjacent structures; approximately one third of these tumours have cells with abundant mitochondria (oncocytes …

undifferentiated sarcoma of liver
<radiology> Kiddies, age 4 - 15 yrs, M = F, complex hepatic mass, often hypovascular, most in right lobe, large ( more than 10 cm), ** Differential diagnosis: embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma ... (12 Dec 1998) ...

undifferentiated type fever
A term applied to illnesses resulting from infection by any one of the arboviruses pathogenic for man, in which the only constant manifestation is fever; rash, lymphadenopathy, or arthralgia (alone or in combination) may occur in some individuals but not in others; some arboviruses may induce infections in which undifferentiated type fever is the o …

undifferentiation
<pathology> A condition in which tumour or cancer cells lose normal cell organisation, function and differentiation. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

undinism
A condition in which sexual thoughts are aroused by water, urine, and urination. ... Origin: Mod. L. Undina, fr. L. Unda, wave ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undiversion
Surgical restoration of continuity in any organ system, the flow through which had previously been diverted; e.g., between the upper urinary tract and bladder after supravesical urinary diversion. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undivided
1. Not divided; not separated or disunited; unbroken; whole; continuous; as, plains undivided by rivers or mountains. ... 2. Not set off, as a share in a firm; not made actually separate by division; as, a partner, owning one half in a firm, is said to own an undivided half so long as the business continues and his share is not set off to him. ... 3. …

undoing
In psychology and psychiatry, an unconscious defense mechanism by which one symbolically acts out in reverse some earlier unacceptable behaviour. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undress
1. To divest of clothes; to strip. ... 2. To divest of ornaments to disrobe. ... 3. <medicine> To take the dressing, or covering, from; as, to undress a wound. ... Origin: 1st pref. Un- + dress. ... 1. A loose, negligent dress; ordinary dress, as distinguished from full dress. ... 2. <astronomy> An authorised habitual dress of officers and s …

undulant fever
Synonym for brucellosis ... <microbiology> A rare infection (less than 200 cases per year in the U.S.) caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella. Human infection results from occupational exposure to infected animals or by ingestion of infected milk, milk products or animal tissue. ... Symptoms are non-specific and include fever, malaise and wei …

undulate
Verb: To move in a wavelike motion. ... Adj., Wavy. ... (09 Oct 1997) ...

undulating fever
Synonym for brucellosis ... <microbiology> A rare infection (less than 200 cases per year in the U.S.) caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella. Human infection results from occupational exposure to infected animals or by ingestion of infected milk, milk products or animal tissue. ... Symptoms are non-specific and include fever, malaise and wei …

undulating membrane
Undulatory membrane, a locomotory organelle of certain flagellate (trypanosome and trichomonad) parasites, consisting of a finlike extension of the limiting membrane with the flagellar sheath; wavelike rippling of the undulating membrane produces a characteristic movement. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undulating pulse
A toneless pulse in which there is a succession of waves without character or force. ... Synonym: pulsus fluens. ... (05 Mar 2000) ...

undulation
1. The act of undulating; a waving motion or vibration; as, the undulations of a fluid, of water, or of air; the undulations of sound. ... 2. A wavy appearance or outline; waviness. ... 3. The tremulous tone produced by a peculiar pressure of the finger on a string, as of a violin. The pulsation caused by the vibrating together of two tones not quite …

undulatory
Moving in the manner of undulations, or waves; resembling the motion of waves, which successively rise or swell rise or swell and fall; pertaining to a propagated alternating motion, similar to that of waves. ... <optics> Undulatory theory, or Wave theory (of light), that theory which regards its various phenomena as due to undulations in an e …

undulipodium
A flexible whiplike intracellular extension of many eukaryotic cells, with a characteristic nine-fold symmetry, an arrangement of nine paired peripheral microtubules and one central pair, often termed 9 + 2 symmetry; it appears to grow out from a basal body (kinetosome) in the cell and is a fundamental component of the eukaryotic cell. Both the cil …

undulose extinction
<microscopy> Nonuniform extinction of a substance between crossed polars. The areas of complete extinction move progressively with a fanlike motion across the surface of the substance as the stage is rotated. ... (05 Aug 1998) ...